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Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 1
Application of High Pressure Technology
To Materials Science and Related Fields
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 2
Pressure: Magnitude of Force per Unit Area
If you are stepped by a ladie’s high-heeled shoes: 5 MPa (50 atm)
Oceanic Trench: 100 MPa (103 atm)
Mantle/Crust Boundary: 1 GPa (104 atm)
Center of Earth: 360 GPa (3.6×106 atm))
Center of Sun: 1010 GPa (1014 atm)
Units: 1 atm ≒0.1 MPa
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 3
How to get High Pressure
Static PressureHydrostatic PressureDynamic Pressure
Fundamental Piston-Cylinder Apparatus
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 4
Static Pressure 1 (Solid State Static Press)
Apparatus for Materials Processing
Belt Type Slide Cubic Anvil Type
7 GPa
2000℃
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 5
Synthesis of Diamond from Graphite
P-T Phase Diagram of Carbon
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 6
Mechanism of Diamond Conversion from Graphite via Catalyst (Flux)
Sumitomo Electrics
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 7
Static Pressure 2 (Diamond Anvil Press)
Quasi Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus for Solid State Physics
50 GPa
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 8
Hydrostatic Pressure (Hot Isostatic Pressing)
200 MPa
2000℃KOBELCO “Dr. HIP”
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 9
Application of Hydrostatic Pressure to Food Science
Kill Bacteria (e.g. Salmonella)
Cooking without altering natural taste and flavor and vitamins
Pressure: denature proteins, inactivate enzymes, gelantinize starch and sterilize microorganisms
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 10
Melting of Ice at 5℃
0.1 MPa and 200 MPa
Coagulation
Boiled Egg and Pressure Treated Egg (700MPa)
KOBELCO “Dr. CHEF” 1 GPa
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 11
Companies Using High Pressurein the Food Industry
Product(s) ManufacturerGuacamole Avomex, USA
Jams, Meiji-Ya, JapanFruit toppings
Fruit Juice Pokka Corporation, Japan
Fruit Juice The Minute Maid Company, USA
Delicatessen Esteban Espuna, Spainstyle meats
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 12
Dynamic Pressure 1 (2 Stage Light Gas Gun)
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 13
Dynamic Pressure 2 (Rail Gun)
JAXA
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 14
Accelerating Mechanism of “Rail Gun”
Japanese Science and Technology/ Materials Science 15
1st Escape Velocity: 7.9 km/s (to satellite orbital)
2nd Escape Velocity: 11.2 km/s (escape from the orbital
