APPLICATION FORM ICT Research Grant · ICT Research Grant – Application Form Dr. Stephen Doorne Page 6 of 28 GIS as a Decision Support Tool for Community Based Tourism Development

ICT Research Grant – Application Form Dr. Stephen Doorne

Page 1 of 28 GIS as a Decision Support Tool for Community Based Tourism Development Projects: A Pilot Study for the South Pacific

APPLICATION FORM

ICT Research Grant

Principal Applicant From USP

Principal Applicant From Partner Agency

Surname Doorne Malani Forenames

Stephen Michael Manoa Title (Mr., etc.)

Dr. Mr Institution address

University of the South Pacific Laucala Bay Campus Suva Fiji Islands /

Sustainable Tourism Section Ministry of Tourism and Transport Government of Fiji Suva

Telephone No. 679 321 2688, 923 6545 679 331 2788

Fax No. 679 321 2107 330 2060

E-mail address [email protected] [email protected]

Co-applicants from USP

Co-applicants From Partner Agency

Surname Govorov Forenames

Michael Title

Dr. Institution address

University of the South Pacific Laucala Bay Campus Suva Fiji Islands

Telephone No. 3313900

Fax No. 3301487

E-mail address [email protected]



Co-applicants from USP

Co-applicants From Partner Agency

Surname Lartigou Forenames

Fabrice Title

Institution address

University of the South Pacific Laucala Bay Campus Suva Fiji Islands

Telephone No. 679321 12651

Fax No.

E-mail address [email protected] Co-applicants

from USP Co-applicants

From Partner Agency

Endorsement by the Head of School approving the Principal Researcher to undertake this research:



Q1 Title of project (no more than 220 characters):

GIS as a Decision Support Tool for Community Based Tourism Development Projects: A Pilot Study for the South Pacific

Q2 Proposed start date : 01 . 07 . 03

Q3 Period for which support is sought (in months): 8 months

Q4 Summary of total costs (in Fijian Dollars):

Equipment $ $4400

Consumables $ $5000

Lease Fee (e.g. Workshop venue, hiring costs, etc.) $500

Travel + per diems $ $9540

Telecommunications $200

Support Staff $9350

Conference $

Educational material development $

Others $

TOTAL $28990

Q5 PROJECT BUDGET (All costs should be in Fijian Dollars) Draw up a detailed budget for the project, including other funding sources, if any. Do not submit a budget of more than FJ $40,000 for the project. Provide as much detail as possible in this section and include any other label as appropriate. Country for which estimated cost is presented: (if outside Fiji) $FJD EQUIPMENT (Excluding VAT for large and expensive equipment)

Portable GPS (required for field work): 4 ArcPad Software Hardware upgrade

$2400 $1500 $500



CONSUMABLES Stationary and paper for PRA workshops, presentations, surveys and report (A1 & A4 paper, pens , transparencies, micro tapes, batteries, disks, binding, copying etc.), A complete overview of Zone A i.e. coastal area between Suva and Lautoka is required including forest maps, aerial photos (FLIS), satellite data (SOPAC), public works data (PWD), and cadastral information. Most data will need to be purchased, an estimate of the expected cost is given. Aerial photos (10 x A4 photo @ $20), Satellite imagery (50 x 20 km @ $1/km2

$ 5000

LEASE FEE Hire of any equipment, item, or venue in relation to research. Portable projection equipment for second workshop at study site (see below)

$500

TRAVEL The sequence of travel activities will be as follows: 1. Initial liaison with community/village group to discuss

the project and their involvement and participation – (2 persons, 2 days, car hire ($100/day), + per diems $90/day). This will be conducted by the Principal Researcher and member of the (Ministry of Tourism) Objectives will be to lay the groundwork for the first workshop.

2. First workshop to conduct PRA and other research

activities plus spatial site mapping for GIS – 5 persons (PR, Co PR, wkshp facilitator, Co Researcher, RA), 5 days ($500 car hire + per diems @ $90/day x 5)

3. Reconnaisance to verify resource attributes from aerial

photographs (2 persons, 4 days, car hire + per diems) 4. Follow up and liaison with community/village and

other stakeholder groups and further research activities (2 persons, 2 days, car hire + per diems). This will provide an opportunity to validate and triangulate source data.

$560 $2750 $1120 $560



5. Presentation workshop of GIS mental and cultural maps to check accuracy of representations against local perspectives. The workshop will also explore issues of relevance and sustainability of the resource for decision support and planning within the community (5 persons, 5 days + per diems)

6. Airfares return Suva/Akl, Dr Stephen Doorne (liaison

with TRI/AUT re PAGIS design + per diems, 4 days) The New Zealand Tourism Research Institute of which Dr Doorne is a member has considerable experience in Participatory GIS techniques (PAGIS) and representation of socio-cultural data. Dr Doorne will liaise with Drs Irena Ateljevic, Simon Milne and Julia Hasse on issues of design, representation classification and validation. (see Research Capacity Building at USP in the Project Beneficiaries section)

$2750 $1800

TELECOMMUNICATION Liaison with overseas investors, local stakeholders, industry and relevant agencies

$200

SUPPORT STAFF State number and type of staff and approximate cost for the duration of the grant, including the employer’s contributions and other relevant costs. A GIS and Community Development specialist (Dr.

Julia Hasse) will be contracted at the New Zealand Tourism Research Institute (AUT) in Auckland to assist with design, data entry/coding/interpretation and analysis of sociocultural data (5 days @ $400/day) (see Research Capacity Building at USP in the Project Beneficiaries section)

Two students one with GIS skills and the other a

Tourism Studies graduate will be employed as research assistants for fieldwork, data entry and data analysis (per diem: 2 persons for 2 weeks fieldwork @ $200/wk, plus data entry and analysis 10 person days @ $150/day) (see Notes below)

$2000 $2300



A PRA workshop facilitator will be contracted to

conduct participatory research methods at the study site (two fieldtrips at 5 days each). The facilitator will also be employed for one validation visit (2days) between workshops and for one day at USP for GIS spatial and cultural database design and data coding (total 13 days @ $350/day) (see Notes below)

Interview (taped) transcription

$4550 $500

CONFERENCE CAUTHE 2004 Creating Tourism Knowledge, Brisbane

February (airfare + per diem @ 6 days) (see Notes below)

The Australian Map Circle Inc. (AMC) NZMS / AMC Joint 2004 Conference February 2004 (Dr. Michael Govorov) University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand (airfares + per diem @ 6 days) Content to be decided in consultation with JICA

TOTAL $28990

Notes: Staff Support - Research Assistance: Much of the research assistance will be devoted to data entry. The focus of GIS as a database in the capacity proposed here is primarily to centralize information which is currently dispersed amongst a range of stakeholders and institutions. The bulk of the research assistance will therefore be devoted to data entry activities; the Ministry of Tourism itself currently has ‘filing cabinets’ of data requiring entry to the database. The field assistance will be devoted to verifying attribute data from for example satellite imagery or aerial photographs and updating existing secondary source data e.g. the current GIS forest cover data is dated 1991, similarly GIS infrastructure data held by the Public Works department will not include the latest developments relating to the Natadola project.



Staff Support – Workshop facilitation The project will work with the Ministry of Tourism to identify expertise for workshop facilitation. The Ministry has already engaged in some workshop and consultative activities with communities in the Natadola and/or Momi Bay area, it is proposed that the working relationships with those involved either continue or be guided by the Ministry. The budget and methodology for this part of the project also reflects a ‘ideal’ research scenario, it should be noted that as developments in the project change over time the workshop/participatory research needs of the Ministry and thus the database may also change. The budgeted amount therefore allows for maximum flexibility to adapt and respond to circumstances as they arise. The budget proposed here allows for professional facilitator(s) (in partnership with the Ministry of Tourism) to be engaged at current ‘market’ rates for the purposes of workshop planning, management, facilitation and compilation of material and data for subesequent integration into the database. The facilitator(s) will also be engaged later in the database development process to assist with data quality and integrity issues. Conferences: There are two conferences identified for the project reflecting the two focal areas of the project i.e. GIS application, and tourism capacity building. The GIS conference in New Zealand is important to ‘sell’ the activities of GIS at USP and receive peer review. The CAUTHE conference is the major high profile conference within the region and similarly represents the opportunity to present what is an innovative project on behalf of the University to a specifically academic tourism audience (see Project Outputs below) Q6. OUTLINE OF SCIENTIFIC PROPOSAL Maximum 7 pages excluding appendices. Project Background and justification: In the South Pacific, nations increasingly challenged by the pressures to integrate with the global economy are embracing tourism as a vehicle for social and economic development. Experiences of governments hosting tourism development in the region have however raised questions about the long term sustainability of mainstream tourism development in terms of environment, society and economy. In recent years attempts to foster alternative models of tourism development are being embraced, mostly labelled as ‘eco-tourism’ or ‘community-based tourism’, to deliver development benefits more widely and more directly than mainstream mass tourism (Fagence, 1987; Sharpley, 2002). The embrace of tourism as an agent of development is emerging across the institutional landscape including governments, aid donors, QUANGOs and NGOs as well as projects initiated by communities themselves. Common to these initiatives is the initiation of strategies to better represent host communities in development decisions predominantly through alternative tourism models but also across the wider spectrum of tourism development.



In the South Pacific the role of host government in tourism development is frequently that of mediator between investors and the local environment. On the one hand investment is needed to encourage growth and the disbursement of economic benefits yet at the same time they must ensure that the structure and nature of investment retains these benefits locally and preserves the cultural, social and environmental integrity of the development site. In order to effectively facilitate the planning and development process and the set of relationships running through it, host governments require access to a diversity of site specific information including environmental impact assessments, social data, tourism resource attributes and landscape other landscape data, product and market information, as well as local perspectives on proposed development activities. At present it is not uncommon to find such information scattered amongst a variety of stakeholders, agencies/ institutions and communities, a situation which presents considerable challenges to the decision making process and in particular has the capacity to result in inadequate representation of host perspectives in the management and decision making process. The issue of local representation is significant in that projects are frequently implemented in communities lacking knowledge or experience of tourism development. Indeed, communities most in need of ‘development’ benefits are also those most challenged when engaging with the tourism industry and its globalized processes of production and consumption. This project utilizes information and communications technologies to address specific development objectives by developing a database using Geographic Information System technology to build capacity amongst governments or other agencies involved this planning and development role. The GIS database will be designed to enhance their ability to make efficient and informed decisions which will serve the social and economic development needs of their constituencies (UNDP, 2001). The project is a pilot study which will work in partnership with the Ministry of Tourism and Transport, Fiji (see attached letter) to develop the database and examine its applicability for wider implementation both in Fiji and for government and other development agencies (donors, NGOs, QUANGOS) throughout the South Pacific region. The pilot study site will be Zone A of the Fiji Tourism Development Plan (1998-2005) with a particular focus on the proposed Natadola resort development. Note: Zone A of the Fiji Tourism Development Plan (1998-2005) covers the coastal area between Suva and Lautoka including the Mamanucas. The precise scope of the proposed Natadola and or Momo Bay development is yet to be determined. Depending on the time and budget constraints of the project the Ministry requests the right to select either one or both of the development sites as its case study. Given the approximate



comparativity of scale, location and the development context there are not expected to be any implications for the budget based on this decision. Research Questions: How can local perspectives of place, culture and heritage be better represented in

broader management and decision making structures of development agencies How can the experiences and expectations of host communities and of development

agencies be better communicated? How do host communities, and development agencies measure and assess those

changes and evaluate outcomes which constitute successful (‘sustainable’) development, and how can discrepancies be reconciled?

How can local perspectives be used to inform the day to day agency management decisions and the direction of future development interventions in community inclusive tourism? And;

Can the representation of community data in a GIS database play a role in the above issues in terms of providing a more direct interface for the communication of a range of data and value perspectives between the community and the agency responsible?

Note that in the proposed context a GIS database is able to hold a wide range of information attributable to particular places, communities and groups in time and space. The type of information relevant would include: Financial data, expenditures, balance sheets relating to specific developments; Reports, minutes, transcripts and other written material produced in the project

cycle (from workshops, monitoring visits, evaluations etc.); Communications, correspondence relevant to the project (emails, letters etc); Images, video, photographs and other visual representations of places, people and

events; Audio data such as interviews, meetings, oral histories, and stories ; Material generated by participatory workshops and other appraisal processes; Census data, statistical information, zoning and land use data; Landownership data and structures (e.g. mataqali, tikina etc.) and contacts Visitor data, market profiles, customer feedback, evaluation and satisfaction data; All the above data accessible on CD and a Website with appropriate links. In other words, the GIS database proposed has the capacity to act as a central repository for historical and contemporary data relevant to the project. This allows the potential for host governments, for example, to access visual data, financial data, reports, oral histories and workshop outcomes in such a way that decision making processes are accurately informed by a range of perspectives relevant to the community and thedevelopment site. Such an initiative will greatly enhance the development of



‘institutional memory’ of development agencies particularly when management personnel changes occur during the project cycle. It is hoped that such a database will also contribute to enhanced transparency and consistency in decision-making, project monitoring and evaluation processes. Project Objectives: The primary objective of the study therefore is: to accurately represent a range of community based data and project resource

material using a GIS database for spatial and cultural mapping at the pilot study site. The data will be specifically in three layers: physical data, social data, and tourism data. To develop a tool for the purposes of project monitoring and decision support for development agencies (CD Rom and website).

To identify opportunities and constraints for the future development of the database as (1) product development and marketing tool; (2) a community driven decision support tool; and (3) as a vehicle for donor harmonisation through the communication of lessons learned, methodologies, and development models and critical success factors (report – see below), and will assess the opportunities and constraints for further expansion of the concept to other Zones in the Development Plan and elsewhere throughout the South Pacific Region

This scoping study will focus on the proposed Natadola and/or Momi Bay resort development within Zone A of the Fiji Tourism Development Plan (1998-2005). Its focus will be to compile and assemble a diversity of data as a GIS database which aims to bridge the gap between host community projects and the management/policy environment. The database will also be accessible as a website with the capacity to act as a centralized planning and decision support tool. The implications of the database are as follows: More inclusive planning and development processes at all levels of management More ‘visible’ voices of marginalized community members in donor policy and

decision making processes Direct stakeholder communication between communities, development agencies,

and outside investors Enhanced transparency of policy processes and informed decision making Ability to store spatial and cultural data, cartographic representations and spatial

tools for planning and management analysis and monitoring. Given that this project is a pilot study it serves as an opportunity to explore the possibilities for developing the database in four possible areas (as identified above)



1. As a community driven empowerment and decision making tool: the opportunities and constraints for communities to manage their representation on the database and its potential role within local decision making structures will be examined. This will take note of the challenges of access and relevancy such as infrastructural and technological capacities, human capacity building needs at the local level, and prevailing socio-political structures and relationships (see UNDP, 2001).

2. As a product development and direct marketing tool: the spatial elements of the

database provides opportunities for communities to explore the development of alternative tourism products within their environment by identifying appropriate landscapes for, for example, adventure tourism products such as paraponting, hang-gliding, trekking, caving, and mountain-biking, as well as cultural heritage products including archeological, sacred and historical sites. Also the web-based nature of the database presents opportunities for communities to directly market and represent themselves to appropriate markets (as opposed to being dependent on government marketing agencies such as the Fiji Visitors Bureau) and where they can communicate their cultural values, appropriate visitor behaviour and shape the expectations of visitors. Given that satisfaction is a measure of the extent to which expectations are met this aspect provides significant opportunities for tourism to be a sustainable feature of community life (Web based marketing of this sort has proved effective for marginal indigenous groups elsewhere such as, for example the Inuit in Baffin Island, Canada – see Hull and Milne, 2001). The project will examine the opportunities and constraints for achieving these outcomes.

3. As a development agency harmonization tool: the project will explore the

possibilities for the database featuring as a way of communicating lessons learned and critical success factors in the project cycle. The emergence of policy imperatives featuring tourism as an agent for social and economic development in the region, and the fact that tourism is a new area of institutional activity means that the communication of lessons learned is essential to the sustainable development of tourism initiatives at the local level. The centralization of data provides an opportunity to enhance coordination of multi- agency involvement within specific projects (note that the design will create restricted entry to sensitive or confidential areas of the database).

4. With reference to the Ministry of Tourism and Transport, Fiji, the report will assess

the feasibility for the expansion of the GIS database for application throughout Zone A of the Fiji Tourism Development Plan (1998-2005) and subsequent implementation in Zones B (South East Vanua Levu and Taveuni) and C (all other districts including Lau, Kadavu, Yasawas and remaining Vanua Levu). The discussion will explore associated costs, capacity building needs within the Ministry and potential projectification of a strategy. At the regional level the report will assess the issues



emerging from the pilot study and their relevance to the broader implementation of the concept throughout the region.

The opportunities and constraints facing the above elements will be explored throughout the study and will be compiled as a report disseminated (hard copy, CD Rom, Website, community workshop) to stakeholder groups involved with the pilot project. Note that this study does not propose that the above factors are implemented as part of this project. The report will simply to comment and make recommendations on the opportunities and constraints which would influence their development as subsequent projects. Project Beneficiaries: Communities hosting donor/partner initiated tourism development projects

through better representation in donor policy and decision making processes. Marginal groups within these host communities whose perspectives and voices are

not normally included in either local political processes or donor management decisions

Development/government agencies, in this instance the Tourism and Transport Ministry of Fiji, by building decision making capacity to deliver development outcomes through tourism.

Investors and tourism developers by making available a comprehensive body of information relevant to product development, marketing and project implementation (e.g. physical resource attributes, land ownership relationships, tabu sites, neighbouring industry structures, infrastructures etc., etc.).

Project Sustainability: The database will be designed to become a central decision support tool accessible by all stakeholders. This is aimed at three decision making levels: Community: The GIS database will be designed to accurately reflect the values and cultural

perspectives of the host communities and other stakeholder groups. If done effectively its potential contribution to planning and ongoing management communications should ensure its sustainability not only at the pilot site but potentially for other projects and contexts.



The study will explore opportunities to develop skills and capacities to drive the database in terms of recording social change, accessing information, communications, supporting decision making, and representing and marketing products they are delivering (see above)

Development agency (e.g. government/donor/NGO) Implementation/Management The GIS database will act as an ongoing store of information accessible in three

layers; physical, social and tourism data. The database will include a range of data able to be updated continuously. It will provide continuity of representation for community and other stakeholder groups irrespective of (re) structural changes to management systems, personnel or policy shifts.

Policy/ decision-making The GIS database will allow direct and up to date communication between policy

makers, programme managers and host communities to assist informed decision making. It is envisaged that the database has the potential to become an integral part of the development delivery mechanism not only in tourism related projects but with potential application across the community development arena.

Research Capacity Building at USP The project will coordinate activities drawing on experience and lessons learned

from the New Zealand Tourism Research Institute based at Auckland University of Technology. This relationship with the NZTRI at AUT is consistent with the current Memorandum of Understanding between USP and Auckland University of Technology (2002) fostering staff/student exchanges and research relationships. Drs Doorne and Ateljevic have already been successful in attracting research funding under this relationship (see CV), this element of the proposal seeks to further the relationship in this emerging field. The budget includes liaison with PAGIS specialists at AUT (Dr Julia Hasse, Professor Simon Milne and Dr Irena Ateljevic) as well as contracting Dr Hasse for detailed work on data classification and design (5 days). This is a more effective use of budget that bringing specialists to Fiji given that much of the data can be analysed remotely. This transfer of expertise will facilitate the emergence of PAGIS approaches at USP and will facilitate the integration of GIS activities between the Department of Geography and the Tourism Studies Programme at USP (continuing research relationships/postgraduate study etc.).



Project Methodology: Phase One: Site Selection and Stakeholder Liaison As noted earlier this proposal features the Tourism and Transport Ministry of Fiji as the partner agency. They have indicated a willingness to develop the GIS database for Zone A of the Fiji Tourism Development Plan (1998-2005). Given the scale of Zone A and the time constraints on the project the site of Natadola beach and/or Momi Bay have been identified for specific focus. The site(s) provides the opportunity to engage with a range of data attributes, stakeholders, and processes which collectively make it relevant for the South Pacific regional tourism planning and development context. Liaison with the Ministry will continue to narrow down the specifics of the site in question and to determine the necessary scope and emphasis of the database to ensure it meets the needs of the agency as a decision support tool. Phase Two – Project Site Visits and Spatial Database Design Both qualitative and quantitative and secondary research techniques will be employed. At the community level in-depth interviews, focus groups, direct observation and a range of participatory methodologies will be used to explore host community experiences and to identify and analyse issues from their perspective. ‘Traditional’ participatory methodologies (e.g. transects, timelines, activity profiles, oral histories, photography, resource mapping, ranking activities, household interviews etc.) will be employed to identify visual/diagramatic and other representations of space, place, and cultural heritage values for assimilation into the database using GIS data entry methodologies within existing architecture. Similarly in-depth interviews as well as semi-structured interviews will be conducted with consultants, project managers and Ministry representatives to gather the necessary level of detail and background to particular projects, and to facilitate appropriate selection of indicators, measures and codes for representation through GIS. Note that some community based workshops have already been facilitated by the Tourism Ministry. The data from these will be integrated onto the database. This phase will also include GIS mapping processes using the existing architecture developed by the GIS unit at USP for the GIS Atlas of Fiji. The process includes: Collection of spatial data in digital and printed forms from a range of sources Purchasing recent and temporal satellite and air photo images (note that SOPAC

and Fiji Land Information Systems (FLIS) have a comprehensive store of aerial images and GIS data particularly at the macro level though their involvement with GIS at the community level is limited.



Visiting the study area for spatial surveying, GPS control, data rectification and reconciliation

Spatial data verification and adjustment of spatial and attributive contents Spatial database analysis and design and conceptual and logical representation of

spatial and attributive data based on the architecture developed for the GIS Atlas of Fiji. (Note that the database proposed will not sit within the GIS Atlas of Fiji as it has not been designed as part of that project but will sit along side it in terms of methodology and structure).

Phase Three – Data analysis, compilation, data entry, GIS implementation and mapping. Fieldwork data will be compiled and analysed with a view to representing the data in an appropriate way within the database using the available architecture. Emphasis will be given to appropriate data quality control, raster and/or vector modeling, and integration of remote sensing data. GIS when used as a database has the capacity to store a broad diversity of data. The database will have the following set of layers for cultural cartographic representation and spatial analysis: General reference spatial set (coast lines, roads, village sites, vegetation, contour

lines and high spots, coral reefs etc.) ‘Mental’ and cultural historical landscape maps (e.g. tabu sites, visual representation

of landscape from local perspectives including digital video and still image data) Socio-economic data sets (current and predictive land-use maps, administrative

boundaries, cultural and economic objects) Digital elevation model (3D representation of terrain and ‘mental’ landscapes,

perspective views, slope and aspect maps) Related multimedia and report objects (e.g. images, audio, PDF reports etc.) Relational table with attributive data (socio demographic data etc.) Once compiled and assembled as a database the GIS tool will be taken back to the village as a workshop to discuss and verify the accuracy of the material stored. A website will then be developed to integrate the range of material and facilitate multiple stakeholder access.



Project Time line: Phase One Donor liaison, site identification,

secondary data collection August – October 2003

Phase Two Site visits, participatory research with community groups, liaison with implementation personnel, GIS spatial and cultural mapping

September – November 2003

Phase Three Data collation, data entry, GIS mapping, community workshop, website development, report

December 2003 – March 2004

Risk Management: The focus of the project, bridging implementation and communication gaps through IT, carries with it several risks which are the focus of the report identified earlier examining the opportunities and constraints to future usage of the database: That the database concept will be perceived to be a ’high tech toy’ for donors and

partners and is not embraced as an opportunity for empowerment at the community level

That there are insufficient technical skills or human capacity within host communities to engage with the database effectively for their own decision making

That remote communities will be unable to access the database due to infrastructural constraints

That failure to use the database at the local level will render it useless as a decision support tool at the management and policy level.

Participation by all stakeholders involved is crucial to the project. To address the above risks professional community development practitioners skilled in participatory research methods will be employed to facilitate workshop based data gathering processes (Phase Two). The Ministry of Tourism has been working with workshop facilitators throughout the process thus far, it is anticipated that those relationships will continue throughout the pilot project. For the pilot project, the data entered to the GIS system will be controlled by implementation personnel, the research team, management, and development practitioners. For the database to operate as an empowerment tool in local decision making (product development, marketing etc.) it is important that capacities be built locally that will enable community members to access and control their own representation directly. To this end a needs analysis of technical awareness and



competencies will be conducted and presented in the form of a report to all stakeholders (see earlier). The report will also identify opportunities for accurate and appropriate marketing of their products in such a way that community engagement with the tourism industry supports and enhances their cultural values of place and is consistent with their expectations and development needs. Project Outputs: State what the project will produce and in what form it will be delivered and disseminated. GIS database as CD ROM available to all stakeholders and website accessible to all

stakeholders. The data base will cover Zone A in its entirety with respect to physical, social and tourism layers incorporating as much detail as is available (e.g. aerial photos, satellite imagery, cadastral data, social data, infrastructures, land use, tourism plant existing, tourism plant proposed). The database with respect to the case study area of Natadola and/or Momi Bay will be more focused and will include specific documents and other attribute data relevant to the proposal as well as detailed workshop data and site attribute physical, social and tourism layers.

Methodology for spatial modeling of community spatial, cultural and heritage

perspectives. Report, series of maps with attribute data, and feedback to all stakeholders. Conference presentations: Two conference presentations are planned for the project

with the following rationale: (1) The Council for Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Educators (CAUTHE) conference in Brisbane 2004 is a high profile conference in the region with GIS and remote sensing featuring prominently within the IT stream. The conference will provide necessary academic exposure to what is otherwise a highly practical project. Conferences of this sort normally provide excellent opportunities for form publishing relationships and research partnerships and as such facilitate the necessary academic outputs of the project; (2) The Australian Map Circle Inc conference at Waikato, New Zealand also provides regional exposure for this level of GIS application amongst peers in the field. These conferences represent important opportunities to ‘sell’ the work of the University in partnership with JICA on the regional and global stages and to attract attention and interest for the development of subsequent projects (research, publication, consultancy). Both conferences contribute to the profile of the respective departments and staff involved and thereby build capacity internally and enhance the external profile of USP within the region.



Project Monitoring: Timelines and budget Dr Stephen Doorne as project leader will coordinate travel and liaison activities in respect of timelines necessary to deliver the stated outputs. He will also coordinate all purchases, travel costs and contracts for fieldwork personnel. Implementation Close liaison will be kept with the community, partner and donor agencies to ensure that the content focus and structure of the project is both consistent with the proposal and yet responsive to the local circumstances and context. As project leader Dr Doorne will assume this role. Effectiveness All fieldwork personnel will participate in the community appraisal workshops and fieldwork to ensure that stakeholder perspectives are accurately reflected during the technical stages of the project. Project Originality: GIS has been used as a development tool in other contexts. McKinnon and McConchie (2002) for example has used MIGIS (Mobile Interactive Geographical Information Systems) to bring together development planners and farming communities in rural China. In the tourism development context Hasse, Milne and McKinnon (1999) has used PAGIS (Participatory Geographical Information Systems) to represent local perspectives in the local government planning processes in New Zealand. Hull and Milne (2001) have developed IT and the internet as a product development and direct marketing tool for remote Inuit communities in Canada. This project represents a convergence of these research paths in the context of community tourism, planning and development by development agencies in the South Pacific Region.



REFERENCES

1. Dent, D.B. (1985) “Principles of Thematic Map Design”. USA: Addison-Wesley Press.

2. Fagence, M., 1987. Ecotourism and Pacific Island Countries. Journal of Tourism

Studies, 8(2): 26-38. 3. Forum Secretariat, 1998. Key Issues Constraining Tourism Development in

Forum Island Counties: Background Paper No. 5 for the Forum Economic Ministers Meeting. Suva: Forum Secretariat.

4. Hasse, J., Milne, S., and McKinnon, J., 1999. Tourism Stakeholders and

Sustainable Community Development: Theoretical and Methodological Reflections. Proceedings of the International Geographic Union Sustainable Tourism Study Group, Oamaru, New Zealand, August 30 – September 2.

5. Hull, J. and Milne, S., 2001. From Nets to the Net: The Case of Quebec's Lower

North Shore. In, The Reflexive North, Nils Aarsæther and Jørgen Ole Bærenholdt (eds.), Circumpolar Coping Processes Report, Chapter 7.

6. McKinnon J. and McConchie, J. 2002. Using GIS to Produce Community Based

Maps to Promote Collaborative Natural Resource Management. Special Report, ASEAN Biodiversity, January-March 2002: 27-34.

7. OpenGIS Web Map Server Interface Implementation Specification, Revision 1.0.0,

OpenGIS Project Document 00-028, 2000 8. Robinson, A.H., Morrison, J.L., et al. (1995) “Elements of Cartography”, 6th ed.

USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

9. System Design Strategies, An ESRI White Paper, 2003 10. Twining – Ward, L. 2003. Indicator Handbook: A guide to the development and

use of Samoa’s sustainable tourism indicators. South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

11. UNDP, 2001. Information Communications Technology for Development:

Synthesis of Lessons Learned. UNDP Evaluations Office, Essentials. 05 Sept: New York.



Q7 CURRICULUM VITAE FOR PRINCIPAL APPLICANT AND EACH COAPPLICANT

Please copy the page and label the copies as Section 7 (i), (ii), (iii), etc. Each page should have the name of the principal applicant at the top. At this stage, only abbreviated CVs should be supplied, using the table below.

(a) SURNAME: Doorne FORENAMES Stephen

(b) DATE OF BIRTH: 28.4.62 NATIONALITY: New Zealand/ EU (c) DEGREES, DIPLOMAS etc. (subject, class, university and dates): PhD (1999), Tourism Management, Victoria University of Wellington.

MA, (1995), Department of Geography, Victoria University of Wellington BA (Hons), 1992, Department of Geography, Victoria University of Wellington

(d) CURRENT POST (with dates): Title: Lecturer Department: Tourism Studies Programme

Institution: University of the South Pacific

Date of appointment and if appropriate, expected termination: 21 June 2002

(e) PREVIOUS POSTS HELD (maximum 3 most recent posts with dates, source of funding for salary and country):

Lecturer, Tourism Management, School of Business and Public Management, Victoria University of Wellington New Zealand (1997-2002)



RESEARCHER’S UNDERTAKEN (no more than ten which you consider to be the most important. Please give details of funding agency, completion time, name of team members if applicable, and any publications, etc.) 1. 2002- Current. Backpackers, Development and Change: A study of Industry Dynamics and

Consumer Culture in Fiji. Principal Researcher. Jointly funded by the University Research Committee, USP and Auckland University of Technology.

2. 2002 - current, Yadua Island Community Tourism Resource Management Planning. Principal Researcher, funding from School of Social and Economic Development, University of the South Pacific, in collaboration with Partners for Community Development Fiji (PCDF).

3. 2002-3. Feasibility Study of the Lomanikaya Ecotourism Project, Vatulele Island. On behalf of Canada Fund, South Pacific.

4. 2002. Strategic Marketing Planning for the Batilamu Trek and the Koroyanitu National Heritage Park. On behalf of Tourism Resource Consultants and New Zealand Official Development Assistance (NZODA) Ecotourism Programme.

5. 1999-2001, Challenge of Change in the Central Massif: The Tourism-Identity Nexus. Joint project between Victoria University of Wellington and Yunnan University, Kunming, P.R. China. Principal Researcher. Funded by the Asia 2000 Foundation.

6. 1999-2001, Tourism and Economy in Transition: Tourism Entrepreneurship in Croatia. Co-Researcher. Funded by the School of Business and Public Management, Victoria University of Wellington.

7. 1999-2000, Improving Tourism’s Economic Performance: A Case Study of Golden Bay. Co-researcher. Strategic Development Fund, Victoria University of Wellington/ New Zealand Tourism Research Institute (NZTRI).

8. 1998-1999, Centre Stage Macro Region Research Project: Industry Capacity Study of Nelson and Marlborough. Principal Researcher. Joint project with Tourism Marlborough, Tourism Nelson, Tourism Wairarapa, and New Zealand Tourism Research Institute (NZTRI).



RECENT PUBLICATIONS

(no more than ten which should be those you consider to be the most important and relevant to this application. Please give citation in full, including title of paper and all authors.)

1. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., Bai, Z., (2003 ). Representing Identities Through Tourism:

Encounters of Ethnic Minorities in Dali, Yunnan Province. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(1), 1-11.

2. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., (2003 ). Unpacking the Local: A Cultural Analysis of Tourism Entrepreneurship in Murter, Croatia. Tourism Geographies, 5(2): 121-150.

3. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., (2003 forthcoming). Culture, Economy and Tourist Commodities: The Social Relations of Production and Consumption. Tourist Studies, (no page numbers at present).

4. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., (2003 forthcoming). De-Marketing, Marketing and the Hybridisation of Backpacker Research Perspectives: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Tourism Studies (no page numbers at present)

5. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., 2002. Representing New Zealand: Tourism Imagery and Ideology. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(3): 648-667.

6. Doorne, S., 2001. Book Review of J. Swarbrooke, ‘Sustainable Tourism Management’. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9(1): 85.

7. Doorne, S., and Ateljevic, I., 2001. Nowhere Left to Run: A Study of Value Boundaries and Segmentation within the Backpacker Market. In, J. Mazanec, G. Crouch, J. R. Brent Richie, A. Woodside (eds.), Consumer Psychology of Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure, Volume 2. Wallingford: CABI Publishing, pp. 169-186.

8. Doorne, S., 2001. ‘Open to the Sky’: Interpreting the Political Landscape of the Wellington Waterfront, New Zealand. In, M. Cotter, B. Boyd, and J. Gardiner, Heritage Landscapes: Understanding Place and Communities. Lismore: Southern Cross University Press, pp. 363-372.

9. Doorne, S. and Ateljevic, I., 2001. ‘Staying Within the Fence’: Lifestyle Entrepreneurship. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 8(5): 378-392.

10. Doorne, S. and Ateljevic, I., 2000. Local Government and Tourism Development: Issues and Constraints of Public Sector Entrepreneurship. New Zealand Geographer, 56(2): 25-31.



(a) SURNAME: Govorov FORENAMES Michael

(b) DATE OF BIRTH: NATIONALITY: Russia (c) DEGREES, DIPLOMAS etc. (subject, class, university and dates): 1993-1995 Postdoctoral Certificate (GIS and Cartography). Wuhan Technical

University of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan, P.R.China 1985-1989 Ph.D. in Technical Science (Computer Cartography). Novosibirsk

Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photogrammetry, and Cartography, Russia 1979-1983 Novosibirsk Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photogrammetry, and

Cartography, Russia. Engineer in Cartography (with honor degree)

(d) CURRENT POST (with dates): Title: Senior Lecturer Department: Department of Geography

Institution: University of the South Pacific

Date of appointment and if appropriate, expected termination:


The University of the South Pacific (USP), P.O. Box 1168, Suva, Fiji Islands, 2001–to date Director of GIS Unit & Senior Lecturer

UNDP & The Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, PNG, 1997–2001 UNV Specialist, Lecturer in GIS and Cartography

Siberian State Academy of Geodesy, Novosibirsk, Russia, 1995–1997 Associate Professor & Head of Research and Tech. Lab of Computer Thematic Mapping

Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan, P.R. China, 1993–1995 Postdoctoral Researcher

Novosibirsk Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Photogrammetry & Cartography, Russia, 1983–1993 Senior Lecturer – Lecturer, Postgraduate Researcher



RESEARCHER’S UNDERTAKEN (no more than ten which you consider to be the most important. Please give details of funding agency, completion time, name of team members if applicable, and any publications, etc.)

2002 Integration of GIS and Oracle Internet Portal: case study for Distance Education, USP Research Grant, (GeoMedia Web Map Server, Oracle HTTP Server & RDBMS, ASP), Fiji Islands.

2000-2001 “Assessment of Forest Cover Change for selected test sites in Papua New Guinea using High-Resolution Satellite Data” for Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Papua New Guinea, (ERMapper, NT ArcInfo, ArcView with Avenue’s scripting).

2000-2001 Subdivision plans for development of Waigani North area of Port Moresby, for Nett Holdings P/L, Papua New Guinea, (NT Arc/INFO COGO, ArcView with Avenue).

1999-2001 GIS for “University of Papua New Guinea master plan” and “Master plan of Goroka University”, Papua New Guinea, (NT ArcInfo, ArcView with 3D extensions, AutoCAD Map).

1996-1999 GIS of Novosibirsk State Highways for Novosibirsk Automobile Roads Administration, Russia, (Arc\Info and ArcView with SML, Avenue, VB and C).

RECENT PUBLICATIONS

(no more than ten which should be those you consider to be the most important and relevant to this application. Please give citation in full, including title of paper and all authors.)

Khmelevsky, Y.M., Govorov, M. “Some Security Solutions for GIS and RDBMS systems”, accepted by USP 2003 Conference (31 May - 8 June, 2003): Applied Algebra, Cryptography and Information Technology.

Behaviour Analysis of Multi-Detailed Representation of Spatial and Cartographic Objects, Proceedings of the 20th International Cartographic Conference, ICA/ACI, Beijing, China, 2001

Transition of Spatial Communication in Papua New Guinea, Proceedings of the 20th International Cartographic Conference, ICA/ACI, Beijing, China, 2001, (with T. Ningal)

Web Site Mapping for Cartographic Education in Papua New Guinea, Proceedings of the 3rd Huon Seminar, Unitech, Lae, Papua New, Guinea, 2000 (with T. Ningal) -7 p.

Case study of application geo-information technology for management of regional transportation system, Computational Technologies magazine, Volume 5, Special Issue, 2000 – 10 p.

Application of Method of Object-Oriented Analysis for Multi-Detailed Representation of Cartographic Data, Proceedings of the 19th International Cartographic Conference, ICA/ACI, Ottawa, Canada, 1999 (with A. Khorev) -8 p.



(a) SURNAME: Khemelevsky FORENAMES Youry

(b) DATE OF BIRTH: NATIONALITY: (c) DEGREES, DIPLOMAS etc. (subject, class, university and dates): 1988-1991

Ph.D. Postgraduate Study in Computing Science, Computer Science and Computation Engineering School, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Kiev, Ukraine. 1981-87 Master Degree (with honor, GPA: 4.98/5.00), Automatics and Telemechanics Department, School of Computer Science and Computation Engineering, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Kiev, Ukraine.

(d) CURRENT POST (with dates): Title: Senior Lecturer Department: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,

Institution: the University of the South Pacific (USP), P.O. Box 1168, Suva, Fiji Islands

Date of appointment and if appropriate, expected termination: 2001 - current


10/2001 – Present Senior Lecturer, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji (http://www.usp.ac.fj). 1998 - 2001 Head of Information Technology Department, International Renaissance Foundation (USA George Soros’ Foundation branch – http://www.soros.org) and Associate Professor of Computer Science at the University of “Kiev Mohyla Academy”, Kiev, Ukraine. 1993 – 1998 Associate Professor of Computer Science Department, Head of Information and Computer Center at the University of "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy" (http://www.ukma.kyiv.ua), Kiev, Ukraine.



RESEARCHER’S UNDERTAKEN

(no more than ten which you consider to be the most important. Please give details of funding agency, completion time, name of team members if applicable, and any publications, etc.) 2002 / now

Integration GIS and Oracle Internet Portal: case study for Distance Education. Research Project, SSED, GIS Unit, Geography Department, and Department of Mathematic & Computing Science. The University of the South Pacific Suva, Fiji Position: Principal Co-Researcher.

2001 / 2002 Regional Knowledgebase project. The University of the South Pacific Suva, Fiji. Position: Consultant

2001 E-Commerce Portal based on Oracle 8i, Oracle WebDB. Position: Database Architect

2000 / 2001 Web-site of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine under support of the International Renaissance Foundation, Delegation of the European Commission in Ukraine, European Center of Co-operation in Education, British Council, Embassy of Austria in Ukraine and UNDP: Oracle 8i, Oracle Designer 2000, Oracle WebDB, Sun Solaris. Position: Database Architect & DBA.

2000 / 2001 IRF’s Grant Management System: Public Evaluation of IRF Projects through Internet based on e-commerce technology, integration with Project Management System and Financial System SunSystems. (ORACLE 8.0.5. and Application Server 4.x & WebDB, MS SQL 7.0). Database Architect, Developer.

1999 / 2000 Design and programming of "Public Evaluation of IRF Projects through Internet" project database. Environment: Oracle 8i, Oracle Designer 2000, Oracle Application Server 4.x, SUN Solaris, PL/SQL, SQL, HTML. Position: Database Architect, Developer & DBA.

1998 / 1999 WEB-site design and implementation of the International Renaissance Foundation http://www.irf.kiev.ua/eng/. Environment: Oracle 8i, Oracle Designer 2000, Oracle WEBDB, Apache, Linux, Sun Solaris, HTML, Oracle AS 4.2. Position: Database Architect & DBA.

1998 / 1999 Law Documents Database for the "Institute of Legislative Issues" http://www.legality.Kiev.ua. Ukrainian laws, parliamentary, Ukrainian political parties, comments of the experts to the laws and legislative issues for parliamentary sessions. Environment: Oracle 8I, WebDB, Sun Solaris, Oracle Designer 2000, PL/SQL, Java Scripts. Position: Database Architect & DBA.

1998 / 1999 IRF Network and Servers Reengineering. Organized 64 Kbit/sec digital Internet connection, 10 and 100 MBit/sec connection between offices and remote access to all information resources. Reengineering security and storage systems. Lead of the project, system analyst.



RECENT PUBLICATIONS (no more than ten which should be those you consider to be the most important and relevant to this application. Please give citation in full, including title of paper and all authors.)

1. Khmelevsky, Y.M., Govorov, M. “Some Security Solutions for GIS and RDBMS

systems”, accepted by USP 2003 Conference (31 May - 8 June, 2003): Applied Algebra, Cryptography and Information Technology.

2. Khmelevsky, Y.M., “Information System Improvement Trough Transition to N-Tier Architecture for Academic and for Non-For-Profit Organizations”, accepted by "Americas Conference on Information Systems", August 4-6, Tampa, Florida, USA, 2003.

3. Khmelevsky, Y.M. “Non-for-Profit and Academic Information Systems: A Case Study in Information System Reengineering”, accepted by “2003 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND ENGINEERING”, Wyndham Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 20/07/2003 to 25/07/2003.

4. Khmelevsky, Y.M., “Information Systems Transition to N-Tier Architecture for Academic and for Non-For-Profit Organizations”, submitted to The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, USP, Suva, Fiji Islands, 2003.

5. Govorov, M., Khmelevsky, Y.M., Ustymenko, V.A. “Network Security Issues for Spatial Warehouses”, accepted by GIS International Conference, South Africa, August 2003.

6. Ustymenko, V.A., Khmelevsky, Y.M., “Walks on graphs as symmetric or asymmetric tools to encrypt data”, The South Pacific Journal of Natural Science, USP, Suva, Fiji Islands, 2002, Vol. 20, pp. 34 – 44., (http://www.usp.ac.fj/spjns/).

7. Khmelevsky, Y.M., “Organizational problems of University Management Information Systems”, proceeding in UKMA’s International Conference Journal, UKMA, Kyiv, Ukraine, 1998, p. 87.

8. Khmelevsky, Y.M., “Management Information Systems for Colleges and Universities”; proceeding in UKMA’s International Conference Journal, UKMA, Kyiv, Ukraine, 1998, p. 43.



(a) SURNAME: Lartigou FORENAMES Fabrice

(b) DATE OF BIRTH: 23.10.1974 NATIONALITY: French (c) DEGREES, DIPLOMAS etc. (subject, class, university and dates): 2000

GIS and geography techniques certificate. Private school of Geographical and Environment Techniques, EPTEGE, Toulouse, France. 1997 / 1998 Geography Masters (with excellence distinction), University of La Rochelle and Human Sciences’ faculty of Reunion’s Island, Indian Ocean, France. Thesis on “Cultural and tourist space in highlands on a tropical island”.

(d) CURRENT POST (with dates): Title: Assistant Lecturer Department: Geography

Institution: the University of the South Pacific (USP), P.O. Box 1168, Suva, Fiji Islands

Date of appointment and if appropriate, expected termination: 2002


2002 / present Assistant Lecturer. GIS Unit, SSED department, University of The South Pacific. French Foreign. Office International Volunteer, French Embassy, Suva, FIJI islands. 2001 / 2002 Assistant Lecturer. GIS professional BA. Department of geography and cartography. Languages, Arts and Human Sciences’ Faculty, University of La Rochelle, France. 2001/02 GIS and Map-Design Manager. “Wetlands Union of Charente-Maritime” (UNIMA). Setting up a GIS for hydraulic observation. Locating and enquiring hydraulic network, lock waters’ canals with digital orthophoto and spatial topographic databases. In collaboration with the French National Environment Department (DIREN), National Equipment Department (DDE), National Forest and Agriculture Department (DDAF), National Sea ‘s Research Institute (IFREMER)…

RESEARCHER’S UNDERTAKEN

2003 / now Interactive Pacific Islands’ Web GIS Atlas, GIS Unit, University of the South Pacific, USP Research Grant. (Intergraph Geomedia WebMap 5.1). FIJI islands.