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Appendix I
Classical Ayurvedic References
Charaka, Sushruta and Vagabhatta composed three Samhitaas, collectively known as Brihatrayee. These trea tises belonged to the period till the 7th century.Thereafter, in the medieval period from the 8th to 16th century, a number of Nigh antus were composed. During the medieval period, Maadhava Nidaana,Shaarangadhara Samhitaa and Bhaavaprakaasha were collectively known as Laghutrayee.
Ayurveda SaukhyamAshtaanga HridayaAshtaanga NighantuAshtaanga SangrahaBhaavaprakaashaBangasenaBhaishajya RatnaavaliBhela SamhitaaChakrapaani/ChakradattaCharaka SamhitaaDalhanDhanvantari NighantuGadanigrahaHaar ita SamhitaaKaashyapa SamhitaaKaiyadeva NighanuMaadhava Dravyaguna (Nighantu)Madanpaal NighantuNighantu RatnaakaraNighantu SangrahaRaaja MaarttandaRaaja NighantuRajavallabha NighantuShaarangadhara SamhitaaShaaligaraama NighantuSahasrayogaShodhala NighantuSiddha-bheshaja-manimaalaaSushruta SamhitaaVagabhatta I, IIIVaidya ManoramaaVrindamaadhavaYogaRatnaakara
16th century AD7th century AD8th century AD6th century AD16th century AD18th century AD17th century ADPrior to 7th century BC11th century AD1000 BC12th century ADPrior to 13th century AD12th century ADPrior to 7th century BCPrior to 7th century BC1450ADPrioir to 12th century AD1374 AD1837AD1748ADl Ith century AD14th century AD17th century AD13th century AD1896AD4th century AD12th century AD18th century AD1000 BC6th, 7th century AD13th century AD8th century AD16th century AD
Appendix 11
Acknowledgements
This encyclopedic work on Indian medicinalplants and herbal remedies is the outcome of literary researchbasedon the materialdrawnfrom thefollowing sources, and references cited therein:
American Botanical Council, P.O.Box 144345, Austin TX 78714-4345. www.herbalgram.orgComplete German Commission E Monograph. 1998.Ed. Mark Blumenthal et al.
Herbal Medicine-Expanded Commission E Monographs. 2000. Eds. Blumenthal, Goldberg, Brinckmann.
Basic Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Export Promotion Council, Mumbai. (CHEMEXCIL).Selected Medicinal Plants of India. 1992.
Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha (CCRAS), 61-65, Institutional Area, [anak Puri, NewDelhi-nooss.
Pharmacognosy of Indigenous Drugs, Vol I,ll, Ill. 1999.Pharmacological Investigations of Certain Medicinal Plants and Compound Formulations Used In
Ayurvedaand Siddha. 1996.Pharmacopoeial Standards of Ayurvedic Formulations. 1987.Phytochemical Investigations of Certain Medicinal Plants Used in Ayurveda. 1990.Sahasrayoga (Sanskrit-Hindi translation of Malayalam text). 1990.Effect ofVaruna (Crataeva nurvala) in Enclarged Prostrate and Associated Urinary Disorders. 1987.A Check-list of SanskritMedical Manuscripts in India. 1972.Research in Ayurvedaand Siddha-Bibliography ofCCRASContribution (1969-1997). 1999.Researach papers presented during a seminar on Research Achievements of Ayurveda, Oct. 1999.Annual Reports, survey reports, and unpublished research papers. Personal communication with ResearchOfficers.Journal of Research in Ayurveda& Siddha,bi-annual journal. 1990-2002 issues.
Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, 61-65,Institutional Area, [anak Puri, New Delhi-noojs.Standardization of Single Drugs in Unani Medicine, Part 1,2,3.1997.Report of the workshop on Standardization of Unani Drugs. 1995. Annual Reports, survey reports, andunpublished research papers. Personal communication with Research Officers.
Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow and NISCOM ,Dr KSKrishnan Marg, New Delhl-noorz.Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants, VOI1-5. 1960-1994. Ed. Ram P Rastogi .
Central Institute of Medicinal &Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Ram Sagar Misra Nagar, Lucknow-226016.Dictionary of Indian Medicinal Plants. 1992.Eds. Akhtar Husain et al.
498 Appendix II
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), National Institute of Science Communication (NISCOM),Dr KS Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-1100l2.
Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, RN Chopra et al. 1956.Supplement to Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, RN Chopra et al. 1968.SecondSupplementto Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants with Active Principles, Part 1 (A-K) LV Asolkaret al. 1992.The Wealth of India, Vol I-XI. Revised editions I, 2,3. First supplement series 1-4. 2000-2003.Medicinal & Aromatic PlantAbstracts (MAPA). Bi-monthly journal. 1990-2002 issues.
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ring Road, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029.MedicinalPlants of India,Vol t, 2.1976,1987. Ed. GV Satyavati et al. (Revised editions in Press.)
Indian Drug Manufacturers' Association, Mumbai 400018, and Regional Research Laboratory, CSIR,[ammuTawi.
Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia,Vol i , 2.1998,1999.Eds. SS Handa et al.
Indian Medical Practitioners Cooperative Pharmacy & Stores Ltd (IMPCOPS), Lattice Bridge Road,Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai-eoooai.Formulary of Ayurvedic Medicine.Formulary of Unani Medicine.Formulary of SiddhaMedicine.
Indian National Science Academy (INSA), Indian National Commission for History of Science, BahadurshahZafar Marg, New Delhi-110002.Charaka Samhita, A Scientific Synopsis. 1980. P Ray and HN Gupta.Current Research in Pharmacology in India. 1984.Ed. BN Dhawan.Current Research in Pharmacology in India. 1984.Eds. PK Das and BN Dhawan .SushrutaSamhita,A ScientificSynopsis.1993. PRay, BN Gupta and M Roy.
Institute of History of Medicine & Medical Research, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062.Hamdard NationalFoundation, Hamdard Building, Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi-110002.Research and Development of Indigenous Drugs. 1989.Eds. PC Dandiya and SBVohora. Out of Print.A Surveyof Drugs, with ParticularReference to Arab(Unani) Medicineand Ayurveda.Second rev. ed. 1961.
(Out of Print.) (Critical appraisal in Oct-Dec 1992 issue of The Journal of Research and Education inIndian Medicine, Varanasi 221005, by MAli, Iamia Hamdard University, New Delhi-nooez.)
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Deptt of Health, Government of India, New Delhi-nooor.TheAyurvedic Formulary of India, Part 1.
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India,Part I, Vol I, n.NationalFormulary of Unani Medicine.
National Academy of Ayurveda (NAA)-Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapith. (An autonomus organization underMinistry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India), Dhanvantari Bhavan, Road 66, Punjabi Bagh,New Delhi-110026.
Medicinal Plants Used in Ayurveda. 1998.Plants of BhavaPrakasha. 1999.Plants of Sharangdhara Samhita. 1999.
Society for New Age Herbals, B-ll211,[anak Puri, New Delhi-uoossIndian Herbal Therapies-Applications of Research Findings. 2003, second revised edn . CP Khare . VishvVijay Pvt. Ltd, M-l2, Connaught Circus, New Delhi-uoooi,
Acknowledgements 499
World Health Organization.Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, VOl1,2. 1999, 2003.Adverse Effects of Herbal Drugs 1,1991. Eds. De Smet et al. Springer-Verlag.
Chandraraj Bhandari: Vanaushadhi Chandrodaya (Hindi), Vol.1,2.1986.Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan,Gopal Mandir lane, Varanasi-221001.
William Boericke: Homeopathic Materia Medica. B lain Publishers Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-noosz.Francis Brinker: The Toxicology of Botanical Medicine. 2000. Herb Contraindications and DrugInteractions.
2001. Eclectic Medical Publications, Sandy, Oregon 97055.Donald J Brown: Herbal Prescriptions for BetterHealth. 1996.Prima Publishing, P.O.Box 1260 BK,Rocklin, CA-
95677- www.primahealth.comKitty Campion: The Family Herbal. 1988.Leopard Books, Random House, London SW1V 2SA.Michael Castleman: The Healing Herbs. 1995. Bantam Books, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY-n036.Andrew Chevallier: The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. 1996. Dorling Kindersley, 9 Henrietta Street,
London WC 2E 8PS.RN Chopra et al: Indigenous Drugs of India. 1958. Academic Publishers, 12/lA Bankim Chatterjee Street,
Kolkata-700073.JH Clarke: A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica, VOI1-3. 1900. Reprint 1996. B lain Publishers Pvt. Ltd,
New Delhi-noosz,Nicholas Culpeper: Complete Herbal. 1653. Reprint 1995. Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Cumberland House, Cribb
Street, Ware, Hertfordshire, SG12 9ET.Bhagwan Dash and Lalitesh Kashyap: Materia Medica of Ayurveda, based on Ayurveda Saukhyam of
Todaraananda (ieth Cent. AD). 1987. Concept Publishing Company, H-13,Bali Nagar, New Delhi-nooiy,Steven Foster and VE Tyler: Tyler's Honest Herbal. 2000. Haworth Herbal Press, 10 Alice Street, Binghamton,
NY-13904-1580.Steven Foster and Yue Chongxi: Herbal Emissaries, Bringing Chinese Herbs to the West. 1992. Healing Arts
Press, Rochester, Vermont. USA.John Gerard: Historie of Plants. 1927. Reprint 1998. Tiger Books International PLC, 26A York Street,
Twickenham, Middlesex, TWI 3LJ,UK.Das Govind: Bhaishajya Ratnawali (Hindi). Ed. Vaidya Lalchandra. 1988.Motilal Banarasi Das, Delhi-uooozM Grieve: A Modern Herbal. 1973. Reprint 1994. Ed. Hilda Leyel.Tiger Books International, London.Barbara Griggs: New Green Pharmacy. 1997. Vermillion, Random House UK Ltd, London SW1V 2 SA.John Heinerman: Encyclopedia of Healing Herbs and Spices. 1996. Parker Publishing Company, West Nyack,
NY-10995·David Hoffmann: Complete Herbal. 1996.Element Books Inc., 160 North Washington Street, Boston MA-02n4.
An Elder's Herbal. 1993 The Herbal Handbook. 1998.Healing Arts Press, Rochester, Vermont. USA.SG [oshir Medicinal Plants. 2000. Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd, 66 Ianpath, New Delhi-noooi.CP Khare: Indian Herbal Therapies-Application of Research Findings. Second revised edn. 2003. Vishv Vijay
Pvt. Ltd, M-12,Connaught Circus, New Delhi-uoooi.Robyn Landis, Khalsa Karta Purkh Singh: Herbal Defence. 1997. Warner Books, 1271 Avenue of Americas, New
York, NY-10020.Michael McGuffin et al: Botanical SafetyHandbook. 1997. CRC Press, Baca Raton, Florida 3343.Gale Maleskey and the Editors of Prevention Health Books: Nature's Medicines, The Guide to Health
Supplements. 1999. Rodale Press Inc., Emmaus, Pennsylvania. www.healthyideas.comMedical Economics Company: PDR for Herbal Medicines (Physicians' Desk Reference). 1999-2000. Montvale,
NJ 07645-1742. (Phytopharm Consultancy Institute for Phytopharmaceuticals, Olafstr. 6, D-13467, Berlin,Germany, can be contacted over www.phytonet.com)
Lucinda G Miller et al: Herbal Medicinals: A Clinician's Guide. 1998. Pharmaceutical Products Press, TheHaworth Press Inc. New York.
Simon Y Mills: The Complete Guide to Modern Herbalism. 1994. Thorsons, Harper Collins, 77-78 FulhamPalace Road, Hammersmith, London W6 8JB.
500 Appendix II
The Essential Book of Herbal Medicine. 1993. (First published under the title "Out of Earth" by VikingArkana.) Penguin Books Ltd, London W8 5TZ.
Sheriff Moodeen: A Catalogue of Indian Synonymes of the Medicinal Plants. 1869. Reprint 1988. PeriodicalExpert Book Agency, New Delhi-noojz.
Daniel B Mowrey: Herbal Tonic Therapies: 1993. Wing Books, Random House, Value Publishing Inc., NewJersey-07001.
Michael T Murrey: The Healing Power of Herbs.1995. Prima Publishing, P.O. Box 1260 BK, Rocklin , CA 95677www.primahealth.com
MichaeI T Murrey and Ioseph Pizzorno: Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine. Rev. edition. 1998. PrimaPublishing, CA 95677-
KM Nadkarni: Indian Materia Medica, Vol 1, 2. Rev. edition. 1954. Popular Prakashan, 35 C, Tardeo Road,Mumbai-400034.
Penelope Ody: The Complete Medicinal Herbal. 1997. Dorling Kindersley, 9 Henrietta Street, London WC 2E8PS.Handbook of Over-the-Counter Herbal Medicines. 1996. Kyle Cathie Ltd, 20 Vauxhall Bride Road, LondonSW1V 2SA.
Steven G Ottariano: MedicinalHerbal Therapy, A Pharmacist's Viewpoint. 1999. Nicolin Fields Publishing Inc.,2456 Lafayette Road , Portsmouth, NH 03801.
Miriam Polunin and Christopher Robbins: TheNaturalPharmacy. 1992.Collier Books, Macmillan PublishingCompany, 866 Third Avenue, New York, NY-10022.
Daniel Reid: A Handbook of Chinese Healing Herbs. 1995.Simon & Schuster, West Garden Place, Kendal St,London W2 2AQ.
Iames E Robbers and VE Tyler: Tyler's Herbs of Choice. 2000 . The Haworth Herbal Press, 10 Alice Street,Binghamton, NY 13904-1580.
V Schulz, R Hansel, VE Tyler: RationalPhytotherapy, A Physicians'Guide to Herbal Medicine. Fourth edition.2001. Springer-Verlag, Berlin /Heidelberg.
PV Sharma: Dravya Guna Vijnaana (Hindi), VOl1, 2.1986.Vo15, 1998. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, GopalMandir Lane, Varanasi-zzrooi.Classical Uses of Medicinal Plants. 1996. Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Gopal Mandir Lane,Varanasi -zzroor,Dalhan and his Comments on Drugs. 1982. Munshiram Manoharlal, Rani Ihansi Road, New Delhi-nooys.
Daljit Singh: Unani Dravyagunaadarsh (Hindi), Vol 2. 1974. Ayurvedic- Tibbi Academy, Uttar Pradesh,Lucknow-226001.Unani Siddha Yoga Samgraha (Hindi). 1998. Shri Baidyanath Ayurveda Bhawan Ltd, Naini, Allahabad. UP.
Ramsushil Singh: Vanoshadhi Nidarshikaa (Hindi).1983. Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan, M.G.Marg, Lucknow226001.
VV Sivarajan and Balachandran: AyurvedicDrugs and their PlantSources. 1994. Oxford & IBH Publishing CoPvt. Ltd, 66 Ianpath, New Delhi-noooi.
GA Stuart: ChineseMateriaMedica.1911. Probsthian & Co, 41 Gt. Russell St., London WCl.Maya Ram UniyaI: Prayogatmak Abhinava Dravyaguna Vigyanam (Hindi). 1999. Shri Baidyanath Ayurveda
Bhavan Ltd, Patna-800001.RC Wren: Potters' Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations. 1941. Reprint 1988. Potter & Clarke Ltd,
60-64 Artillery Lane, London E; CW Daniel , Saffron Walden, Essex, UK.
Appendix III
Dosage
Dosage ofplant juice, powderofplant parts, decoction and paste ofthe herb has been quoted as recommended by the Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha,New Delhi, Dr Priya Vrata Sharma in DravyaGuna Vijnaana, Vol II, and HakeemDaljit Singh in UnaniDravyagunaadarsha.
For (suggested) dosage of dry extract, soft extract, liquid extrac t, decoction, infusion, powder and syrup,Herbal DrugIndustry, Chief Editor: RD Chaudhary, Eastern Publishers, Greater Kailash II (Masjid Moth) ,NewDelhi 110048, 1998, should be consulted. 195 plants have been covered.
In Indian Herbal Pharmacopoeia, jointly published by Regional Research Laboratory, CSIR, Iammu-Tawi andIndian Drug Manufacturers' Association, Mumbai, suggested dosage is based on the following sou rces:
AyurvedicPharmacopoeia of India. 1989. Ministry of Health , Government of India, New Delhi-llOOO1.British Herbal Compendium. 1993. British Herbal Medicine Association.Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants. 1990.Kapoor LD, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton , Florida.HerbalMedicines. 1996.CA Nowall et al, The Pharmaceutical Press, London.Pharmaceutical Basis of Therapeutics. 1996.Goodman and Gilman. McGraw Hill, New York.Pharmacopoeia of India. 1996. Ministry of Health, Government of India, New Delhi-I 10001.Physicians Desk Reference (PDR). 1991.Standard of Asian Herbal Medicine, Vol l. 1993.Jakarta.
Information regarding the active life span of the herb after collection, called veeryakaalaavadhi, has beenincorporated in Vanoshadhi Nidarshikaa, Ramsush il Singh, but the same has not been quoted. It is not thateasy to predict shelf-life of a herb. Apart from protection against physical and chemical changes, the preservation against the insects or mould attack is also important. Most of the herbs need to be preserved at temperature between 1-5 degrees C. to prevent microbial growth. Details are available in Quality ControlMethods for Medicinal Plant Materials, published by the World Health Organization, Geneva.
Appendix IV
Medicinal Plants Gardens and Herbariums
The fountainhead of information on medicinal plants is the Iawahar Lal Nehru Ayurvedic Plants Garden andHerbarium, Pune. The garden was taken over by the Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha(CCRAS) in 1978, and was restructured with an aim of collecting and cultivating medicinal plants, to carryout research on plant drugs, and to facilitate their proper identification and standardization.
Following medicinal plants are represented in the garden:
Abrus precatoriusAcacia catechuAcacia niloticaAcalypha indicaAchyranthes asperaAdansonia digitataAdhatoda zeylanicaAilanthus excelsaAlbizia proceraAlstonia scholarisAndrographis paniculataAphanamixis polystachyaArgyreia nervosaArtabotrys hexapetalusArtocarpus lakuchaAsparagus adscendensAzadirachta indicaBalanites aegyptiacaBauhinia purpureaBauhinia tomentosaBerberis lyciumBixa orellanaBoerhavia diffusaBoswellia serrataBuchananialanzanButea monospermaCaesalpinia pulcherrimaCalotropis proceraCapparis zeylanicaCarica papayaCarvia callosa
Abutilon indicumAcacia leucophloeaAcacia sinuataAchras zapotaAcorus calamusAdenanthera pavoniaAegle marmelosAlbizia lebbeckAloe barbadensisAnagalis arvensisAnnona squamosaArgemone mexicanaArisotolochia indicaArtemisia nilagaricaArtrocarpus heterophyllusAsparagus racemosusBacopa monnieriBasella albaBauhinia racemosaBerberis aristataBiophytum sensitivumBlumea laceraBombax ceibaBryonopsis laciniosaBursera penicillataCaesalpinia bonducCalotropis giganteaCanna orientalisCardiospermum halicacabumCarissa congestaCaryota urens
504 Appendix IV
Cassia auriculataCassia sopheraCassia toraCatharanthus roseusCatunaregam uliginosaCelastrus paniculatusChenopodium ambrosioidesCinnamomum tamalaCissus quadrangularisClematis gourianaClematis trilobaClerodendrum serratumCoccinia grandisCocos nuciferaCommelina benghalensisCommiphora wightiiCorchorus trilocularisCostus speciosusCrotalaria junceaCurcuma aromaticaCymbopogon citratusCynodon dactylonDalbergia lanceolariaDalbergia sissooDendrophthoe falcataDigera muricataDioscorea esculentaDioscorea oppositifoliaDiospyros peregrinaDregea volubilisEc1iptaprostataEnicostemma axillareErythrina suberosaEucalyptusEuphorbia thymifoliaEvolvulus alsinoidesFicus caricaFicus racemosaFlacourtia indicaGardenia resin iferaGlossocardia bosvalliaGmelina arboreaGrewia asiaticaGymnema sylvestreHelicteres isoraHeterophragma quadriloculareHibicus cannabinusHiptage benghalensisHoloptelea intergrifoliaHyptis suaveolensIndigofera linifoliaIpomoea indica
Cassia fistulaCassia surattensisCasuarina equisetifoliaCatunaregam spino saCayretia carnosaCentella asiaticaCicca acidaCissampelos var. hirsutaCitrus aurantifoliaClematis hedysarifoliaClerodendrum multiflorumClitoria ternateaCocculus hirsutusColeus amboinicusCommiphora agallochaCorallocarpus epigaeusCordia dichotomaCrateva magnaCryptolepis buchananiCurcuma longaCymbopogon martiniiCyperus rotundusDalbergia latifoliaDatura metelDesmodium ganget icumDioscorea bulbiferaDioscorea hispidaDiospyros montanaDodonaea viscosaEchinops echinatusEmblica officinalisErvatamia coronariaErythrina variegataEuphorbia hirtaEuphorbia tirucalliiFicus benghalensisFicus hispidaFicus religiosaGarcinia indicaGloriosa superbaGlycyrrhiza glabraGossypium spp.Grewia tenaxHaematoxylon campechianumHemidesmus indi cusHibiscus abelmoschusHibiscus rosa-sinensisHolarrhena antidysentericaHomonoia ripariaIndigofera glandulo saIndigofera triataIpomoea obscura
Ipomoea pescaprae[asminum humileIasminum officinaleJatropha curcasJatropha nanaKaempferia rotundaLantana camaraLawsonia inermisLeptadenia reticulataMadhuca longifoliaMangifera indicaMartynia annuaMesua ferreaMinosa pudicaMirabilis jalapaMorus albaMukia maderaspatanaMurraya koenigiiNerium indicumNyctanthes arbor-tristisOcimum gratissimumOroxylum indicumPaederia foetidaPassiflora edulisPhyla nodifloraPiper betelPiper nigrumPlumbago zeylanicaPogostemon parviflorusPongamia pinnataPsoralea corylifoliaPterocarpus santalinusPunica granatumRauvolfia serpentinaRicinus communisRuta graveolensSantalum albumSaraca asocaScirpus kysoorSemecarpus anacardiumSida acutaSolanum surattenseSonchus asperSpilanthes acmellaStenolobium stansStereospermum suaveolensSyzygium cuminiTectona grandisTerminalia arjunaTerminalia chebulaTinospora cordifoliaTrichodesma indicum
Medicinal Plants Gardens and Herbariums 505
Ixora coccinea[asrninum multiflorumIasminum sambacJatropha gossypifoliaKaempferia galangaKalanchoe pinnataLavandula bipinnataLepidagathis crisataLimonia acidissimaMadhuca longifolia var.latifoliaManihot esculentaMelia azedarachMichelia champacaMimusops elengiMoringa oleiferaMucuna pruriensMuntinga calaburaMusa paradisiacaNotonia grandifloraOcimum sanctumOperculina turpethumOxalis corniculataPandanus tectoriusPhoenix sylvestrisPhyllanthus fraternusPiper longumPithecellobium dukePlumeria rubraPolyalthia longifoliaPsidium guajavaPterocarpus marsupiumPterospermum acerifoliumQuamoc1it pennataRhynchosia minimaRosa centifoliaSaccharum spontaneumSapindus trifoliatusSarcostemma acidumSecurinega leucopyrusSesbania sesbanSolanum nigrumSolanum violaceumSopubia delphinifoliaStachytarpheta jamaicensis var. indicaSterculia foetidaStriga gesneroidesTamarindus indicusTephrosia purpureaTerminalia belliricaThevetia peruvianaTribulus terrestrisTylophora indica
506 Appendix IV
Typha australisVernonia cinereaVigna trilobataVitex negundoWoodfordia fruticosa
Valeriana wallichiVetiveria zizanioidesViola serpensWithania somniferaWrightia tinctoria
Plants, grown on a mass-scale in the Regional Research Centre , [hansi, UP., managed by CCRAS, includeAbroma augusta, Aloe barbadensis, Asparagus racemosus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Psoralia corylifolia, Rauvolfiaserpentina, Uraria picta. Ledgerised medicinal plants, ment ioned in Ayurvedic Formulary of India Part I, arealso displayed in the Centre.
Rajasthan and Gujarat are two main Guggul (Commiphora wightii gum) producing states in India. Guggulherbal farm, Mangaliwas, near Ajmer in Rajasthan, is devoted to Guggul cultivation and propagation on alarge scale.
In the Medicinal Plants Garden at Ranikhet, about 200 species are being maintained. Saffron Exper imentalResearch Farm is situated in a western slope of Ranikhet.
Surveys on a state or regional basis and compilations on various plant sources of herbal drugs are availablefrom CCRAS and CCRUM, [awahar Lal Nehru Anusandhan Bhavan, Inst itutional Area, opp. D-Block, IanakPuri , New Delhi-l10058.
A Medico-ethno-botanical survey programme is being carried out by the Medicinal Plants Units of CCRAS,functioning at five centres, or zones, located at Bangalore, Guwahati , Ihansi, Tarikhet and Pune . The surveyparty, a botanist, an Ayurvedist, a research assistant and other staff conducts survey tours almost all over thecountry, st retching from the Himalayas to the Kanyakum ari in the South and from Gujarat to Kolkata in theEast, besides covering the Andman and Nicobar and Lakshdeep Islands. It has covered 22 states and over 300forest divisions of the country and collected over one lakh plant specimens which are housed in 18 RegionalHerbariums and in the Central Herbarium and Museum. Some special survey tour programmes have alsobeen conducted in the rich forest areas and tribal pockets to unearth the valuable data on the usage of medicinal plants by the tribes in various inaccessible forest areas. These areas include the Leh-Ladakh, Sikkim,Arunachal Pradesh, Khasia and Garo Hills, South Mirzapur, Panchmarhi, Amarkantak, Chitrakoot, Bastar,Nilgiris, Silent Valley, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Botanical Survey of India at P-8 Brabourne Road, Kolkata-700001, maintains the Central National Herbariumand Indian Botanic Garden at Kolkata. A directory of Botanical Gardens and Parks of India was published byBSI (1990).
National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow, UP., is maintaining a well laid out botanical gardenand a rich herbarium of plant specimens (totalling 2000 taxa) , properly identified and classified .
The Botany section of the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow,UP., contains specimen s of about5000 species of medicinal plants.
Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR),Bhubaneshwar-75IQ13, Orissa, is maintaining a herbarium which houses 7000 specimens from the Orissa region.
Many medicinal plants used in South India are being cultivated in the Herbal Garden of Arya Vaidyasala,Kottakkal -676503,Kerala.
Tamil Nadu Farms and Herbal Medicine Corporation Ltd., Arumbakkarn, Chennai-600IQ6, takes up cultivation of herbal plants comm ercially required for the production of herbal drugs.
Appendix V
Indian Systems ofMedicine Research and Training Centres in India
Institute ofPost-Graduate Training and Research in AyurvedaThe Institute was established by the Government of India at Gujarat Ayurveda University, Iamnagar, in 1956.Being an old and reputed institute, it holds a prestigious status of excellence in Ayurveda. It has produced anumber of scholars who served and are serving the country through their expertise in Ayurveda. Institutesfrom countries like Japan, Italy, the Netherlands, Australia, Argentina, USA and Germany have entered into amemorandum of understanding with this Institute. The Institute has established an International Centre forAyurvedic Studies which conducts a three-year introductory course in Ayurveda for foreign nationals . TheInstitute is well known for collaborative research projects with international organisations. The World HealthOrganisation established a collaborative unit for Indian systems of medicine in the Institute in 1997.TheInstitute conducts post-graduate courses in thirteen specialities of Ayurvedic pharmacy. It has state-of-theart facilities in various specialities of Ayurveda.
Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and SiddhaThe Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha (CCRAS) was established in 1969.It has forty-oneunits functioning all over the country. It is an apex body in India , fully devoted to research with regard tofunctions, coordination, development and promotion of Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine.The research activities of the Council include clinical, drug , literary and family welfare research. As a result ofthese, the Council is successful in the development of various drugs and formulations such as Ayush-64 formalaria, Ayush-56 for epilepsy,Ayush-82 for diabetes mellitus, 777 oil for psoriasis, Poonimiali Chendooramfor leucoderma and Pippalyaadi Yoga as an oral contraceptive. The Council has undertaken a medico-botanical survey and collected more than 120,000 plant specimens and published several monographs and books.It has been successful in obtaining fifteen process patents.
Pharmacopoeiallaboratory for Indian MedicineThe Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian Medicine (PUM) was established in the year 1970as a standardsetting cum drug testing laboratory at the national level for drugs of Indian systems of medicine, Le. theAyurveda, Unani and Siddha systems. About 350 single drugs and 83 compound formulations of Ayurvedahave been worked out, and 158 pharmacopoeial monographs have been published in AyurvedicPharmacopoeia of India part 1 (Vols I and 11). PUM also offers technical aid, advice and services in respectof standardization, testing and analyzing ISM drugs and medicinal plants.
National Institute ofAyurvedaThe National Institute of Ayurveda was established in 1976 in Iaipur, Rajasthan. It is a Government of Indiaestablishment being developed as a state-of-the-art institute in the field of Ayurveda. The Institute is conducting under-graduate as well as post-graduate courses. The post-graduate courses are run in nine branches. Apart from conducting academic courses, the Institute is involved in various research activities. The areas
508 Appendix V
of research include management of diabetes mellitus, vitiligo and other skin diseases, hypercholasteraemiaand mental health . Many short-term research projects have been undertaken by the Institute. The Institutehas a computerized document archive system for the preservation of rare documents and manuscripts. It provides speciality services in orthopaedics, cancer, Yoga and Panchkarma. Besides this, it also has TMT andaudiometry units. The Institute is a regular training centre for reorientation programmes for teachers andphysicians. It has entered into a memorandum of understanding with various drug-manufacturing firms.
Central Council for Research inUnani MedicineThe Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM) was established in March 1978.It has multifaceted research activities in the fields of clinical and drug research, survey, cultivation of medicinal plants,and literary research. Different phases of the clinical trials have been completed on 30 drugs so far. Sevendrugs have been filed for grant of patent rights, while twenty-three drugs are in the process of patentization.Besides developing research drugs, the Council has also undertaken validation trials of twenty-six kit medicines for common ailments . Standardization work on forty-seven compound drugs and thirty-eight singledrugs has been completed. About 5100 plant specimens have been collected, identified, processed and maintained on the herbarium sheets. The Council has recorded more than 1700folklore claims from various tribal and other rural peoples in the course of field studies.
Rashtriya Ayurveda VidyapeethRashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeeth (the National Academy of Ayurveda) (RAV) is an institution under theMinistry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, established in 1988 primarily to promote theknowledge of Ayurveda. The main objective ofVidyapeeth is to preserve the knowledge and skills of patientcare possessed by traditional Vaidyasand eminent Ayurvedic scholars and arrange the transfer of this knowledge to the younger generation through the Indian traditional system of education.To meet this primary objective, the Vidyapeeth runs two types of courses, where the selected students go toappointed Gurus (tradititonal scholars) and study the preferred texts of Ayurveda and acquired clinical acumen. The Institute also holds conferences and seminars every year, accords recognition and felicitation toeminent scholars of Ayurveda as Fellow of RAV for their significant contribution to the promotion ofAyurveda.
The Department ofIndian Systems ofMedicine and HomeopathyA special department under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,Government of India, was establishedin March 1995. The department is functioning for the sole cause of promotion and development of all the systems of Indian medicine through various schemes and projects. Address: Indian Red Cross Building, 1 RedCross Road, New Delhi-I 10001.
Appendix VI
German Commission ERecommendations
Herb/Dru Recommended for conditionAbies
Achillea millefolium
Aesculus hippocastanum
Allium cepa
Allium sativum
Aloe veraAlpinia galanga
Althaea officinalis
Common coldCoughs and bronchitisFevers and coldInflammation of the pharynxMuscular and nerve painsLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsLiver complaintsGallbladder complaintsVenous conditionsChronic venous insufficiencyNocturnal cramps in the calvesPruritus and swellings of the legsLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsCommon coldCoughs and bronchitisFevers and coldsInflammation of the mouth and pharynxHypertensionAtherosclerosisAtherosclerosisElevated levels of lipids in bloodCommon coldCoughs and bronchitisConstipationLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsLiver and gallbladder complaintsCommon coldFevers and coldsCough and bronchitisInflammation of the mouth and pharynxCoughs and bronchitis
510 Appendix VI
Herb/Drug Recommended for conditionAnethum
Angelica (European)
Artemisia
Asparagus officinalis
Atropa
Barringtonia acutangula
Betula
Calendula officinalis
Calendula officinalis
Capsicum annuum
Carum carvi
Cichorium intybus
Cinnamomum camphora
Loss of appetiteLiver and gallbladder complaintsInflammation of pharynxCommon cold, coughBronchitisFevers and coldsLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsMild spasm of gastrointestinal tractLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsLiver and gallbladder complaintsInfections of the urinary tractKidney and bladder stonesArrhythmiaCardiac insufficiency (NYHA I and II)Nervous heart complaintsLiver and gallbladder complaintsCommon coldCoughBronchitisInflammation of the mouth and pharynxFeverDiarrhoeaInfections of the urinary tractKidney and bladder stonesInflammation of the mouth and pharynxWounds and burnsInflammation of the mouth and pharynxWounds and burnsMuscle tensionsRheumatismCommon coldCoughs and bronchitisFevers and coldsInflammation of the mouth and pharynxLiver and gallbladder complaintsLoss of appetiteLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsLiver and gallbladder complaintsCoughs and bronchitisRheumatismHypertensionHypotensionNervous heart complaintsArrhythmiaCardiac insufficiencyNYHA I and 11
German Commission E Recommendations 511
Herb/Drug Recommended for conditionCinnamomum verum
Colchicum autumnale
Coriandrum sativum
CrataegusCucurbita pepo
Curcuma domestica
Elettaria cardamomum
Eucalyptus globulus
Foeniculum
FumariaGentiana lutea
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Hypericum perforatum
Hyssopus officinalis
[uniperus
Lavandula angustifolia
Melilotus officinaIis
Melissa officinalis
Panax ginseng
Loss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsCoughs and bronchitisFevers and coldInflammation of the mouth and pharynxGoutMediterranean feverLoss of appetiteDyspeptic complaintsMild cardiac insufficiency (stage II NYHA)Irritable bladderProstate complaintsLoss of appetiteLiver and gallbladder complaintsLoss of appetiteLiver and gallbladder complaintsCommon coldInflammation of the mouth and pharynxCoughs and bronchitisFevers and coldsCoughs and bronchitisRheumatismCoughBronchitisLiver and gallbladder complaintsDyspeptic complaintsLoss of appetiteCoughs and bronchitisGastritisAnxietyDepressed moodsInflammation of the skinBlunt injuriesWounds and burns (first degree)Fevers and coldsLiver and gallbladder complaintsLoss of appetiteInfection of urinary tractKidney and bladder stonesLoss of appetiteNervousness and insomniaBlunt injuriesHaemorrhoidsVenous conditionsNervous sleeping disorderFunctional gastrointestinal complaintsFatigue and debilityDuring convalescence
512 Appendix VI
Herb/Drug Recommended for conditionPimpinella anisum
Plantago ispaghula
Plantago lanceolata
Raphanus sativus
Salix albaSantalum album
SennaTagetes erecta
Taraxacum officinale
Urginea maritima
Urtica
ValerianaVitex agnus-castus
Zea maysZingiber officinale
Loss of appetiteLiver and gallbladder complaintsCommon coldCough, bronchitisConstipationDiarrhoeaRaised levels of cholesterolCommon coldInflammation of the mouth and pharynxCough, bronchitisFevers and coldsInflammation of the skinLoss of appetiteFevers and coldsCough, bronchitisDiseases accompanied by fever, rhe uma tic ailments, headachesCold, cough, bronchitisFevers and coldsInfections of the urinary tractInflammations of the mouth and pha rynxLiver and gallbladder complaintsConstipat ionInflammation of the oral and pharyngeal mucosaPoor healing woundsUlcus crurisDyspeptic complaintsLiver and gallbladder complaintsDisturbances of bile flowMilder cases of heart insufficiencyReduced kidney capacityRheumatismDiseases of lower urinary trac tKidney stonesPros tate complaintsIrritable bladderRestlessness and sleeping disorders based on nervousnessMenstrual complaintsMastodyniaBPHDyspepsiaMotion sickness
Credits
Picture Credits
ADPS: Drawings by ProfVasudevan Nair, Palghat, Kerala, reproduced from Ayurvedic Drugs and their PlantSources by V.V. Sivarajan and Indira Balachandran. Permission was given by Indira Balachandran.
CCRAS: Reproduced with permission from The Database series (5 volumes), published by the Central Councilfor Research in Ayurveda & Siddha, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine, Government of India, NewDelhi.
WO!:Reproduced with permission from The Wealth ofIndia (13 volumes), published by the National Instituteof Science Communication, Council for Scientific & Industrial Research, Dr KS Krishnan Marg, New Delhi110012.
ZANDU: Permission was granted by the Late Dr KM Parikh, the then Managing Director, ZanduPharmaceuticals, Gokhale Road South, Mumbai-400 025. Reproduced in concurrence with Dr Girish G Parikhand Shri Bhaskar G Parikh.
Roman Spellings
Roman spellings of Ayurvedic synonyms, introduced for the first time by Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeeth(National Academy of Ayurveda), New Delhi-110026, have been followed. Asiatic Society's markings are nowobsolete.
Roman spellings of Siddha synonyms, adopted by Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, NewDelhi, have been followed instead of those incorporated in Siddha Formulary of India.
Index
AAbelmoschus moschatus 247Abies alba 3Abies pectinata 3Abies spectabilis 1
Abies webbiana 1, 144Abroma augus ta 52Abrus pr ecatorius 3Absinthium vulgare 75Abutilon asiaticum 5Abutilon graveolen s 5Abut ilon indicum 5, 423Abut ilon populifolium 5Abutilon tr isulcatum 6Acacia alba 10Acacia arabica 7Acacia catechu 9Acacia decurrens 8Acacia farn esiana 11
Acacia ferruginea 11
Acacia leucophloea 10, 11
Acacia nilotica 8Acacia polycantha 11
Acacia senegal 8, 11
Acacia suma 11
Acalypha ciliata 12
Acalypha indica 12
Achen es 140Achillea millefolium 13Achyr anthes asp era 14Achyranthes bidentat a 15Aconitum bisma 15Aconitum ferox 17Aconitum heterophyllum 15Aconitum napellus 17Aconitu m palmatum 15Acoru s calamus 18Acorus gramineus 18, 21Actiniopteri s radiata 21Adansonia digitata 332Adenanthera pavonina 22Adha toda vasica 23Adhatoda zeylanic a 23Adiantum capillus-veneri s 21,25Adiantum caudatum 21Adiantum incisum 21
Adiantum lunulatum 25Adiantum philippense 25Adina cordifolia 26, 66Aegle marmelos 27. 236Aerva lanata 29. 101
Aesculus hippocastanum 30
African Marigold 439Agaricus albu s 31Agar icus campestris 32, 398Agarwood 69Agati grandiflor a 420Agati Sesban 420Agave americana 33Agave cantala 33Aglaia roxburghian a 118
Ailanthus altissima 35Ailanthus excelsa 34, 340Ailanthus glandulosa 35
Ajmud454Ajowan 453Akakia 7Alangium lam ark ii 35Alangium salvifolium 35Albizia lebbeck 36Aleppo galls 393Alexandrian Laurel 118
Alexandrian Senna 132
Alfalfa 304Alfavaca 101
Alhagi camelorum 37Alhagi pseudalhagi 37Allium ascalonicum 38Allium cepa jc
Allium sativum 40Alocasia indica 42Aloe barbadensis 43Aloe vera 43Aloewood so
Alpi nia galanga 18, 45, 375Alpinia officina ru m 18, 46Alstonia scholaris 46Alternanthera philoxeroides 49
Altern anthera sessilis 48Alternanthera tri andra 48Althaea officinalis 6, 7, 49
Altha ea rosea 7
Altingia excelsa 256, 291Amanita mus caria 399Amanita phalloides 399Amaranthus blitum 52Amaranthus gangeticus 52Amaranthus hypochondriacus 50Amaranthus man gostanu s 52Amaranthus polygamu s 51Amaranthus spinos us 51Amaranthus tricolor 52Ambroma augusta 52American Aloe 33American Ginsen g 349Ammi visnaga 453Amomum subula tum 53Amoor a rohitu ka 67Amorphophallus cam panulatus 54, 55Amorphoph allus dub ius 55Amorp hophallus sylvaticus 55Amygdalus communis 381Anacyclus pyrethrum 55Anana s comos us 56Ananas sativus 56Anatherum zizanioides 468Anchusa strigosa 337Andrographis paniculata 57Andropogon martinii 178Andropogon muricatus 468Andropogon squ arr osus 468Anemone obtusilob a 59Anem one pul satilla 59Anethum graveolens 60Anethum sowa 60Angelica archangelica 61Angelica glauca 62Angelica polymorpha 61Angelica sinens is 61Anise 362Aniseed 362Anogeissus latifolia 64Anth emis nobil is 64Anthocephalus cada mba 66Anthocephalus ch inensis 66Anthocephalus indicus 66Anthriscus cerefolium 283Aphanamixis polystachya 67
516
Apium graveolens 67Aplinia officinarum 18Aquilaria agallocha 69Arabian Jasmine 269Areca catechu 70Arecanut Palm 70Argemone mexicana 71,209Argyreia nervosa 72, 94Argyreia speciosa 72, 94Aristolochia bracteata 73Aristolochia bracteolata 73
Aristolochia indica 74, 398Artabotrys hexapetalus 312Artemisia absinthium 75Artemisia maritima 76Artemisia nilagirica 77Artemisia vulgaris 77Artocarpus lacucha 78Artocarpus lakoocha 78Arundinaria japonica 93Arundo donax 78Arundo mauritanica 79Asafoetida 215Asarbacca 79Asarum 79Asarum europaeum 79Asiatic Cotton 237Asiatic Ginseng 349Asiatic Grewia 238Asiatic Storax 291Asparagus 81Asparagus adscendens 80Asparagus officinalis 81Asparagus racemosus 81Asphodel szAsphodelus fistulosus 82Asphodelus ramosus 83Asphodelus tenuifolius 82Asteracantha longifolia 83Asthma Plant 210Astragalus hamosus 84Astragalus sarcocola 84Atropa acuminata 85Atropa belladonna 85Australian Cow Plant 239Australian Gum Tree 205Axle Wood 64Azadirachta indica 86
Aztec 439
BBabreng 200Babul zBacopa monnieri 89, 139Bael Tree 27Balanites aegyptiaca 90Balanites roxburghii 90Baliospermum montanum 91Balsam Pear 315
Balsamodendron mukul issBalsamodendron myrrha 158Bambusa arundinacea 92Bambusa bambos 92Banana 320Banyan Tree 217Barbados Aloe 43Barleria prionitis 93Barley 252Barringtonia acutangula 94Bassia latifolia 297Bauhinia acuminata 96
Bauhinia purpurea 95, 96Bauhinia racemosa 95, 96Bauhinia tomentosa 96Bauhinia variegata 95
Bay Laurel 279Beebread 105Beetle-killer 152Belliric Myrobalan 448Bengal Kino 113Bengal Quince 27Benincasa cerifera 96Benincasa hispida 96, 169Berberis aristata 97Berberis asiatica 98Berberis Iycium 98Berberis vulgaris 98Bergenia ligulata 30, lOO, 232
Betel 365Betula bhojpattra 101Betula pendula 102Betula utilis 101Betula verrucosa 102Biophytum sensitivum 313Bird Cherry 382Bird's Nest 186
Bishops Weed 453Bitter Apple 148Bitter Bottle Gourd 279Bitter Gourd 315Black Cumin 330Black Mustard 109Black Nightshade 429Black Pepper 369Black Zedoary 175B1epharis edulis 102Blepharis persica 102Blue Gum Tree 205Blue-flowered Glory Tree 152
Blumea lacera 103Boerhavia diffusa 104Boerhavia erecta 104Boerhavia repens 104Bombax ceiba 411Bombax malabaricum 411Bonduc Nut 115Borage 105,337Borago officinalis 105
Borassus flabellifer 106Borassus flabelliformis 106Boswellia floribunda 108Boswellia serrata 108Boswellia thurifera 109Bot Tree 223Bottle Gourd 279Bracieated Birthwort 73Brassica alba 109Brassica campestris 109Brassica juncea 109Brassica napus 109Brassica nigra 109Bridelia retusa 30Bristly Luffa 294Brunella vulgaris 280Bryonia laciniosa 111
Bryonopsis laciniosa 111
Bryophyllum calycinum 30Bryophyllum pinnaturn 112, 276Buchanania lanzan 112Buchanania latifolia 112Buckeye 30Buddhist Bauhinia 95Bulb-bearing Yam 192Bullet Wood 314Butea frondosa 113Butea monosperma 113Butter Tree 297Butterfly Pea 153Butternut 271Button Tree 64
CCaccinia crassifolia 337Caccinia glauca 337Caesalpinia bonduc 115Caesalpinia bonducella 115Caesalpinia crista 115Caesalpinia digyna 115Caesalpinia sappan 388, 413Calamus rotang 410Calendula 116Calendula officinalis 116, 439Callicarpa macrophylla 117Calophyllum inophyllum 118Calosanthes indica 340Calotropis gigantea 120Calotropis pro cera 119
Caltrops 354Camel Thorn 37Camphor Tree 143Candahar Tree 236Cannabis indica 121
Cannabis sativa 121
Cantharellus cibarius 398Caper Berry 124Caper Bush 125
Capparis aphylla 124
Capparis decidu a 124
Capparis sep iaria 124
Capparis spinosa 124
Capsella bursa- pasto ris 125
Capsic um annuum 126
Carave lla 240
Caraway 130
Carica papaya 128
Carilla 315
Carthamus tinctoriu s 129
Carum bulbocastanum 131
Carum carvi 130
Carum copticum 453
Carum roxburghianum 454
Cassia alata 132
Cassia angustifolia 132
Cassia fistula 134
Cassia senna 132
Casto rseed 402
Catechu 9Catechu nigrum 9Catharanthus rosus 469
Catmi nt 308
Catnip 308
Catunarega m spinosa 395
Cayenne 126
Cayrat ia pedata 25
Cedrus deodara 135
Cedrus liban i 135
Celastrus paniculatus 136
Celery 68
Celosia argentea 50, 303
Celosia cristata 50
Centaurea behen 137
Centella asiatica 89, 138
Centrathe rum ant helminthicum 383
Centratheru m anthelmi nticum 139
Century Plant 33
Cephalandra indi ca 155
Ceratop hyllum demersum 140
Ceylon Lead Wort 376
Chariot Tree 343Chau lmoogra odorata 254
Chebulic Myrobalan 449
Chervil 283
Chicory 142
China Root 426
Chinese angelica 62
Chinese Bell-flowers 5Chinese Flower Plant 347
Chinese Ginseng 349
Chinese Peony 348
Chinese Tsao 491
Chir Pine 363Chirata 436
Chiretta 436
Chon emorpha macrophylla 302
Cicer arietinum 141
Cichorium intyb us 142
Cinnamomu m camp hora 143
Cinnamomum cassia 144
Cinnamomum spp. 144
Cinnamomum tamala 2, 3, 144
Cinnamomum verum 144
Cinnam omum wighti 119Cinna mo mum zeylanicum 144
Cissampelos pareira 146
Cissus quad rangularis 147
Citro n 150
Citrullus colocynthis 148
Citrus limon 149
Citrus medica 150
Claviceps purpurea 151
Clearing Nut 434
Cleome gynand ra 240, 419
Clerodendrum infortuna tum 3, 44 4
Clerodendrum phlomidis 380
Cleroden dru m serratum 152
Cleroden drum trichotomu m 153
Clito ria terna tea 153, 160
Clove 206
Cluster Bean 177
Cluster Fig Tree 222
Coccinia cordifolia 155
Coccinia grand is 155
Coccinia ind ica 155
Cockscomb var . 50
Coconut Palm 156
Cocos nucifera 156
Colchicum 157
Colchicum aut umnale 157
Colchicum luteum 157
Coleus amboinicus 30
Coleus aromaticus 30
Colocynth 148
Commi phora mukul issCommiphora myrrha 158
Commiphora wightii 158
Commo n Foxglove 191
Commo n Indian Purslane 379
Commo n Jasmine 267
Commo n Juniper 271
Common lavender 280
Common SI. John's Wor t 257
Common Stinging Nettle 463
Common Tallow Lowrel 291
Common Willow 409
Convolvulus alsinoides 160
Convolvulus microphyllus 160
Convolvulus pluri caulis 160
Coontail iaoCoral Jasmine 332
Coral Wood 23
Cordia dichotoma 161
Coriander 162
Coriand rum sativum 162
Coscinium fenestratum 388, 413
Couch Grass 179
Country Mallow 5, 422
Count ry Ipecacuanh a 458
Cowhage 319
Crane Tree 64
Crataegus crenulata 163
Crataegus oxyacantha 163
Crataegus songarica 163
Crateva mag na 164
Crateva nurvala 164
Creat 58
Cress 286
Crocus sativus 165, 236
Crotalar ia juncea 166
Croto n tiglium 167
Cryptolepis buch ananii 168, 245
Cubebs 366
Cucurbita hispida 169
Cucurbita lagenaria 278
Cucurbita maxima 97, 169
Cucurbi ta moschata 170
Cucurbita pepo 169
Cultivated carrot 186
Cum in 130
Cuminum cyminum 130
Cupameni 12
Curacao Aloe 43
Curculigo orchioides 171
Curcuma amada 174
Curcuma angustifolia 174
Curc uma aromatica 175
Curcuma caesia 172, 175
Curcuma domestica 172
Curcuma longa 172
Curcuma zedoaria 176, 275
Cuscus 468
Cuscuta epi thym um 177
Cuscuta reflexa 177
Cutch 9Cyamo psis psoralioides 177
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba 177
Cymbopogon mar tinii 178
Cynodon dactylon 179
Cyperus esculentus 179
Cyperus rotundus 180
oDaemo norops draco 183
Dalbergia latifolia 184
Dalbergia sissoo 184
Dandelion 443
Dang-quai 62
Daphne mezerum 154
Date 356
Datura alba 185
Datura arbo rea 186
Datura metel issDatura stramonium 185
Datura tatula 186
Daucus carota 186
517
518
Deadly Nightshade 85
Decalepis hemiltonii 245
Delphinium consolida 188
Delphin ium denudatum 187
Delphinium pauciflorum 187
Delphinium zalil iss, 231
Deodar 135
Derris indica 378
Desert Date 91
Desmodium adscenden 190
Desmodium gangeticum 188, 461
Desmodium triflorum 25
Desmostachya bipinnata 190 , 261
Devil's Dung 216
Devil's Cotton 52
Devil's Tree 47
Didymocarpus pedicellata lotDigitalis purpurea 191
Dillenia pentagyna 1I9
Dioscorea batata 192
Dioscorea bulbifera 192
Dioscorea hypoglau ca 193
Dioscorea oppo sita 192
Dioscorea sativa 192
Dioscorea villosa 192
Diospyros embryopteris 193
Diospyro s glutinosa 193
Diospyros malabarica 193
Diospyros montana 193, 433
Diospyros peregrina 193
Diplocyclos palmatus III
Dita-bark Tree 47
Dodder 177
Dodonaea viscosa 375
Dolichandrone falcata 371
Dolichos biflorus 194
Dorema ammoniacum 195
Double chamomile 65
Double Coconu t Palm 293
Downy Datura 185
Dracaena spp . 183
Dracocephalum moldavica 195
Drimia maritima 463
Drumstick 317
Dryopteris filix-rnas 196
Drypet es roxburghii 391
Dwarf Mallow 300
EEaglewood 69
East Indi an Arrowroot 174
East Indi an Dragon 's Blood 183
East Indian Globe Thistle 432
East Indi an Screw Tree 245
Easter Tree 250
Eclipta alba 197
Eclipta pro strata 197
Eiaeocarpus ganitrus 198
Elaeocarpus sphaericus 198
Elecampane 263
Elephant Apple 214
Elephant Creeper 72
Elephant-foot Yam 54
Elephantopus scaber 337
Elettaria cardamomurn 53, 199
Embelia 200
Embelia ribes 200
Emblica officinalis 201
Emetic Nut 395
Emetic Swallow-Wort 458
English chamomile 65
Enicostemma hyssopifolium 203
Enicostemma littorale 203
Eragrostis cynosuroides 190
Ergot 151
Erythrina indica 204
Erythrina variegata 204
Eucalyptus globulu s 205
Eugenia aromatica 206
Eugenia jambolana 207
Euphorbia antiquorum 209
Euphorbia hirta 210
Euphorbia ligular ia 209
Euphorbia neri ifolia 209
Euphorbia nivulia 209
Euphorbia piluli fera 210
Euphorbia royleana 209
Euphorbia thoms onian a 209
Euphorbia thymifolia 210
Euphorbia trigona 209
Euryale ferox 21I
Evolvulus alsinoides 160
FFagonia cretica 213
Fennel 224
Fenugreek 457
Feronia elephantum 214
Feronia limonia 214
Ferula alliacea 216
Ferula assafoetida 215
Ferula jaeschkeana 216
Ferula narthex 215
Fever Nut 1I5
Ficus benghalensis 216, 217
Ficus carica 218
Ficus cunia 218
Ficus daemona 220
Ficus glomerata 216, 222
Ficus heterophylla 231
Ficus hispid a 220
Ficus lacor 216, 221
Ficus oppo sitifolia 220
Ficus palmata 218
Ficus racemos a 216, 222
Ficus religiosa 216, 223
Ficus retus a 216, 221
Field mushroom 32
Fire-Flame Bush 481
Five-leaved Chaste-Tree 472
Flacourt ia cataphracta 2, 3Flacourtia jangomas 3Flame of the Forest 1I3
Flax 289
Flixweed 425
Flowering Maples 5Fluxweed 425
Foeniculum capillaceum 224
Foeniculum officinale 224
Foeniculum vulgare 224
Four Ficus 216
Fox Nut 21I
Fragrant Sticky Mallow 353French Lavender 280
Fumaria indica 225
Fumaria parviflora 225
Fumitory 225
GGalanga 275
Garcinia cambogia 230
Garcinia indica 229
Garcinia pedunculata 230
Garcinia purpurea 229
Garden Endive 142
Garden Lettuce 277Garden Rue 40 5
Gardenia gummifera 216, 230
Garlic 40
Gaub Persimon 193
Gentian 231
Gentiana decumbens 362
Gentiana kurroo 231, 36 2
Gentiana lutea 232
Gentiana tenella 362
German chamomile 65
Giant Taro 42
Gingclly aieGinger 487
Gipsywort 294
Gloriosa superba 232, 290
Glycyrrhi za glabra 233
Gmelina arborea 236
Golden Champa 312
Golden Collyrium 157
Golden Sorrel 404
Gorgon Nut 21I
Gossypium herb aceum 237
Gotu Kola 138
Gram 141
Grapevine 474
Gratiola officinale 90
Great Reed 78
Greater cardamom 53Greater Galangal asGrewia asiatica 238
Grewia hirsuta 423
Grewia populifolia 423
Guar 177Guargum 178Gugulip id 160
Gulancha Tinospora 451
Gum ammoniac 195
Gum Guggul isoGummy Cape Jasmine 231
Gymnema sylvestre 239, 371
Gynandropsis gynandra 240
Gynocardia odorata 254
HHabenaria intermedia 243
Hawthorn 163
Hazel Wort 79
Headache Tree 380
Hedychium spicatum 243. 275
Helictere s isora 244
Helleborus niger 361, 362
Hemidesmus indicus 168, 245
Henbane seeds 256
Henna 281
Hermodactyls 157
Herpestis monnieria 89
Hibiscus abelmoschus 247
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis 248
Himalayan Cedar 135
Himalayan Peony 348
Himalayan Silver Birch 101
Himalayan Silver Fir. 1
Himalayan Wild Cherry 382
Hiptage benghalensis 249
Hiptage madablota 249
Holarrhena antidysenterica 250
Holoptelea integrifolia 251
Holy Basil 334
Holy Milk Hedge 209
Holy Thistle 424
Homonoia riparia 30, 101
Hordeum sativum 252
Hordeum vulgare 252
Hornwort 140
Horse Chestnut, Spanish Chestnut 30
Horsegram 194
Horse-Radish 317
hragmites karka 78
Hydnocarpus kurzii 254
Hydnocarpus laurifolia 253
Hydnocarpus wightiana 253
Hydrocotyle asiatica 90, 138
Hygrophila 83
Hygrophila schulli 255
Hygrophila spinosa 83, 256
Hyoscyamus niger 256
Hypericum perforatum 257
Hyssop 259
Hyssopus officinalis 90, 258
IIchnocarpus frutescens 245
Imperata cylindrica 190, 261
Indian Acalypha 12
Indian Aloe 43
Indian Asparagus 81
Ind ian Barberry 98
Indian Bdellium 159
Indian Beech Tree 251,378
Indian Belladonna 85
Indian Birthwort 74
Indian Bryony III
Indian Copal 467
Indian Coral Tree 204
Indian Corn 485
Indian Dill 60
Indian Frankincense Tree 108
Indian Gentian 203
Indian Gooseberry 201
Indian Groundsel 374
Indian Hemp 122
Indian Ind igo 262
Indian Ipecacuanha 239, 458
Indian Jalap 338
Indian Jujube 489
Ind ian Long Pepper 367
Indi an Madder 403
Indian Mustard 109
Indian Oak 94
Indian Oleander 329
Indian Olibanum Tree 108
Indian Paper Birch 101
Indian Pennywort 90 , 138
Indian Rhubarb 399
Indian root 4Indian Sarsaparilla 246
Indian Sarsaparilla (black var.) 168
Indian Sarsaparilla (white var.) 168, 246
Indian Senna 132
Indian Sorrel 344
Indian Spikenard 323
Indian Squill 462
Indian Trumpet Flowers 341
Indian Valerian 465
Indian Worm Weed 77
Indigofera tinctoria 262
Inula helenium 264
Inula racemosa 263
Ipomoea digitata 264
Ipomoea hederacea 266
Ipomoea nil 266
Ipomoea paniculata 265
Ipomoea petaloidea 72
Ipomoea turpethum 338
Iris germanica 18
Iris pseudacorus 30
Iris versicolor 21
Ispaghula 373
J[afarabad Aloe 43
Iasminum angustifolium 269
[asminum auriculatum 269
[asminum grandiflorum 267
[asminum officinale 267
[asminum sambac 269
Jatropha curcas 270
Java Galangal asIequirity 4[irnson Weed 186
Joborandi 367
Iuglans cinerea 271
Iuglans regia 270
[un iperus communis 271
[uniperus macropoda 271
[usticia adhatoda 23
[usticia nasuta 400
KKaempferia galanga 62, 275
Kalanchoe integra 276
Kalanchoe pinnata 30, 112, 276
Kamala Tree 298
Karanj 378
King's Tonic 347
King's Clover 84
King's Crown 84
Klamath Weed 257
Kokam Butter Tree 229
LLactuca altissima 277
Lactuca candensis 277
Lactuca sativa 277
Lactuca scariola 277
Lactuca virosa 277
Lagenaria siceraria 278
Lagenaria vulgaris 278
Larkspur spp. 187
Latot is cashmiriana 362
Laurel 279
Laurus nobilis 279
Lavandula angustifolia 280
Lavandula burmanni 280
Lavandula stoechas 280
Lavandula vipinnate 280
Lawsonia alba 281
Lawsonia inermis 281
Lead Wort 376
Leea aequata 282
Leea hirta 282
Leea macrophylla 283
Leek 38
Lemon 149
Lens culinaris 283
Lens esculenta 283
Lentil 284
Leonurus cardiaca 284
520
Leonurus sibiricus 285Lepidium sativum 286Lepidium virginicum 286Leptadenia reticulata 286Lesser Cardamom 199Lesser Dodder 177
lesser galangal 46Leucas aspera 288Leucas cephalotes 288Levant Cotton 237Lichen 352Licorice 234Limonia acidissima 214Linseed 289Linum usitatissimum 289Lippia alba 290Lippia dulcis 290Lippia nodiflora 290Liquidambar altingia 256Liquidambar orientalis 290Liquorice 234Litsea chinensis 291Litsea glutinosa 291Litsea sebifera 291Lobelia excelsa 292Lobelia inflata 292Lobelia nicotianaefolia 292Lochnera rosea 469Lodoicea maldivica 293Lodoicea seychellarum 293London Rocket 425Luffa echinata 294Lycopus europaeus 294
MMace 321Macrotomia benthiamii 337Madagascar Periwinkle 469Madar 120Madhuca indica 297Madhuca latifolia 297Madhuca longifolia 297Mahua 297Maidenhair Fern 25Maize 485Malabar Kino Tree 386Malabar Nut 23Malacca Eaglewood 69Male Fern 196Mallotus philippensis 298Malva sylvestris 7, 300Mangifera indica 300Mango 301Mango-ginger 174Margosa Tree 86Marigold 116Marijuana 122Marking Nut 418Marsdenia tenacissima 302
Marsdenia volubilis 302Marshmallow 7, 49Marsilea minuta 303Marsilea quadrifolia 303Mastic Gum 371Matricaria chamomilla 64, 65Matricaria recutita 64Meadow Saffron 157Mecca galls 393Medicago sativa 304Melia azadirachta 86
Melia azedarach 305, 433Melilot 84, 306Melilotus alba 84, 306Melilotus indica 306Melilotus officinalis 306Melilotus parviflora 306Melissa axillaris 308Melissa officinalis 308Melissa parviflora 308Mentha aquatica 310Mentha arvensis 309Mentha spicata 309Mentha sylvestris 310Merendera persica 157Merremia turpethum 338Mesu 311Mesua ferrea 119, 310Mexican Poppy 71Mezereon 153Michelia champaca 312MilfoilijMilk Thistle 424Milk-weed 120Milky Yam 264Mimosa netans 313Mimosa pudica 313Mimusops elengi 314Momordica balsamina 317Momordica charantia 315Momordica cochinchinesis 317Momordica dioica 316Monkey Jack 78Monkshood 17Montain Balm 308Moringa oleifera 317Mountain Ebony 95Mowra 297Mucuna pruriens 318Mucuna prurita 318Mugwort 77Musa paradisiaca 320Mushrooms 398Muskmallow 247Musk-root 323Mustard 109Mustard Tree 412Myristica fragrans 321Myrobalan 201
Myrrh 158
NNardostachys grandiflora 323Nardostachys jatamansi 323,465Neem Tree 86Nelumbium nelumbo 326Nelumbium speciosum 326Nelumbo nucifera 326Nelumbo rubra 326Nelumbo stellata 326Nepal cardamom 53Nepeta cataria 308Nepeta hindostana 308Neptunia oleracea 313Nerium indicum 328Nerium odorum 328Nerium oleander 328Nicotiana tabacum 293Nigella sativa 131, 330Night Jasmine 332Nikkar Nut 115Noble Cane 407Nut Grass 180Nutmeg 321Nux-vomica 433Nyctanthes arbor-tristis 332Nymphaea alba 326
oOak galls 393Ochna pumila 312Ochrocarpus longifolius 119Ocimum americanum 336Ocimum basilicum 30, 101,196,333Ocimum canum 101,336
Ocimum caryophyllatum 333Ocimum crispum 336Ocimum gratissimum 196,336Ocimum guineense 336Ocimum incanescenes 101Ocimum pilosum 333Ocimum sanctum 334Ocimum tenuiflorum 334Ocimum viride 336Onion 39Ononis arvensis 5Onosma bracteatum 337Operculina turpethum 302, 338
Opium Poppy 351Orchid Tree 95
Orchis latifolia 339,348Orchis maculata 339Orchis mascula 339Oriental Sweet Gum 291Oroxylum indicum 236,340Orris Root 21Oryza sativa 341Ougeinia dalbergioides 343
Ougeinia oojeinensis 343Oxalis acetosella 344Oxalis corniculata 344
pPaddy 341Paederia foetida 347Paederia scan dens 347Paederia tomentosa 347Paeonia emodi 348Paeonia lactiflora 348Paeonia officinalis 348Palmarosa 178Palmyra Palm 106
Panax ginseng 349Panax quinquefolium 349Panax schinseng 349Pandanus amaryllifolius 350Pandanus fascicularis 349Pandanus laevis 350Pandanus latifolius 350Pandanus odoratissimus 350Pandanus tectorius 350Pandanus variegatus 350Papaver somniferum 351Papaw 129Papaya 128Parasitic Climber 177Pareira brava 147Parmelia cirrhata 353Parmelia kamtschadalis 353Parmelia periata 352Pasque Flower 59Pavonia odorata 353, 446Peacock's Tail 21Pedalium murex 354Peepul zzjPellitory 55Perfumed Cherry 117
Peristrophe bicalyculata 282Periwinkle 469Persian Lilac 305Persian Manna Plant 37Peucedanum graveolens 60Phoenix pusilla 238Phoenix sylvestris 356Phyla nodiflora 290Phyllanthus amarus 357Phyllanthus emblica 201Phyllanthus fraternus 357Phyllanthus maderaspatensis 359Phyllanthus niruri 357Phyllanthus urinaria 357Physalis alkekengi 478Physic Nut 270Picrorhiza 360Picrorhiza kurroa 360Pill-bearing Spurge 210Pimpinella anisum 362
Pineapple 56Piney Resin 467Pinus excelsa 364Pinus gerardiana 364Pinus griffithii 364Pinus longifolia 363Pinus roxburghii 363Pinus sylvestris 3, 364Pinus wallichiana 364Pinus webbiana 1
Piper betle 364Piper chaba 367Piper cubeba 366Piper longum 366Piper nigrum 369Piper peepuloides 367Piper retrofractum 367Piper sylvaticum 367Pistacia chinensis 370Pistacia integerrima 370Pistacia lentiscus 371Pistia stratiotes 372Plantago ispaghula 372Plantago lanceolata 373Plantago major 373Plantago ovata 372Plantain 320Pluchea lanceolata 374Plumbago indica 376Plumbago rosea 376Plumbago zeylanica 376Plumeria acuminata 312Pointed Gourd 456Poison -Berry 427Polyporus officinalis 32Pomegranate 390Pongam Oil Tree 378Pongamia glabra 378Pongamia pinnata 377Porret 38Portulaca oleracea 379Portulaca quadrifida 379Potato Yam 192Pot-Marigold 116Premna corymbosa 380Premna integrifolia 236, 380Premna obtusifolia 380Premna serratifolia 380Prickly Amaranth 51Prickly Chaff Flower 14Prickly Poppy 71Prunus amygdalus 381Prunus cerasoides 382Prunus communis 381Prunus Mahaleb 118
Psalliota campestris 32Psoralea corylifolia 383Pterocarpus marsupium 385Pterocarpus santalinus 387,388. 413
Pterospermum acerifolium 388Pterospermum aceroides 388Pueraria tuberosa 265Pulsatilla 59Pumpkin 169Puneeria coagulans 477Punica granatum 389Punjab Kino 343Purging Cassia 134Purging Croton 167Purging Nut 270Purple Flea-bane 140, 383Purple Tephrosia 445Putranjiva roxburghii 391
QQueen Anne's Lace 186Quercus infectoria 393Quercus robur 95, 394
RRadish 396Randia dumetorum 395Randia spinosa 395Raphanus sativus 396Rauvolfia Root 398Rauvolfia serpentina 398Red chilli 126Red Cotton 411Red Gourd 169Red Sandal Wood 388Red Sanders 388Rhabdia lyciodes 30Rheum australe 399Rheum emodi 230, 399Rheum palmatum 399, 400Rheum rhaponticum 399Rhinacanthus communis 400Rhinacanthus nasuta 400Rhododendron anthopogon 3, 445Rhododendron campanulatum 3Rhus acuminata 371Rhus parviflora 401Rhus succedanea 371Rice 341Ricinus communis 401Ringworm Cassia 132Roman chamomile 65Roman Nettle 463Rosha or Rusa Grass 178Rotula aquatica 30, 101
Rubia cordifolia 403Rumex acetosa 404Rumex nepalensis 404Ruta graveolens 405
SSabestan Plum 161Saccharum officinarum 407
521
522
Sacred Basil 334Sacred Lotus 326Sacrificial Grass 190Safflower 129Saffron 165Sage-leaved Alangium 35Sal 422Salacia chinensis 408Salacia fru ticosa 409Salacia latifolia 408Salacia macrosperm a 409Salacia prin oides 408Salep 339Salix aegyptiaca 2
Salix alba 409Salix caprea 216, 409Salmalia malabarica 411
Salpan 189Salt Bush Tree 412Salvadora oleoides 412Salvadora persica 412Salvia haemotodes 137Sandalwood 413Sandan 343Sansevieria roxbu rghiana 302Santalum album 388, 413Saphpire Berry 437Saraca asoca 414Saraca ind ica 414Sarsaparilla 427Saussurea hypole uca 416Saussurea lappa 416Saxifraga Iigulata lOO
Scabwor t 263Scilla indica 462Scirpus gro ssus 417Scirpus kysoor 417Scotch Pine 3Screw-pine 350Sea Cocon ut Palm 293Sea Wormwood 76Semecarpus anacard ium 417Senna 132Sensitive Plant 313Serpentina Root 398Sesame 419Sesam um indic um 419Sesamum or ientale 419Sesbania gran diflora 420Sesbania sesban 421Shallo t 38Shephe rd' s Purse 125Shiranjitea 481Shoe-flower Plant 248Shorea robusta 421, 467Sida cordifolia 422Sida rhombifolia 5, 423Sida veronicaefolia 423Silk Cotto n 411
Silybum marianum 424Single cham omile flowers 65Siris Tree 36Sissoo 184Sisymbrium irio 425Sisymbrium officinale 425Sisymbrium sophi a 425Small Fenne l 330Smilax aspe ra 427Smilax china 18, 425Smilax febrifuga 427Smilax glabra 426Smilax lanceifolia 426Smilax macrop hylla 426Smilax ovalifolia 426Smilax perfoliata 427Smilax proli fera 427Smilax regelii 427Snake Jasmin e 401Solanu m africanus 432Solanum ferox 427Solanum indicum 427Solan um melongena 428Solanum nigrum 429Solanum surattense 428, 430Solanum torvum 428Solanum virginianum 430Solanum xant hocarp um 430Soorty Oil Tree 253South Indian Redwood 184Sowa 60Spani sh Aniseed 362Span ish Cherry 314Span ish Jasmine 267Sparrow Grass 81Spearmint 309Sperage 81Sphaeranth us hir tus 431Sphaeranthus indicu s 431Spiked Ginger lily 243Spogel Seeds 373Spreading Hogweed 104Square Stalked -Vine 147St [arne 's Wort 125SI. Barbara's Hedge Mustar d 425Staff Tree 136Stereospermum suaveolens 236Strychnos colubrina 434Strychnos ignatii 434Strychnos nux-vomica 193, 433Strychnos potatorum 434Sugarcane 407Suma ch 401Sunn Hemp 166Superb Lily 232Swallow-wort 120Swamp Pea 420Sweet Almon d 381Sweet Basil 333
Sweet Bay 279Sweet Clover 306Sweet Flag 19Sweet or Lemon Balm 308Sweet Violet 470Sweetleaf 437Swertia angustifolia 436Swertia chirata 58, 435Swertia chirayita 436Symplocos crataegoides 438Symplocos paniculata 438Symplocos racemo sa 437Synantherias sylvatica 55Syzygium arom atic urn 206, 413Syzygium cuminii 207
TTagetes erecta 439Tailed Pepper 366Takut Galls 442Tamarind Tree 440Tamarindus ind ica 440Tamarix aphylla 442Tamarix dioica 442Tamarix gallica 442Tama rix indica 442Tamarix orient alis 442Taraktogenos kurzii 254Taraxacum officinale 443Taxus baccata 2, 444Tellicherry bark 250Tephrosia cand ida 445Tephro sia hamiltonii 445Tephrosia pro cumben s 445Tephro sia purp urea 445Tephrosia spinosa 446Tephrosia villosa 446Termi nalia arjuna 446Terminalia bellirica 447Terminalia cheb ula 449Tetranthera apeta la 291Thalictrum foliolosum 231Thatch Grass 261Thatc h Screw-p ine 350Thespesia populnea 216Thevetia neriifolia 328Thevetia peruviana 328Thlaspi bursa-pastoris 125Thorn Apple 185Thorny Bamboo 92Thousand Leaf 13Thyme-leaved Gratiola 89Tiger's Claw 232Tinnevelly Senna 132Tinospora cordifolia 451Ton kin bean 84Too thache Plant 483Too thbrush Tree 412Touchwo od 31
Trachyspermum ammi 453Trachyspermum copticum 453Trachyspermum involucratum 454Trachyspermum roxburghianum 454Trailing Eclipta Plant 197Trapa bispinosa 455Trapa natans 455Tree of Heaven 34Tribulus lenuginosus 354Tribulus terrestris 354Trichodesma indicum 337Trichodesma zeylanicum 337Tricholepis glaberrima 210
Trichosanthes cucumerina 455Trichosanthes dioica 455Trigonella foenum-graecum 307, 457Trigonella uncata 84Tropical Duckweed 372Turmeric 172Tuscan Jasmine 269Tylophora asthmatica 458Tylophora indica 458
uUncaria gambier 9, 11
Uraria picta 461Urginea indica 462Urginea maritima 463Urtica dioica 463Urtica pilulifera 102, 463Usnea barbata 353Usnea florida 353Usnea herita 353Usnea longissima 352,353Usnea plicata 353Utrasum Bead Tree 198Uvaria triloba 129
vValeriana edulis 467Valeriana hardwickii 465Valeriana jatamansi 323, 465Valeriana officinalis 323,465Valeriana wallichii 465Vallisneria spiralis 141Vanda roxburghii 374
Vasica 23Vateria indica 467Vateria malabarica 467Vegetable Rennet 477Velvet-leaf Pareira 146Verbascum thapsus 293Vernonia anthelmintica 139Vetiver 468Vetiveria zizanioides 468Vinca minor 470Vinca rosea 469Viola odorata 470Vishamcchada 46Vitex agnus-castus 474Vitex negundo 472Vitis pedata 25Vitis vinifera 474
WWall. ex Springs 17Walnut 270Water Chestnut 455Water Hyssop 89Water Lettuce 372Water-lily 326Wax Gourd 97Wedelia chinensis 197West India Medlar 314White Agaric 31White Babool io
White Cedar 67White Dammer of South India 467White Dead Nettle 288White Gourd 97White Mustard 109
White Poppy 351White Pumpkin 97White Rhapontic 137White Teak 236Wild carrot 186
Wild Croton 91, 168Wild Egg-Plant 430Wild Jasmine 269
Wild Lettuce 277Wild liquorice root 4Wild Nard 79
Wild Sage 290
Wild Thyme 484Wild Turmeric 174,175Wind Flower 59Winged-leaved Clitoria 153Winter Cherry 478Withania ashwagandha 478Withania coagulans 477Withania somnifera 478Wolfsbane 17Wood Anemone 59Wood Apple 214Woodfordia floribunda 481
Woodfordia fruticosa 481Wormwood 75Wrightia antidysenterica 251Wrightia tinctoria 251
XXylia xylocarpa 184
yYarrow ij
Yellow Thistle 71Yellow-Berried Nightshade 430Yellow-nail-dye Plant 93
Yew 444
ZZachum Oil Plant 91Zalil Larkspur 188Zanthoxylum alatum 483Zanthoxylum americanum 484Zanthoxylum armatum 483Zanthoxylum planispinum 483Zataria multiflora 484
Zea mays 485Zedoary 176Zingiber officinale 486Zingiber Zerumbet 175
Ziziphus jujuba 491, 489Ziziphus mauritiana 489Ziziphus nummularia 489Ziziphus sativa 491Ziziphus vulgaris 491
523
About the Author
c. P. KHARE
C.P. Khare was born on December 18 1932 and has been a herbali st for thelast fifty years.
He was born into a family of herbal physicians. He studied the originalAyurvedic texts and acquired first-hand knowledge of the cultivation andprocessing of herbs and their usage even before going to college.
After graduation he took up journalism in 1952. Since then he has edited and contributed many features on health and personal problems in various journals.
He has been the director of one of the biggest publishing houses in Indiafor the last twenty-five years-publishing twenty one magazines in sevenlanguages (English, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati, Kannada, Tamil and Telugu),commanding a total circulation of more than 4 million.
As a Founder President of the Society for New Age Herbals in Delhi,which started functioning in 1990 , he sought the cooperat ion and participation of physicians of modern medicine , traditional medicine , pharmacologists and scientists to modify, restructure and re-examine the age-oldherbal formulations in the light of pharmacological research and clinicaltrials being undertaken in various research institutes in India.
He has also been included among the directors of Dabur AyurvedicSpecialities Ltd., a herbal major in India.
This work is the result of the last ten years' efforts.
