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Appendix 1 Diving Medical Exam for the Examining Physician
SFSU Diving Safety Officer
Date
Scuba and other modes of compressedgas diving can be
strenuous and hazardous. A special
risk is present if the middle ear, sinuses, or lung segments
do not readily equalize air pressure
changes. The most common cause of
distress is eustachian insufficiency. Recent deaths in the
scienfic diving community have been
aributed to cardiovascular disease. Please consult the
following list of condions that usually restrict candidates from diving.
(Adapted from Bove, 1998: bracketed numbers are pages in Bove).
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Condions Which May Disqualify Candidates from Scienfic Diving
1.
Abnormalies of the tympanic membrane, such as perforaon, presence of a monomeric
membrane, or inability to autoinflate the middle ears. [5 ,7, 8, 9]
2.
Vergo, including Meniere’s Disease. [13]
3.
Stapedectomy or middle ear reconstrucve surgery. [11]
4.
Recent ocular surgery. [15, 18, 19]
5.
Psychiatric disorders including claustrophobia, suicidal ideaon, psychosis, anxiety states,
untreated depression. [20 23] 6.
Substance abuse, including alcohol. [24 25]
7.
Episodic loss of consciousness. [1, 26, 27]
8. History of seizure. [27, 28] 9.
History of stroke or a fixed neurological deficit. [29, 30]
10.
Recurring neurologic disorders, including transient ischemic aacks. [29, 30]
11.
History of intracranial aneurysm, other vascular malformaon or intracranial hemorrhage. [31]
12.
History of neurological decompression illness with residual deficit. [29, 30]
13.
Head injury with sequelae. [26, 27]
14.
Hematologic disorders including coagulopathies. [41, 42]
15.
Evidence of coronary artery disease or high risk for coronary artery disease. [33 35]
16. Atrial septal defects. [39] 17.
Significant valvular heart disease isolated mitral valve prolapse is not disqualifying. [38]
18.
Significant cardiac rhythm or conducon abnormalies. [36 37]
19.
Implanted cardiac pacemakers and cardiac defibrillators (ICD). [39, 40]
20. Inadequate exercise tolerance. [34] 21.
Severe hypertension. [35] 22.
History of spontaneous or traumac pneumothorax. [45]
23. Asthma. [42 44] 24.
Chronic pulmonary disease, including radiographic evidence of pulmonary blebs, bullae, or cysts.
[45,46] 25.
Diabetes mellitus. [46 47] 26.
Pregnancy. [56]
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Selected References in Diving Medicine
Available from Best Publishing Company, P.O. Box 30100,
Flagstaff, AZ 860030100, the Divers
Alert Network (DAN) or the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society (UHMS), Durham, NC.
1.
Ellio, D.H. ed. 1996. Are Asthmacs Fit to Dive? Kensington, MD: Undersea and Hyperbaric
Medical Society.
2.
Bove, A.A. 2011. The cardiovascular system and diving risk. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine
38(4): 261269.
3.
Thompson, P.D. 2011. The cardiovascular risks of diving. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine
38(4): 271277.
4.
Douglas, P.S. 2011. Cardiovascular screening in asymptomac adults: Lessons for the diving
world. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 38(4): 279287.
5.
Mitchell, S.J., and A.A. Bove. 2011. Medical screening of recreaonal divers for cardiovascular
disease: Consensus discussion at the Divers Alert Network Fatality Workshop. Undersea and
Hyperbaric Medicine 38(4): 289296.
6.
Grundy, S.M., Pasternak, R., Greenland, P., Smith, S., and Fuster, V. 1999. Assessment of
Cardiovascular Risk by Use of MulpleRiskFactor Assessment Equaons. AHA/ACC Scienfic
Statement. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 34: 13481359.
hp://content.onlinejacc.org/cgi/content/short/34/4/1348
7.
Bove, A.A. and Davis, J. 2003. DIVING MEDICINE, Fourth Edion. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders
Company.
8.
Edmonds, C., Lowry, C., Pennefather, J. and Walker, R. 2002. DIVING AND SUBAQUATIC
MEDICINE, Fourth Edion. London: Hodder Arnold Publishers.
9.
Bove, A.A. ed. 1998. MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF SPORT SCUBA DIVERS, San Antonio, TX: Medical
Seminars, Inc.
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Appendix 2A Medical Evaluaon of Fitness for Scuba Diving Report
To The Examining Physician Scienfic
divers require periodic scuba diving medical examinaons to assess
their fitness to engage in
diving with selfcontained underwater breathing apparatus (scuba).
Their answers on the Diving Medical
History Form may indicate potenal health or safety risks as noted.
Scuba diving is an acvity that puts
unusual stress on the individual
in several ways. Your evaluaon is requested on this Medical
Evaluaon
form. Your
opinion on the applicant's medical fitness is requested. Scuba
diving requires heavy exeron.
The diver must be free of cardiovascular and respiratory
disease (see references, following page). An
absolute requirement is the ability of the
lungs, middle ears and sinuses to equalize pressure. Any
condion that risks the
loss of consciousness should disqualify the applicant. Please
proceed in
accordance with the AAUS
Medical Standards (Sec. 6.0). If you have quesons about diving
medicine,
please consult with the Undersea Hyperbaric Medical Society or Divers Alert Network.
The Following Tests Are Required
During all inial and periodic reexams (under the age of 40)
Medical history
Complete physical exam, with emphasis on neurological and otological components
Urinalysis
Any further tests deemed necessary by the physician
Addional Tests Required During First Exam Over Age 40 and Periodic Reexams Over Age 40
Chest xray (Required only during first exam over age 40)
Resng EKG
Assessment of coronary artery disease using MulpleRiskFactor Assessment
(age, lipid profile, blood pressure, diabec screening, smoking) Note: Exercise stress tesng may
be indicated based on MulpleRiskFactor Assessment.
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Diver IS medically qualified to dive for:
___ 2 years (over age 60)
___ 3 years (age 4059)
___ 5 years (under age 40)
Diver IS NOT medically qualified to dive:
___ Permanently ___ Temporarily
I have evaluated the above menoned individual according to
the American Academy of
Underwater
Sciences medical standards and required tests for scienfic diving
(Sec. 6.00 and
Appendix 1) and, in my
opinion, find no medical condions that may be disqualifying
for
parcipaon in scuba
diving. I have discussed with the paent any medical condion(s)
that
would not disqualify him/her
from diving but which may seriously compromise subsequent
health. The paent understands the nature of the
hazards and the risks involved in diving with
these condions.
Signature:____________________________MD or DO Date of Exam:__________________
Printed Name:_________________________
Phone: _______________________
Address:_______________________________________________________________________
Telephone Number:_____________________
My familiarity with applicant is:__ This exam only __ Regular physician for __ years.
My familiarity with diving medicine is:_______________________________________________
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Applicants Release of Medical Informaon Form
Name of Applicant:_________________________
I authorize the release of this informaon and all medical informaon subsequently acquired in
associaon with my diving to the San Francisco State University Diving Safety Officer and Diving
Control Board and/or their designee at (place) ______________ on (date) _________________.
______________________________ __________________
Signature of Applicant
Date
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Appendix 3 Diving Medical History Form
SFSU scienfic diving applicants, please complete this form and submit along with Appendix
2A2B to the Diving Safety Officer.
Name ________________________________ Date ___/___/___ Sex ____ Age ___ Wt.___ Ht. ___
(Mo/Day/Yr)
To the applicant,
Scuba diving places considerable physical and mental demands on the diver. Certain medical
and physical requirements must be met before beginning a diving or training program. Your
accurate answers to the quesons are more important, in many instances, in determining your
fitness to dive than what the physician may see, hear or feel as part of the diving medical
cerficaon procedure.
This form shall be kept confidenal by the examining physician. If you believe any queson
amounts to invasion of your privacy, you may elect to omit an answer, provided that you shall
subsequently discuss that maer with your own physician who must then indicate, in wring,
that you have done so and that no health hazard exists.
Should your answers indicate a condion, which might make diving hazardous, you will be asked
to review the maer with your physician. In such instances, their wrien authorizaon will be
required in order for further consideraon to be given to your applicaon. If your physician
concludes that diving would involve undue risk for you, remember that they are concerned only
with your wellbeing and safety.
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Applicants, please answer each of the following quesons:
2
Fainng spells or dizziness
3 Been addicted to drugs
4 Diabetes
6 Claustrophobia
8 Are you pregnant?
11
Frequent sour stomachs, nervous stomachs or voming spells
12 Had a major operaon
13
Presently being treated by a physician
16
Headaches (frequent and severe)
17 Wear dental plates
19 Bleeding disorders
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22
Nervous tension or emoonal problems
23 Take tranquilizers
25 Hay fever
29
Difficulty with your ears in airplanes or on mountains
30 Ear surgery
32 Frequent dizzy spells
35 Asthma
38 Frequently raise sputum
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46 Spit blood
50 Air embolism aer diving
51 Decompression sickness
58 Heart aack
59 Low blood pressure
61
Pounding, rapid heartbeat or palpitaons
62
Easily fagued or short of breath
63 Abnormal EKG
65
Back trouble or back injuries
66
Ruptured or slipped disk
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68 Muscle cramps
69 Varicose veins
70 Amputaons
72 Paralysis
73
Have you ever had an adverse reacon to medicaon?
74 Do you smoke?
76
Is there a family history of high cholesterol?
77
Is there a family history of heart disease or stroke?
78
Is there a family history of diabetes?
79
Is there a family history of asthma?
80
Date of last tetanus shot?
Vaccinaon dates?
Please explain any “yes” answers to the above quesons:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
I cerfy that the above answers and informaon represent an accurate and complete descripon of my
medical history.
________________________
Signature of Applicant
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Appendix 4 Recommended Physicians With Expertise In Diving Medicine
Below is a paral list of local Medical Doctors that have training and experse in diving or
undersea medicine. For more informaon, please visit the website for SFSU Scienfic Diving,
marineops.sfsu.edu.
Apicella, Amanda San Diego CA
8582323093
[email protected]
Benson, Peter C. Alamo CA 9258952519
[email protected] Brett, Kaighley
San Diego CA 6194880802
[email protected] Crebassa, Leslie
FresnoCA 7073645004
[email protected]
Gorenberg, Pete Sausalito CA
4153321577
[email protected]
Kelly, Jason Travis AFB CA 7074233987
[email protected]
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Appendix 5 Definition of Terms
Air sharing Sharing of an air supply between divers.
ATA(s) “Atmospheres Absolute”, Total pressure exerted on an object, by a gas or mixture of gases, at a
specific depth or elevaon, including normal atmospheric pressure.
Breathhold Diving A diving mode in which the diver uses no selfcontained or surfacesupplied air or
oxygen supply.
Buddy Breathing Sharing of a single air source between divers.
Buddy Diver Second member of the dive team.
Buddy System Two comparably equipped scuba divers in the water in constant communicaon.
Buoyant Ascent An ascent made using some form of posive buoyancy.
Burst Pressure Pressure at which a pressure containment device would fail structurally.
Cerfied Diver A diver who holds a recognized valid cerficaon from an organizaonal member or
internaonally recognized cerfying agency.
Controlled Ascent Any one of several kinds of ascents including normal, swimming, and air sharing
ascents where the diver(s) maintain control so a pause or stop can be made during the ascent.
Cylinder A pressure vessel for the storage of gases.
Decompression Chamber A pressure vessel for human occupancy. Also called a hyperbaric chamber or
decompression chamber.
Decompression Sickness A condion with a variety of symptoms, which may result from gas, and
bubbles in the ssues of divers aer pressure reducon.
Dive A descent into the water, an underwater diving acvity ulizing compressed gas, an ascent, and
return to the surface.
Dive Computer A microprocessor based device which computes a diver’s theorecal decompression
status, in real me, by using pressure (depth) and me as input to a decompression model, or set of
decompression tables, programmed into the device.
Dive Locaon A surface or vessel from which a diving operaon is conducted.
Dive Site Physical locaon of a diver during a dive.
Dive Table A profile or set of profiles of depthme relaonships for ascent rates and breathing
mixtures to be followed aer a specific depthme exposure or exposures.
Diver An individual in the water who uses apparatus, including snorkel, which supplies breathing gas at
ambient pressure.
DiverInTraining An individual gaining experience and training in addional diving acvies under the
supervision of a dive team member experienced in those acvies.
DiverCarried Reserve Breathing Gas A divercarried independent supply of air or mixed gas (as
appropriate) sufficient under standard operang condions to allow the diver to reach the surface, or
another source of breathing gas, or to be reached by another diver.
Diving Mode A type of diving required specific equipment, procedures, and techniques, for example,
snorkel, scuba, surfacesupplied air, or mixed gas.
Diving Control Board (DCB) Group of individuals who act as the official representave of the
membership organizaon in maers concerning the scienfic diving program (Secon 1.24).
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Diving Safety Officer (DSO) Individual responsible for the safe conduct of the scienfic diving program of
the membership organizaon (Secon 1.20).
EAD Equivalent Air Depth (see below).
Emergency Ascent An ascent made under emergency condions where the diver exceeds the normal
ascent rate.
Enriched Air (EANx) A name for a breathing mixture of air and oxygen when the percent of oxygen
exceeds 21%. This term is considered synonymous with the term “nitrox” (Secon 7.00).
Equivalent Air Depth (EAD) Depth at which air will have the same nitrogen paral pressure as the nitrox
mixture being used. This number, expressed in units of feet seawater or saltwater, will always be less
than the actual depth for any enriched air mixture.
fN 2 Fracon of nitrogen in a gas mixture, expressed as either a decimal or percentage, by volume.
fO 2 Fracon of oxygen in a gas mixture, expressed as either a decimal or percentage, by volume.
FFW – Feet or freshwater, or equivalent stac head.
FSW Feet of seawater, or equivalent stac head.
Hookah While similar to Surface Supplied in that the breathing gas is supplied from the surface by
means of a pressurized hose, the supply hose does not require a strength member, pneumofathometer
hose, or communicaon line. Hookah equipment may be as simple as a long hose aached to a standard
scuba cylinder supplying a standard scuba second stage. The diver is responsible for the monitoring
his/her own depth, me, and diving profile.
Hyperbaric Chamber See decompression chamber.
Hyperbaric Condions Pressure condions in excess of normal atmospheric pressure at the dive
locaon.
Lead Diver Cerfied scienfic diver with experience and training to conduct the diving operaon.
Maximum Working Pressure Maximum pressure to which a pressure vessel may be exposed under
standard operang condions.
Organizaonal Member An organizaon which is a current member of the AAUS, and which has a
program, which adheres to the standards of the AAUS as, set forth in the AAUS Standards for Scienfic
Diving Cerficaon and Operaon of Scienfic Diving Programs.
Mixed Gas MG
MixedGas Diving A diving mode in which the diver is supplied in the water with a breathing gas other
than air.
MOD Maximum Operang Depth, usually determined as the depth at which the pO 2 for a given gas
mixture reaches a predetermined maximum.
MSW Meters of seawater or equivalent stac head.
Nitrox Any gas mixture comprised predominately of nitrogen and oxygen, most frequently containing
between 21% and 40% oxygen. Also be referred to as Enriched Air Nitrox, abbreviated EAN.
NOAA Diving Manual Refers to the NOAA Diving Manual, Diving for Science and Technology , 2001
edion. Naonal Oceanic and Atmospheric Administraon, Office of Undersea Research, US Department
of Commerce.
NoDecompression limits Depthme limits of the “nodecompression limits and repeve dive group
designaons table for nodecompression air dives” of the U.S. Navy Diving Manual or equivalent limits.
Normal Ascent An ascent made with an adequate air supply at a rate of 60 feet per minute or less.
Oxygen Clean All combusble contaminants have been removed.
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Appendix 6 Request For Diver Reciprocity and Verificaon of Diver Training And Experience
This leer cerfies that ___________________ has been issued a
_____ foot sea water depth
cerficaon under the current San Francisco State University
(SFSU) Scienfic Diving Safety Manua l
regulaons and is currently a cerfied SFSU Scienfic Diver
Intraining. The SFSU Scienfic Diving
Program is a current Organizaonal Member of the American
Academy of Underwater Sciences and
adheres to the AAUS Standards for Scienfic Diving
Cerficaon and Operaon of Scienfic Diving
Programs . The following is a brief summary of this
divers file regarding diving status at SFSU. Unless
otherwise specified under
“Specialty Cerficaons”, this diver is authorized to perform
nodecompression, open water, compressed air scuba dives to
the depth cerficaon indicated above
when accompanied by a lead scienfic diver.
Today’s date……………………………..…………………..
Last diving medical exam……………………………….
Diving equipment service……………………………...
CPR training conducted on……………………………..
O2 administraon training conducted on……….
First aid training conducted on……………………….
Number of dives in past 12 months…..…………...
Date of last dive……………………………………..……...
Maximum depth in last 6 months………..………...
Any restricons to diving………………………………..
As Dive Safety Officer for SFSU I hereby verify all training
and experience has been completed as required
by the AAUS to aain Scienfic Diver status. If you have further quesons, please contact me.
David Bell
San Francisco State University
Marine Superintendent & Diving Safety Officer
Voice: 4154357123 |
[email protected] | marineops.sfsu.edu
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Appendix 7 Diving Emergency Management Procedures
Introducon
A diving accident vicm could be any person who has been breathing air underwater regardless of depth.
It is essenal that emergency procedures are preplanned and that medical treatment is iniated as soon
as possible. It is the responsibility of each AAUS organizaonal member to develop procedures for diving
emergencies including evacuaon and medical treatment for each dive locaon.
General Procedures
Depending on and according to the nature of the diving accident:
1. Make appropriate contact with vicm or rescue as required.
2. Establish A irway, B reathing, C irculaon as required.
3. Stabilize the vicm
3. Administer 100% oxygen, if appropriate (in cases of Decompression Illness, or Near Drowning).
4. Call local Emergency Medical System (EMS) for transport to nearest medical treatment facility. Explain
the circumstances of the dive incident to the evacuaon teams, medics and physicians.
Do not assume that they understand why 100% oxygen may be required for the diving accident vicm or
that recompression treatment may be necessary.
5. Call appropriate Diving Accident Coordinator for contact with diving physician and decompression
chamber..
6. Nofy DSO or designee according to the SFSU Emergency Acon Plan.
7. Complete and submit a diving incident report (form can be downloaded at
hp://marineops.sfsu.edu/content/formsandlinks) to the SFSU Diving Control Board and the AAUS
(Secon 2.70 Required Incident Reporng).
EMERGENCY SERVICES CONTACT INFORMATION
San Francisco State University Diving Safety Program
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Baywatch Isthmus (310)5100341
Catalina Hyperbaric Chamber (310)5101053
Isthmus Harbor Patrol
VHF channel 16 & 9
US Coast Guard Staon
Terminal Island/LA Harbor (310)7322044
VHF radio channel 16
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Appendix 8 Guidelines for the Use of Dive Computers
1.
Only those makes and models of dive computers specifically approved by the Diving Control
Board may be used.
2.
Any diver desiring the approval to use a dive computer as a means of determining
decompression status must apply to the Diving Control Board, complete an appropriate praccal
training session and pass a wrien examinaon.
3.
Each diver relying on a dive computer to plan dives and indicate or determine decompression
status must have his/her own unit.
4.
On any given dive, both divers in the buddy pair must follow the most conservave dive
computer.
5.
If the dive computer fails at any me during the dive, the dive must be terminated and
appropriate surfacing procedures should be iniated immediately.
6.
A diver should not dive for 18 hours before acvang a dive computer to use it to control their
diving.
7.
Once the dive computer is in use, it must not be switched off unl it indicates complete out
gassing has occurred or 18 hours have elapsed, whichever comes first.
8.
When using a dive computer, non emergency ascents are to be at a rate specified for the make
and model of dive computer being used.
9.
Whenever praccal, divers using a dive computer should make a stop between 10 and 30 feet for
5 minutes, especially for dives below 60 fsw.
10.
Mulple deep dives require special consideraon.
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Appendix 9 AAUS Stascs Collecon Criteria and Definions
Collecon Criteria
The "Dive Time in Minutes", The Number of Dives Logged", and the "Number of Divers Logging
Dives" will be collected for the following categories:
Dive Classificaon Breathing Gas
Diving Mode
Decompression Planning and Calculaon Method
Depth Ranges Specialized Environments
Incident Types
1.
Dive Time in Minutes is defined as the surface to surface me including any safety or
required decompression stops. 2.
A Dive is defined as a descent into water, an underwater diving acvity ulizing
compressed gas, an ascent/return to the surface, and a surface interval of greater than
10 minutes.
3.
Dives will not be differenated as openwater or confined water dives. But openwater
and confined water dives will be logged and submied for AAUS stascs classified as
either scienfic or training/proficiency.
4.
A "Diver Logging a Dive" is defined as a person who is diving under the auspices of your
scienfic diving organizaon.
5.
Dives logged by divers from another AAUS Organizaon will be reported with the divers
home organizaon. Only a diver who has actually logged a dive during the reporng
period is counted under this category.
6.
Incident(s) occurring during the collecon cycle. Only incidents occurring during, or
resulng from, a dive where the diver is breathing a compressed gas will be submied to
AAUS.
Dive Classificaon Definions :
1.
Scienfic Dives: Dives that meet the scienfic diving exempon as defined in 29 CFR
1910.402. Diving tasks tradionally associated with a specific scienfic discipline are
considered a scienfic dive. Construcon and troubleshoong tasks tradionally
associated with commercial diving are not considered a scienfic dive.
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2.
Training and Proficiency Dives: Dives performed as part of a scienfic diver training
program, or dives performed in maintenance of a scienfic diving
cerficaon/authorizaon.
Breathing Gas:
1.
Air: Dives where the boom gas used for the dive is air.
2.
Nitrox: Dives where the boom gas used for the dive is a combinaon of nitrogen and
oxygen other than air. 3.
Mixed Gas: Dives where the boom gas used for the dive is a combinaon of oxygen,
nitrogen, and helium (or other "exoc" gas), or any other breathing gas combinaon not
classified as air or nitrox.
Diving Mode:
1.
Open Circuit Scuba: Dives where the breathing gas is inhaled from a self contained
underwater breathing apparatus and all of the exhaled gas leaves the breathing loop.
2.
Surface Supplied: Dives where the breathing gas is supplied from the surface by means
of a pressurized umbilical hose. The umbilical generally consists of a gas supply hose,
strength member, pneumofathometer hose, and communicaon line. The umbilical
supplies a helmet or fullface mask. The diver may rely on the tender at the surface to
keep up with the divers’ depth, me and diving profile.
3.
Hookah: While similar to Surface Supplied in that the breathing gas is supplied from the
surface by means of a pressurized hose, the supply hose does not require a strength
member, pneumofathometer hose, or communicaon line. Hookah equipment may be
as simple as a long hose aached to a standard scuba cylinder supplying a standard
scuba second stage. The diver is responsible for the monitoring his/her own depth,
me, and diving profile.
4.
Rebreathers: Dives where the breathing gas is repeatedly recycled in the breathing loop.
The breathing loop may be fully closed or semiclosed. Note: A rebreather dive ending
in an open circuit bailout is sll logged as a rebreather dive.
Decompression Planning and Calculaon Method:
1. Dive Tables 2. Dive Computer 3.
PC Based Decompression Soware
Depth Ranges:
Depth ranges for sorng logged dives are 030, 3160, 61100, 101130, 131150, 151190, and
191>. Depths are in feet seawater. A dive is logged to the maximum depth reached during the
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dive. Note: Only "The Number of Dives Logged" and "The Number of Divers Logging Dives" will
be collected for this category.
Specialized Environments:
1.
Required Decompression: Any dive where the diver exceeds the nodecompression limit
of the decompression planning method being employed.
2.
Overhead Environments: Any dive where the diver does not have direct access to the
surface due to a physical obstrucon.
3.
Blue Water Diving: Openwater diving where the boom is generally greater than 200
feet deep and requiring the use of mulpletethered diving techniques.
4.
Ice and Polar Diving: Any dive conducted under ice or in polar condions. Note: An Ice
Dive would also be classified as an Overhead Environment dive.
5.
Saturaon Diving: Excursion dives conducted as part of a saturaon mission are to be
logged by "classificaon", "mode", "gas", etc. The "surface" for these excursions is
defined as leaving and surfacing within the Habitat. Time spent within the Habitat or
chamber shall not be logged by AAUS.
6.
Aquarium: An aquarium is a shallow, confined body of water, which is operated by or
under the control of an instuon and is used for the purposes of specimen exhibit,
educaon, husbandry, or research. (Not a swimming pool)
Incident Types:
1.
Hyperbaric: Decompression Sickness, AGE, or other barotrauma requiring recompression
therapy.
2.
Barotrauma: Barotrauma requiring medical aenon from a physician or medical facility,
but not requiring recompression therapy.
3.
Injury: Any nonbarotrauma injury occurring during a dive that requires medical
aenon from a physician or medical facility.
4.
Illness: Any illness requiring medical aenon that can be aributed to diving.
5.
Near Drowning/ Hypoxia: An incident where a person asphyxiates to the minimum point
of unconsciousness during a dive involving a compressed gas. But the person recovers.
6.
Hyperoxic/Oxygen Toxicity: An incident that can be aributed to the diver being exposed
to too high a paral pressure of oxygen.
7.
Hypercapnea: An incident that can be aributed to the diver being exposed to an excess
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Incident Classificaon Rang Scale: 1.
Minor: Injuries that the OM considers being minor in nature. Examples of this
classificaon of incident would include, but not be limited to:
1.
Mask squeeze that produced discoloraon of the eyes.
2.
Laceraons requiring medical aenon but not involving moderate or severe
bleeding. 3.
Other injuries that would not be expected to produce long term adverse effects
on the diver’s health or diving status.
2.
Moderate: Injuries that the OM considers being moderate in nature. Examples of this
classificaon would include, but not be limited to:
1.
DCS symptoms that resolved with the administraon of oxygen, hyperbaric
treatment given as a precauon. 2.
DCS symptoms resolved with the first hyperbaric treatment.
3. Broken bones. 4.
Torn ligaments or carlage. 5.
Concussion. 6.
Ear barotrauma requiring surgical repair.
3.
Serious: Injuries that the OM considers being serious in nature. Examples of this
classificaon would include, but not be limited to: