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Appendicular Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

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Page 1: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Appendicular Skeleton

Page 2: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Appendicular Skeleton

• Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton.

• Bones of the limbs help to get us from place to place and to manipulate our environment.

Page 3: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Appendicular_skeleton_diagram.svg
Page 4: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Clavicle

•Clavicle= collar bone•S-shaped•Sternal end: attaches to manubrium of sternum•Acromial end: attaches to acromion on scapula•Supports shoulder

Page 5: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 6: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Scapula•Back of shoulder•Dorsal surface= back•Ventral surface= front

Page 7: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

•Spine: ridge that enlarges into acromion•Acromion: articulates with clavicle•Coracoid process: articulates with tendon of bicep•Glenoid fossa: socket where humerus fits

Scapula

Scapular Notch

Page 8: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Scapula/ Clavicle& Head of Humerus

1

2

34

56

Scapular notch: notch medial to coracoid process; for nerve

Page 9: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

1011

12 Clavicle

Coracoid

Process

Acromion

Scapula/ Clavicle& Head of Humerus

Page 10: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

• Head: always points toward median

• Greater Tubercle: bulge on lateral side of proximal end

• Lesser Tubercle: bulge on medial side of proximal end

• Intertubicular groove: for tendon of biceps

Humerus: upper arm

Page 11: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 12: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Humerus: upper arm

• Medial epicondyle: bulge on distal medial side

• Lateral epicondyle: bulge on distal lateral side

• Coronoid fossa: depression in distal end • Olecranon fossa: indentation on posterior• Capitulum: head of radius connects here• Trochlea: next to capitulum; sideways

hourglass

Page 13: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Humerus

Page 14: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Humerus

Page 15: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Ulna• Little bone in forearm, pinky side• Olecranon: pointy part that sticks out of

elbow• Semilunar notch: meets trochlea for

flexion/extension• Coronoid process: fits onto coronoid fossa• Radial notch: head of radius fits into it• Styloid process: nobby end of ulna

Page 16: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 17: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Ulna & Radius

Page 18: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Radius

• Larger bone in forearm, thumb side, end=circle

• Head: fits into capitulum– For supination/pronation

• Radial tuberosity: bulge below head for muscle attachment: biceps

• Styloid process: bulge on lateral (thumb side) of wrist

Page 19: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 20: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 21: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

14 (3 rows)

5

8 Carpals

Metacarpals

Phalanges

Hand

Page 22: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Carpals of Hand Sally Left The Party To Take Cathy Home

Page 23: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Carpals

• Short bones arranged in 2 rows of 4

• Sliding joints between them

• Posterior view

(thumb)The Teachers Couldn’t Help (pinky)

Students Learn The Problem

Page 24: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Metacarpals

• 1st bones within hand

• #1-5

• 1= thumb, 5= pinky

Page 25: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Phalanges

• Proximal, middle, distal

• Digits 2-5 have 3 (thumb is missing middle phalange)

Page 26: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Lower Limb• 3 Coxal bones + sacrum= Pelvic Girdle

– Ilium: superior ½ including ridge of hip you feel– Ischium: posterior lower half– Pubis: anterior lower half, makes V

Page 27: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 28: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Ilium- superior half

• Iliac crest: top ridge• Anterior iliac spine: comes

to point at front• Posterior iliac spine:

comes to point in back• Greater sciatic notch: big

notch faces back, for sciatic nerve

Page 29: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Ischium- posterior lower 1/2

• Ischial Spine: point below notch

• Lesser Sciatic notch: smaller notch below spine

• Ischial Tuberosity:

bulge below lesser

sciatic notchLesser sciatic notch

Page 30: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Pubis- anterior lower 1/2

• Ramus: 2 bars, parts of V

• Pubic symphysis: fibrocartilage that connects 2 pubis bones in middle

Ramus

Page 31: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Male vs. Female

• Crests at wider angles in females

• Pelvic bowl larger in females

• Pubic angle= greater than 90 in females, less than 90 in males

Page 32: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Acetabulum

• Giant fossa where femur articulates

• All three bones meet here

Page 33: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Obturator foramen

• Giant hole between ischium and pubis

Page 34: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Femur

Page 35: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Femur landmarks

• Head: fits into acetabulum of coxal

• Greater trochanter: anterior, superior

• Lesser trochanter: below greater, posterior

• Medial/Lateral condyle: balls on distal end

• Medial/Lateral epicondyle: projections on condyles

• Intercondylar notch: between condyles

Page 36: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the
Page 37: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Patella

• Knee cap

Page 38: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Tibia landmarks

• Tibia= shin bone, larger bone in lower leg

• Intercondylar eminence: bump between condyles

• Medial/Lateral condyle

• Tibial tuberosity: bump on anterior side for largest muscle group attachment

• Medial malleolus: medial bump of ankle

Page 39: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Fibula & Tibia

Page 40: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Fibula landmarks

• Fibula= lateral to tibia, smaller

• Head

• Lateral malleolus: lateral bump of ankle

Page 41: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

3 sets: Proximal

Middle (not in big toe)

distal

5

Phalanges

Metatarsals

Tarsals

Calcaneus

7

Page 42: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Tarsals of Foot

Page 43: Appendicular Skeleton. Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. Bones of the

Tarsals (7)

• Talus

• Calcaneus = heel

• Navicular

• Cuboid

• Cuneiforms (3)


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