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J{{jaj`mijh Pmjaf \f`oeefhnfn [|j`~i`fp B|ov{

\f`oeefhnfn P~jhnj|np jhn [|j`~i`fp

J{|ia

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o @ohpinf| rfaa {jn pi~f fzvi{efh~ ajyov~! fzvi{efh~ o|ifh~j~ioh! jhn vpf og ohpi~ffzvi{efh~ jp ~ooap go| hoipf ei~ibj~ioh(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan mjwf {|o`fnv|fp nfpibhfn ~o fwjavj~f jhn ie{afefh~ pi~f pf`v|i~y hffnp oh j`jpf p{f`igi` ljpip ih `oo{f|j~ioh ri~m ao`ja jv~mo|i~ifp jhn ajhnorhf|p(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan mjwf {|o`fnv|fp ~o vpf Ohf @jaa pyp~fep ~o infh~igy pvlpv|gj`f mjsj|np {|io|~o jhy b|ovhn nip~v|ljh`f ~mj~ `ovan |fjpohjlay lf f}{f`~fn ~o ie{j`~ lv|ifn fzvi{efh~(

N|iaaihb O{f|j~iohp

[|io| ~o n|iaaihb! O{f|j~o|p pmovan pffd ~o infh~igy ~mf goaaorihb ihgo|ej~ioh3o ^mf f}ip~fh`f og `oja eihfp o| ro|djlaf `oja pfjep(o Nf{~mp og vpjlaf b|ovhnrj~f| `o||faj~fn lj`d ~o ~mf {jn fafwj~ioh(o Pmjaaor oia o| bjp rfaap -j`~iwf! inaf! o| {avbbfn) ri~mih :!;;; og ~mf pv|gj`f ao`j~ioh(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan n|iaa ~m|ovbm g|fpm b|ovhn rj~f| ohay ri~m ji|! rj~f|! o| rj~f| ljpfn n|iaaihbgavinp! ~o ~mf f}~fh~ |fjpohjlay {|j`~i`jlaf

O{f|j~o|p pmovan ie{afefh~ j `oe{|fmfhpiwf ~|jihihb `f|~igi`j~ioh jhn `oe{f~fh`y jppv|jh`f{|ob|je go| ~mfi| rfaa fhbihff|p! |ib go|fefh jhn pf|wi`f `oh~|j`~o|p(

o O{f|j~o| |f{|fpfh~j~iwf jhn `|i~i`ja `oh~|j`~o| pv{f|wipo|y |f{|fpfh~j~iwfp oh pi~fpmovan mjwf Ih~f|hj~iohja Jppo`ij~ioh og N|iaaihb @oh~|j`~o|p o| Ih~f|hj~iohja Rfaa

@oh~|oa Go|ve rfaa `oh~|oa `f|~igi`j~ioh(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan {|owinf ~mf j{{|o{|ij~f Pjgf~y! Mfja~m jhn Fhwi|ohefh~ jhn fzvi{efh~ljpfn ~|jihihb jhn `f|~igi`j~ioh! jp j{{ai`jlaf ~o ~mf {opi~ioh mfan ly {f|pohhfa( O{f|j~o|p

pmovan pffd ~o fp~jlaipm `oeeoh! ljpihrinf eihieve pjgf~y ~|jihihb {|ob|jep jhn

`oe{f~fh`y f}{f`~j~iohp go| `oh~|j`~o|p(

Ih jh fggo|~ ~o eihieisf pv|gj`f ie{j`~p! O{f|j~o|p pmovan `ohpinf| ~mf vpf og `aopfn aoo{n|iaaihb gavinp ejhjbfefh~ pyp~fep(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan fh`ov|jbf nfwfao{efh~ jhn vpf og eo|f fhwi|ohefh~jaay lfhibh ihb|fnifh~pih n|iaaihb gavinp(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfwfao{ jhn ie{afefh~ {|o`fnv|fp nfpibhfn ~o v~iaisf `jpihb ~mj~ ip {|o{f|ay`fh~|jaisfn! jhn `fefh~ ~mj~ ip nfpibhfn ~o eff~ ~mf jh~i`i{j~fn `ohni~iohp og ~mf rfaa! ih o|nf|

~o {|o~f`~ b|ovhnrj~f| jhn ~o {|owinf povhn sohja ipoaj~ioh(

^mf ihnvp~|y pmovan pffd o{{o|~vhi~ifp go| `oaajlo|j~ioh nfpibhfn ~o gv|~mf| nfwfao{ |fbiohjaayljpfn `jpihb nfpibh jhn `fefh~ihb {|j`~i`fp jhn p~jhnj|np(

@oe{af~ioh/P~ievaj~ioh O{f|j~iohp

Ih pfaf`~ihb jnni~iwfp go| vpf ih myn|jvai` g|j`~v|ihb gavinp! O{f|j~o|p pmovan `ohpinf| ~mffhwi|ohefh~ja `mj|j`~f|ip~i`p og ~mopf `oe{ohfh~p! ljajh`fn ri~m ~mf o{f|j~iohja hffnp og ~mf

{|ocf`~(

o O{f|j~o|p pmovan3 P~|iwf ~o eihieisf ~mf woavef jhn `oh`fh~|j~ioh og Ej~f|ija Pjgf~y Nj~j Pmff~

aip~fn myn|jvai` g|j`~v|ihb gavin jnni~iwfp(

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Fh`ov|jbf nfwfao{efh~ jhn vpf og eo|f fhwi|ohefh~jaay lfhibh myn|jvai`g|j`~v|ihb gavin jnni~iwfp(

@oeei~ ~o ~|jhp{j|fh`y ih ~mfi| o{f|j~iohp ly nip`aopihb `oe{opi~ioh ogmyn|jvai` g|j`~v|ihb gavin jnni~iwfp -f(b( G|j` Go`vp) ~o ~mf f}~fh~ {f|ei~~fn ly

pv{{aif|p! rmiaf |fp{f`~ihb |faj~fn ih~faaf`~vja {|o{f|~y |ibm~p! jhn {|o{|if~j|y

jhn ohginfh~ija lvpihfpp ihgo|ej~ioh(

o Go| ohpi~f p~o|jbf og myn|jvai` g|j`~v|ihb jnni~iwfp! O{f|j~o|p pmovan p~o|f aizvinjnni~iwfp ri~m pf`ohnj|y `oh~jihefh~ jhn n|y jnni~iwfp ri~m rfj~mf| {|o~f`~ioh jp

|fzvi|fn(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfpibh rj~f| ~|jhpgf| pyp~fep ~o pi~f p{f`igi` `ohni~iohp jhn ~mfpf pyp~feppmovan lf ~fp~fn jhn eohi~o|fn j~ |fjpohjlaf ~iefp nv|ihb o{f|j~iohp(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan ie{afefh~ efjpv|fp nfpibhfn ~o |ov~ihfay ~fp~ ~mf ih~fb|i~y og jaa mibm{|fppv|f pv|gj`f fzvi{efh~ -g|j`~v|ihb rfaamfjn! gaoraihfp! ejhigoanp! {i{ihb! jhn {ve{

fzvi{efh~)(

o ^fp~ihb jhn ihp{f`~ihb jaa mibm {|fppv|f fzvi{efh~ jhn {i{ihb oh j |fbvaj| ljpip ihj``o|njh`f ri~m |f`obhisfn ihnvp~|y {|j`~i`fp(

o Ih `oan rfj~mf| o{f|j~iohp! rih~f|isf fzvi{efh~ ih j``o|njh`f ri~m |f`obhisfn ihnvp~|y{|j`~i`fp(

o [|fppv|f |faifg jhn `oh~|oa pyp~fep pmovan lf nfpibhfn go| ej}ieve jh~i`i{j~fn gaorp!pjgf ejhjbfefh~! jhn {|o{f| `oh~jihefh~ og gavinp(

o Vpihb |fp~|jih~ jhn/o| jh`mo|ihb pyp~fep oh jaa ~fe{o|j|y {i{ihb ~mj~ eff~ ihnvp~|yp~jhnj|np(

o ^fp~ihb ~mf fef|bfh`y pmv~ norh jhn/o| {|fppv|f pjgf~y wjawf pyp~fe {|io| ~o ~mf p~j|~og ~mf gi|p~ g|j`~v|ihb p~jbf(

Fzvi{efh~ gvfaihb o{f|j~iohp pmovan lf nfpibhfn ~o eihieisf ~mf |ipd og j``infh~ja p{iaajbf(o O{f|j~o|p pmovan `ohpinf| ~mf vpf og {o|~jlaf `oh~jihefh~ fzvi{efh~(o O{f|j~o|p pmovan mjwf j{{|o{|ij~f jeovh~p og po|lfh~ ej~f|ijap -p{iaa di~p) |fjniay

jwjiajlaf oh ~mf rfaa pi~f(

o O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfwfao{ |fjpohjlaf ef~monp ~o eohi~o| gvfa ~|jhpgf| mopfp! vpfmopf/hossaf `owf|p! jhn eohi~o| jaa gvfa ~|jhpgf|p go| pyp~fe ih~fb|i~y(

Oh eva~irfaa {jnp! O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfwfao{ {|o`fnv|fp ~o eohi~o| jncj`fh~ oia jhn bjp rfaapgo| {|fppv|f oh ~mf {|onv`~ioh p~|ihb jhn jaa rfaa jhhvai jp hffnfn( [|o`fnv|fp ~o eohi~o| oia

jhn bjp rfaap oh hfibmlo|ihb rfaa {jnp ejy japo lf j{{|o{|ij~f nf{fhnihb oh ~mf pvlpv|gj`f

o|ifh~j~ioh og ~mf rfaap(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfwfao{ gavin |f`owf|y pyp~fep go| jaa fzvi{efh~ l|fjdnorh o{f|j~iohpih`avnihb {f|go|j~o|/aobbihb ~ooa avl|i`j~o|p! gaoraihfp! {i{ihb! jhn ejhigoan nip`ohhf`~iohp(

Jaa o{f|j~ihb {f|pohhfa pmovan |f`fiwf ~|jihihb |fbj|nihb ~mf hffn go|! vpf og! jhn f}{f`~j~iohp|fbj|nihb j{{|o{|ij~f col p{f`igi` [f|pohja [|o~f`~iwf Fzvi{efh~(

[|io| ~o ~mf p~j|~ og {ve{ihb o{f|j~iohp! {f|pohhfa pmovan lf |fzvi|fn ~o moan j pjgf~y jhno{f|j~iohp eff~ihb ~o {|owinf {f|pohhfa ri~m ihgo|ej~ioh |fbj|nihb jh~i`i{j~fn o{f|j~ihb

`ohni~iohp! |ipdp! jhn mjsj|np(

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o Lf`jvpf `aj|i~y ih jppibhefh~ og |fp{ohpiliai~ifp ip `|i~i`ja! {|o`fnv|fp pmovan |fzvi|f~mj~ ~mf ohp`fhf {f|pohih`mj|bf lf `afj|ay infh~igifn(

o [f|pohhfa pmovan |f`fiwf ~|jihihb ih fef|bfh`y o| fwfh~ |fp{ohpf {ajhhihb jhn{|o`fnv|fp jhn ihniwinvja |fp{ohpiliai~ifp(

o @oeevhi`j~ioh jhn ho~igi`j~ioh {|o`fnv|fp pmovan lf jwjiajlaf ~o jaa {f|pohhfa(o Jh O{f|j~o| |f{|fpfh~j~iwf pmovan lf {|fpfh~ ~m|ovbmov~ ~mip {mjpf og ~mf o{f|j~iohp( Nv|ihb ihcf`~ioh o{f|j~iohp! ~mf|f pmovan lf j {|o`fnv|f ~o eohi~o| `|i~i`ja {j|jef~f|p go| jhy

pibhigi`jh~ nfwij~iohp o| jlho|eja `ohni~iohp( ^mf myn|jvai` g|j`~v|ihb o{f|j~o| pmovan lf

jv~mo|isfn ~o ~jdf j{{|o{|ij~f j`~ioh ih`avnihb pmv~~ihb norh g|j`~v|ihb o{f|j~iohp(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan ejih~jih `v||fh~ Ej~f|ija Pjgf~y Nj~j Pmff~p go| jaa `mfei`jap! ej~f|ijap! jhnjnni~iwfp vpfn oh j pi~f j~ j pihbaf ao`j~ioh(

-:!0)

Gaor Lj`d

^mf {|o`fpp og ihi~ij~ihb {|onv`~ioh pmovan lf nfpibhfn ~o eihieisf |fafjpfp og {|onv`fn bjpfpjhn `oh~jih {|onv`fn aizvinp(

o [|onv`~ioh pmovan lf nfpibhfn ~o |fnv`f feippiohp ~m|ovbm `j{~v|f -{|fgf||fn ef~monrmf|f |fjpohjlay {|j`~i`jlaf) o| ~fe{o|j|y gaj|ihb( Wfh~ihb ip nip`ov|jbfn(

Rmfh o{f|j~ihb ih `|vnf! `ohnfhpj~f o| rf~ bjp j|fjp! O{f|j~o|p pmovan {|f{j|f j `|vnf o|`ohnfhpj~f ejhjbfefh~ {ajh nfpibhfn ~o gj`iai~j~f pjgf o{f|j~iohp(

o O{f|j~o|p pmovan ie{afefh~ {|o`fnv|fp ~mj~ |fzvi|f j `oe{|fmfhpiwf |fwifr og jaafzvi{efh~ {aj`fefh~ jhn p{j`ihb jhn ao`j~ioh og {o~fh~ija ibhi~ioh pov|`fp! jhn rmi`m

nfpibhj~f pjgf aojnihb j|fjp jhn pjgf mjhnaihb {|o`fnv|fp(

^mf ohpi~f gj`iai~ifp pmovan lf nfpibhfn ~o ih`avnf pf`ohnj|y `oh~jihefh~ jhn ejhjbfefh~pyp~fep ~o eohi~o| ~jhd afwfap(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan mjwf {|o`fnv|fp ~o vpf Ohf @jaa pyp~fep ~o infh~igy pvlpv|gj`f mjsj|np {|io|~o jhy b|ovhn nip~v|ljh`f ~mj~ `ovan |fjpohjlay lf f}{f`~fn ~o ie{j`~ lv|ifn fzvi{efh~(

Pi~f {|o`fnv|fp pmovan |fzvi|f ~mj~ ~mf fef|bfh`y pmv~norh `oh~|oap lf ~fp~fn {f|ioni`jaay([|onv`~ioh O{f|j~iohp

Rmfh o{f|j~ihb ih `|vnf! `ohnfhpj~f! o| rf~ bjp j|fjp! O{f|j~o|p pmovan {|f{j|f jejhjbfefh~ {ajh jnn|fppihb ~mf pjgf mjhnaihb jhn ejhjbfefh~ og aizvin myn|o`j|lohp j~ jaa

~iefp(

o ^mf ejhjbfefh~ {ajh pmovan ih`avnf3 ^mf `ohnv`~ihb og j `oe{|fmfhpiwf |fwifr og fzvi{efh~ {aj`fefh~ jhn ~mf

p{j`ihb jhn ao`j~ioh og {o~fh~ija ibhi~ioh pov|`fp(

^mf nfpibhj~ioh og pjgf aojnihb j|fjp jhn nfwfao{efh~ og pjgf mjhnaihb{|o`fnv|fp(

Ih jnni~ioh! ~mf ejhjbfefh~ {ajh ejy japo `ohpinf| ~mf vpf og wj{o||f`owf|y/nfp~|v`~ioh fzvi{efh~ ~o |fnv`f feippiohp g|oe ~jhd lj~~f|ifp ~mj~

j|f jlowf nf eihieip afwfap(

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[|onv`~ioh o{f|j~ioh nfpibhp pmovan ih`avnf aor o| ho wfh~ `oh~|oaaf|p go| fzvi{efh~( ^mf nfpibh go| {f|ejhfh~ gj`iai~ifp pmovan ih`avnf pf`ohnj|y `oh~jihefh~ jhn fzvi{efh~ ~o

eohi~o| ~jhd afwfap(

[|onv`~ioh o{f|j~ioh {|o`fnv|fp pmovan ih`avnf {f|ioni` ~fp~ihb og fef|bfh`y pmv~norh`oh~|oap(

Efjpv|fefh~ jhn Ef~|i`p

O{f|j~o|p pmovan vpf j `o|{o|j~f |f{o|~ihb p~jhnj|n! pv`m jp ~mj~ oggf|fn ly ~mf Ih~f|hj~iohja[f~|oafve Fhwi|ohefh~ja @ohpf|wj~ioh Jppo`ij~ioh -I[IF@J)! go| |f{o|~ihb dfy fhwi|ohefh~ja

{f|go|ejh`f ef~|i`p(

O{f|j~o|p pmovan nfwfao{ ~fjep ~jpdfn ri~m nfwfao{ihb |f{o|~ihb `|i~f|ij( \f{o|~ihb pmovan lfie{afefh~fn ih j {mjpfn j{{|oj`m( ^mf gi|p~ {mjpf og |f{o|~ihb pmovan ih`avnf ~mf goaaorihb

`j~fbo|ifp3

o Rj~f| `ohpve{~ioh l|fjdov~ |fvpf/|f`y`aihb(o OPMJ |f{o|~jlaf pjgf~y p~j~ip~i`p( ^mf pf`ohn {mjpf og |f{o|~ihb pmovan ih`avnf ~mf goaaorihb `j~fbo|ifp ljpfn oh ~mf

nfwfao{efh~ og nf~jiafn |f{o|~ihb `|i~f|ij(

o Rjp~f ejhjbfefh~ woavefp! `mj|j`~f|ip~i`p! nip{opja ef~monp( Rjp~f `j~fbo|ifpjhn `mj|j`~f|isj~ioh pmovan lf bvinfn ly ~mf I[IF@J |f{o|~ihb p~jhnj|n(

o P{iaap hvelf|! woavef jhn ej~f|ija( Fhwi|ohefh~jaay pibhigi`jh~ p{iaap pmovan lf|f{o|~fn! f(b(! p{iaap jlowf |fbvaj~o|y |f{o|~jlaf zvjh~i~ifp(

o Ji| feippiohp BMB jhn F[J mjsj|novp o| `|i~f|ij {oaav~jh~p( Ji| feippiohp pmovan lffp~iej~fn vpihb |fbvaj~o|y ef~monp nfgihfn ih ~mf j{{ai`jlaf F[J |vafp -o| nfafbj~fn

p~j~f {|ob|jep)(

Ajhnorhf| \faj~iohp

O{f|j~o|p pmovan pffd boon ajhnorhf| |faj~iohp ly3o Biwihb j `ov|~fpy ho~i`f og jhy pibhigi`jh~ o{f|j~iohp oh ~mf {|o{f|~y ~o ~mf orhf| og

~mf pv|gj`f fp~j~f(

o N|iwihb j~ pjgf p{ffnp ih j``o|njh`f ri~m {op~fn p{ffn aiei~p jp j{{ai`jlaf(o P~jyihb oh |ojnp jhn |ibm~ og rjyp(o @aopihb bj~fp(

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\fgf|fh`fp

Ih infh~igyihb ~mfpf |f`oeefhnfn p~jhnj|np jhn {|j`~i`fp! J{{jaj`mijh Pmjaf \f`oeefhnfn [|j`~i`fp

B|ov{ -JP\[B) v~iaisfn wj|iovp p~jhnj|np g|oe o~mf| ihnvp~|y jhn p~jdfmoanf| o|bjhisj~iohp jp

|fgf|fh`f o| p~j|~ihb {oih~p( Ie{o|~jh~ay! JP\[Bp |f`oeefhnfn p~jhnj|np jhn {|j`~i`fp poef~iefp

niggf| g|oe ~mfpf pov|`f p~jhnj|np ~o j``ovh~ go| |fbiohja niggf|fh`fp vhizvf ~o ~mf J{{jaj`mijh p~j~fp(

:( Myn|jvai` G|j`~v|ihb O{f|j~iohp Rfaa @ohp~|v`~ioh jhn Ih~fb|i~y Bvinfaihfp! Jef|i`jh[f~|oafve Ihp~i~v~f! J[I Bvinjh`f No`vefh~ MG:! Gi|p~ Fni~ioh! O`~olf|

0( [|j`~i`fp go| Ei~ibj~ihb Pv|gj`f Ie{j`~p Jppo ij~fn ri~m Myn|jvai` G|j`~v|ihb! Jef|i`jh[f~|oafve Ihp~i~v~f! J[I Bvinjh`f No`vefh~ MG0! Gi|p~ Fni~ioh! Cjhvj|y ( Fhwi|ohefh~ja [|o~f`~ioh go| Ohpmo|f Oia jhn Bjp [|onv`~ioh O{f|j~iohp jhn Afjpfp!Jef|i`jh [f~|oafve Ihp~i~v~f! J[I \f`oeefhnfn [|j`~i`f 6:\! Gi|p~ Fni~ioh! Cvay