Apache Cheatsheet

7/24/2019 Apache Cheatsheet

1/7

================================Packages================================-httpd- redhat-config-httpd (RHELAS3)- system-config-httpd (RHELAS4/FC4/FC5)- httpd-manual

================================Files================================-/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf-/etc/httpd/conf.d/*-/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf- .htaccess

================================

Daemons==- httpd

############################################

Virtual Hostingis a method that servers

such as webservers use to host more than one domain name onthe same computer, sometimes on the sameIP address.

===

Types of Virtual Hosts==

There are two types of virtual hosts:

1.IP-based2. Name based ( non-IP-based )

1 [ IP based ]

The former is where each virtual host has its own IP address. You will need a new IP addressfor eachvirtual host you want to set up, either from your existing allocation or by obtaining


2/7

more from your service provider.Once you have extra IP addresses, you tell your machine tohandle them. On some operating systems, you can give asingle ethernet interface multiple addresses(typically with an ifconfig alias command). On other systems you will haveto have a differentphysical interface for eachIP address (typically by buying extra ethernet cards).

-[ Name based ]--

IP addresses are a resource that costs moneyand are increasingly difficult to get hold of,so modern browsers can now also use 'non-IP' virtual hosts. This lets youuse the same IP addressfor multiple host names.

Name based virtual hosts is used for hosting multiple websites on thesame webserver IP address.

Setup I - IP basedvirtual hosting.

-[ 1 ]

-->Edit apache config file# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

LINE 56ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

# Filenames that do "not" begin with "/", the value of ServerRoot

# is prepended, i.e. /etc/httpd

# LINE 272

ServerName www.linobox.com:80# Decomment it, enter the servername

# LINE 312DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # set folder for the webpages

# LINE 401DirectoryIndex index.html # set the name of the file that is first

read


3/7

#--[ 2 ]--## chmmod 755 /var/www/html/

#--[ 3 ]--#--> Create default index page for the website by the named "index.html" under /var/www/html

# chmod 644 /var/www/html/index.html

#--[ 4 ]--## service httpd restart

#--[ 5 ]--## chkconfig --level 35 httpd on# make httpd start on bootup

Setup II - Name Based Virtual Hosts####

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost 192.168.10.30

ServerName linobox.com

ServerAlias www.linobox.comServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/linobox.com

ErrorLog logs/linobox.com-error_logCustomLog logs/linobox.com-access_log

common

You could use the above to repeat for more virtual hosts (only s

ection )

-

Step 2-5 from Setup

Setup III - IP Based Virtual Hosts

--> Create IP alias


4/7

# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/#

cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:0# vi ifcfg-eth0:0

DEVICE=eth0:0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=192.168.10.255

IPADDR=192.168.10.200

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

NETWORK=192.168.10..0

ONBOOT=yes

-->

edit config file

#vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost 192.168.10.30

ServerName linobox.com

ServerAlias www.linobox.com

ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/linobox.com

ErrorLog logs/linobox.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/linobox.com-access_log common

# repeat for all other virtual hosts

NameVirtualHost 192.168.10.100ServerName cryptonys.comServerAlias www.cryptonys.com

ServerAdmin [email protected]


5/7

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/cryptonys.comErrorLog logs/cryptonys.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/cryptonys.com-access_log common

############################################

Setup password protection - inside httpd.conf

############################################

#vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

AuthName

"Restricted Site" # This would be shown before entering the site

AuthType Basic# Type of Authentication

AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/htpasswdrequire valid-user

# useradd nouresh

# passwd nouresh

--> Create Passwd file

# touch /etc/httpd/htpasswd

-->Change group ownership of password file

# chgrp apache /etc/httpd/htpasswd

-->make accessible for reading# chmod g+r /etc/httpd/htpasswd

--> adds the user "nouresh" to the password file

"/etc/httpd/htpasswd"# htpasswd -m /etc/httpd/htpasswd nouresh

############################################Setup password protection - .htaccess############################################


6/7


7/7

Order deny, allow

# explicitly allow

Deny from xxx.com# deny from this host

Documents

Apache Cheatsheet