APA Bibliography Format Tim Roufs Tim Roufs APA Bibliography Format (American Psychological Association)

APA Bibliography FormatTim Roufs

APA Bibliography Format

(American Psychological Association)

http://www.d.umn.edu/~troufs/

If you took Comp 1120 College Writing at UMD you probably learned the MLA (Modern

Language Association) format.


Follow APA conventions for documenting your work.

Use APA style rather than the ASA (American Sociological

Association) format, unless you are already using ASA.


• alphabetize• on a separate page• after the text of your document, but

before any appendices or notes• number each page, continuing the

numbering of the text


Your APA bibliography section should be called "References."

http://www.d.umn.edu/socanth/guide/guide08.html

• Author(s)• Publication Date• Title• Publication Information

• place of publication• publisher• (sometimes) page numbers


Whichever format you use, you need to include information on:

Spencer, R. F. (1969). The north Alaskan Eskimo.

Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.

(Original work Published in 1959)


Reference to a work with a single author:

Coleman, B., Frogner, E., & Eich, E. (1971). Ojibwa myths

and legends. Minneapolis: Ross and Haines.


Reference to a work with multiple authors:

Hodges, J. C., & Whitten, M. E. (Eds.). (1986). Harbrace

college handbook (10th ed.). San Diego: Harcourt

Brace Jovanovich.


Reference to a later edition of a work with multiple authors :

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. (1986).

Record of decision: Final environmental impact statement,

land and resource management plan, Superior National

Forest. (USDA Publication No. 641- 110/20043).

Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.


Reference to a book or report with a corporate author:

Cultural status of the South African man-apes. (1955). In

Annual report of the Smithsonian Institution (pp. 318-

338). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.


Reference to a government report with an unknown author not available from the

Government Printing Office:

Durant, W., & Durant, A. (1961). The story of civilization:

Vol. 7. The age of reason begins (pp. 479-484). New

York: Simon and Schuster.


A reference to part of a specific volume in a multi-volume work:

Fleischman, W. A. (1978). Resident and non-resident owner

attitudes toward land use. Unpublished manuscript,

University of Minnesota Duluth, Center for Community

and Regional Studies, Duluth, MN.


Reference to an unpublished manuscript:

Black, D. (1979). Common sense in the sociology of law.

American Sociological Review, 44, 18-27.

------------------------If pagination is not continuous add the issue number in

parentheses after the volume number:

Black, D. (1979). Common sense . . . , 44(6), 18-27.


Reference to an article in journal with continuous pagination throughout the

annual volume:

Patterson, F. (1978, October). Conversations with a gorilla.

National Geographic, 438-465.


Reference to an article from a monthly magazine:

Creedon, J. (1979, September 24). The Kosinski method.

Minnesota Daily, pp. 32, 34.


Reference to an article from a newspaper where the author is given and where pages

are discontinuous:

Puzzling out man's ascent. (1977, November 7). Time, 64-69.


Reference to an article from a weekly magazine or weekly newspaper, with no

author given:

Davis, K. (1963a). Social demography. In B. Berelson (Ed.),

The behavioral sciences today (pp. 124-137). New York:

Basic.

Davis, K. (1963b). The theory of change and response in modern

demographic history. Population Index, 29, 345-366.


Reference to two works of the same author in the same year; arrange alphabetically by

title, add a, b, c, etc.:

Carneiro, R. L. (1974). A theory of the origin of the

state. In Y. A. Cohen (Ed.), Man in adaptation (2nd

ed., pp. 417-426). Chicago: Aldine. (Reprinted from

Science, 1970, 169, 733-738)


Reference to an article reprinted in a collection of works by different authors:

Hallowell, A. I. (1955). The nature and function of

property as a social institution. In A. I. Hallowell,

Culture and experience (pp. 236-249). Philadelphia:

University of Pennsylvania Press. (Reprinted from

Journal of Legal and Political Sociology, 1943, 1,

115-138)


Reference to a work in a collection of works by the same author:

Culture change. (1976). Encyclopedia of anthropology (pp.

97-98).


Reference to an unsigned article in a reference work:

Levy, M. M. (1979, September 24). [Letter to the editor].

Minnesota Daily, Sec. 1, p. 6.


Reference to a letter to the editor:

Downs, H. (Narrator). (1968, March 21). The first Americans

[TV Video]. New York: NBC News.


Reference to a TV or radio program:

Gardner, R. G. (Director). (1964). Dead birds [Film].

Washington, DC: Harvard University, Peabody Museum,

Film Study Center.


Reference to a film:

Laundergan, J C. (2000, December 8). [Functional analysis

of social stratification.] Sociology 1100 class

lecture. University of Minnesota Duluth. Duluth, MN.


Reference to a lecture:

Although most agree on the components for electronic citations, format standards are just emerging for citations from electronic media.

For citing WebSites the tendency seems to be to italicize (or underline) the title of the site, or, if there is no title, to include a description such as “Home Page,” but not underlined or italicized or in quotation marks.


Reference to electronic citations:

For the latest up-to-date information see:

Style Sheets for Citing Internet & Electronic Resources -- UC Berkeley - Teaching Library Internet Workshops

Electronic Reference Formats Recommended by the American Psychological Association -- APA



http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/Style.html

http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html

http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html

•Author's Last Name, Initial(s). • (Date of document). [if different from date accessed]

•Title of document. •Title of complete work. [if applicable]

•Version or File number. [if applicable] • (Edition or revision). [if applicable]

•Protocol and address, access path, or directories.• (date of access).



Kim, A. Home page. 9 Oct. 1997. <http.//www.cohums.ohio

-state.edu/english/people/kim.1>.


Reference to an Unnamed WebSite:

Burka, L. P. (1993). A hypertext history of multi-user

dimensions. MUD history. http://www.utopia.com/talent/

lpb/muddex/essay (2 Aug. 1996).


Reference to a Named WebSite:

Classical myth: The ancient sources. Dept. of Greek and Roman

Studies, U of Victoria. 28 Mar. 1998 <http://

www.wesleyan.edu/~cbays/homepage.html>.


Reference to a WebSite by a Corporate Author:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (2000). Title of

article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxxxxx. Retrieved month

day, year, from source.


Reference to an Online periodical:

Browing, T. “Embedded Visuals: Student Design in Web

Spaces.” Kairos: A journal for teachers of writing 2.1

(1997). 9 Oct. 1999 http://english.ttu.edu/

kairos/current/toc.html>.



Zahn, M. “State’s Sex Offender Law: Is it working?”

Milwaukee journal sentinel online. 28 Mar. 1998.

<com/forums/sexoffender/0328sex.stm>.



Crump, E. Re: Preserving Writing. Alliance for Computers and

Writing listserv. acw-l@unicorn. acs.ttu.edu (31 Mar. 1995).


Reference to E-mail, Discussion Lists, and Newsgroups:

Fine arts. (1993). In E. D. Hirsch, Jr., J. F. Kett, & J. Trefil (Eds.),

Dictionary of cultural literacy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

INSO Corp. America Online. Reference Desk/

Dictionaries/Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (20 May

1996).


Reference to Online Reference Sources:

ID Software. (1993). The ultimate doom. NY: GT Interactive

Software.


Reference to Software Programs:


You no longer need to include words like "Inc.," "Publishers," "and Co., " "Company," "Ltd.," and "Limited" in your references section.

Thus, for example, refer simply to “St. Martin's” rather than “St. Martin's Press.”

There is one exception: with university presses, spell out the entire publisher (for example, "The University of Chicago Press").

For more information see the Dept. Writing Guide

APA Bibliography Format Tim Roufs

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APA Bibliography Format Tim Roufs Tim Roufs APA Bibliography Format (American Psychological Association)