John Hancock

Smuggling

Ship building

Self-government

Protection (strongest navy in the world)

Tobacco monopoly

Middle men

Strict manufacturing laws

“economic adolescence”

Lack of banking institutions

A B

AP US HISTORY BELL WORK

George Grenville… Prime Minister

French & Indian War debt

1763-Enforcement of Navigation Acts

1764-Sugar Act- first law passed to raise revenue from the colonies

1765-Quarting Act (housing of troops)

1765-Stamp Act (requiring stamps on commercial & legal docs- including cards)

STEPS TO REVOLUTION

Courts used to enforce Sugar and Stamp Acts

No jury

Burden of proof is on the defendants

Why were the Quartering Acts needed? No French and the Pontiac’s Rebellion had been crushed?

ADMIRALTY COURTS & QUARTERING ACTS

English political tradition… rights of Englishmen (Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights etc.)

Taxation without representation

Only elected representative could tax

Virtual representation?

Legislation vs taxation

Stamp Act Congress

COLONIAL RESPONSES

Stamp Act Congress 1765- unifying group that states the rights of colonists

Others protests included home spun clothes- boycotts of British goods

Sons & Daughters of Liberty… “Liberty, Property and No Stamps!”

Protests- mob attacks

COLONIAL RESPONSE CONT.

Non-enforcement- resignation of officials.

Boycotts hurt British trade (1/4 of British goods)

1766- Parliament repeals Stamp Act

But… pass the Declaratory Act- bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever

BRITISH RESPONSE

An obvious drinker- but still gave speeches in Parliament

1767- Townsend Acts

Taxes were indirect customs taxes (outside of English control)

Suspension of NY legislature- violated the Quartering Act

“CHAMPAGNE CHARLEY” TOWNSEND

Outcries due to the fact the taxes were used to pay royal governors

Smuggling (especially tea)

Protests met with British troops sent to the colonies- Boston

March 5, 1770- Boston Massacere

11 killed including Cripus Atticks

Trial- John Adams represents the troops (two guilty of manslaughter- the others were branded)

RESPONSES

Townsend Acts repealed (increasingly due to a loss of revenue)

But… a tea tax remained

Samuel Adams (penman of the Revolution) organizes the Committees of Correspondence

From Boston, more C of C’s sprouted colonially

LORD NORTH

Facing bankruptcy- needed to sell unsold tea

Awarded a monopoly in the colonies- would be cheaper than smuggled tea

Tea Parties take place all over- most famous is in Boston

BRITISH EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY

1774- passed a series of Repressive Acts

Boston Port Act

Chartered laws abolished and town meetings banned

Trials for murdered colonists by British officials are held in England

Quebec Act- Canada guaranteed Catholic rights, drew Canadian borders

INTOLERABLE ACTS

Set a precedent- drawing borders and allowing for Catholics in a predominately Protestant North America

Continental Congress meets for the first time in 1774

COLONIAL RESPONSE

Created a Declaration of Rights

Appeals to the King

Complete boycott- but not a declaration of Independence… will meet again later

1ST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS

Reject the appeals…

Detachment of troops sent to Lexington & Concord to obtain weapons cache

BRITISH REACTION