AP Physics C Mechanics. Summer Assignment

__________Name___________________________________ Date__________________ 100 points

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Write thecorresponding capital letter on the line provided. In space provided, show ALL work for credit. Attach any extra scrappaper, if needed.

1) In science, "facts" 1)A) are more important than theories. B) mean very little.C) are absolute. D) may change.

2) The scientific method is most effective in 2)A) gaining, organizing, and applying new knowledge.B) making theories.C) performing experiments.D) discovering new things.

3) The synthesis of a large collection of information that contains well-tested and verified hypothesesabout certain aspects of the world is known as a scientific

3)

A) hypothesis. B) theory. C) fact. D) none of these

4) Science is a body of knowledge that 4)A) describes order in nature.B) is an ongoing activity of humans.C) condenses knowledge into testable laws.D) All of the above choices are correct.E) None of the above choices are correct.

5) When a scientist is dishonest and reports false information, he or she 5)A) like in so many other professions, will be excused by the scientific community.B) gets no second chance in the scientific community.

6) A scientific hypothesis may turn out to be right or it may turn out to be wrong. If it is a validhypothesis, there must be a test for proving it

6)

A) wrong. B) right.

7) Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis? 7)A) Matter is filled with undetectable particles.B) There are parts of the universe that will never be found by man.C) There are things we will never know about.D) The Moon is made of green cheese.

8) The scientific spirit is based upon 8)A) hypotheses of well-known philosophers. B) consensus in the scientific community.C) honesty and trust. D) experimentation.

9) Whereas Aristotle relied on logic in explaining nature, Galileo relied on 9)A) mathematics. B) logic also. C) experiment. D) patterns.

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10) In a scientific experiment, a control is 10)A) a test that duplicates an experimental test except for one variable.B) a way to study the effects of just one experimental variable.C) both A and B

11) Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because 11)A) if you choose religion and art, you can forget about science.B) if you choose science, you can forget about religion and art.C) all three have different domains.D) if you choose the right one, you can forget the other two.

12) Science and technology are 12)A) responsible for all the good in the world.B) responsible for all the bad in the world.C) related to one another, but are not the same thing.

13) Compared with a 1-kg block of solid iron, a 2-kg block of solid iron has twice as much 13)A) mass. B) volume. C) inertia. D) all of the above

14) Your weight is 14)A) the gravitational attraction between you and the Earth.B) a property of mechanical equilibrium.C) actually your mass.D) all of the above

15) Compared with the mass of a certain object on Earth, the mass of the same object on the Moon is 15)A) less. B) the same. C) more.

16) The force of friction on a sliding object is 10 N. The applied force needed to maintain a constantvelocity is

16)

A) less than 10 N. B) more than 10 N. C) 10 N.

17) Whirl a rock at the end of a string in the air and it follows a circular path. If the string breaks, thetendency of the rock is to

17)

A) follow a straight-line path. B) revolve in a smaller circle.C) continue to follow a circular path. D) increase its speed.

18) A car traveling at 22 m/s comes to an abrupt halt in 0.1 second when it hits a tree. What is themagnitude of the acceleration in meters per second per second of the car?

18)

A) 110B) 220C) 880D) can't be solved without the mass of the car

19) A player hits a ball with a bat. The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. The reactionto this force is the

19)

A) weight of the ball. B) air resistance on the ball.C) force that the ball exerts on the bat. D) weight of the bat.

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20) A skydiver falls towards the Earth. The attraction of the Earth on the diver pulls the diver down.What is the reaction to this force?

20)

A) water resistance that will soon act upward on the diverB) air resistance the diver encounters while fallingC) the attraction to the planets, stars, and every particle in the universeD) the attraction of the diver on the Earth that pulls the Earth toward the diver

21) A car traveling at 100 km/hr strikes an unfortunate bug and splatters it. The force of impact is 21)A) greater on the car. B) greater on the bug. C) the same for both.

22) A rifle recoils while firing a bullet. The speed of the rifle's recoil is small because the 22)A) momentum of the rifle is smaller.B) rifle has much more mass than the bullet.C) force against the rifle is smaller than against the bullet.D) momentum is mainly concentrated in the bullet.

23) The conservation of momentum is most closely related to 23)A) Newton's 3rd law. B) Newton's 4th lawC) Newton's 2nd law. D) Newton's 1st law.

24) The impulse-momentum relationship is a direct result of 24)A) Newton's 1st law. B) Newton's 4th law.C) Newton's 3rd law. D) Newton's 2nd law.

25) A piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball that isinitially at rest. After the putty sticks to the ball, both move with a combined momentum of

25)

A) more than 1 unit. B) less than 1 unit.C) 1 unit. D) not enough information

26) A flower pot of mass m falls from rest to the ground below, a distance h. Which statement iscorrect?

26)

A) The speed of the pot when it hits the ground is proportional to h.B) The speed of the pot when it hits the ground depends on m.C) The KE of the pot when it hits the ground is proportional to h.D) The KE of the pot when it hits the ground does not depend on m.E) None of these are correct.

27) A 1000-kg car and a 2000-kg car are hoisted the same distance. Raising the more massive carrequires

27)

A) more than four times as much work. B) less work.C) as much work. D) twice as much work.

28) If the mass of the Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would 28)A) decrease. B) increase also. C) stay the same.

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29) When the distance between two stars decreases by half, the force between them 29)A) increases to four times as much.B) stays the same.C) increases to twice as much.D) decreases by one-quarter.E) decreases by one-half.

30) A hunter on level ground fires a bullet at an angle of 2 degrees below the horizontal whilesimultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. Which bullet will hit the groundfirst?

30)

A) the fired oneB) the dropped oneC) Both hit at the same time.

31) A car accelerates at 2 meters per second per second. Assuming the car starts from rest, how muchtime does it need to accelerate to a speed of 30 m/s?

31)

A) 2 secondsB) 30 secondsC) 60 secondsD) 15 secondsE) none of these

32) An astronaut on another planet drops a 1-kg rock from rest and finds that it falls a vertical distanceof 2.5 meters in one second. On this planet, the rock has a weight of

32)

A) 3 N. B) 5 N. C) 1 N. D) 2 N. E) 4 N.

33) Two people, one twice as massive as the other, attempt a tug-of-war with 12 meters of masslessrope on frictionless ice. After a brief time, they meet. The heavier person slides a distance of

33)

A) 6 m. B) 4 m. C) 3 m. D) 0 m.

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34) If you push an object twice as far while applying the same force, you do 34)A) twice as much work. B) half as much work.C) four times as much work. D) the same amount of work.

35) A baseball bat is balanced on a fulcrum. The center of gravity of the bat is located 35)A) near the heavy end. B) above the fulcrum. C) closer to the handgrip.

36) A river 100 m wide flows due south at 1 m/s. A boat that goes 1 m/s relative to the water leaves thewest bank. To land at a point due east of its starting point, the boat must be pointed

36)

A) east. B) northeast.C) southeast. D) nowhere—it can't be done.

37) A diver who weighs 500 N steps off a diving board that is 10 m above the water. The diver hits thewater with kinetic energy of

37)

A) 510 J. B) 500 J.C) 5000 J. D) more than 5000 J.

38) Half way to the center of a completely hollow planet with a thin uniform shell, your weight wouldbe

38)

A) the same as at the surface.B) zero.C) one-half of your weight on the surface.D) one-quarter of your weight on the surface.

39) Galileo's use of inclined planes allowed him to effectively 39)A) eliminate friction.B) slow down the acceleration of free fall.C) increase the acceleration beyond that of free fall.D) eliminate the acceleration of free fall.

40) While a car travels around a circular track at constant speed, its 40)A) velocity is zero. B) acceleration is zero.C) both A and B D) none of the above

41) A hockey puck is set in motion across a frozen pond. If ice friction and air resistance are neglected,the force required to keep the puck sliding at constant velocity is

41)

A) the weight of the puck divided by the mass of the puck.B) equal to the weight of the puck.C) 0 N.D) the mass of the puck multiplied by 10 m/s2.E) none of the above

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42) A force is a vector quantity because it has both 42)A) action and reaction counterparts.B) magnitude and direction.C) mass and acceleration.

43) An object is propelled along a straight-line path by a force. If the net force were doubled, itsacceleration would

43)

A) double.B) stay the same.C) quadruple.D) halve.E) none of the above

44) Suppose a particle is being accelerated through space by a 10-N force. Suddenly the particleencounters a second force of 10 N in the opposite direction of the first force. The particle with bothforces acting on it

44)

A) theoretically tends to accelerate toward the speed of light.B) continues at the speed it had when it encountered the second force.C) is brought to a rapid halt.D) decelerates gradually to a halt.E) none of the above

45) A Mack truck and a Volkswagen traveling at the same speed have a head-on collision. The impactforce is greatest on the

45)

A) Volkswagen. B) Mack truck. C) same for both

46) If an object remains at rest, then the sum of both the external torques and the external forces on theobject must be zero.

46)

A) True B) False

47) A piece of rope is pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. Each pulls with 400 N of force. What is thetension in the rope?

47)

A) 600 NB) 400 NC) 800 ND) 0 NE) none of the above

48) 0.0001776 can also be expressed as 48)A) 1.776 × 10-3. B) 1.776 × 10-4. C) 17.72 × 104. D) 1772 × 105.

49) The number 0.003010 has 49)A) 7 significant figures. B) 6 significant figures.C) 4 significant figures. D) 2 significant figures.

50) What is the value of (8.104)2, written with the correct number of significant figures? 50)A) 206.324 B) 206.323 C) 206.3 D) 206 E) 200

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51) What is the difference between 103.5 and 102.24 written with the correct number of significantfigures?

51)

A) 1 B) 1.3 C) 1.26 D) 1.260 E) 1.2600

52) A weight lifter can bench press 171 kg. How many milligrams (mg) is this? 52)A) 1.71 × 108 mg B) 1.71 × 109 mg C) 1.71 × 107 mg D) 1.71 × 106 mg

53) An object moves 15.0 m north and then 11.0 m south. Find both the distance it has traveled and themagnitude of its displacement.

53)

A) 26.0 m, 26.0 m B) 4.0 m, 4.0 m C) 26.0 m, 4.0 m D) 4.0 m, 26.0 m

54) If you are driving 72 km/h along a straight road and you look to the side for 4.0 s, how far do youtravel during this inattentive period?

54)

A) 18 m B) 80 m C) 20 m D) 40 m

55) The velocity v(t) of a particle as a function of time is given by v(t) = (2.3 m/s) + (4.1 m/s2)t - (6.2m/s3)t2. What is the average acceleration of the particle between t = 1.0 s and t = 2.0 s?

55)

A) 0 m/s2 B) -15 m/s2 C) -13 m/s2 D) 15 m/s2 E) 13 m/s2

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56) An airplane travels at 300 mi/h south for 2.00 h and then at 250 mi/h north for 750 miles. What isthe average speed for the trip?

56)

A) 270 mi/h B) 260 mi/h C) 280 mi/h D) 275 mi/h

57) A jet plane initially at rest is launched from a catapult on an aircraft carrier. In 2.0 s it reaches aspeed of 42 m/s at the end of the catapult. Assuming the acceleration is constant, how far did ittravel during those 2.0 s?

57)

A) 24 m B) 16 m C) 42 m D) 84 m

58) You walk 33 m to the north, then turn 60° to your right and walk another 45 m. How far are youfrom where you originally started?

58)

A) 68 m B) 39 m C) 35 m D) 75 m

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59) Vector A has a magnitude of 6.0 m and points 30° north of east. Vector B has a magnitude of 4.0

m and points 30° west of south. The resultant vector A + B is given by

59)

A) 2.7 m at an angle of 8.3° south of east. B) 2.7 m at an angle of 8.3° east of south.C) 3.2 m at an angle of 8.3° south of east. D) 3.2 m at an angle of 8.3° east of south.

60) A girl throws a rock horizontally, with a velocity of 10 m/s, from a bridge. It falls 20 m to the waterbelow. How far does the rock travel horizontally before striking the water, assuming negligible airresistance?

60)

A) 24 m B) 16 m C) 14 m D) 20 m

61) A boy kicks a football from ground level with an initial velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 30° abovethe horizontal. What is the horizontal distance to the point where the football hits the ground if weneglect air resistance?

61)

A) 20 m B) 30.0 m C) 60 m D) 35 m E) 18 m

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62) A car of mass 1100 kg that is traveling at 27 m/s starts to slow down and comes to a complete stopin 578 m. What is the magnitude of the average braking force acting on the car?

62)

A) 690 N B) 550 N C) 340 N D) 410 N

63) An object is being acted upon by three forces and as a result moves with a constant velocity. Oneforce is 60.0 N along the +x-axis, and the second is 75.0 N along the +y-axis. What is the magnitudeof the third force?

63)

A) 96.0 N B) 48.0 N C) 67.5 N D) 15.0 N E) 135 N

64) A particularly scary roller coaster contains a loop-the-loop in which the car and rider arecompletely upside down. If the radius of the loop is 13.2 m, with what minimum speed must thecar traverse the loop so that the rider does not fall out while upside down at the top? Assume therider is not strapped to the car.

64)

A) 14.9 m/s B) 11.4 m/s C) 12.5 m/s D) 10.1 m/s

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65) A 2.0-kg ball is moving with a constant speed of 5.0 m/s in a horizontal circle whose diameter is 1.0m. What is the magnitude of the net force on the ball?

65)

A) 0 N B) 100 N C) 40 N D) 50 N E) 20 N

66) A force of 30 N stretches a very light ideal spring 0.73 m from equilibrium. What is the forceconstant (spring constant) of the spring?

66)

A) 22 N/m B) 34 N/m C) 41 N/m D) 46 N/m

67) An object attached to a spring is pulled across a horizontal frictionless surface. If the force constant(spring constant) of the spring is 45 N/m and the spring is stretched by 0.88 m when the object isaccelerating at 1.4 m/s2, what is the mass of the object?

67)

A) 31 kg B) 28 kg C) 36 kg D) 24 kg

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68) How much work would a child do while pulling a 12-kg wagon a distance of 4.3 m with a 22 Nforce?

68)

A) 52 J B) 67 J C) 95 J D) 109 J

69) How much kinetic energy does a 0.30-kg stone have if it is thrown at 44 m/s? 69)A) 440 J B) 510 J C) 290 J D) 580 J

70) What is the minimum energy needed to change the speed of a 1600-kg sport utility vehicle from15.0 m/s to 40.0 m/s?

70)

A) 20.0 kJ B) 10.0 kJ C) 40.0 kJ D) 0.960 MJ E) 1.10 MJ

71) An ideal spring has a spring constant (force constant) of 60 N/m. How much energy does it storewhen it is stretched by 1.0 cm?

71)

A) 60 J B) 600 J C) 0.30 J D) 0.0030 J

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72) A 0.10-kg ball, traveling horizontally at 25 m/s, strikes a wall and rebounds at 19 m/s. What is themagnitude of the change in the momentum of the ball during the rebound?

72)

A) 1.2 kg · m/s B) 5.4 kg · m/s C) 1.8 kg · m/s D) 4.4 kg · m/s

73) Two ice skaters suddenly push off against one another starting from a stationary position. The45-kg skater acquires a speed of 0.375 m/s relative to the ice. What speed does the 60-kg skateracquire relative to the ice?

73)

A) 0.00 m/s B) 0.28 m/s C) 0.75 m/s D) 0.50 m/s E) 0.38 m/s

74) A golf ball of mass 0.050 kg is at rest on the tee. Just after being struck, it has a velocity of 102 m/s. Ifthe club and ball were in contact for 0.81 ms, what is the average force exerted on the ball by theclub?

74)

A) 7.1 kN B) 5.5 kN C) 6.3 kN D) 4.9 kN

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75) What is the angular speed, in rad/s, of a flywheel turning at 813.0 rpm? 75)A) 85.14 rad/s B) 95.33 rad/s C) 63.84 rad/s D) 13.53 rad/s

76) Through how many degrees does a 33 rpm turntable rotate in 0.32 s? 76)A) 63° B) 74° C) 46° D) 35°

77) When a fan is turned off, its angular speed decreases from 10 rad/s to 6.3 rad/s in 5.0 s. What is themagnitude of the average angular acceleration of the fan?

77)

A) 0.74 rad/s2 B) 1.2 rad/s2 C) 0.86 rad/s2 D) 0.37 rad/s2

78) You are given the following information:

Gravitational constant G = 6.67×10^ 11 m^3/ kg*s^2Mass of Earth = 5.9736×10^24 kgRadius of Earth = 6400 km

A projectile is fired vertically from the surface of the Earth at 5 km/s. The projectile will

78)

A) go into an elliptical orbit about the Earth. B) go into circular about the Earth.C) rise and fall back to the Earth's surface. D) none of these

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79) A child is riding a merry-go-round that is turning at 7.18 rpm. If the child is standing 4.65 m fromthe center of the merry-go-round, how fast is the child moving?

79)

A) 0.556 m/s B) 1.80 m/s C) 3.50 m/s D) 5.64 m/s E) 1.75 m/s

80) A 15-kg child is sitting on a playground teeter-totter, 1.5 m from the pivot. What is the magnitudeof the minimum force, applied 0.30 m on the other side of the pivot, that is needed to make thechild lift off the ground?

80)

A) 740 N B) 66 N C) 75 N D) 23 N

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