AP BIOLOGY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT 2016

INTRODUCTION

Welcome to AP Biology. The purpose of this activity is to familiarize you with our first unit of study – evolution. Many students are overwhelmed by the rigor of this course – the more you stay organized and ahead, the more successful you will be. As you prepare for our year, I highly encourage you to take the following steps over the summer so that you are ready to go on the first day of school.

Buy an AP Exam Preparation Guide – this will help you throughout the year

Visit the AP Biology Course website, https://apstudent.collegeboard.org/apcourse/ap-biology and be sure to review the course overview and course description

Complete the Summer Assignment!!

E-mail Mrs. Brown at brownsc@pwcs.edu and introduce yourself, tell her why you’re taking AP Biology!

PART I – Pre-AP Vocabulary Review

AP Biology is a vocabulary-intensive subject and we will move very quickly through the curriculum. It is

easy to become overwhelmed with vocabulary and then be completely lost. The best thing you can do

to prepare yourself for the school year is to learn the terms that you learned when you took Biology or

Pre-AP Biology. I’m not collecting any aspect of your work with these terms but expect that you know

the terms by the time we begin in August.

If I were you, I would just start by looking up these terms using a reliable source. Chapter references

are from the Biology: Unity and Diversity of Life textbook for AP Biology. Wikipedia IS NOT a reliable

source. A link to the glossary for this textbook can be found on one of Mrs. Brown’s AP Biology School

Fusion Pages (until June 30)

You can make a list or flashcards for the terms you don’t already know. Your goal is to know the

definition of each term in a biological context and possibly also learn an example.

PART II – Introduction to the AP Biology Science Practices Videos

You will be asked to view a number of videos online throughout the year in lieu of lecture in our “flipped”

class. Many of them are found the class website or on “You Tube” under “Bozeman Biology”. Others

will be assigned as the year progresses. You will take notes on these videos or there are times I will

provide you with a worksheet to accompany the video. Instead of notes, you will tape the sheet into

your notebook. I will go over the actual set up of your video notebook at the beginning of the school

year.

Over the summer, I would like you to view the first 7 videos in the AP Biology Series on Bozeman

Science and complete the accompanying worksheets for each. You will be placing these in your video

notebooks at the beginning of the year.

PART III – Content Reading #1 - Survival of the Sickest

Big Idea Content Reading #1: Survival of the Sickest, by Dr. Sharon Moalem

In addition to textbook reading, you will be reading four non-fiction books related to our four big ideas.

The first of these is Survival of the Sickest. Please complete the book and the accompanying

questions (found on the next two pages) and be ready to discuss the content of the book during

the first week of school!

Pre-AP Biology Vocabulary Review Chapter 2 – Life’s Chemical Basis

Atoms Chemical bonds covalent bond

Elements Hydrogen bonds ionic bond

pH Polarity Solutions

Chapter 3 – The Molecules of Life Amino acids Disaccharide Lipids Metabolism

Monomer Monosaccharide Nucleic acids Nucleotide

Organic Polymer Polysaccharides Proteins

Chapter 4 – Cell Structure and Function Chloroplast Cytoskeleton Endoplasmic reticulum Eukaryotic

Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Mitochondria Nucleus

Phospholipid bilayer Prokaryotic Ribosomes Vacuole

Chapter 5 – Ground Rules for Metabolism Active transport ATP Diffusion Endocytosis

Enzyme Exocytosis Fluid mosaic Hypertonic

Hypotonic Isotonic Passive transport

Chapter 6 – Where it Starts: Photosynthesis Autotroph Calvin cycle

Heterotroph Light reaction

Photosynthesis

Chapter 7 – How Cells Release Chemical Energy Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration Cellular respiration

Electron transport chain Fermentation Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Chapter 8 – DNA Structure and Function Autosome Centromere Chromosome

Diploid DNA DNA replication

Mutation Sex chromosome Sister chromatid

Chapter 9 – From DNA to Protein anticodon codon mRNA

RNA rRNA transcription

translation tRNA

Chapter 11 – How Cells Reproduce Homologous chromosomes Asexual reproduction

Interphase Mitosis

Cytokinesis

Chapter 12 – Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Allele Crossing over Gamete

Haploid Meiosis Sexual reproduction

Somatic

Chapter 13 – Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits Dominant Epistasis Genotype Heterozygous

Homozygous Hybrid Incomplete dominance Monohybrid cross

Phenotype Pleiotropy Recessive Testcross

Chapter 16 – Evidence of Evolution Adaptation Evolution

Fitness Genetic variation

Homologous structures Natural selection

Chapter 17 – Processes of Evolution Allele frequency Directional selection

Disruptive selection Genetic equilibrium

Stabilizing selection

Chapter 18 – Organizing Information about Species Analogous structure Comparative embryology

Fossil record Phylogenetic tree

Vestigial structure

Chapter 28 – Plant Nutrition and Transport Adhesion Cohesion

Guard cells Stomata

Transpiration Xylem

Chapter 44 – Population Ecology Carrying capacity Dispersion patterns Exponential growth

k-selected species Limiting factor Logistic growth

r-selected species

Chapter 45 – Community Ecology Commensalism Community Competition

Herbivory Mutualism Parasitism

Predation

Chapter 46 – Ecosystems Biogeochemical cycle Disturbance Invasive species

Keystone species Primary succession Secondary succession

Trophic structure

Chapter 47 – The Biosphere Abiotic Biome

Biotic Climate

Ecology

AP Biology Practice 1 – Models and Representations Video Review Sheets www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-1-models-representations

A. What is a model?.....A visual representation of

B. A _____________________ of how it works is a “Conceptual Model”.

C. What are the four Big Ideas we will be discussing in AP Biology? List below along with associated

example: 1. _________________________ - example shows natural __________________

2. Free _____________________ - example:

3. __________________________________ - genetics and cell

4. ________________________________ - pyramid of

C. What are the 5 things you will need to be able to do using models and visual representations?

[Please keep in mind, some of the examples that he uses may be unknown to you at this time, focus

on the “practice” not the content.]

1. _______________

a. Relating to beetles, draw/label the final graph he created below:

b. Why do you think there were fewer light colored beetles when the trees became

darker?

2. _______________ What was is going to move in his example? ____________

3. _______________ They will give you a model and then ___________________ based on

that.

4. _______________ Means that you are __________________ your knowledge to a visual

representation

5. _______________ Asking you to ___________ the knowledge that you have.

D. Models allow us to make ___________ of a ______________ model.

E. What is the most famous model of all? __ __ That was created by ________________________

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 1 – Models and Representations Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 2 – Using Mathematics Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-2-using-mathematics

NEED YOUR CALCULATOR!!!

A. All sciences have what at their core?

B. What is “Mathematical Biology” driven by:

1. _________________________: sequencing DNA – what is the trend?

2. ___________________ Theory: being used to predict

3. Computing ____________________: computers are getting

4. Laboratory experiments in silico:

a. In vitro:

b. In vivo:

c. In silico: simulating

C. Four equations in the four big ideas: want to be familiar with these

1. Evolution: 2. Free Energy 3. Information: 4. Systems

D. Understandings in Using Mathematics:

1. _____________ the _______________ of a Mathematical Routine: Pause video, try

and do it and then check it. You should do this one no problem. Show your work below

2. Apply _________________________ Routines: Again, try this problem, showing your

work below. I think you can do this one based on common sense!

3. ________________________ quantities that ________________ natural phenomena.

a. You can absolutely do this, show work.

b. Potatoes: you can do this too! _________M Sucrose

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 2 – Using Mathematics Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 3 – Scientific Questioning Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-3-scientific-questioning

1. I should be able to ask you, “How do we….

2. Students should be able to answer, “This is how….

3. What is a good example of how you ask questions all the time?

4. What is the problem with:

a. Smallest bird question?

b. Universe question?

c. Genetically modified food question?

5. Why is the plant growth question more scientific?....but what is a problem with it too?

6. Why is the CO2 question a good scientific question?

7. A good question is going to lead to: (2x)

8. What are the three things you have to be able to do during the practice of “Scientific Questioning”?

9. Write out one of the three questions he “posed” concerning the phylogenetic tree. (You are just asking,

not answering.)

10. When you “refine” a question, you are taking it to another _____________

11. What is the third part of scientific questioning?

12. What can you then do if you are good at scientific questioning?

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 3 – Scientific Questioning Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 4 – Data Collection Strategies Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-4-data-collection-strategies

1. What is science? Diagram his flow chart (you can do it left to right): The belief that:

2. In addition to collecting data you have to be able to:

3. Questions in four areas:

a. To _____________________ Data Collection Strategies. See if you can guess the right

answer to the photosynthesis question BEFORE he explains it. You can see how he justified

his answer. Did you get it right? ______

b. To ________________ a plan for ________________ Data of your own i. First

you would need to:

ii. Then: ____________ an experiment that

What would a good essay contain?:

c. To ________________ to

d. To ________________ ________________ of Data.

4. What makes science, science?

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 4 – Data Collection Strategies Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 5 – Analysis and Evaluation of Evidence Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-5-analysis-evaluation-of-evidence

1. One of the first things you want to do with data is:

2. When you look at data, see if there are patterns that you can

3. You will be asked:

a. To ___________________ data to Identify

b. To __________________ Observations and c. To

__________________ Evidence

4. We collect data. First we have to _______________ it and then we have to

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 5 – Analysis and Evaluation of Evidence Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 6 – Scientific Explanations and Theories Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-6-scientific-explanations-theories

A. Diagram the process of developing a theory; be sure to include the feedback loops.

B. The five ways to deal with theories and scientific explanations:

1. Justify claims with

2. Construct explanations based on

3. __________________ the Reasons that Explanations and Theories are

4. Make __________________ and predictions about

5. Evaluate

C. Theories get better and better over ___________ and on the test they want you to be able to

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 6 – Scientific Explanations and Theories Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­/mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

AP Biology Practice 7 – Scales, Concepts and Representations Video Review Sheet www.bozemanscience.com/apb-practice-7-scales-concepts-representations

1. This practice is about ____________________________ knowledge. Bringing together different

disciplines. 2. Scale: draw and label intersecting diagram and use one of his examples:

3. Domains: __________________ of biology. a.

Thermodynamics (Physics) Example:

b. Biochemistry Example:

c. Chemistry Example:

4. Big Idea examples: elaborate on

a. Evolution example: peppered moth, what happens over ___________

b. Free Energy: Feedback loops and how they allow organisms to survive in… c.

Information: Himalayan rabbit ex, expressing different genes depending on d. Systems:

Cotton ex sugar able to create

5. Two goals:

a. Connect Phenomenon and Models Across __________________ and ____________

scales. Try answering the question before he does. ____

b. Connect Concepts _____ and ______________ Domains. Try ___

Are you going to try his Wiki game?

Review Sheet for AP Biology Practice 7 – Scales, Concepts and Representations Contributed by Winnie Litten — YouTube -­­ /mslittenbiology Twitter-­­@mslittenbiology

PART III Big Idea 1 Supplemental Reading Survival of the Sickest

1. What prompted the author’s interest in biology?

2. What are the consequences of hemochromatosis if it’s left untreated?

3. What are the consequences of a shortage of iron?

4. What are chelators and where are they found?

5. Which members of the population were mostly susceptible to the plaque? Why?

6. Why has hemochromatosis remained in the population? What evolutionary advantage does it infer?

7. What benefit does being a carrier of the CF gene provide?

8. How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes different?

9. How does the human body react to serene cold?

10. What evidence is there that predisposition to diabetes might be related to the human cold response?

11. What is a vitamin?

12. Why do many people of Asian descent get the “Asian flush” when they drink alcohol?

13. Why are African Americans prone to high blood pressure?

14. What “weapons” do plants use as defense mechanisms?

15. Why might you NOT want to eat organic celery?

16. What is the “barrier effect”?

17. Why should pregnant women avoid raw meat and cleaning the cat box?

18. Why is “host manipulation”? Provide an example from the text.

19. What did Edward Jenner do?

20. What are “jumping genes”?

21. Why don’t most scientists consider viruses to be alive?

22. Why were brown skinny mice a surprise in the Duke epigenetics study?

23. How might epigenetics be playing a role in rising childhood obesity rates?

24. What is the Hayflick limit for human cells?

25. What is telomerase and what is its role in cancer?

26. Did you like this book? Why or why not?

27. What did you learn about the scientific process by reading this book?