END OF EGYPTION ERA.

2nd

TEST STARTS BELOW

ANCIENT NEAR EAST

Sumerian Akkad Babylonian Assyria Persia

Mesopotamia- Very turbulent natural and warlike setting unlike Egyptian

stability

Cuneiform- Wedge like writing, popularly inscribed in mud

=

Sumer- The white Temple-Ziggurat- Protoliterate period c.3500 BCE

Cella- main room, only entered by priests.

Main entrance on south-east side.

Bent axis approach, uruk- not straight staircase, bent axis

Female Head- marble c.3500 BCE. Very expensive and important. Inlayed

eyes, hair covered with gold or copper wig.

Votive Statues- Tel-Asmar c.3500 BCE. Gift to the gods.

Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone

Goat caught in thicket- Bronze cast c.2600 BCE. Ur

Bronze casting. Very magnificent. Advanced.

Imdugud c.2500 BCE Heraldic composition- central figure with symmetrical

on each side. To ward off evil.

A lintel (post and lintel construction) Storm god.

Harp- Inlay panel from sound box- Ur. C.2600 BCE. Anthropomorphic.

Zoomorphic- People with animal characteristics.

Royal standard of Ur “war”/”peace” c.2600

Registers, Hieratic scale, multiplicity of horses.

The enemy has been conquered. War ended

2nd

Side- Bringing sacrifices, bringing animals for feast

AKKAD

Ruler Sargon 2300BCE

Found in Ninveh. Glorify the soveirenty.

Bronze

Stele of Naram Sin c2300

Stele- Stone marker. Free standing. Commemorative. Pink sandstone

Sarons grandson. Hieratic scale. We can see the terrain. Battle scene on the

bottom. Sign of kingship.

Gudea c2500 Diorite

Has a dream to rebuild temple of lagash. Plans are on his lap.

Rounded body. Unlike Egyptian art. Represented has a man not god.

Babylonian

Isin-larsa. Terracotta- Clay pottery

Inanna, ishtar, lilith- god. God of fertility. Voluptuous.

She is in command- Here helmet and wing

Owl- god of death and resurrection

Bird- wings and feet are falcon. Most powerful bird

Terra-cotta cult statue c2025-1762 BCE

Ht 20”

Stele code of Hamurabi

c.1726 BCE

Diorite 7’ high

Shamosh god is giving Hamurabi the code

Composite view. Hieratic scale.

Headress. Profiling.

Hitties

Lion Gate Bogazkoy (Anatolia) c.1400 BCE

Cyclopean Stones. Lions protecting fort.

Assyrian Art

Citadel of Argone II c.720 BCE

Dur Shorrukin

Entrace, Main courtyard. Palace.

Palace- 50’ high. Mudbrick with timber roofs.

Ziggurat 8 stories to the gods.

Palace of Sargone II

Lamessu- Body of bull.

[INSERT ART]

Army fording a river- Nimrod c.850 Assyria.

Temple of Assurnasirpal- Was built with mudbrick and limestone.

Decorated with these relief’s, carpets, painted, color, details

Enemy fleeing relief from birds eyes view. Floatation device is dead animal.

Overlapping shows person behind chariot

King Hunting Lions c.850

Same temple as above

Not a real lion hunt because musicians are behind it,

More legs show more horses

Lion attacking chariot c.850

Same relief, temple

Wounded Lioness c.650

Temple of Ninveh- King Assurbanipal

Artist portrayed a lot of pain in Lioness

Neo Babylonian

Ishtar Gate in Iraq c.525

Nebuchadnezzar

Thousands of individually glazed bricks with Raised animals.

Animal relief’s.

Persian Period. Cyrus the Great

Persian lasted 2 centuries. Hodu to Cush. Darius and Zerksys.

Persepolis c.518

Built by Darius I

Relief’s on side of palace. Massive Columns

Double headed bull

Top of the column in Palaces of Ataxerkxis.

Heinrich Schlieman

Sir Arthur Evans

Linear A, Linear B

Aegean Art- Marble c.2500

Cycladic, Minoan- on Crete

Mycenaean- Helladic on Greek mainland.

Cycladic Art c.2500 BCE

Marble female idols

Harp Player

Minoan Art

Palace at Knossos, Crete

Ground plan,

Was administrative and trade center. Port next to it.

Found goods from Crete in Egypt signified trade

Columns- used to be narrow at bottom and “grow” until reaches top

No fortification- no military campaigns in wall paintings.

Queens Megaron- dolphins.

Wall painting, fresco- when drawing that is applied to the wet plaster before

it dries.

Pottery- Kamaresware

Beak jug- c.1850

Octupus Vase c.1500

Signified an octopus whos eating.

Wall painting, palace of Knossos

Bull Jumping c1500 BCE

Harvester Vase- Stone Rhyton

c.1550

Snake Goddes

Minoan, Crete. Holding snakes. Wearing headdress

Terecotta, 13” tall.

Breats Revealed (hehe)

DISREGARD THIS

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