ASSIGNMENT

Pharmacognosy

Family Liliacea

Family labiateae

SUBMITTED TO

Mam Nazia Aslam

SUBMITTED BY

AOUN MUHAMMAD BPD 02123227

BURHAN NAEEM BPD02123151

SHAHID HAFEEZ BPD 02123044

ROHAB AHMED BPD 02123059

Family Liliacea

General

The Liliaceae family are characterised as monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous, bulbous (or rhizomatous in the case of Medeoleae)[4] flowering plants with simple trichomes (root hairs) and contractile roots.[5] The flowers may be arranged (inflorescence) along the stem, developing from the base, or as a single flower at the tip of the stem, or as a cluster of flowers. They contain both male (androecium) and female (gynoecium) characteristics and are symmetric radially, but sometimes as a mirror image.

Specificity

Inflorescence: usually indeterminate as a raceme, or sometimes reduced to a single terminal flower . When pluriflor the flowers are arranged in a cluster or rarely are subumbellate or a thyrse

Flowers: hermaphroditic, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetric), pedicellate generally large and showy but may be inconspicuous Bracts may (bracteate) or may not (ebracteate) be present. The perianth is undifferentiated (perigonium) and biseriate (two whorled

Androecium: six stamens in two trimerous whorls, with free filaments, usually epiphyllous (fused to tepals) and diplostemonous , although Scoliopus has three stamens opposite the outer tepals

Gynoecium: superior ovary stigma ovules usually with an integument and thinner megasporangium. (megagametophyte) tetrasporic (e.g. r megaspores fuse to form a triploid nucleus, Liliales.

Fruit: a capsule that is usually loculicidal but occasionally septicidal The seeds may be flat, oblong, angular, discoid, ellipsoid or globose (spherical), or compressed with a well developed epidermis.

Leaves: simple, entire (smooth and even), linear, oval to filiform mostly with parallel veins, but occasionally net-veined. They are alternate and spiral, but may be whorled (three or more attached at one node, The aerial stem is unbranched.

ExamplesGarlic,aloe,colchicum

Floral diagram :

Floral Formula :Br actinomorphic P(3+3) A3+3 G(3)

Garlic

Botanical origin:Allium Sativum

Part usedRhizome,dried or fresh

Habitat:Central Asia

Composition:Volatile Oil,With Sulphur componuds,geraniol,linalool, phennnalfrenes.

USES : Garlic for related to heart and blood system including for BP and chronic diseases. For treating different types of cancer including prostate , lung s and stomach . Also used for fever , cough , headache , high BP, snack bites .

Aloe:

Botanical origin:Aloe barbadenis

Part used :Leaf exudates

Common Name :Aloe vera

Habitat:Europe, US, California ,China

Chemicals Constituents:Glycoproteins , minerals , barbaloin , isobabrbaloin , essentials oil

Uses : Used for ulcerative colitis, fever , itching For stomach ulcers , diabetes , asthma, radiation treatment . As remedy for skin Usually for constipation For epilepsy , bleeding absence of menstrual periods

Colchicum :

Botanical origin:Colchicum autumnal

Part used :Fresh tubers , seed flower

Habitat:England , Turkey , China , Pakistan , Bangladesh , Afghanistan

Chemicals Constituents:Colchicinie . alkaloids , flavonoids ,phytosterines .aromatic acid and starch

Uses : For blocking the immigration and autolysis of phagocytes I n inflammatory processes Used for treating inflammatory disorder