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AOS 4: Koko – ‘Yiri’• Sub-Saharan African music• From Burkina Faso (Western African musical
traditions)
What is Sub-Saharan African music like?
What is its importance?
Who participates?What is it com
bined with?
What occasions is it used for?
Is it different to Western music?
Instrumental music
ChoralDrumming
Instruments
What is its importance?
Communication
FeelingsEmotions
Social gatherings
Who participates?
Everybody
Unites people Regardless of ability
Part of everyday life
What is it combined with?
MovementCostumes
Stories Speech
Mime
Masks Body painting
What occasions is it used for?
Weddings
Funerals Birthdays
Harvest
Do you think music has the same role and importance throughout the world?
Do you think it is appreciated in the same way?
Drumming • Certain rhythms mean certain things• Communication• Oral tradition – no traditional notation• Varies from region to region• Will increase in tension• Signal • Solo• Improvisation• Master drummer
Choral
• Music = link to spirit world• Call and response• Short, simple melodies• Improvisation• Harmony varies from region to region• Overlapping textures• Tone languages – Pitch determines the
meaning of words
Instrumental
• Membranophones • Idiophones• Aerophones• Chordophones• Body percussion• Vocables • Interlocks and overlaps
Common features of Sub-Saharan African music
• Repetition/Cyclic patterns• Improvisation• Polyrhythm• Call & Response• Cyclic structure• Intertwining melodies• Polyphonic texture• Singing in harmony• Cross rhythms
Instruments
Djembe
Talking drum/Donno
Dundun
BalaphoneKora Ocarina
Shaker/beaded shekere/cabasa
Instruments in ‘Yiri’
• Vocals• Djembe• Donno• Dundun• Maracas/shakers• Balaphone• Flute• Kora• Tam-tam (gong)
Questions1. Which instruments are used in ‘Yiri’?2. What are the 3 main strands in the piece?3. How does the piece start?4. Identify a place where heterophonic texture is used. What
is this?5. What persists throughout the whole piece?6. Describe the dynamics.7. Where are triplets used?8. How would you describe the texture when all the parts are
playing/singing?9. How is variety achieved in this piece?10. How does the piece end?