Aortography
Aortography
AortographyA form of angiography that outlines the lumen of the
aorta and major arteries from it.In this procedure, a dye is
injected into the aorta. The dye can be seen on an X-ray. This
shows how well blood is flowing through the aorta.Aortography can
show if there:Are any blockages in the aorta.Is a tear in the wall
of the aorta (aortic dissection).Is a weak spot with widening in
the aorta (aortic aneurysm).
RISKS AND COMLICATIONS
Bleeding.An allergic reaction to the dye or medications
used.Swelling or bruising at the groin insertion
site.Infection.Blood clots.
With any procedure, risks and complications can occur. With
aortography, some people may experience:
7BEFORE THE PROCEDUREDo not eat or drink 8 hours before the
procedure.You will need to fill out paperwork and sign consent
forms for the procedure.
PROCEDURE
Preparation:
Hair will be removed from the groin area and the site will be
cleaned with an antiseptic solution.PROCEDURE
Preparation:
Patient will be given alocal anestheticto the groin area. A
specialized physician (radiologist) will insert a needle into the
artery of the groin. A thin flexible wire will be passed through
the needle. Over this wire, a thin tube (catheter) will be
inserted. The catheter will be threaded up the artery to the aorta.
Once the catheter is in the aorta.
(this area of your body will be numbed, but you will stay
awake).10PROCEDURE
Preparation:
Dye will be injected into the catheter. Patient may feel some
warmth or a burning sensation when the dye is injected.Once the dye
is in the blood vessels, X-ray pictures will be taken. Patient will
be asked to lie still and to hold breath for a few seconds for each
picture.
PROCEDURE
Preparation:
The catheter will be removed after the procedure. Pressure will
be applied for up to 20 minutes to close the puncture hole made in
the groin. A bandage will be placed over the insertion site.
AFTER THE PROCEDUREPatient will be taken to a recovery room
area. The vital signs and the insertion site will be
monitored.Patient will need to lie flat for about 4 hours after the
procedure. Bending the leg that has the groin insertion site can
cause bleeding.
AFTER THE PROCEDUREIf the blood pressure and heart rate are
stable and no bleeding occurs at the insertion site, patient may go
home the same day as the procedure.
End.Document Released: 05/06/2010 Document Revised: 03/11/2013
Document Reviewed: 05/06/2010ExitCare Patient Information 2014
ExitCare, LLC.
Coronary ArteriographyWhat is coronary arteriography?Coronary
arteriography, also known as coronary angiography, is an invasive
procedure that involves cardiac catheterization. It's used to
diagnose coronary artery disease.It is an invasive test it's often
ordered only after you've had a series on noninvasive heart
tests.
What is coronary angiography?Coronary angiography is a procedure
in which a special X-ray of your hearts arteries (the coronary
arteries) is taken to see if they are narrowed or blocked. It is an
important test, used when your doctor suspects or knows that you
have coronary heart disease. During coronary angiography, you are
given a local anesthetic and then a catheter (a long thin tube) is
put into an artery in your groin, or at the inside of your elbow or
near your wrist. The catheter is moved up the inside of your artery
until it reaches your heart. A special dye is then injected into
your coronary arteries and X-rays are taken. The X-ray image (a
coronary angiogram) gives detailed information about the state of
your heart and coronary arteries.
When is coronary angiography required?you have chest pain that
your doctor suspects is caused by narrowed coronary arteries, but
he or she wants to be sure your doctor wants to assess the degree
of narrowing in your coronary arteries to see if you could benefit
from a procedure such as angioplasty or bypass surgery, to relieve
your symptoms and reduce your risk of further heart problems you
have had a heart attackif you had treatment to dissolve the clot
blocking your coronary artery, or you have continuing chest pain,
or the results of an exercise test indicate the need for further
investigation, your doctor will need detailed information about
your heart and arteries.Artery narrowed by build-up of fatty
deposits
Catheter insertion into artery at groin
NURSING CARE OF THE CLIENT HAVING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHYBEFORE THE
PROCEDURE Assess the clients and familys knowledge and
understanding of the procedure. Provide additional information as
needed. Explain that the client will be awake during the procedure,
which takes 1 to 2 hours to complete. A sensation of warmth (a hot
flash) and a metallic taste may occur as the dye is injected. A
rapid pulse or a few skipped beats, also are common and expected
during the procedure.. A good understanding of the procedure and
expected sensations reduces anxiety and improves cooperation during
the procedure
24Provide routine preoperative care as ordered. Although the
client remains awake, sedation may be given. Signed consent is
required, and preprocedure fasting may be ordered. Administer
ordered cardiac medications with a small sip of water unless
contraindicated. Regularly ordered medications are continued to
prevent cardiac compromise or dysrhythmias during the
procedure25Assess for hypersensitivity to iodine, radiologic
contrast media, or seafood. Iodine or seafood allergy increases the
risk for anaphylaxis and requires an alternative dye or special
precautions. Record baseline assessment data, including vital
signs, height, and weight. Mark the locations of peripheral pulses;
document their equality and amplitude. Instruct to void prior to
going to the cardiac catheterization laboratory>An iodine-based
radiologic contrast dye is typically used for an angiogram.>The
data provide a baseline for evaluating changes after the procedure.
>,to promote comfort.26AFTER THE PROCEDURE Assess vital signs,
catheterization site for bleeding or hematoma, peripheral pulses,
and neurovascular status every 15 minutes for first hour, every 30
minutes for the next hour, then hourly for 4 hours or until
discharge.The data provide vital information about the clients
status and potential complications such as bleeding, hematoma, or
thrombus formation27Maintain bed rest as ordered, usually for 6
hours if the femoral artery is used, or 2 to 3 hours if the
brachial site is used. The head of the bed may be raised to 30
degrees. Keep a pressure dressing, sandbag, or ice pack in place
over the arterial access site. Check frequently for bleeding
Arteries are high-pressure systems. The risk for significant
bleeding after an invasive procedure is high.Bed rest reduces
movement of and pressure in the affected artery, reducing the risk
of bleeding or hematoma. (if the access site is in the groin, check
for bleeding under the buttocks).
28Instruct to avoid flexing or hyperextending the affected
extremity for 12 to 24 hours. Unless contraindicated, encourage
liberal fluid intake. >Minimizing movement of the affected joint
allows the artery to effectively seal and promotes blood flow,
reducing the risk of bleeding, hematoma, or thrombus formation.
>An increased fluid intake promotes excretion of the contrast
medium, reducing the risk of toxicity (particularly to the
kidneys). 29Promptly report diminished peripheral pulses, formation
of a new hematoma or enlargement of an existing one, severe pain at
the insertion site or in the affected extremity, chest pain, or
dyspnea. Provide instructions about dressing changes, follow-up
appointments, and potential complications prior to discharge.While
the risk of complications is low, myocardial infarction or
insertion site complications may occur. These necessitate prompt
intervention. 30 2008 National Heart Foundation of Australia ABN 98
008 419 761 INF-045-C
