ANTONYMS…ANOTHER VIEW …

A NEW CONCEPT…

The view that say antonym is the oppositeness of meaning is not totally adequate because some words have no real oppositeness.

Example :Hot is not the opposite of coldBorrow is not the opposite of

lend

FOUR TYPES OF ANTONYMS…

1. Binary antonymThey are predicates which come in pairs

and between them exhaust all the relevant possibilities.

If the one predicate is applicable, then the other cannot be

Example:True x false

If a sentence is true, it cant be falseAlive x dead

If someone is alive, he / she cant be dead

2. Converse If a predicate describes a relationship

between two things (people) and some other predicate describe the same relationship when the two things (people) are mentioned in the opposite order

Example:Parent and Child

X is the parent of Y describes the same situation as Y is the child of X

Below x AboveX is below Y describes the same situation as Y is above X

3. Gradable Antonym Two predicates are gradable antonyms if they are

at opposite ends of a continuous scale of values.Example:

Hot and ColdBetween hot and cold is continuous scales of values ; warm, cool

Young and OldBetween young and old is continuous scales of values ; teenagers, adult

4. Contradictory A proposition is a contradictory of another

proposition if it is impossible for them both to be true at the same and of the same circumstances.

Example:1. This beetle is alive is a contradictory of this beetle is dead.

2. Brutus killed Caesar is a contradictory of Caesar killed Brutus

Now, find 3 examples of each type of

antonyms and give explanation !