ANSWER KEY - ENLITE IASThe motion seeking the removal of the President of India can be initiated either in Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha. He can be removed from office by an impeachment

ANSWER KEY

ENLITE PTS 2019 – ALL INDIA TEST 1. D

Statement 1 is correct. Elections to the state legislative council are indirect. The electorate consists of members of local bodies, graduates, teachers, MLAs and the rest nominated by governors. They are elected via proportional representation through single transferable vote. Statement 2 is correct. Elections to Rajyasabha are held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of single transferrable vote. They are elected by elected members of state legislative assemblies. Statement 3 is correct.

Parliamentary committees are broadly divided into standing committees and ad-hoc committees. The former are permanent. Members of the Public Accounts Committee, Estimates Committee, and Committee on Public Undertakings are elected by proportional representation by single transferable votes.

2. B

Statement 1 is correct. Schedule X of the Indian Constitution contains provisions as to disqualification on the ground of defection. It prohibits the immediate appointment of a defected member to a constitutional post. Statement 2 is incorrect. It only contains provisions for enacting Anti-defection laws in Parliament or legislative assembly. Statement 3 is correct. Disqualification on the ground of defection does not apply to Chairpersons of legislative bodies if he/she, by reason of his/her election to such office, voluntarily gives up the membership of political party and when he/she rejoins such political party after he/she ceases to hold the office.

3. C

Statement 1 is correct. Freedom of speech and expression is not absolute and is bound to reasonable restrictions which include restrictions on speech that may affect friendly relations with foreign states. Statement 2 is correct. According to Art 358, fundamental rights under Art 19 are automatically suspended when the emergency is declared on the ground of war or external aggression. It does not apply to emergency on the ground of armed rebellion.

4. C

Statement 1 is incorrect. The motion seeking the removal of the President of India can be initiated either in Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha. He can be removed from office by an impeachment process for violation of Constitution. Statement 2 is correct. The Electoral College for the election of President consists of the elected members of both houses of parliament; state legislative assemblies and the assemblies of Delhi and Puducherry. Nominated members of these houses and all the members of state legislative council do not participate Statement 3 is correct. All the members of Parliament, both elected and nominated participates in the impeachment of President.

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5. B

Statement 1 is incorrect. Only Lt Governors of Delhi and Puducherry can issue ordinances. Statement 2 is correct. They can proclaim the ordinances only with the prior consent of the President.

6. A Junipers are coniferous trees that grow in alpine conditions and normally form part of tree line. Deodars are evergreen coniferous trees generally found in alpine conditions below junipers. Sisoo or Indian Rosewoods are dry deciduous trees found towards the foothills of Himalayas. Oaks are moist deciduous trees found in the foothills of Himalayas.

7. A Statement 1 is correct. World malaria report 2018 was released by WHO. The report showed that after an unprecedented period of success in global malaria control, progress has stalled. No significant progress was made globally from 2015-17. However, India succeeded in reducing the cases by 24% in 2017 compared to 2016. Statement 2 is incorrect. DAMaN (Durgama Anchalare malaria nirakaran) initiative was launched by government of Odisha to fight against malaria. It produced impressive results in a short span of time. Odisha recorded a decline of 80% in malaria cases and deaths in 2017.

8. C Statement 1 is correct. Kigali amendment aims for phasing down the production and consumption of HFC, a potent greenhouse gas. More than 190 nations have agreed to phase down HFC‟s by more than 80% by 2045. Statement 2 is correct. Kigali cooling efficiency programme is the philanthropic collaborative that helps developing nations transition to energy efficient, climate friendly and affordable cooling solutions. It works in tandem with Kigali amendment.

9. D

Florianopolis declaration concerns with whaling. It is a non-binding agreement and no longer sees whaling as a necessary economic activity.

10. C When the axial tilt of earth gets halved, Mumbai falls far above the new northern tropic

(highest latitude with overhead sun). Thus, Mumbai receives reduced level of average insolation. Nairobi, Quito and Kuala Lumpur do not experience much reduction in insolation as they lie near to the equator.

11. A

Statement 1 is correct. Arctic Circle is one of the two polar circles which pass through USA, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Denmark and Iceland. All these states are members of Arctic council and have sovereignty rights over the lands within Arctic Circle. Statement 2 is incorrect. Arctic council is an intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by arctic governments and the indigenous people there. The members include those countries that

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fall within Arctic Circle. Outside these, there are some observer states that include India, China, Japan, Italy, Spain, France etc.

12. D

Statement 1 is incorrect. UNESCO Global Geoparks are single, unified geographical areas where sites of international geographical significance are managed holistically. At present, there are 147 Geoparks in 41 countries. The sites for these are nominated by IGG (International Geo science and Geo Park programme of UNESCO). Statement 2 is incorrect. As of now India doesn‟t have any global Geoparks. However, Lonar lake of Maharashtra and St. Mary‟s island and Malpe beach of Karnataka have been shortlisted by Geological survey of India.

13. C

Statement 1 is incorrect. Even though Satavahanas were Hindus and claimed brahminical status, they also generously promoted Mahayana Buddhism as evident from Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda Stupas. Vajrayana Buddhism emerged during the era of pala dynasty in the eastern part of India. Statement 2 is correct. Nasik inscription of Goutami Balasri mentions her son Gautamiputra Satkarni. Statement 3 is correct. Gahasattasai is ancient collection of Indian poems in Prakrit language by Hala, a Satavahana king.

14. A

Humayun had two major rivals for his lands- Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat to the south west and Sher Shah Suri to the Bihar to the east. In 1532, Gujarat came under the attack of Humayun and fell. After losing two wars with Sher Shah Suri (Battle of Chausa and Battle of Kanauj) he retreated to Persia and spent 15 years over there. He regained his kingdom with the help of Iranian ruler Shah Tahmasp. His exile in Persia resulted in the rise of Persian influence in Mughal art and culture in his patronage.

15. D

Statement 1 is correct. Socialism in general is a range of economic and social systems characterized by social ownership of means of production and workers self-management. However the Indian brand of socialism is different as India adopted „mixed economy with socialistic inclination‟ which further shifted to „mixed economy with open market tendencies‟ after 1991 reforms.

India has entered free trade agreements with other nations and has been actively promoting it. Statement 2 is correct. As India adopted a mixed economy, both public and private companies are allowed to compete with each other. Statement 3 is correct. Decentralization in planning and developmental activities started with the 7th Five year plan and was accorded constitutional validity with the 73rd and 74th amendment acts. Planning commission was abolished in 2014.

16. B Part IVA of Indian constitution mainly contains obligation of citizens towards state,

individuals and environment. They do not contain obligations of citizens towards international organizations. However, it finds a mention in Directive principles of state policy.

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17. B

Statement 1 is incorrect. The values of votes of all MPs participating in the Presidential election are equal. However the value of vote of MLA does depend on the total population of their respective states. Statement 2 is correct. The seats are allotted to the states in Rajya sabha on the basis of population. Hence the number of representatives varies from state to state. For example, UP has 31 members while Tripura has only 1.

18. C

The term cabinet was introduced into the constitution by the 44th amendment act. However, the term „Secular‟ was introduced by the 42nd amendment act. The term Sovereign was present in the constitution, right from its inception.

19. A The framers of the constitution made the DPSP‟s non-justiciable and non-enforceable because:

The country did not possess sufficient financial resources.

Presence of vast diversity and backwardness in the country.

To prevent the newly born state from being crushed by the burden of implementing them.

20. B

According to Article 93, the deputy speaker of Loksabha is elected by the Loksabha itself from amongst its members. Thus, he is not appointed by the speaker.

21. B

Irrawady river is the largest river of Myanmar that empties into Andaman sea. Danube is Europe‟s second longest river that flows through 10 countries located in the central and Eastern Europe. Volga river is the longest river in Europe which flows through central Russia and drains into Caspian sea.

22. C

The trend of the headline inflation figures given in the table shows a reduction in the rate of inflation. Thus it is a case of disinflation. Deflation is a general fall in the level of prices. Reflation is an attempt to raise prices to counteract deflationary pressure. Creeping inflation is a rate of price increase of 1-5% a year. Between 5-10% rise it is called

trotting inflation, between 10-20% rise it is called galloping inflation and further change indicates hyperinflation.

23. A

Statement 1 is correct. The concept of Standing deposit facility was first recommended by Urijit patel committee in 2014. It is a remunerated facility in which central bank borrows from commercial banks without any provision for collateral. Statement 2 is incorrect. During inflation, in line with the tight monetary policy pursued by RBI, the central bank will increase the rate of SDF.

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24. D A simultaneous rise in both NNP and NDP in India can occur only when an Indian entity or citizen earns income within the territory of India. Statement 1 is incorrect. US embassy in India is considered to be foreign territory and hence will only lead to increase in NNP and not NDP. Statement 2 is incorrect. Profits of a branch of SBI in Japan will also only lead to an increase in NNP and not NDP. Statement 3 is incorrect. Rent received by Cocacola in India increases only the NDP and not the NNP.

25. B

The Balance of payment in current account is the sum of balance of trade, net factor income and net transfer payments. A consistent increase in CAD means a net outflow of foreign exchange. A high deficit implies the country has to sell rupees and buy dollars to

pay its bills. This reduces the demand for Indian rupee and hence it depreciates.

26. A Statement 1 is correct. Fasal project is a program sponsored by Ministry of Agriculture that aims to collect monsoon data through remote sensing and monitoring of crops. A team of ISRO, state agricultural universities and many other institutions are working on this project. Statements 2 and 3 are incorrect. ARPIT and LEAP are two initiatives of Ministry of HRD that aims for professional development of higher education faculty.

27. B

Farm loan waivers have been rampant in increasing the fiscal deficit of the state. They have also resulted in a spike in the NPA‟s in the agricultural sector for the banks.

28. D

Statement 1 is correct. Infrared photography is a special branch of photography where the film used is sensitive to infrared light. This helps in thermal imaging. Statement 2 is correct. Infrared astronomy is branch of astronomy that studies astronomical objects visible in the infrared radiation. Statement 3 is correct. Infrared tracking also known as infrared homing refers to a passive missile guidance system that uses emission from a target of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region

to track it. 29. B

Doppler Effect is the difference between the observed frequency and the emitted frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to the source of the waves. Doppler Effect finds application in navigation & oceanography, weather forecasting, disaster management and space studies. Statement 1 is correct. When a star emits light, the colour of its light as observed on earth depends on its motion relative to the earth. When a star moves towards earth, its light is shifted to higher frequencies on the colour spectrum i.e. towards the violet side. Statement 2 is correct. When earth moves towards the star, again the light shifts to violet end of the spectrum.

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Statement 3 is incorrect. When a star recedes away from earth, its light is shifted to lower frequencies on the current spectrum i.e. towards red.

30. A

Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide. It is primarily used as a cooling agent because of its lower temperature than water ice and the property of not leaving any residue. It is very useful for preserving frozen food using non cyclical refrigeration. It can also be used to freeze biological samples, make ice creams, solidify oil spills, and prevent insect activity in closed containers of food without altering the taste or quality.

31. A Statement 1 is correct. Radio telescopes are mostly located in regions having low density of population to avoid

electromagnetic interference (EMI) from radio, television, radar, motor vehicles and other man-made electronic devices. Statement 2 is incorrect. Radio telescopes show the highest efficiency when they are parabolic in shape.

32. A Statement 1 is correct. Bioflavonoids are plant derived compounds and are good anti-oxidants. They are compounds abundant in the pulp and rinds of citrus fruits and other foods containing vitamin C, such as soybeans and root vegetables. Statement 2 is incorrect. Bioflavonoids help maximize the benefits of Vitamin C by inhibiting its breakdown in the body.

33. A Statement 1 is correct. Provision of Article 324 clearly mentions that the Chief Election Commissioner can be removed only in the same manner as that of the Supreme Court Judge of India. Other Election Commissioners can be removed from office based on the recommendation of CEC. Statement 2 is incorrect. Central Information Commission is not a constitutional body, but is a statutory body. The salary and emoluments of CIC is mentioned in Right to Information Act 2005.

34. B

With an increase in foreign investment, the capital account deficit is likely to reduce. Hence

Option B is incorrect.

35. D YONO (You Only Need One) is an integrated digital banking platform offered by State Bank of India (SBI) to enable users to access a variety of financial and other services such as taxi bookings, online shopping, or medical bill payments. NPCI is associated with all other initiatives. Bharat Bill Payment System is a one-stop ecosystem for payment of all bills providing an interoperable and accessible “Anytime Anywhere” bill payment service to all customers across India with certainty, reliability and safety of transactions. National Financial Switch is an Indian ATM network and connects more than 50000+ ATMs. National Common Mobility Card is India's first indigenously developed payment platform. It is indigenous Automatic Fare Collection System based on One Nation One Card Model.

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36. D

All the statements are incorrect. Narmada flows between Vindhya and Satpura ranges. Tapi originates in Satpura range and flows between Satpura and Satmala ranges. Yamuna is a right bank tributary of Ganga while Kosi is a left bank tributary. Hirakud dam is built across Mahanadi river.

37. A Tropical Forests are more diverse. As a result commercial viability of lumbering is not possible. But in Siberian forests large number of single species are available which makes commercial lumbering possible. The cheap labour is abundant in the tropical regions.

38. A

Utility Fog is a hypothetical collection of tiny robots that can replicate a physical structure. It is a form of self-reconfiguring modular robotics.

39. C Statement 1 is incorrect. Healthy Planet Healthy Life is the theme of Global Environmental Outlook – 6. Statements 2 and 3 are correct. The report observed that poor environmental conditions accounted for 25% of global disease and mortality and resulted in around 9 million deaths in 2015 alone. It advocates for a less-meat intensive food and reducing food wastes. The report makes a strong case for a rapid drawdown in greenhouse gas emissions and pesticide use to improve air and water quality.

40. D Both the given statements are incorrect. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) was introduced in European Countries and Japan before India. EPR is not part of CSR in India but is part of many Rules like E-Waste Management Rules, Solid Waste Management Rules etc.

41. B Montreal Protocol limits the use of ozone depleting substances and SF6 is not an ODS. Stockholm Convention deals with Persistent Organic Pollutants. Use of Endosulfan is banned under this convention with effect from mid 2012. Minimata convention deals with regulation of use of Mercury.

Rotterdam Convention deals with the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade. CFCs are not regulated under this convention.

42. C Saint Helena also known as Charter Act of 1833 was enacted during the tenure of William Bentick. Macaulay Committee was formed during the tenure of William Bentick and that committee advocated for imparting education in English language. Woods Despatch which advocated for imparting education in vernacular language was formed during Lord Dalhousie‟s period.

43. D Swadesh Sevak Home was founded in Vancouver by G D Kumar on the lines of the India house in London. They also brought out a Gurumukhi paper called Swadesh Sewak which advocated social reform and also asked Indian troops to rise in revolt against the British.

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44. D

Both the given statements are incorrect. Nana Phadnavis was not a Peshwa of Marathas, but was an influential minister and statesman of the Maratha Empire and was called "the Maratha Machiavelli" by the Europeans. Pindari war, also known as third Anglo Maratha (1817-1818) was the final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company (EIC) and the Maratha Empire in India. Marathas were supported by the Pindaris and Marathas were lost in the battle. Nana Phadnavis died in 1800 and was not a part of Pindari war.

45. D All the given statements are correct. Based on the Champaran Satyagraha (1917) led by Mahatma Gandhi in Champaran, an inquiry committee was formed by British to inquire into the plight of indigo cultivators.

Mahatma Gandhi was also a member of this committee. The "Gujarat Sabha" was a public political organization founded in 1884 at Ahmedabad. Gandhiji served as its President during 1918-1919 and played a pivotal role in Kheda Satyagraha. Later Gujarat Sabha merged with Indian National Congress. Ahmedabad Mill Strike happened due to conflict between mill owners and mill workers on withdrawal of Plague bonus. Gandhiji underwent Hunger Strike to protect interest of workers.

46. A Statement 1 is correct. Jainism supports the idea of rebirth in which a soul undergoes the cycle of birth and death in different life forms till they attain Kaivalya. Statement 2 is incorrect. There is no concept of a supreme reality like God in Jainism.

47. A Buddhacharitha and Saundarananda were written by Asvaghosha who belong to Kushana period. Buddhacharitha portrays life of Gautama Buddha. Saundarananda is a poem with the theme of conversion of Nanda, Buddha's half-brother, so that he might reach salvation. Mricchakatika is considered to be written during 5th century AD (probably during Gupta rule) and is written by Sudraka.

48. B Statement 1 is incorrect.

Yogacara Vijanavada is a school of Mahayana Buddhism. Statement 2 is correct.

49. C Among the given pairs Rani Ki Vav and Konark has the largest distance between them.

1 2

Location 1 State Location 2 State

Bhimbetka Madhya Pradesh Ajanta Maharashtra

Jantar Mantar New Delhi Khajuraho Madhya Pradesh

Rani ki Vav Gujarat Konark Odisha

Hampi Karnataka Sanchi Madhya Pradesh

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50. A The most abundant inert gas in atmosphere is Argon

Argon > Neon > Helium > Krypton > Xenon

51. D

Statement 1 is incorrect. Out of the total incoming solar radiation entering the earth‟s atmosphere, 35% is sent back to space, 51 % is received by the earth‟s surface and 14% is absorbed by the atmosphere. Statement 2 is incorrect. The average albedo of the Earth is about 35% but widely varies locally across the earth surface because of different geological and environmental features and has no direct correlation with latitudes. For example, surfaces such as snow, ice and clouds etc. have high albedo (>0.5) whereas dark soils, sand, grass etc. have low albedo.

52. D Statement 1 is incorrect. Green Revolution refers to the use of high yielding variety seeds, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers for increasing agricultural productivity. Statement 2 is incorrect. The focus of green revolution was increasing the production of food grains like wheat and rice to meet the increasing food demand and become self-sustained. Statement 3 is incorrect. Green revolution has resulted in increasing the inequality gap between different parts of the country.

53. B Statement 1 is incorrect. Right to Information Act, 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information. A nominal fee is charged for giving information under RTI.

Marginalised sections may seek exemption from payment of RTI fees. Statement 2 is correct. As per Election Commission of India's recent directive, political parties are outside the preview of RTI.

54. B The order of water bodies while travelling from Black Sea to Mediterranean Sea is as follows: Black Sea Bosporus Strait Sea of Marmara Dardanelles Strait

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55. A

Statement 1 is correct. The Vice President acts as President in the absence of the president due to death, resignation, impeachment etc. Statement 2 is incorrect. As per Article 67 of constitution, Vice President has a tenure of 5 years. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Legislative Council elects its Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson from amongst its members.

56. D The combination of landlocked states are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Assam.

57. C Statement 1 is correct.

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Royal Commission on Labour of 1929 or Whitley commission was appointed to report and make recommendations on the existing conditions of labour in industrial undertakings and plantations in British India. Statement 2 is correct. The commission was critical of British employers and stated that poverty was the cause of India's social and industrial problems.

58. A Dadabai Naoroji represented India at Socialist Conference at Amsterdam in 1905.

59. C

Statement 1 is correct. Muthuramalinga Thevar was one of the founding members of the Forward Bloc and played a key role in recruiting personnel to INA from South India Statement 2 is correct.

60. A

Statement 1 is correct: In 1917, when Mrs Besant and her associates were arrested, Tilak advocated the use of passive resistance against the Government. Statement 2 is incorrect. At the time of Home rule movement, Tilak refrained from using religious symbols unlike his approach in Swadeshi movement. Statement 3 is incorrect: Tilak formed the league after coming out from the Mandalay jail in Burma where he was serving a 6 year jail term based on sedition charges. So it was prior to Home Rule Movement.

61. D

Statement 1 is incorrect. DRDO has established the world‟s Highest Terrestrial Research Centre which will serve as a natural cold storage for preserving endangered and rare medical plants for future generations. Statement 2 is incorrect. The research Centre is located near Pengong Lake at Changla in Ladakh.

62. B The Aluminium foil behind a router directs the signals away from deadening walls and other obstructions. It works as a reflector to optimize signals in a room.

63. B

Statement 1 is incorrect. The composition scheme is applicable to manufacturers or traders whose taxable business turnover is up to ₹1.5 crore (₹75 lakh in case of North-Eastern States). A service provider can opt for the scheme if his taxable turnover is up to ₹50 lakh. Businesses with inter-State supplies, manufacturers of ice cream, pan masala and tobacco, and e-commerce players cannot opt for the composition scheme. Hence the composition scheme is not mandatory. Statement 2 is correct. A person/firm registered under the composition scheme cannot avail the facilities of input tax credit.

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64. A Statement 1 is correct.

Mitochondrial replacement therapy involves nearly complete replacement of the cytoplasm of egg/embryo, eliminating the transmission of undesired defective mitochondria. This technique has been utilized in formation of three parent baby. Statement 2 is incorrect. Mitochondrial DNA is solely inherited from mother.

65. C Statement 1 is not correct. Government of India owns the entire 100% share in India Post Payments Bank. Statement 2 is not correct. The bank offers savings and current accounts up to a balance of Rs 1 Lakh. RBI has directed all payments bank account holders to hold not more than Rs 1 lakh in any account at a given point of time. Hence, the moment an IPPB account crosses Rs 1

lakh limit, the transaction will be rejected automatically. Statement 3 is correct. They can issue ATM/debit cards but not credit cards. They can also issue other prepaid payment instruments. They can distribute non-risk sharing simple financial products like mutual funds and insurance products. Statement 4 is correct. Committee on Comprehensive Financial Services for Small Businesses and Low Income Households, headed by Nachiket Mor appointed by the RBI recommended the formation of payments bank.

66. A Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister during the time of World War II when Quit India Movement (1942) took place. Statement 3 is incorrect. The failure of August Offer (1940) resulted in Gandhiji launching Individual Satyagraha.

67. D Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. The secretariat of the each house of the Parliament is headed by the secretary general. Lok Sabha has its own Secetariat and its Secretary General is appointed by Lok Sabha speaker. His recruitment and service conditions are regulated by the Parliament. Recently Snehalata Shrivastava has been appointed as the secretary general of the Lok Sabha, the first woman to hold the post.

68. C Statement 3 is correct. Statement 1 is incorrect. Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan”, is a collaborative effort between the Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Culture and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), and State/UTs Governments. It aims to develop synergy among all partners to effectively promote “responsible tourism” in all major heritage sites and other important tourist sites in India and not just UNESCO World Heritage sites. Statement 2 is incorrect. It appoints monument mitras and not Parabhari officers as leaders of heritage conservation.

69. A

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Composite District Infrastructure Index (DII) – Ministry of Development of North East Region. City Liveability Index – Ministry of Urban Development Composite Water management Index – NITI Aayog

70. B Woody Island (Largest Island of Parcel Islands) and Spartly Islands are often found in news as they are disputed islands between China and its neighbors. Kuril Island is located along western Pacific Ocean disputed between Japan and Russia.

71. D Both the statements are incorrect. Aryabhatta was India's first satellite, which was launched in 1975 using a Kosmos-3M, a Russian rocket launch vehicle. The PSLV, expendable medium-lift launch vehicle designed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was first launched on 20 September 1993. The first cryogenic rocket engine developed by Indian Space Research Organisation was used to power the upper stage of the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk III and not Chandrayan 1.

72. B Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect. The Board for Regulation and Supervision of Payment and Settlement Systems (BPSS) is the highest policy making body on payment systems in the country. It is a sub-committee of the Central Board of the RBI. It. The BPSS is empowered for authorizing, prescribing policies and setting standards for regulating and supervising all the payment and settlement systems in the country. The Department of Payment and Settlement Systems of the Reserve Bank of India serves as the Secretariat to the Board and executes its directions. In India payment and settlement system includes money currency and electronic transfer as well as cheque clearances. Statement 3 is correct. In India, the payment and settlement systems are regulated by the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 (PSS Act). In terms of Section 4 of the PSS Act, no person other than the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) can commence or operate a payment system in India unless authorized by RBI.

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73. B Statement 1 and 3 are correct. The National Health Profile covers demographic, socio-economic, health status and health finance indicators, along with comprehensive information on health infrastructure and human resources in health. It is a very important tool in designing various programs and initiatives like Free Drugs and Diagnostics, Mission Parivar Vikas etc. It is annually published by the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence. Statement 2 is incorrect. No Indian state/UT had achieved the WHO recommended doctor population ratio. The doctor-patient ratio in India is less than the WHO-prescribed limit of 1:1000. On an average, a government doctor attends to 11,082 people, more than 10 times than what the WHO recommends.

74. C

Both the statements are correct. Scheme for Translational and Advanced Research in Science (STARS) is a Rs 250 crore project to fund around 500 science projects which will be selected on the basis of competitions. It was launched on National Science Day 2019, by the Ministry of Human Resource and Development. The STARS project will be coordinated by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. Along with this, HRD Ministry in collaboration with the National Skill Ministry and Labour and employment Ministry launched SHREYAS – Scheme for Higher Education Youth for Apprenticeship and Skills to empower non-technical courses.

75. D

Dayanand Saraswathi gave the call for Swaraj as "India for Indians" in 1876. It was later taken up by Lokmanya Tilak.

76. A Statements 1 and 2 are correct. When the Presidents rule is imposed in a state, the President either suspends or dissolves the state legislative assembly. In that situation the Parliament or the delegated authority can make laws regarding any subject in the state list (Article 357). A constitutional amendment bill can be introduced in either houses of the Parliament by a minister or a private member. Further it does not require the prior permission of the President (Article 368). Statement 3 is incorrect. A person who is eligible to contest in elections for Rajya Sabha can contest in Lok Sabha elections also. It is because a person must be not less than 30 years of age to become eligible for Rajya Sabha membership. It is 25 years in the case of Lok Sabha.

77. C Option 3 and 4 are correct. The Tibetan antelope or Chiru is a medium-sized bovid native to the Tibetan plateau, a high altitude ecosystem. The Red Panda lives between 2,200 and 4,800m altitude, in the northern eastern states of Indian and south Asia All other species are not restricted to high altitude ecosystems.

78. B

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SAFER is a new initiative and technical package launched by the World Health Organization (WHO), outlining five high-impact strategies that can help governments to reduce the harmful use of alcohol and related health, social and economic consequences. It is the newest WHO-led roadmap to support governments in taking practical steps to accelerate progress on health, beat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) through addressing the harmful use of alcohol, and achieve development targets.

79. A Statements 1 is correct. The first ever India-US Dialogue on Intellectual Property was launched in New Delhi to deepen bilateral strategic cooperation on IP policy. It will be convened annually, alternating between New Delhi and Washington, DC. Statements 2 is incorrect. The dialogue was coordinated by US Chamber of Commerce's Global Innovation Policy Center (GIPC) and FICCI in partnership with the US-India Business Council.

80. B Statements 1 is incorrect. UNNATI (UNispace Nano-satellite Assembly and Training by ISRO) is Indian Space Research Organisation’s capacity-building programme on nanosatellite development. The UNNATI programme will be conducted for three years by the U.R. Rao Satellite Centre of ISRO in three batches that will benefit officials of 45 countries. Statements 2 is correct. It was launched to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the first United Nations conference on the exploration and peaceful uses of outer space (UNISPACE 50). The programme aims to provide opportunities to the participating developing countries to become stronger in assembling, integrating and testing nanosatellites.

81. D Special drawing rights (SDR) refers to an international currency reserve created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1969 that operates as a supplement to the existing money reserves of member countries. The current basket of SDR comprises currencies viz. U.S dollar, Chinese Yuan, Japanese Yen, Pound Sterling and Euro.

82. B Option 2 is correctly matched. Options 1 and 3 are incorrectly matched. The International Energy Agency is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization established in the framework of OECD in 1974 in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis. The World Economic Forum is based in Geneva, Switzerland and was founded in 1971.

83. A The Panchsheel Treaty or the Five principles of peaceful coexistence is a foreign policy of Noninterference and mutual respect that was emphasized by Jawaharlal Nehru to govern the relationship between India and other countries. Their first formal codification in treaty form was in an agreement between China and India in 1954. The Bandung Conference (1955) was a meeting of Asian and African states aimed at promoting Afro-Asian economic and cultural cooperation and to oppose colonialism

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or neocolonialism by any nation. The conference was an important step towards the policy of Non-Aligned Movement. I.K Gujral articulated the Gujral Doctrine as India‟s foreign minister in September 1996 in order to achieve better relations with neighbours and to secure peace in South Asia. The „Doctrine‟ emphasized the importance of unilateral accommodation for friendly and warm relations with India‟s neighbours. India's Act East Policy focuses on the extended neighbourhood in the Asia-Pacific region and was put forward in 2015.

84. A Option 1 is correctly matched. The Indus Waters Treaty was signed in Karachi on September 19, 1960 by the first Prime Minister of India Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and then President of Pakistan Ayub Khan.

Options 2 and 3 are incorrectly matched. Tashkent Agreement was signed by India‟s prime minister Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966. The Shimla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 under the Prime Ministership of Indira Gandhi.

85. D Statement 1 is incorrect. Doordarshan started colour telecasting in 1982. Independence Day speech by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was the first event followed by 1982 Asian Games. Statement 2 is incorrect. Doordarshan Arunaprabha is an Indian satellite television channel launched in February 2019 for North East. It is the second channel for North East and first for Arunachal Pradesh.

86. C Statement 1 is correct. According to the report of National Centre for Coastal Research almost one-third of India‟s 6,632km coastline was lost to soil erosion between 1990 and 2016. As per the report, West Bengal (63%) and Puducherry (57%) are most-vulnerable to erosion, followed by Kerala and Tamil Nadu at 45% and 41%, respectively. Statement 2 is correct. Along with natural causes like changes in wave pattern, wave intensity, cyclones and depressions, human activities like dredging for ports and construction of dams were cited as the major anthropogenic factors responsible for erosion. The report says that dams on river basins have reduced the flow of sediments to the coasts and hence aggravated erosion.

87. A Options 1 and 2 are correct. The balance of payments crisis of 1991 was one of the biggest challenges in India‟s economic history. As part of the bailout package of IMF, a set of reforms were introduced comprising devaluation of Rupee against major currencies, liberalized industrial policy, inviting FDI‟s and foreign technology agreements, facilitation of free trade by reducing the import duty etc. Option 3 is incorrect. WTO was formed in 1995 and India is one among its founder members. Even prior to that India was a member of GATT since 1948.

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88. B Options 1 and 3 are correct. Option 2 is incorrect. Global Economic Prospects is being published by the World Bank.

89. A Statement 1 is correct. According to 2011 Census of India, among the states, Kerala has the highest female literacy rate (92.07%) and sex ratio (1084). Statement 2 is incorrect. Among the union territories, Lakshadweep has the highest female literacy rate (87.95%) and Pondicherry has the highest sex ratio (1037).

90. B Bogibeel bridge is a combined road and rail bridge over the Brahmaputra river in the north eastern state of Assam between Dhemaji district and Dibrugarh district.

91. B Statement 1 is incorrect. India has been selected as the host for UN Summit on Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) that is to be held in 2020. The Great Indian Bustard (GIB) has been selected as the mascot for the 13th COP of CMS to be held in Gujarat in 2020. The mascot for the event, Great Indian Bustard has been fondly named as „Gibi‟. Statement 2 is correct. CMS is the only global and UN-based intergovernmental organization established exclusively for conservation and management of terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species throughout their range.

92. C High powered money is the base of money supply expansion in the economy. As the reserve money changes, money supply also changes in the same direction. This means if there is more of reserve money in the system, money supply would increase and vice versa. It is also called as reserve money or monetary base. It has the following components:

i. Currency with the Public ii. Other Deposits with the RBI iii. Cash Reserves of the banks held with themselves iv. Cash Reserves of the Banks held with RBI

93. C Though the impact of the sales tax is on the retailer, the incidence lies on the buyer of the commodity as the retailer shifts the tax burden towards the consumers. If the good is perfectly inelastic, then it implies that the good is very important for the consumer and the consumer will demand the good regardless of its price. Common examples include salt, medicines etc. In such cases, the entire tax will be shifted to the consumers in the form of a higher price as the retailer is confident that the consumer will purchase the product irrespective of its price. Correspondingly, the entire incidence of sales tax will be borne by the sellers when the demand of the good is perfectly elastic as any change in price due to taxes significantly reduces the consumption of the commodity.

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94. C

Statement 1 is correct. A common property or resource is a good which faces rivalry of consumption but cannot exclude any entity from consuming it. Statement 2 is correct. Important characteristic of public good is that it has no rivalry of consumption and it has no excludability criterion.

95. D

Primary deficit = Fiscal deficit – Interest Payments Statement 1 is incorrect. Higher fiscal deficit need not universally translate to higher primary deficit. In the period of higher interest liabilities, higher fiscal deficit will not always result in higher primary deficit. High interest payments may nullify the increase in fiscal deficit thereby not making much impact on the primary deficit figures. Statement 2 is incorrect. NK Singh Committee on the Review of FRBM Act has recommended the government to reduce the revenue deficit to 0.8% by 2023. The FRBM Act 2003 had originally prescribed to eliminate revenue deficit by 2008-09.

96. A

Options 1 and 2 are correctly matched. Many essential aspects of Odissi dance form have been borrowed from the Gita Govinda of Jayadeva. Satrriya is a traditional dance drama performance of Assam

that uses devotional music popularly called Borgeets, which were created by Bhakti saint Srimanta Sankaradev. Option 3 is incorrect. Kathak is a traditional classical dance form of northern India. On the other hand, Lai Haraoba is a traditional festival celebrated by Meitei people of Manipur.

97. B Options 1, 3 and 4 are incorrect. Indus Valley civilization was an ancient civilization during the Bronze Age and steel plates were absent during this period. Instead of currency, they used a system of swapping and bartering system for trade. The Indus script is yet to be deciphered and no “hymns praising nature” have been found yet. Option 2 is correct.

Bead making and weaving were amongst the main economic activities of the period.

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98. A Yadavas/Seuna of Devagiri, Kakatiya of Warangal, Hoysala of Dwarasamudra and Pandyas of Madurai were contemporary dynasties during the invasion of Delhi Sultanate under Malik Kafur. Tuluva dynasty belongs to the Vijayanagara empire in the 15th Century AD.

99. D Statement 1 is correct. The United Nations Economic and Social Council is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations which serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues. African states with 14 members have the highest representation in the UN Economic and Social Council. Statement 2 is correct. To be selected as Secretary-General, a candidate must receive the votes of at least 9 members of the United Nations Security Council (15 members), with no vetoes from

permanent members (P5 – USA, China, France, Russia and UK). Statement 3 is correct. Each member state of UN General Assembly has one vote.

100. B Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Alpha radiation consists of alpha particles with two protons and two neutrons (a helium nucleus). When an atomic nucleus releases an alpha particle, it loses two protons and two neutrons. Statement 2 is incorrect. Atomic nucleus is positively charged. Loss of alpha particles only reduces its positive charge (atomic number) and does not make it negatively charged.

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ANSWER KEY - ENLITE IASThe motion seeking the removal of the President of India can be initiated either in Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha. He can be removed from office by an impeachment