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AnS 214 Exam 2 Review. Nervous System - 10. Name the three functions of the nervous system. Nervous System – 10 . Collect sensory input Integrate sensory input Produce motor outputs. Nervous System - 20. What are cell bodies called in the PNS and CNS?. Nervous System – 20 . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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AnS 214Exam 2 Review
Nervous System Muscles CV Diagrams Misc.
10 10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50 50
Nervous System - 10
• Name the three functions of the nervous system
Nervous System – 10
• Collect sensory input• Integrate sensory input• Produce motor outputs
Nervous System - 20
• What are cell bodies called in the PNS and CNS?
Nervous System – 20
• CNS – Nuclei• PNS – Ganglia
Nervous System - 30
• What type of cell forms the blood-brain-barrier?
Nervous System – 30
• Astrocytes
Nervous System - 40
• Myelination is formed by what types of cell in the PNS and CNS?
Nervous System – 40
• CNS – Oligodendrocytes• PNS – Schwann cells
• Bonus question (10 points) : How many nerves are does each cell type cover?
Nervous System - 50
• Describe an EPSP from the generation of an action potential to the post synaptic neuron. Name one type of synaptic relationship that generally causes EPSPs.
Nervous System – 50
• Cell depolarizes, Na+ moves in• Reaches threshold• Generates action potential at axon hillock• Moves towards presynaptic axon terminal• Synaptic vesicles bind to axon terminal and release
neurotransmitter• Bind to receptors on postsynaptic neuron• Excite post-synaptic neuron to open chemically gated
channels• Axodendritic
Muscles - 10
• What are three characteristics of skeletal muscle?
Muscles – 10
• Voluntary• Striated• Attached to bones
Muscles - 20
• Mammalian muscles cell grow by ______________ prenatally and ______________ after birth.
Muscles – 20
• Hyperplasia• Hypertrophy
Muscles - 30
• What makes up the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
Muscles – 30
• Transverse(T) tubules• 2 terminal cisternae
Muscles - 40
• What are the three subunits of troponin and what do they do?
Muscles – 40
• TNt – interacts with tropomyosin• TNi – inhibits Ca bindign• TNc – binds Ca+2
Muscles - 50
• Describe the length-tension relationship and provide examples of what the sarcomere looks like at the extremes.
Muscles – 50
• The amount of tension generated depends on the muscles length before stimulation
• Overly contracted: thick filaments too close to z-disc to contract any more
• Too stretched: Very little overlap, cannot produce enough force to contract
CV - 10
• Cardiac Output = ?
CV – 10
• Stroke volume X Heart Rate
CV - 20
• What percent of cells in the heart have automaticity?
Answer 3 – 20
• 100%
• Bonus Question (10points) : How many actually exhibit automaticity?
CV - 30
• Name three abnormal heart conditions
CV – 30
• Angina• Myocardial infarction• Arrhythmia• Fibrillation• Defective Av node• Defective SA node• Premature ventricular contraction
CV - 40
• Define diastole and systole
CV – 40
• Diastole : ventricular relaxation• Systole : ventricular contraction
CV - 50
• Trace an electrical signal through the heart starting at the SA node
CV – 50
• SA node – fastest depolarization• AV node – connect atria and ventricle• AV bundle/bundle of His• Right and left bundle branches – in septum, go
towards apex of heart• Purkinje fibers – ventricular walls
Diagrams - 10
• Draw an action potential. Include Na+ and K+ permeability.
Diagrams – 10
Diagrams - 20
• Label the waves.
Diagrams – 20
Diagrams - 30
• Label the parts of a myofilament.
Diagrams – 30
Diagrams - 40
• Draw and label a neuron.
Diagrams – 40
Diagrams - 50
• Draw the triad and show the movement of an action potential and calcium ions.
Diagrams – 50
Misc. - 10
• What is your favorite example Dr. Selsby has given in class?
Misc. – 10
• Textbook experiment
Misc. - 20
• What is a “pearl necklace” in the muscle system?
Misc. – 20
• Troponin and tropomyosin
Misc. - 30
• What is follistatin?
Misc. – 30
• Myostatin inhibitor = bigger muscles
Misc. - 40
• Name the three types of motor neurons
Misc. – 40
• Sensory• Interneurons• Motor
Misc. - 50
• Draw the four stages of the cross bridge cycle.
Misc. – 50