Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa

By James LospinusoBy James Lospinuso

Reasons for Acquiring Reasons for Acquiring

A Lack of security during childhoodA Lack of security during childhood A disturbance in an early A disturbance in an early

relationshiprelationship Being depressed Being depressed Lowering your food intakeLowering your food intake Abuse (poor self image brought Abuse (poor self image brought

about by parents, media, latest about by parents, media, latest trends)trends)

Effects of AnorexiaEffects of Anorexia

Person can suffer from hypothermiaPerson can suffer from hypothermia Can suffer from malnutrition Can suffer from malnutrition

-loss of subcutaneous tissue -loss of subcutaneous tissue -muscle wasting-muscle wasting

Acrocyanosis (extremities becoming Acrocyanosis (extremities becoming blue)blue)

Having dry and rough skinHaving dry and rough skin Brittle nailsBrittle nails Dry and listless hairDry and listless hair

Effects continuedEffects continued Thinning of hairThinning of hair DepressionDepression IrritabilityIrritability Behaviors such as compulsive rituals and strange Behaviors such as compulsive rituals and strange

eating habitseating habits Can bruise very easilyCan bruise very easily Symptoms of dehydrationSymptoms of dehydration Low body temperatureLow body temperature Bone lossBone loss Tooth decayTooth decay Below normal heart rate (Anything below 50 bpm is Below normal heart rate (Anything below 50 bpm is

low) low) Alexithymia (a person has a hard time expressing Alexithymia (a person has a hard time expressing

feelings and has disturbances in emotional processes)feelings and has disturbances in emotional processes)

SubtypesSubtypes

The restricting typeThe restricting type - hasn’t involved themselves in binge - hasn’t involved themselves in binge

eating or purging on a daily basiseating or purging on a daily basis Binge eating and purgingBinge eating and purging - makes themselves throw up or use - makes themselves throw up or use

of laxatives, enemas, or diureticsof laxatives, enemas, or diuretics - people battling with this for a long - people battling with this for a long

time turn to laxativestime turn to laxatives

Complications from Complications from frequent laxative usefrequent laxative use

Chronic diarrhea Chronic diarrhea ConstipationConstipation Abdominal pain or other gastrointestinal Abdominal pain or other gastrointestinal

symptoms symptoms

- toxic fluids getting into the small intestine - toxic fluids getting into the small intestine

- cause the body to lose large quantities of - cause the body to lose large quantities of potassium, magnesium and sodium, which potassium, magnesium and sodium, which could lead to dehydration or secondary could lead to dehydration or secondary complications like muscle weakness, renal complications like muscle weakness, renal damage, cardiac arrhythmias, and increase damage, cardiac arrhythmias, and increase your chances of sudden death your chances of sudden death

Risks from the diseaseRisks from the disease

Osteoporosis and osteopathic fractures Osteoporosis and osteopathic fractures Reduces a person’s bone densityReduces a person’s bone density Cardiac complicationsCardiac complications

- sinus bradycardia - sinus bradycardia

- hypertension - hypertension

- it was proven that the cardiac effects - it was proven that the cardiac effects from anorexia could be reversed during from anorexia could be reversed during the re-feeding stage in adolescents the re-feeding stage in adolescents

TreatmentTreatment A person may be admitted into a hospital, A person may be admitted into a hospital,

be closely monitored and eventually will be closely monitored and eventually will have to start the re-feeding process have to start the re-feeding process

Some patients may be out patients and Some patients may be out patients and attend weekly sessions at first, then over attend weekly sessions at first, then over time decrease the amount of sessions time decrease the amount of sessions

Group therapy is the most successful way Group therapy is the most successful way to deal with anorexia to deal with anorexia

- Talking with groups of people that have - Talking with groups of people that have been experiencing the same thing helps been experiencing the same thing helps patients feel better most of the time patients feel better most of the time

Works CitedBerghold, Karena and James Lock. Assessing Guilt in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa. American Journal Of Psychology Volume 56 No. 3 2002 p378-390Erkolahti, Ritva, Simon Saarijarvi, Tuula Ilonen and Hariet Hagman. Self Image Of Anorexia And Bulimic Female Adolescents Nord J Psychology Volume 56 No.6 2002 p447-450Jagielska G. Bone Mineral Content And Bone Mineral Density With Anorexia Nervosa- A longitudinal study. Acta Psychair Scand 2001:104 p131-137Kohn, Michael and Neville H. Golden. Eating Disorders In Children And Adolecents Paeditr Drugs 2001:3 (2): 91-99Mont, Lluis, Josefina Castro, Benito Herreros Carle Pare, Manel Azgueta, Jurdo Margina, Josefina Puig, Josep Toro and Josep Brugada. Reversibility Of Cardiac Abnormalities In Adolecents With Anorexia Nervosa After Weight Reovery J. Am/ Acad Child Adolecsent Psychology 42:7 July 2003 p808-813Swenne, I. Changes In Body Weight And Body Mass Index In Teenage Girls Prior To Onset And Diagnosis Of An Eating Disorder Taylor And Francis Acta Peeditar 90:677-681 2001Turner, Justine Mary Batik, Lyle Palmer, David Forbes and Brett McDermott. Detection And Importance Of Laxatives Use In Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa J. Am. Acad. Child Adolescent Psychology 39:3 March 2003 378-385Zonnevijille, JS, S.H.M Van Goozen, P.T Cohen-Kettenis, A. Van Engeland and H. Van Engeland. Do Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa Patients Have Emotional Deficits In Emotional Functioning? European Child and Adolescent Psychology 11:38-42 2002