ANNUAL TRADE STATISTICS BULLETIN 2018 · 2 The product category precious stones & metals is composed of diamonds (80%), gold (18%) and other precious stones and jewelry (1%). 3The

ANNUALTRADESTATISTICSBULLETIN2018

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MissionStatement

“Leveraging on partnerships and innovative technologies, to produce and disseminate relevant, quality, timely statistics and spatial data

that are fit-for-purpose in accordance with international standards and best practice”

VisionStatement

“Be a high performance institution in quality statistics delivery”

CoreValues

Integrity

Excellent Performance

Accuracy

Team Work

Accountability

Transparency

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PrefaceForeigntradestatisticsplaysanimportantroleinmanyeconomiesandNamibiaisnoexception.Itisan

accountofall transactionsofmerchandisebetweendomesticresidentsandtherestoftheworld.The

accountmeasures the value and quantity of goodswhich add or subtract from the stock ofmaterial

resourcesofacountrybyentering(imports)orleaving(exports)itseconomicterritory.Therefore,trade

statistics remainsoneof themajor contributing indicators of theperformanceofNamibia’s economy

anditscompetitivenessontheworldmarket.

Annualmerchandise trade statistics are used extensively in the compilation of the country’s national

accounts and the balance of payments. Furthermore, these statistics are also used by various

governmentinstitutionsinpreparationoftradenegotiationsin:

a) Definingandimplementinganti-dumpingpolicies;

b) Macroeconomicandmonetarypoliciesand;

c) Establishingnewmarketsandevaluatingtheprogressofexistingmarkets.

Statistics on international trade of merchandise are used comprehensively by decision makers at

national,regionalandinternationallevel,whileinvestorsusethisinformationinmarketresearchandto

definetheircommercialstrategy.

In the context of Namibia, the government’s trade policy is aimed at developing, promoting and

diversifyingthecountry’sexportsaswellasreducingitsrelianceonforeigngoods.

The Directorate of Customs and Excise in theMinistry of Finance is responsible for the collection of

revenues. Computerization of procedures at Customs and Excise continues to enhance the timely

disseminationandanalysisoftradestatisticsthroughprompttransferofcapturedtradedataatpoints

ofentriesnationwidetotheNamibiaStatisticsAgency(NSA).

Therefore,thisreportoutlinestheannualdevelopmentsofNamibia’stradeinmerchandisewiththerest

oftheworldduringtheyear2018comparedto2017.

AlexShimuafeni

Statistician-General&CEO

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Table of Contents Listoftables.................................................................................................................................................6

ListofCharts................................................................................................................................................6

Introduction.................................................................................................................................................7

Revisions..................................................................................................................................................8

Keydevelopmentsin2018...........................................................................................................................9

Whatleftandenteredthecountry(2018)..............................................................................................9

Surplusbyproductgroup......................................................................................................................10

Deficitbyproductcategory...................................................................................................................11

Exportdestinations................................................................................................................................13

Importdestinations...............................................................................................................................14

Comparativeanalysis;2018and2017.......................................................................................................15

Tradebalance........................................................................................................................................15

Exportstokeymarkets..........................................................................................................................16

Importsfromkeymarkets.....................................................................................................................17

TradewiththeExportingProcessingZone(EPZ)...................................................................................20

Topexportproducts..............................................................................................................................22

Fishexports............................................................................................................................................23

Topre-exportsproducts........................................................................................................................25

Topimportproducts..............................................................................................................................27

TradebyEconomicBlocs...........................................................................................................................29

Exports...................................................................................................................................................29

Imports...................................................................................................................................................31

Tradebymodeoftransport.......................................................................................................................33

Exports...................................................................................................................................................33

Imports...................................................................................................................................................34

Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................35

ListofTermsandDefinitions.....................................................................................................................36

Acronyms...................................................................................................................................................37

Appendix....................................................................................................................................................38

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List of tables Table1:Revisionsfor2017..........................................................................................................................8Table2:EPZTradeflows............................................................................................................................20Table3:Tradebyf.o.bandc.i.fvalue........................................................................................................38Table4:Top15exportdestinations..........................................................................................................38Table5:Top15re-exportdestinations......................................................................................................39Table6:Topimportdestinations...............................................................................................................39Table7:Top15exportbyproductgroup..................................................................................................40Table8:Top15re-exportbyproductgroup..............................................................................................40Table9:Top15importbyproductgroup..................................................................................................41Table10:Exportsandimportsoffish........................................................................................................41Table11:Exportproductstokeymarkets.................................................................................................42Table12:Re-exportproductstokeymarkets............................................................................................44Table13:Importproductsfromkeymarkets............................................................................................46Table14:Tradebyborderpost/office.......................................................................................................49

List of Charts CHART1:Tradebyproductgroup...............................................................................................................9CHART2:Top10productgroupinwhichNamibiashowedsurplusesfor2018........................................10CHART3:Top10productgroupinwhichNamibiashoweddeficitsfor2018...........................................11CHART4:Namibia'sexportsfor2018........................................................................................................13CHART5:Namibia'simportsfor2018........................................................................................................14CHART6:Tradebalance;2009to2018.....................................................................................................15CHART7:Keyexportdestinations.............................................................................................................16CHART8:Keyimportdestinations.............................................................................................................18CHART9:Topfiveexport...........................................................................................................................22CHART10:fishexports..............................................................................................................................23CHART11:Topfivere-exports...................................................................................................................25CHART12:Topfiveimports.......................................................................................................................27CHART13:Exportbyeconomicblocs........................................................................................................30CHART14:Importsbyeconomicbloc........................................................................................................31CHART15:Exportbymodeoftransport....................................................................................................33CHART16:Importsbymodeoftransport.................................................................................................34

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Introduction ThemandateoftheNamibiaStatisticsAgencyistoproduceanddisseminaterelevant,qualityandtimely

statistics including statistics relating to imports and exports of merchandise. This report presents a

summaryoftradestatisticsintermsofimportsandexportsofmerchandisefortheyear2018.

Foreigntradestatisticsderivedfromrecordsoftradeflowsacross internationalbordersare invaluable

for the formulation of trade, commercial, fiscal and monetary policies of any country. The basic

informationforthecompilationoftradestatisticsiscollectedandcapturedbasedonimportandexport

declarationsmadebytraderstoCustomsatvariousCustomsofficesacrossthecountry.

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Revisions Revisedstatisticsisduetoavailabilityofnewinformationfromthedatasource.Revisionsontradedata

are made every month when new monthly data file is uploaded into the database with additional

informationfrompreviousmonths.Insomemonths,revisionsarenegligiblewhileinothermonthsthey

aresignificant.

Table1:Revisionsfor2017

Table1aboveshowsrevisionsmadetoexportsand importsvalues for theyear2017, fromN$63.545

billiontoN$63.868billionandfromN$87.994billiontoN$89.043billionrespectively

Revisionsonoverallexportsstemmedfromre-exportsofcopper,vesselsandboatsandexportsofores

and beverages. The same commodities including oil and mineral fuels were the primary source of

revisions made to total imports. These revisions resulted in the deficit widening by 3 percent, to

N$25.175billioncomparedN$24.449billionreportedearlier.

Revised2017 Valuein2017 DifferenceExport 63,868 63,545 323Import 89,043 87,994 1,049Tradebalance -25,175 -24,449 -726

FlowValue(N$m)

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Key developments in 2018

What left and entered the country (2018) The product categories presented herein follows theHarmonized CommodityDescription and Coding

System(HS).TheHS1codingsystembreakscommoditiesdownintovariouschaptersandarepresented

at the highest level of aggregation (Chart 1). The chart below shows major product groups which

entered and left the borders of Namibia during the year 2018. Total exports amounted to N$92.838

billionwhereastotalimportsstoodatN$110.219billion.

CHART1:Tradebyproductgroup

Themajority ofNamibia’smerchandize tradewith the rest of theworld (ROW)was limited to a few

specific product groups, as they make up the largest value of Namibia’s exports and imports. Large

1Thefirsttwodigits(HS-2)identifythechaptersthegoodsareclassifiedin,e.g.01=liveanimals,02=meat…………….n=99.

-20,000 -15,000 -10,000 -5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000

22:Beverages

26:Ores

27:Oils&Mineralfuels

28:InorganicChemicals

30:Pharmaceuticals

33:Cosmetics

38:Chemicalproducts

39:Plastics

40:Rubber

48:Paper

61:Apparel:knitorcrocheted

71:PreciousStones&Metals

72:Iron&Steel

73:ArticlesofIronorSteel

74:Copper

84:IndustrialMachinery

85:ElectricalMachinery

87:MotorVehicles&parts

89:Vessels&Boats

90:PrecisionInstruments

Value(N$m)

Prod

uctg

roup

Import Export

10

export for Namibia were reflected in the categories of copper, precious stones &metals2; vessels &

boats; and ores3 (Inc. uranium, copper, zinc, lead etc.). Furthermore, large amounts of commodities

under the categories of beverages, articles of iron or steel; plastics and oils & mineral fuels4 left

Namibia’sborders(Chart1).

On the other hand, Namibia imported large amount of items under the categories of copper, oils &

mineral fuels; vessels & boats; industrial machinery and motor vehicles & parts. Additionally, large

quantitiesofcommoditiesunder thecategoryofelectricalmachinery,ores,preciousstones&metals;

articlesofironorsteel;plasticsandpharmaceuticalswereimportedintothecountry.

Large amountsof imported copper equally lead to large amountsof exports as this commodity is re-

exportedbyNamibia.

Surplus by product group CHART2:Top10productgroupinwhichNamibiashowedsurplusesfor2018

2Theproductcategorypreciousstones&metalsiscomposedofdiamonds(80%),gold(18%)andotherpreciousstonesandjewelry(1%).3ThecategoryoforesismadeupofUranium(83%),Zinc(13%),Ashandlead(2%each)4ExportsoffueloccurswhenairlinersorshippinglinerscarryingaforeignflagrefuelwithinthebordersofNamibia,therefore,itisnotsurprisingtoseetransactionsofexportsrelatingtofuelhighdespitebeinganon-oilproducingcountry.

16,128

8,931

5,572 5,199

2,697 2,607

749 669 479 4110

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Value(N$m)

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The chart above shows commodity groupings in which Namibia recorded trade surpluses (a position

wheretheexportvalueofaproductgroupexceedsthatofimportofthesameproductgroup).Itisnot

surprisingforproductgroupingssuchaspreciousstones&metals,fish,ores,copperandliveanimalsto

registersubstantialamountsofsurplusesasNamibia isamajorproducerofthesecommodities.Other

commoditygroupssuchaszinc,vessels&boats,usedpersonaleffects,naturalmineralsandstones;and

fruits&nutsalsorecordedsurplusesasshowninchart2.Thesurplusobservedinthecategoryoffruits

andnutswasattributedtoarestriction5ofsomeimportsintoNamibiaofthatproductcategory.

Deficit by product category The chart below shows major commodity groupings in which Namibia recorded trade deficits (a

situationwherethevalueofimportsexceedsthatofexports).

CHART3:Top10productgroupinwhichNamibiashoweddeficitsfor2018

The tradedeficitswere recorded formostproductgroupingssuchas:oils&mineral fuels; industrial

machinery,motorvehicles&parts;electricalmachineryand;articlesofironorsteel,mostofwhichare

capital goods imported as factors or inputs into production. Other product groups which recorded

deficitsincludepharmaceuticals,beverages,plastics,cosmeticsandpaper.

5Restrictionisimposedonseveralproductsduringsomemonthstoprotectthelocalproducers.

-1,298 -1,371-2,010 -2,056 -2,081 -2,350

-4,596

-6,351-6,837

-10,897-12,000

-10,000

-8,000

-6,000

-4,000

-2,000

0

Value(N$)

12

Namibiaisanon-oilproducingcountry,therefore,itisfullydependentonimportsforallitsfuelneeds.

Additionally, the country’s small manufacturing base automatically makes it a net importer of

manufacturedproductandcapitalgoods,hence,thedeficitsshowninChart3.

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Export destinations NextisanoverviewofNamibia’stoptenexportandimportmarkets.Essentially,wherethebulkofitems

Namibia isexportinggoingtoandwherethe itemsNamibia is importingcomingfrom?Charts4and5

belowprovideaninsighttothesequestions.

CHART4:Namibia'sexportsfor2018

The chart above presents the contributionsmade by each country to the total of the top ten export

destinations aswell as the contributionsof these countries toNamibia’s total exports. Chinabecame

Namibia’slargestexportpartnerin2018,contributing18percentsharetoNamibia’stotalexportswhile

making up 22 percent of total exports of the top ten exportsmarkets. South Africa was the second

largest export partner for the domestic economy, accounting for 16 percent of overall exports, with

BelgiumandBotswana contributing 10 percent each,while theUK’s share toNamibia’s total exports

stoodat7percent. TheMarshall Island, Spain, France, Zambiaand Italyabsorbedbetween3percent

and5percentofNamibia’stotalexportsasshowninChart4.

China SouthAfricaBelgium Botswana UK MarshallIslandSpain France Zambia Italy%oftop10 22% 20% 12% 12% 8% 6% 5% 5% 5% 4%

%oftotal 18% 16% 10% 10% 7% 5% 4% 4% 4% 3%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

%oftop10 %oftotal

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Import destinations ThechartbelowshowsthetoptencountriesfromwhereNamibiaimportedproducts.Furthermore,it

representcountriesandthecontributionsmadebyeachcountrytothetotalofthetoptencountriesas

wellaseachcountry’scontributionstototalimportsintoNamibia.Thesecountriesmadeup83percent

of Namibia’s total imports from the rest of the world. Africa emerged as the principal market for

Namibia’simports,withSouthAfricaandZambiabeingtheleadingmarkets.SouthAfricaaccountedfor

thelargestsharewith45percentoftotalimportsintoNamibiaand53percentofthetotalofthetopten

countries(Chart5).Zambiacontributed14percentofthetotalofthetoptencountriesand17percent

of total imports into Namibia. Approaching in a distant third place is China, which accounted for 6

percentoftotalimportsintoNamibia.OthercountriesincludingBahamas,Botswana,Bulgaria,UK,USA,

India and United Arab Emirates also contributed to imports into Namibia with their shares ranging

between1percentand5percentoftotalimports.

CHART5:Namibia'simportsfor2018

SouthAfricaZambia China BahamasBotswana Bulgaria UK USA India UAE%oftop10 53% 17% 7% 6% 5% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2%

%oftotal 45% 14% 6% 5% 4% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

%oftop10 %oftotal

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Comparative analysis; 2018 and 2017

Trade balance Namibiafindsitselffirmlyplungedinatradedeficitsince1999asshowninChart6.In2018,thedeficit

stoodatN$17.380billion, implying that the country spentN$17.380billionmoreon importinggoods

thanwhat it received fromexporting goods to the rest of theworld. In relative terms, theN$17.380

billiondeficitisequivalenttotwomonthsinwhichNamibiaimportedgoodswithoutexports.Thetrade

gapin2018contractedby31percent,thisisathirdsuccessivedeclinefollowingadeclinein2016and

2017by27percentand16percent,respectively.ThedeficitplungedtoN$17.380billionfromarevised

figure of last year that stood at N$25.175 billion (Chart 6). The improvement on the deficit was

attributedlargelytofallingdomesticdemandforores,whichnegativelyimpactedoverallimports.

The causes of persistent deficits are the importation by Namibia of high valued manufactured

commoditiesandmachinerieswhileexportingmostlylowvalueprimarygoods.

CHART6:Tradebalance;2009to2018

-45,000

-40,000

-35,000

-30,000

-25,000

-20,000

-15,000

-10,000

-5,000

0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

▼409% ▼14% ▲21% ▲111% ▲36% ▲70% ▲47% ▼27% ▼16% ▼31%

Value(N$m)

16

Namibia’stradebalancefortheperiod2009to2018averagedtoadeficitofN$18.599billion,reaching

anall-timelowwithadeficitofN$41.058billionin2015.

In 2018, the largest deficits were recorded with South Africa (N$34.245 billion), Zambia (N$12.116

billion),Bahamas(N$5.604billion),Bulgaria(N$2.739billion),Peru(N$1.583billion)andIndia(N$1.206

billion). The largestsurpluseswererecordedwithChina (N$10.158billion),Belgium(N$9.083billion),

Botswana(N$4.737billion),MarshallIsland(N$4.502billion)andUK(N$3.524billion).

Exports to key markets Namibia’sexportmarketin2018waspredominantlycomposedofcountriessuchas;China,SouthAfrica,

Belgium, Botswana, the UK,Marshal Island, Spain, France, Zambia and Italy (Chart 7). These top ten

exportcountriesabsorbedN$74.618billion(80%)ofNamibia’stotalexports(N$92.838billion).Overall

exportstothesemarketsroseby80percentafterrecordingN$41.365billionin2017.

In2018,Chinabecame the leadingexportdestination fordomesticproducts,absorbing18percentof

Namibia’stotalexports.Namibiaexported16percentoftotalexportstoSouthAfrica(Namibia’slargest

tradingpartner),whileBelgiumandBotswanaabsorbed10percenteach,and7percentoftotalexports

weredestinedtotheUK(Appendix,Table4).

CHART7:Keyexportdestinations

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

China SouthAfrica

Belgium Botswana UK MarshallIsland

Spain France Zambia Italy

▲392% ▼1% ▲188% ▲9% ▲961% ▲7799% ▲23% ▲54% ▲38% ▲13%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

17

The notable rise in exports emanated to an increase in foreign demand for domestic commodities,

mostly by all the top ten export partners (Chart 7) except South Africawhich showed a decline of 1

percent.ThelargestgrowthswasobservedinexportstotheMarshallIsland,theUK,ChinaandBelgium

asshowninChart7.FurtherincreaseswerenotedforFrance,Zambia,Spain,ItalyandBotswanarising

by54percent,38percent,and23percent,13percentand9percentrespectively.

IncreasedexportstotheUKwasattributedtoashipmentofavessel(N$5.427billion),whilethegrowth

in exports to China was mainly led by minerals such as copper (N$9.766 billion) and ores (N$5.956

billion).Furthermore,growthinexportstoBelgiumwasreflectedinthevalueofcopperwhichgrewby

N$6.571billion (1060%) fromN$0.620billion recordeda yearago.Additionally, the rise inexports to

France was reflected in the value of ores and oil seeds which grew by 65 percent and 47 percent

respectively.

Acaseworthnotinghere isthedecline inexportstoSouthAfrica.Anoticeabledeclineinexportswas

observedinthecategoryofpreciousstones&metalswhichfellby24percent,asSouthAfrica’sdemand

for this category of commodities, in particular gold weakened, falling by N$1.866 billion (33%) to

N$3.779billioncomparedtoN$5.644billionrecordedintheprecedingyear.Additionally,meatexport

toSouthAfricaexperiencedadeclineof8percent,thisisduepersistentdroughtsleadingtolowsupply

ofanimalsmadeavailableforslaughter.

Imports from key markets Namibia’s importsremainedhigh, increasingbyN$21.176billion(24%)toN$110.219billioncompared

toN$89.043billionrecordedintheprecedingyear.Namibia’s importmarketwasdominatedbySouth

Africa,Zambia,China,Bahamas,Botswana,Bulgaria,UK,USA,IndiaandUAE,mostofwhichfeaturesas

Namibia’smajorexportpartners.SouthAfricawasthe largest importmarketmakingup45percentof

total imports intoNamibiaandZambiacoming inadistantsecondplacewith14percent,whileChina

with6percentoccupiedthethirdposition.BahamasandBotswanacontributedashareof5percentand

4 percent to Namibia’s overall imports respectively. Imports from these markets combined

strengthened, rising byN$17.536 billion (28%) toN$81.220 billion fromN$63.684 billion observed in

2017.

The recent increase in imports was attributed largely to strengthening domestic demand of foreign

commodities,mostlyfromBahamas,Zambia,theUK,China,USAandUAE.Anotableoutlierinimportsis

aonceoffshipmentofavesselworthN$5.734billionfromBahamas,theonlyimportfromthatcountry

importedtoNamibiatemporarily.ImportsfromZambiagrewby268percenttoregisterN$15.594billion

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fromN$4.240billionrecordedintheprecedingyear,thiswasjustifiedbylargeamountsofcopperfrom

that country. Similar to Zambia, imports from theUK rose by 276 percent to registerN$2.650 billion

afterrecordingN$0.704billionayearearlier.Thisgrowthwasmostly leadbyaonceofshipmentofa

vessel to the tuneofN$1.974billion.Additionally, imports fromChina roseby36percent, registering

N$6.253billion in2018comparedtoN$4.610billionregisteredayearago.Thegrowthexperiencedin

importsfromChinawasduetolargeamountsofindustrialmachinery,particularlycranesandelectrical

machinery (solar systems)which rose by 97 percent and 75 percent respectively.Moreover, imports

fromtheUSAandUAEimproved,risingby26percentand21percent,respectively.

CHART8:Keyimportdestinations

Despitethegrowth in imports fromsixof themaintradingpartners, imports fromtheremaining four

partnerssuchasSouthAfrica,Botswana,BulgariaandIndiadeclined.Thelargestdecreasewasreflected

inthevalueof importsfromBulgariawhichdroppedbyN$3.077billion(53%)toN$2.740billion,after

recordingN$5.816billionayearearlier.Asimportationofores6fromthatcountrycontracted,fallingby

more than double. Furthermore, imports from Botswana dropped by 17 percent to register N$4.508

billioncomparedtoN$5.450billionrecordedintheprecedingyearasimportationofcommoditiesofthe

categoryofprecious stonesandmetals, inparticulardiamondsdeteriorated.Moreover, imports from

India dropped to N$1.899 billion compared to N$1.952 billion recorded in the preceding year,

6ThecopperoresistheonlysignificantimportintoNamibiafromBulgaria.ImportationfromBulgariaofothercommoditiessuchas:inorganicchemicals,electricalmachineryandfertilizersisnegligible.

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

SouthAfrica

Zambia China Bahamas Botswana Bulgaria UK USA India UAE

▼0.5% ▲268% ▲36% ▲23544% ▼17% ▼53% ▲276% ▲26% ▼3% ▲21%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

19

representing a decline of 3 percent. As importation of commodities such as vehicles, industrial

machinery, pharmaceuticals, cereals oils and mineral fuels dropped by 45 percent, 27 percent, 14

percent,6percentand2percent respectively. Finally, althoughNamibiadependents largelyonSouth

Africa for imports,domesticdemand for SouthAfricangoods fell by0.5percent to registerN$49.131

billionafterrecordingN$49.360billionlastyear.TheweakeningimportsfromSouthAfricawasmainly

pronouncedinthevalueofelectricalmachinery,fallingby12percent,industrialmachineryby10;motor

vehicles and parts and; oils andmineral fuels fell by 3 percent each while a 2 percent decline was

observedinbeverages.

TheincreaseinimportsfromtheUSAwasgenerallyobservedinthemajorityofproductgroups.While

oilsandmineralfuelswastheprimarycauseforincreasedimportsfromUAE.

20

Trade with the Exporting Processing Zone (EPZ) ThetradeflowbetweenNamibiaandtheExportProcessingZone(EPZ)ismostlydominatedbyexports,

whichamounted toN$5.630billion in2018 (Table2)which isequivalent to93percentof total trade

(exports plus imports) between Namibia and the EPZ, whereas imports made up the remaining 7

percentoftotaltrade.HugeexportstotheEPZresultedisattributedtoalargeamountofcommodities

in the categoryofprecious stonesandmetals7which rosebyN$0.093billion (2%) toN$5.214billion,

fromN$5.121billionrecordedin2017.TheN$5.214billionisequivalentto93percentoftotalexports,

which is 3 percentagepoints lower than the 96percent contributionmade a year ago.Ores8 (mainly

copper)madeuptheremaining7percentoftotalexportstotheEPZ,upfrom4percentrecordedayear

earlier.

Table2:EPZTradeflows

Inorganicchemicalsemergedasthemost importedcommodity intoNamibiafromtheEPZ,makingup

92percentoftotalimportsfromtheEPZ,followedbyoreswith3percent.Preciousstonesandmetals

only accounted for 2 percent while iron and steel; and industrial machinery contributed a mere 1

percenteachtotheNamibia’soverallimportsfromtheEPZ.

The overall imports from the EPZ toNamibia contracted, falling byN$0.140 billion (30%) toN$0.330

billionafterrecordingN$0.470billionayearearlier.Therecentdeclineinimportswasprimarilyowedto

preciousstonesandmetalswhichdroppedbyN$0.229billiontoN$0.005billionafterrecordingN$0.234

7Diamondsmakeup100%ofexportsandimportsofthecategoryofpreciousstonesandmetalstoandfromtheEPZ.8CopperorestotheEPZismeantdestinedtothesmelterandmeantforprocessingintocoppercathodesforre-export.

Value(N$m) Share Value(N$m) Share71:PreciousStones&Metals 5,214 93% 5,121 96% 2%▲26:Ores 416 7% 205 4% 103%▲Other - - 2 0% -Total 5,630 100% 5,329 100% 6%▲

Value(N$m) Share Value(N$m) Share28:InorganicChemicals 304 92% 223 47% 36%▲26:Ores 11 3% - - -71:PreciousStones&Metals 5 2% 234 50% 98%▼72:Iron&Steel 4 1% 1 0% 300%▲84:IndustrialMachinery 3 1% 0 0% -Other 2 1% 12 3% 83%▼Total 330 100% 470 100% 30%▼

Commodity

Commodity

Imports

Exports2018 2017

2018 2017 ∆Y/Y

∆Y/Y

21

billionintheprecedingperiod.The“categoryother”representingcommoditiesoutsidethoseshownin

table2declinedfromN$0.012billiontoN$0.002billion.

22

Top export products Namibia exports in 2018 included items of the categories of precious stones and metals (N$20.542

billion), copper (N$20.482billion), vessels&boats (N$11.633billion); ores (N$10.438billion) and fish

(N$9.613billion) (Chart9).Namibia’sexportsof theaforementionedcommodities improved, risingby

58percent to registerN$72.708billionafter recordingN$45.993billionayearago.Subsequently, the

share of these commodities rose to 78 percent of total exports compared to the 72 percent share

accountedforayearago.

CHART9:Topfiveexport

The recent improvement in exports was led by copper, vessels and boats; ores and fish, with the

strongest growth reflected by the category of vessels and boats rising by 336 percent to register

N$11.633billion, after recordingN$2.666billion in the preceding year (however, since thiswas a re-

export,itisnotedintheimportsaswell).Copperroseby277percenttoregisterN$20.482billion9,after

recordingN$5.434billionintheprecedingyearduetohigherforeigndemandfromChinaandBelgium

(again, a significant part of this is re-exports and is shown in imports as well), mainly from Zambia.

Additionally, ores10 grew by N$2.356 billion (29%) to N$10.438 billion compared to N$8.082 billion

recordedlastyear.ThegrowthinexportsoforesisattributedtohigherdemandfromChina(233%)and

993%oftheN$20.482billionworthofcopperexportsarere-exportsandtheremaining7%isdomesticexportsdestinedforChina.

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

71:PreciousStones&Metals

74:Copper 89:Vessels&Boats 26:Ores 03:Fish

▼1% ▲277% ▲336% ▲29% ▲7%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

23

France (65%). Furthermore, a marginal growth of 7 percent was observed in fish exports, from an

amountofN$8.981billionobtainedlastyeartoN$9.613billion.Themaincontributorstothe7percent

increase in fishexportswas Spain (19%), Zambia (16%),DRCandRSAaccounting for8percent and6

percentrespectively.

Despitetheimprovementsinfouroutofthefivemajorexportcommodities,amarginal(1%)declinewas

observedforthecategoryofpreciousstonesandmetalswhichfelltoN$20.542billionwhencompared

toN$20.831billionrecordedayearearlier,asgoldexportstoSouthAfricadeclined.

Fish exports Fishstayedamongthetopfive leadingexportcommodities forNamibia in2018, therefore, it remains

the country’s number one export revenue earner besides minerals. Furthermore, Chart 10 below

postulateanupwardtrendoffishexportsoveraten-yearperiod,from2009to2018.Overthisperiod,

theyear2016recordedthelargestgrowthof25percent,followedbya23percentgrowthin2013,12

percent in2012,7percent in2018and2percent in2017,whereasthegrowth in2014and2015was

negligible.However,slightdeclinesinfishexportswererecordedinthreeconsecutiveyears,2009,2010

and 2011 in which the declines were estimated between 2 and 3 percent. Furthermore, a marginal

declinewasobservedin2015.

CHART10:fishexports

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

▼3% ▼3% ▼2% ▲12% ▲23% ▲0.4% ▼0.3% ▲25% ▲2% ▲7%

Value(N$m)

Export Import

24

Namibiaexported37percentoftotalfishexportstoSpain(thelargestimporterofdomesticfish),while

South Africa, Zambia and the DRC absorbed 6 percent, 16 percent and 8 percent of total exports

respectively.Furthermore,Spaincontributedthelargestsharetotherecent7percentgrowth.Exports

toSpaingrewby19percenttoregisterN$3.544billionafterN$2.973billionrecordedinthepreceding

year.

Itwas followedby a 16 percent growthof exports to Zambiawhich stood atN$N$1.053billion after

recording N$0.907 billion a year ago. Moreover, South Africa and DRC’s contribution to the recent

growthinfishexportsstoodat16percentand10percentrespectively.

Onaverage,Namibia’sexportoffishstoodatN$7.035billionovertheperiod2009to2018,reachingan

all-timehighofN$9.613billionin2018andarecordlowofN$5.148billion,belowaveragein2011.

Small amountsof fish imports intoNamibia canbeobserved inevery year from2009 to2018. These

importscomprisemainlyoffinalfishproductsandisnegligiblewhencomparedtoexports.

25

Top re-exports products In order to take advantage of Namibia’s position as an excellent logistics hub, many players import

commodities intothecountrywiththeviewofre-exportingthemtotherestoftheworld,hence, it is

vitaltoreportonre-exportsastheyformpartofNamibia’soverallexports.

Overall,re-exports11rosebyN$21.397billionor92percenttoregisterN$44.584billionafterrecording

N$23.186billionintheprecedingyear.Therecentincreasewasmostlysupportedbylargeamountsof

copper, vessels and boats; precious stones and metals; motor vehicles and parts and; industrial

machinery.Re-exportsof theaforementionedcommoditiesgrewby167percent to registerN$38.814

billion compared to N$14.542 billion recorded in 2017, subsequently, rising their contribution to 87

percentoftotalre-exportsupfrom63percentaccountedforlastyear.

CHART11:Topfivere-exports

11Re-exports:isanexportofaforeigngoodthatwasinitiallyimportedintothedomesticmarket.Theproductmustbeinitsoriginalstatewithoutanytransformationmadetoit.Re-exportsmadeup48%and36%oftotalexportsin2018and2017respectively.

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

74:Copper 89:Vessels&Boats 71:PreciousStones&Metals


84:IndustrialMachinery

▲355% ▲337% ▲5% ▲12% ▼4%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

26

The prime growth in re-exports was reflected in the value of copper which rose by 355 percent to

N$19.123billioncomparedtoN$4.203billionrecordedayearago,asdemandforthismineralbyChina,

BelgiumandNetherlandsstrengthened.Additionally,thecategoryofvesselsandboatsshowedastrong

growth,risingby337percenttoregisterN$11.631billionafterregisteringN$2.664billionayearearlier.

Thiscategorywasmainlyre-exportedtotheUK(N$5.427billion),theMarshall Island(N$4.674billion)

and Singapore (N$1.448 billion). Further to this, the categorymotor vehicles and parts and; precious

stonesandmetalsadvanced,risingby12percentand5percentrespectively.

Despitethegrowthexperiencedinfouroutofthefivemainre-exports, industrialmachineryremained

suppressed, falling by 4 percent to register N$0.899 billion after recording N$0.933 billion in the

precedingyear.

27

Top import products Namibia’s import structure mostly composed of copper, oils and mineral fuels; vessels and boats;

industrialmachinery,andmotorvehiclesandparts(Chart12).Importsofthesecommoditiescombined

advanced,risingby80percenttoN$53.515billioncomparedtoN$29.772billionin2017.Consequently,

risingtheircontributiontooverall importsto49percent,16percentagepointshigherthan33percent

contributionmadeinthepreviousyear.

CHART12:Topfiveimports

Thelargestgrowthinimportswasreflectedinthevalueofvesselsandboatswhichroseby1309percent

to register N$10.884 billion compared to N$0.773 billion recorded in the preceding year. This is

attributedtoaonceoffshipmentofthisproductcategoryfromtheUK(N$5.721billion)andBahamas

(N$1.974 billion). Copper imports grewbyN$11.266 billion (280%) toN$15.283 billion fromN$4.017

billion recording a year earlier, as domestic demand of this commodity from Zambia strengthened.

Additionally,oilsandmineral fuelsregisteredthethird largestgrowthwith26percentwhile industrial

machinerygrewby4percentonly.Thegrowthinoilsandmineralfuelsfollowsanincreaseindomestic

demandforthiscommodity,mostlyfromSouthAfrica.

Despite the overall growth in imports that resulted from four of the top five imports commodities,

importationofmotorvehiclesandpartsdeclined,as indicated inChart12. ImportsofMotorvehicles

andparts fellbyN$0.336billion(4%)toregisterN$7.845billionafterrecordingN$8.181billionayear

earlier,asdomesticdemandforvehiclesweakened.Additionally,importationofcommoditiesbesidethe

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

74:Copper 27:Oils&Mineralfuels

89:Vessels&Boats 84:IndustrialMachinery


▲280% ▲26% ▲1309% ▲4% ▼4%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

28

top five major import commodities declined. A marginal decline of 1 percent was observed in this

category, falling fromN$28.578billionrecordedayearagotoN$28.285billion.This isattributedtoa

weakerdomesticeconomicperformanceintheperiodunderreview.

29

Trade by Economic Blocs

Exports Intermsofeconomicblocs,NamibiamostlyexportedtotheEU,SACU,BRIC,SADC-NON-SACU,COMESA

andEFTA(Chart13).TheEUmovedoneplaceuptooccupythefirstpositionasNamibia’slargestexport

marketin2018followingtheEU’shigherdemandfordomesticcommodities.ExportstotheEUroseby

103percent to registerN$28.776billionafter recordingN$14.197billionayearearlier. Subsequently,

the EU absorbed 31 percent of total domestic exports, up from 22 percent in the preceding year.

BelgiumandtheUKwerethelargestcontributorstoNamibia’stotalexportstotheEU,with32percent

and21percentofexportstotheEUdestinedtotheserespectivememberstates.Spain,FranceandItaly

madeup13percent,12percentand11percentrespectivelyofNamibia’stotalexportstotheEU.

SACUdropped one place down to occupy the second position asNamibia’s preferred exportmarket.

SACU’sabsorptionofdomesticexportsdroppedby11percentagepointsto26percentcomparedto37

percentaccountedforayearago.DespitethedeclineintheshareofdomesticexportstoSACU,exports

to that region rosebyN$0.605billion (3%) toN$24.136billion fromN$23.531billionobserved in the

previousyear.ExportstoSACUwerespreadamongsttwomemberstates,SouthAfricaandBotswana,

withrespectivesharesof62percentand38percentofNamibia’stotalexports.

BRICwasthethirdlargestinrankingasNamibia’sexportmarket,absorbing18percentoftotaldomestic

exports,upfromashareof6percentaccountedforayearearlier.Subsequently,exporttothismarket

strengthened,risingby349percenttoregisterN$17.125billioncomparedtoN$3.818billionrecordedin

theprecedingyear.Therecent increase inexportstothatregionwasattributedtohigherdemandfor

domesticexportsbyChina,with96percentofNamibia’stotalexportstoBRICdestinedtoChinawhile

Indiaabsorbedamere5percent.

30

CHART13:Exportbyeconomicblocs

SADC-NON-SACUmaintainedthefourthpositionaslastyearintermsofitsroleinsupportingdomestic

exports.ThismarketabsorbedN$6.925billionofNamibia’stotalexports,afterrecordingN$5.476billion

ayearagorepresentingadeclineof26percent(Chart13). TheSADC-NON-SACU’scontributiontothe

country’soverallexportsstoodat7percent,downfrom9percentaccountedforintheprecedingyear.

TherecentincreaseinexportstoSADC-NON-SACUwasduetohigherdemandfordomesticcommodities

byZambia,DRCandAngolawith50percent,29percentand10percentoftotalexportstoSADC-NON-

SACUdestinedtotheserespectivememberstates.

Moreover, COMESA and EFTA contributed significantly to Namibia’s total exports, with COMESA

absorbing6percentofthecountry’stotalexports,downfromits7percentcontributionayearearlier.

Despiteadropintheshareofexportstothisregion,anoticeablegrowthof33percentwasrecorded,

fromanamountofN$4.465billionlastyeartoN$5.939billion.Meanwhile,exportstoEFTAdroppedby

89percenttoregisterN$0.928billioncomparedtoN$8.671billionrecordedintheprecedingyear(Chart

13).

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

EU SACU BRIC SADC-NONSACU COMESA EFTA

▲103% ▲3% ▲349% ▲26% ▲33% ▼89%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

31

Imports Namibia’s import structurewasmostly composed of SACU, SADC-NON-SACU, COMESA, BRIC, and EU

(Chart 14). SACU is by far the largest contributor toNamibia’s imports, in spite of this, imports from

SACUweakened,fallingbyN$1.155billion(2percent)toN$53.933billioncomparedtoN$55.088billion

recorded in theprevious year,bringing SACU’s contribution toNamibia’s total imports to49percent,

downfrom62percentshareaccountedfor in thepreviousyear.SouthAfricaandBotswanawerethe

largestsuppliersofimportstoNamibiafromSACU,with91percentand8percentofimportsfromSACU

originatingfromtheserespectivememberstates.

The SADC-NON-SACU region was the second largest important source of imports for Namibia, with

imports from thismarket risingbyN$12.628billion (273%) toN$17.248billion compared toN$4.620

billion observed in the preceding year. Subsequently, bringing the share of imports from SADC-NON-

SACUintoNamibiato16percent,upfrom5percentcontributionmadeayearearlier.Zambiaisbyfar

the largest contributor to Namibia’s imports from SADC-NON-SACU,with 90 percentwhileMauritius

andMozambiquemadeup6percentand2percentoftotalimportsrespectively.

CHART14:Importsbyeconomicbloc

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

SACU SADC-NONSACU COMESA BRIC EU

▼2% ▲273% ▲259% ▲21% ▲34%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

32

COMESArankedthirdintermsofitsroleinsupportingNamibia’simportrequirementsin2018.Hence,

importstoNamibiafromthismarketrosebyN$12.363billion(259%)toN$17.129billioncomparedto

N$4.767billionrecordedintheprecedingyear.Furthermore,Namibiaabsorbed16percentofitsoverall

importsrequirementsfromCOMESA,upwhencomparedto5percentobservedayearearlier.Zambiais

byfarthelargestcontributortodomesticimportsfromCOMESA,with91percentoftotalimportsfrom

thismarketcomingfromZambia.WhileMauritius’ssharestoodat6percent,SwazilandandDRCmade

up2percentand1percentrespectively

BRIC occupied the fourth position as Namibia’s largest supplier of imports, with imports from this

market rising by N$1.514 billion (21%) to N$8.729 billion after recording N$7.214 billion a year ago.

ImportsfromBRICaccountedfor8percentofNamibia’stotalimports,similartoitscontributionayear

ago. China and India were the largest contributors to Namibia’s imports from that market, with 72

percentand22percentofimportsfromBRICcomingfromChinaandIndiarespectively.

Additionally, the EU also played a vital role in supporting Namibia’s import requirements. In 2018,

imports from the EU into the domesticmarket rose by 34 percent to registerN$8.319billion after it

recordedN$6.195billionayearago.Subsequently,leadingtoahighershare(8%)ofimportscompared

tolastyear’sshare(7%)ofimports.TheshareofimportsfromtheEUweremainlyspreadamongafew

countries: the UK, Spain and Italy with 32 percent, 17 percent and 13 percent respectively of total

importsfromtheEUoriginatingfromthethreerespectivememberstates.

33

Trade by mode of transport

Exports In 2018, the total value of goods transported by sea stood at N$54.915 billion, this figure is an

improvementwhencomparedtoN$27.901billionrecordedintheprecedingyear,thus,exportsbysea

rose by 97 percent. Consequently, the share of exports rose to 59 percent of total exports from 44

percentaccountedforayearago.

Air transportation ranked second as themost usedmeans of transporting goods out of the country.

Despite its rank, the total value of goods transported by air declined, falling by 1 percent to register

N$21.070 billion after recording N$21.279 billion in the preceding year. Therefore, the share of air

transporttototalexportsfellby10percentagepointsto23percentcomparedto33percentaccounted

forintheprecedingyear.

CHART15:Exportbymodeoftransport

In addition, the total value of goods transported by road advanced, rising by 14 percent to register

N$16.655billion after recordingN$14.587billion a year earlier. By contrast, therewas adeclineof 5

percentagepoints in theshareofexportsbyroadwhichstoodat18percentcomparedto23percent

registeredinthepreviousyear.

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Sea Air Road

▲97% ▼1% ▲14%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

34

Imports Mostgoods imported intoNamibiaweretransportedbymeansofroad,thus,thetotalvalueofgoods

transported by road advanced, rising by 20 percent to register N$65.797 billion after recording

N$54.962billionintheprecedingyear.Despitethisimprovement,theshareofexportsbyroaddeclined

by2percentagepointsto60percentfrom62percentrecordedinthepreviousyear.

Sea transportation also played a vital role in transporting import goods intoNamibia (Chart 16). The

total value of goods imported by sea was N$39.035 billion in 2018 compared to N$28.602 billion

recordedinthepreviousyear,thisgrowthisequivalentto36percent.TheN$39.035billionrecordedin

2018isequivalenttoashareof35percentofthetotalvalueofgoodsimportedintoNamibia,whichis3

percentagepointsmorethanits32percentcontributionayearago.

CHART16:Importsbymodeoftransport

ThetotalvalueofgoodsimportedbyairtransportstoodatN$5.303billioncomparedtoN$5.381billion

recordedayearagowhichtranslatedtoadeclineof1percent(Chart16).Theairtransportbecameleast

usedmodeoftransportforimportsafterroadandsea.Moreover,airtransportaccountsfor5percent

ofthetotalimportsintoNamibiawhichfellby1percentagepointfrom6percentrecordedayearago.

-

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Road Sea Air

▲20% ▲36% ▼1%

Value(N$m)

2018 2017

35

Conclusion Duringtheperiodofreview,Namibia’soverallexportsamountedtoN$92.838billionandimportsstood

atN$110.219billionresultinginatradedeficitamountingtoN$17.380billion.Thedeficitnarrowedby

N$7.795billion(31%)comparedtoN$25.175billionrecordedinthepreviousyear.

ExportsfromNamibiaweremostlydestinedtocountriessuchasChina,SouthAfrica,Belgium,Botswana

andtheUK,whichabsorbedacombined60percentofthevalueofallgoodsexportedbyNamibia,up

from 48 percent share last year. On the other hand, the domestic economy heavily relied on South

Africa,Zambia,China,BahamasandBotswanaforabout74percentofitsimportneedscomparedtoa

shareof72percentlastyear.

Exportsweremostlydominatedbycategoriesofpreciousstonesandmetal;copper,vesselsandboats;

oresand fish,accounting for78percentof thecountry’s totalexports to the restof theworld,down

from72percentayearearlier.Equally, theaforementionedcommoditiesexcludingoresand fish,but

includingmotorvehiclesandparts;andindustrialmachinerytoppedthelistofre-exports.Ontheother

hand,importsweremostlyledbycopper,oilsandmineralfuels;vesselsandboats,industrialmachinery

andmotor vehicles and parts which together accounted for 49 percent of total imports up from 33

percentlastyear.

Intermsofregionalgroupings,Namibia’sexportswerelargelyabsorbedbytheEU,with31percentof

totalexports,whilea26percentcontributionwasmadebySACUand18percentcontributionmadeby

BRIC. SADC-NON-SACU,COMESAandEFTAabsorbed7percent,6percentand1percentofNamibia’s

totalexportsrespectively.ImportsweremostlyobtainedfromSACUwhichaccountedfor49percentof

overallimports,withSADC-NON-SACUandCOMESAfollowinginadistantwith16percentcontribution

eachtoNamibia’stotalimports.BRICandtheEUcontributed8percenteachtototaldomesticimports.

Sea transportation remained themost usedmode of transports for exports,with 59 percent of total

exportstransportedviaseaand23percentbyairtransports,whileroadtransported18percentofthe

value of all goods exported. By contrast, road transport was the largest used mode of transport,

accountingforastaggering60percentofimportstoNamibia,cominginsecondplacewasseatransport

with35percentoftotalimports.Meanwhile,airtransportcomeinadistantthirdplacewithameagre5

percentcontribution.

36

List of Terms and Definitions CostInsuranceandfreight(CIF): The transaction value of the goods, the value of services

performed to deliver goods to the border of the exportingcountryandthevalueof theservicesperformedtodeliver thegoodsfromtheborderoftheexportingcountrytotheborderoftheimportingcountry.

ExportProcessingZone(EPZ): AnExportProcessingZone(EPZ)isaCustomsareawhereoneis

allowed to importmachinery, equipment andmaterial for the

manufactureofexportgoodsunder security,withoutpayment

ofduty.The importedgoodsaresubject tocustomscontrolat

importation,throughthemanufacturingprocess,tothetimeof

sale/export,ordutypaymentforhomeconsumption.

Freeonboard(FOB): The transaction value of the goods and the value of servicesperformed to deliver goods to the border of the exportingcountry

Re-export: TheexportofforeigngoodspreviouslyimportedfromtheROW

TradeBalance: Thecommercialbalanceornetexports(sometimessymbolized

asNX),isthedifferencebetweenthemonetaryvalueofexports

andimportsofoutputinaneconomyoveracertainperiod.

TradeDeficit: Isaneconomicmeasureofanegativetradebalanceinwhicha

country'simportsexceedsitsexports.

TradeSurplus: Isaneconomicmeasureofapositive tradebalance inwhicha

country'sexportsexceedsitsimports.

37

Acronyms USA UnitedStatesofAmerica

UAE UnitedArabEmirates

CIF CostInsuranceandFreight

FOB FreeonBoard

BRIC Brazil,Russia,IndiaandChina

COMESA CommonMarketforEasternandSouthernAfrica

DRC DemocraticRepublicofCongo

EAC EastAfricanCommunity

EFTA EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation

EPZ ExportProcessingZone

EU EuropeanUnion

SACU SouthernAfricanCustomsUnion

SADC SouthernAfricanDevelopmentCommunity

HS HarmonizedCommodityDescriptionandCodingSystem

38

Appendix Table3:Tradebyf.o.bandc.i.fvalue

Table4:Top15exportdestinations

Export(f.o.b) Import(c.i.f) Import(f.o.b)2018 92,838 110,219 105,5562017 63,868 89,043 84,634

Period Value(N$)

Value(N$m)%share Value(N$m)%shareChina 16,410 18% 3,334 5% 392%▲SouthAfrica 14,886 16% 15,060 24% 1%▼Belgium 9,302 10% 3,229 5% 188%▲Botswana 9,245 10% 8,453 13% 9%▲UK 6,174 7% 582 1% 961%▲MarshallIsland 4,694 5% 59 0% 7799%▲Spain 3,840 4% 3,133 5% 23%▲France 3,554 4% 2,302 4% 54%▲Zambia 3,479 4% 2,529 4% 38%▲Italy 3,035 3% 2,684 4% 13%▲UAE 2,407 3% 2,749 4% 12%▼DRC 2,017 2% 1,535 2% 31%▲Singapore 1,724 2% 232 0% 642%▲USA 1,482 2% 1,802 3% 18%▼Netherlands 1,423 2% 723 1% 97%▲Other 9,168 10% 15,460 24% 41%▼Subtotal 83,671 90% 48,407 76% 73%▲Grandtotal 92,838 100% 63,868 100% 45%▲

2018 2017%∆Y/YPartner

39

Table5:Top15re-exportdestinations

Table6:Topimportdestinations

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m)%ShareChina 9,842 22% 877 4% 1022%▲Belgium 8,556 19% 2,577 11% 232%▲UnitedKingndom 5,562 12% 14 0% 40587%▲MarshallIsland 4,685 11% 52 0% 8945%▲SouthAfrica 2,493 6% 2,483 11% 0%▲Zambia 2,350 5% 1,552 7% 51%▲Singapore 1,685 4% 193 1% 772%▲UnitedStatesofAmerica 1,413 3% 1,173 5% 20%▲DemocraticRepublicofCongo 979 2% 593 3% 65%▲Switzerland 885 2% 6,545 28% 86%▼Netherlands 872 2% 234 1% 273%▲HongKong 729 2% 536 2% 36%▲India 690 2% 319 1% 116%▲Israel 545 1% 699 3% 22%▼Italy 526 1% 389 2% 35%▲Other 2,751 6% 5,047 22% 45%▼Sub-Total 41,813 94% 18,235 78% 129%▲Grand-Total 44,564 100% 23,283 100% 91%▲

∆Y/YPartner 2018 2017

Value(N$m)%share Value(N$m)%shareSouthAfrica 49,131 45% 49,360 55% 0.5%▼Zambia 15,594 14% 4,240 5% 268%▲China 6,253 6% 4,610 5% 36%▲Bahamas 5,734 5% 24 0% 23544%▲Botswana 4,508 4% 5,450 6% 17%▼Bulgaria 2,740 2% 5,816 7% 53%▼UK 2,650 2% 704 1% 276%▲USA 2,208 2% 1,751 2% 26%▲India 1,899 2% 1,952 2% 3%▼UAE 1,634 1% 1,346 2% 21%▲Peru 1,584 1% 1,551 2% 2%▲Spain 1,391 1% 603 1% 131%▲Singapore 1,077 1% 162 0% 565%▲Germany 1,046 1% 1,224 1% 15%▼Mauritius 990 1% 111 0% 789%▲Other 11,781 11% 10,139 11% 16%▲Subtotal 103,580 94% 78,904 89% 31%▲Grandtotal 110,219 100% 89,043 100% 24%▲

Partner2018 2017

%∆Y/Y

40

Table7:Top15exportbyproductgroup

Table8:Top15re-exportbyproductgroup

Value(N$m) %share Value(N$m) %share71:PreciousStones&Metals 20,542 22% 20,831 33% 1%▼74:Copper 20,482 22% 5,434 9% 277%▲89:Vessels&Boats 11,633 13% 2,666 4% 336%▲26:Ores 10,438 11% 8,082 13% 29%▲03:Fish 9,613 10% 8,981 14% 7%▲01:Liveanimals 2,763 3% 2,543 4% 9%▲79:Zinc 2,644 3% 2,919 5% 9%▼87:MotorVehicles&parts 1,494 2% 1,304 2% 15%▲22:Beverages 1,207 1% 1,026 2% 18%▲84:IndustrialMachinery 1,202 1% 1,042 2% 15%▲02:Meat 969 1% 1,008 2% 4%▼25:NaturalMinerals&Stone 842 1% 804 1% 5%▲08:Fruits&nuts 751 1% 554 1% 36%▲99:Usedpersonaleffects 732 1% 123 0% 494%▲73:ArticlesofIronorSteel 677 1% 553 1% 23%▲Other 6,849 7% 5,999 9% 14%▲Subtotal 85,989 93% 57,868 91% 49%▲Grandtotal 92,838 100% 63,868 100% 45%▲

%∆Y/YProductgroup2018 2017

Value(N$m) %share Value(N$m)%share74:Copper 19,123 43% 4,203 18% 355%▲89:Vessels&Boats 11,631 26% 2,664 11% 337%▲71:PreciousStones&Metals 5,737 13% 5,474 24% 5%▲87:MotorVehicles&parts 1,424 3% 1,267 5% 12%▲84:IndustrialMachinery 899 2% 933 4% 4%▼79:Zinc 776 2% 1,548 7% 50%▼73:ArticlesofIronorSteel 607 1% 493 2% 23%▲39:Plastics 545 1% 128 1% 326%▲38:Chemicalproducts 422 1% 529 2% 20%▼85:ElectricalMachinery 378 1% 390 2% 3%▼24:Tobacco 288 1% 204 1% 41%▲40:Rubber 287 1% 266 1% 8%▲28:InorganicChemicals 281 1% 90 0% 211%▲02:Meat 272 1% 179 1% 52%▲27:Oils&Mineralfuels 255 1% 850 4% 70%▼Other 1,659 4% 3,967 17% 58%▼Subtotal 42,925 96% 19,219 83% 123%▲Grandtotal 44,584 100% 23,186 100% 92%▲

Productgroup 2018 2017 %∆Y/Y

41

Table9:Top15importbyproductgroup

Table10:Exportsandimportsoffish

Value(N$m) %share Value(N$m) %share74:Copper 15,283 14% 4,017 5% 280%▲27:Oils&Mineralfuels 11,464 10% 9,072 10% 26%▲89:Vessels&Boats 10,884 10% 773 1% 1309%▲84:IndustrialMachinery 8,039 7% 7,728 9% 4%▲87:MotorVehicles&parts 7,845 7% 8,181 9% 4%▼22:Beverages 2,056 2% 2,066 2% 1%▼85:ElectricalMachinery 5,088 5% 4,927 6% 3%▲26:Ores 4,866 4% 7,624 9% 36%▼71:PreciousStones&Metals 4,413 4% 5,344 6% 17%▼73:ArticlesofIronorSteel 3,027 3% 2,948 3% 3%▲39:Plastics 2,632 2% 2,072 2% 27%▲30:Pharmaceuticals 2,099 2% 1,917 2% 9%▲48:Paper 1,445 1% 1,220 1% 18%▲33:Cosmetics 1,408 1% 1,359 2% 4%▲28:InorganicChemicals 1,385 1% 1,216 1% 14%▲Other 28,285 26% 28,578 32% 1%▼Subtotal 87,076 79% 60,465 68% 44%▲Grandtotal 110,219 100% 89,043 100% 24%▲

%∆Y/YProductgroup2018 2017

Value(N$m) %Change Value(N$m) %Change2008 4,577 0 251 02009 5,429 3%▼ 352 40%▲2010 5,255 3%▼ 255 27%▼2011 5,148 2%▼ 221 13%▼2012 5,774 12%▲ 234 6%▲2013 7,089 23%▲ 344 47%▲2014 7,120 0%▲ 437 27%▲2015 7,098 0%▼ 445 2%▲2016 8,841 25%▲ 735 65%▲2017 8,981 2%▲ 533 27%▼2018 9,613 7%▲ 682 28%▲

Export ImportYear

42

Table11:Exportproductstokeymarkets

Value(N$m)%Share Value(N$m) %Share74:Copper 9,766 60% - 0% -26:Ores 5,956 36% 1,790 54% 233%▲79:Zinc 311 2% 1,002 30% 69%▼25:NaturalMinerals&Stone 164 1% 226 7% 27%▼68:Stone,Brick&Tiles 64 0% 42 1% 51%▲23:AnimalFeeds 63 0% 70 2% 10%▼28:Inorganicchemicals 19 0% 0 0% 6428%▲84:Industrialmachinery 16 0% 2 0% 863%▲56:Ropes 14 0% 0 0% 440070%▲44:Wood 10 0% 5 0% 108%▲Other 28 0% 198 6% 86%▼Sub-Total 16,382 100% 3,136 94% 422%▲Grand-Total 16,410 100% 3,334 100% 392%▲

Value(N$m)%Share Value(N$m) %Share71:Preciousstonesmetals 4,392 30% 5,777 38% 24%▼01:Liveanimals 2,681 18% 2,479 16% 8%▲03:Fish 1,491 10% 1,407 9% 6%▲22:Beverages 1,016 7% 783 5% 30%▲87:Motorvehicles&parts 867 6% 776 5% 12%▲79:Zinc 771 5% 359 2% 114%▲84:Industrialmachinery 762 5% 653 4% 17%▲16:Preparationsofmeat 489 3% 245 2% 99%▲02:Meat 345 2% 413 3% 16%▼25:NaturalMinerals&Stone 288 2% 191 1% 51%▲Other 1,783 12% 1,976 13% 10%▼Sub-Total 13,103 88% 13,084 87% 0%▲Grand-Total 14,886 100% 15,060 100% 1%▼

Value(N$m)%Share Value(N$m) %Share74:Copper 7,191 77% 620 19% 1060%▲71:Preciousstones&metals 1,397 15% 1,596 49% 12%▼24:Tobacco 249 3% 172 5% 44%▲26:Ores 222 2% 196 6% 13%▲79:Zinc 147 2% 543 17% 73%▼08:Fruitsandnuts 52 1% 57 2% 8%▼44:Wood 23 0% 8 0% 185%▲03:Fish 8 0% 10 0% 23%▼Other 13 0% 27 1% 52%▼Sub-Total 9,289 100% 3,202 99% 190%▲Grand-Total 9,302 100% 3,229 100% 188%▲

∆Y/Y

∆Y/YProductgroup2018 2017

Productgroup2018 2017

China

SouthAfrica

Belgium

∆Y/YProductgroup2018 2017

43

Value(N$m)%Share Value(N$m) %Share71:Preciousstones&metals 8,719 94% 7,803 92% 12%▲27:Oils&mineralfuels 178 2% 320 4% 44%▼87:Motorvehicles&parts 113 1% 100 1% 13%▲16:Preparationsofmeats 51 1% 52 1% 3%▼93:Arms&ammunition 30 0% 3 0% 849%▲25:NaturalMinerals&Stone 23 0% 19 0% 21%▲22:Beverages 20 0% 26 0% 24%▼72:Iron&Steal 17 0% 0 0% 11499%▲02:Meat 15 0% 7 0% 105%▲Other 80 1% 122 1% 35%▼Sub-Total 9,165 99% 8,331 99% 10%▲Grand-Total 9,245 100% 8,453 100% 9%▲

Value(N$m)%Share Value(N$m) %Share89:Vessels&boats 5,427 88% 0 0% 30867685%▲02:Meat 239 4% 223 38% 7%▲08:Fruitsandnuts 227 4% 146 25% 55%▲44:Wood 98 2% 87 15% 12%▲Other 183 3% 125 22% 46%▲Sub-Total 5,991 97% 456 78% 1213%▲Grand-Total 6,174 100% 582 100% 961%▲


∆Y/Y

∆Y/Y


UnitedKingndom

Botswana

44

Table12:Re-exportproductstokeymarkets

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m) %Share74:Copper 9,766 99% - 0% -79:Zinc 21 0% 744 85% 97%▼28:Inorganicchemicals 19 0% - 0% -56:Ropes 14 0% 0 0% 443508%▲84:Industrialmachinery 13 0% 2 0% 726%▲Other 9 0% 131 15% 93%▼Sub-Total 9,833 100% 746 85% 1218%▲Grand-total 9,842 100% 877 100% 1022%▲

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m) %Share74:Copper 7,191 84% 620 24% 1060%▲71:Preciousstones&metals 1,111 13% 1,455 56% 24%▼24:Tobacco 249 3% 172 7% 44%▲Other 6 0% 330 13% 98%▼Sub-Total 8,551 100% 2,247 87% 281%▲Grand-total 8,556 100% 2,577 100% 232%▲

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m) %Share89:Vessels&boats 5,427 98% 0 0% 30867685%▲74:Copper 60 1% - 0% -84:Industrialmachinery 48 1% 8 58% 500%▲73:Articlesofironorsteel 17 0% 0 1% 21401%▲Other 10 0% 6 41% 86%▲Sub-Total 5,552 100% 8 59% 68585%▲Grand-total 5,562 100% 14 100% 40587%▲

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m) %Share89:Vessels&boats 4,674 100% - 0% -84:Industrialmachinery 9 0% 48 93% 81%▼Other 1 0% 4 7% 68%▼Sub-Total 4,684 100% 48 93% 9641%▲Grand-total 4,685 100% 52 100% 8945%▲

China

2018 2017Belgium

ΔY/Y

2018 2017 ΔY/YProductgroup

Productgroup

Productgroup

Productgroup

UnitedKingndom

MarshalIsland

ΔY/Y

ΔY/Y

45

Value(N$m) %Share Value(N$m) %Share87:Motorvehicles&parts 798 32% 740 30% 8%▲71:Preciousstones&metals 610 24% 126 5% 385%▲84:Industrialmachinery 469 19% 549 22% 15%▼86:Railwayequipments 194 8% 73 3% 166%▲85:Electricalmachinery 146 6% 157 6% 7%▼90:Precisioninstruments 39 2% 41 2% 4%▼70:Glass&Glassware 33 1% 39 2% 15%▼73:Articlesofironorsteel 31 1% 25 1% 27%▲88:Aircrafts 29 1% 15 1% 96%▲72:Iron&Steel 21 1% 29 1% 29%▼Other 123 5% 689 28% 82%▼Sub-Total 2,370 95% 1,795 72% 32%▲Grand-total 2,493 100% 2,483 100% 0%▲

Productgroup ΔY/Y

SouthAfrica

46

Table13:Importproductsfromkeymarkets

47

2018 2017Value(N$m) Value(N$m)

87:Motorvehicles&parts 6,579 13% 6,754 14% 3%▼84:Industrialmachinery 4,764 10% 5,280 11% 10%▼27:Oils&mineralfuels 3,387 7% 2,564 5% 32%▲85:Electricalmachinery 2,834 6% 3,235 7% 12%▼73:Articlesofironorsteel 2,031 4% 2,035 4% 0%▼22:Beverages 1,861 4% 1,900 4% 2%▼30:Pharmaceuticals 1,659 3% 1,482 3% 12%▲39:Plastics 1,644 3% 1,595 3% 3%▲33:Cosmetics 1,216 2% 1,179 2% 3%▲48:Paper 1,213 2% 1,041 2% 17%▲Other 21,943 45% 22,295 45% 2%▼Sub-Total 27,188 55% 27,065 55% 0%▲Grand-Total 49,131 100% 49,360 100% 0%▼


74:Copper 15,062 1 3,913 92% 285%▲24:Tobacco 251 2% 171 4% 47%▲23:Animalfeeds 133 1% 114 3% 17%▲85:Electricalmachinery 34 0% 4 0% 750%▲28:Inorganicchemicals 34 0% - - -72:Iron&Steel 25 0% 2 0% 1150%▲Other 55 0% 36 1% 53%▲Sub-Total 15,539 100% 4,204 99% 270%▲Grand-Total 15,594 100% 4,240 100% 268%▲


84:Industrialmachinery 1,330 21% 675 15% 97%▲85:Electricalmachinery 1,117 18% 639 14% 75%▲73:Articlesofironorsteel 673 11% 702 15% 4%▼28:Inorganicchemicals 456 7% 281 6% 62%▲88:Aircrafts 398 6% 241 5% 65%▲72:Iron&Steel 330 5% 183 4% 80%▲27:Oils&mineralfuels 296 5% 1 0% 29500%▲87:Mototvehicles&parts 196 3% 403 9% 51%▼61:Apparel:knittorcrocheted 150 2% 24 1% 525%▲39:Plastics 139 2% 89 2% 56%▲Other 1,168 19% 1,372 30% 15%▼Sub-Total 5,085 81% 3,238 70% 57%▲Grand-Total 6,253 100% 4,610 100% 36%▲

∆Y/Y

∆Y/Y

∆Y/Y

SouthAfrica

Zambia

China

Productgroup

Productgroup

Productgroup

48


89:Vessels&boats 5,721 100% 0 - -27:Oils&mineralfuels 11 0% 22 92% 50%▼34:Soap&waxes 0 0% 1 4% 100%▼Other 2 0% 1 4% 100%▲Sub-Total 5,732 100% 23 96% 24822%▲Grand-Total 5,734 100% 24 100% 23792%▲


71:Preciousstones&metals 4,165 92% 5,114 94% 19%▼85:Electricalmachinery 97 2% 96 2% 1%▲87:Motorvehicles&parts 88 2% 54 1% 63%▲27:Oils&mineralfuels 34 1% 30 1% 13%▲84:Industiralmachinery 13 0% 33 1% 61%▼39:Plastics 13 0% 11 0% 18%▲Other 98 2% 112 2% 13%▼Sub-Total 4,410 98% 5,338 98% 17%▼Grand-Total 4,508 100% 5,450 100% 17%▼

Productgroup

∆Y/Y

∆Y/Y

Bahamas

Botswana

Productgroup

49

Table14:Tradebyborderpost/office

EXValue(N$m) %Share IMValue(N$m) %Share EXValue(N$m) %Share IMValue(N$m) %ShareAriamsvlei 3,790 4% 16,400 15% 3,790 6% 17,300 19%ErosAirport 8,770 9% 2,590 2% 7,880 12% 3,150 4%F.P.duToit 0 0% 3,070 3% 0 0% 3,440 4%Gobabis 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%Grootfontein 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%ChiefHoseaKutakoIntlAirport 12,300 13% 2,630 2% 13,400 21% 2,130 2%ImpalilaIsland 0 0% 13 0% 0 0% 17 0%KatimaMulilo 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%Katwitwi 20 0% 1 0% 8 0% 1 0%Keetmanshoop 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 2 0%Lüderitz 4,390 5% 1,970 2% 4,320 7% 1,340 2%KleinManase 0 0% 2 0% 0 0% 1 0%Mohembo 35 0% 100 0% 23 0% 135 0%Ngoma 191 0% 333 0% 229 0% 393 0%Noordoewer 2,920 3% 9,330 8% 2,300 4% 9,610 11%Omahenene 29 0% 2 0% 70 0% 2 0%Ondangwa 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%Oranjemund 149 0% 1,070 1% 81 0% 1,030 1%Oshakati 0 0% 2 0% 0 0% 1 0%Oshikango 539 1% 28 0% 664 1% 50 0%Otjiwarongo 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 2 0%Ruacana 1 0% 0 0% 1 0% 0 0%Rundu 3 0% 2 0% 2 0% 3 0%TransKalahari 4,750 5% 17,100 16% 4,190 7% 16,000 18%Tsumeb 0 0% 1 0% 4 0% 1 0%InternationslAirport-Windhoek 1 0% 15 0% 1 0% 19 0%WalvisBay 50,400 54% 37,600 34% 23,600 37% 27,400 31%Wenela 4,350 5% 15,700 14% 3,230 5% 4,290 5%WindhoekRegionalWarehouseOffice 0 0% 2,150 2% 0 0% 2,630 3%WindhoekRegionalOffice 189 0% 113 0% 70 0% 96 0%WindhoekRegionalExciseOffice 0 0% 49 0% 0 0% 46 0%Total 92,829 100% 110,271 100% 63,864 100% 89,091 100%

Office/Borderpost 2018 2017

50

Documents

ANNUAL TRADE STATISTICS BULLETIN 2018 · 2 The product category precious stones & metals is composed of diamonds (80%), gold (18%) and other precious stones and jewelry (1%). 3The