UI LLINO SUNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN

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University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign Library

Large-scale Digitization Project, 2007.

0 7 UTlcVaSITY OF ILLINOIS LIB A Y

5Annual ReportS46/47 1946.47top3

Dear President Stoddard:

I have the honor to submit the Annual Report of the UniversityLibrary for the year ending June 30, 1947. The period covered by thepresent report was marked by the highest recorded use of all public serviceunits of the Library organization, reflecting the University's increasedstudent enrollment; by the establishment of branch libraries to serve thenew undergraduate divisions at Chicago and Galesburg; and by a noteworthygrowth in the Library's research resources, especially in the field of rarebooks and foreign publications. These and other developments are discussedbelow in more detail,

GROWTH OF THE LIBRARY

At the end of the fiscal year, June 30, 1947, the Library held1,982,094 volumes in Urbana and 94,118 volumes on other campuses, altogether2,076,212 volumes, or a net increase of 72,590 volumes over the previousyear. Materials purchased cost approximately $300,000, and to these wereadded thousands of items acquired by gift and exchange. Purely from aphysical point of view these figures represent the largest expansion in theLibrary's holdings for any single year of its history, and in many respectsthe quality of the accessions was comparably high. Particular attention shouldbe called to the acquisition of the Ward Library on parasitology, over 5,000titles relating to labor and ind8strial relations, 17,000 volumes of Europeanwartime publications, 3,000 early English plays, and an important group ofrare books and manuscripts for the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries.

Ward LibraryProfessor Henry B. Ward is generally regarded as the founder of

the science of parasitology in the United States. During his long andextremely active career he was an assiduous collector of books, pamphlets,journals and reprints in his field. He carried on correspondence andexchanges with scientists throughtout the world. At the time of his deathhe had accumulated what is believed to be the largest and most importantparasitological and microscopical collection in existence, roughly 15,000volumes and 35,000 reprints. Ranging in date from the sixteenth centurydown to the prrsent day, the collection was systematically classified andazranged for research purposes. In order to insure retaining this outstandinglibrary at the University of Illinois, a special appropriation was approvedby the Trustees for purchase of the book collection, while the Ward familyagreed to present the reprints as a memorial to Dr. Ward. In January 1947,therefore, the entire assemblage was transferred to the University Library.

Rare BooksThroughout the war years and since the Library has endeavored to

take advantage of opportunities to add to its noteworthy rare book holdings,placing chief emphasis on English and continental European literature of thesixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but also branching out to some extentinto the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries. In the normal course of events

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1Cz 17 1948

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such works i. becoming scarcer because of war destruction, and becauseJthey are rapidly being bought up by public institutions, to be permanentlyitaken out of the market. A library which has not already made a considerable•beginning in the rare book field would now have little chance of developing acollection of great distinction. Through generous assistance from the

,Graduate School Research Board and the Committee on Special Appropriations,,the University Library acquired during the year several significant groupsLof rare books and manuscripts. Included were about fifty volumes ofincunabula; fifteen manuscript volumes (chiefly English in origin), rangingfrom the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries; and plays, poems, liturgicalworks, and other imprints of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Onesection of special distinction is eight contemporary Shakespeare quartos,formerly a part of the famous Frank Hogan private library in Washington.

Labor CollectionAs reported last year, the Library has embarked upon an ambitious

program for developing its holdings on the subject of labor, broadlyinterpreted, to support the activities of the new Institute of Labor andIndustrial Relations. The Library's collecting interest in labor materialsbegan about thirty years ago and consequently there was a notable foundationon which to build. With the advice and assistance of Institute staff members,about 5,200 monographic and serial titles in this field were selected andacquired. A systematic canvass was made of bibliographical sources toidentify published items on labor. Of more than 15,000 titles checked forpossible purchase,,it was found the Library possessed about two thirds, andthe gaps are rapidly being filled. Arrangements were made to havespecialized dealers in this country and abroad collect pertinent literature,send quotations, and submit stock cards for checking. Also, orders were placedfor microfilm or photostat copies of journals and reports not available inoriginal form. As a result of all this activity, the Library's facilitiesfor research in problems of labor and industrial relations are now beginningto rank with the leading American collections.

Foreign PublicationsApproximately 17,000 volumes, tssued in Europe from 1940 through

1946, were received during the year from the Library of Congress cooperativeproject for the acquisition of wartime publications. It is estimated that acollection of similar proportions is still to be received under this plan.The bulk of the material, which classifies in practically all fields, isGerman in origin, though other continental European countries are wellrepresented. Aside from topical values, the collection as a whole faithfullyreflects the period, the places, and the conditions, under which the bookswere produced, and in that way constitutes a useful contemporary record.

While a member of the American Embassy staff in Madrid, ProfessorJohn Van Home made substantial purchases for the Library and about 1,500volumes of Spanish literature were received during the year from this source.

Likewise in the foreign field, the Library was successful inobtaining intelligence reports on German industry, particularly on chemicalsubjects, published by the Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee(C10S), the British Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee (BIOS), and theField Information Agency, Technical (FIAT). As one of the few researchlibraries selected as depositories for the Wright Field Air Documents Index,the Library also has available records of many thousands of aviation documentsfrom ex-enemy nations.

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Prewar foreign exchange relationships have been generally revived.Shipments of exchange material from Belgium, France, the Netherlands,Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and elsewhere are coming with increased regularity,and Russian publications are being received through the USSR Society forCultural Relations with Foreign Countries in Moscow. In reciprocation, 69cases of University of Illinois Press publication, accumulated during thewar, were shipped to the Smithsonian Institution, official American clearingagency, for transmittal to institutions on the Library's foreign exchange list.Austria and Turkey have recently been added to the countries which can acceptexchange shipments, but publications destined for Germany are still beingheld. The Library is now carrying on exchange transactions with 3,469institutions, here and abroad.

The number of European periodicals received increased markedlyduring the past year. One shipment included 2,000 issues of journals forthe war years from a German dealer, who had held them for the Library duringthe war period. Most Italian periodicals stored in Italy have reached us,though some were destroyed in warehouses. A historical source of someimportance was acquired when the Library obtained files of the Russian news-papers, Isvestia and Pravda, on microfilm for the war years, and in originalform since.

The foreign booktrade situation has improved somewhat in recentmonths, though currency restrictions, export regulations, and other governmentrules in many foreign countries still impede the normal flow of communications.Book and periodical shipments are coming through from England, the Netherlands;Scandinavian countries, France, Spain and Italy, with comparatively littledifficulty. Permission has been granted one American bookseller and importerto reestablish a German branch, and at least one major German dealer has beenauthorized to resume business. It may therefore be expected that we shallbe able to purchase German books through usual trade channels in the nearfuture.

Other Important AcquisitionsThrough a discovery by Professor T. W. Baldwin, while on leave in

London, there was acquired a collection of 5,000 English plays, chiefly ofthe seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

The Library was selected as one of twenty-five institutions toreceive on deposit the publications of the United Nations. Over 1,000pieces have arrived thus far.

Through designation by the Library of Congress, three shipmentsof previously restricted documents were received. Included were many Warand Navy Department technical publications, and numbers of various seriesnot available for distribution during the war. From the Office of PriceAdministration was received a set of OPA comnodity desk books, includingvolumes on consumer goods, food, lumber, metals, and machinery.

GiftsGifts received by the Library were numerols and important. There

might be singled out for particular mention the following: fourteen workson early American architecture, from John W. Gregg; several hundred engineeringbooks, pamphlets and periodicals, from Arthur Cutts Willard; 225 volumes ofSpanish art, literature, political and social sciences, from John Van Home;

U. OF ILL. LIB.

5.080 aerial photographs from the U.S. Soil Conservation Service; and2,952 items of British war literature from the University of Minnesota Library.

Other gifts from alumni and students included: Morgan Brooks(380 volumes and pamphlets and 506 periodicals); Louis E. Hartrick (207volumes and pamphlets and 5 maps), Mrs. Leroy R. Lang (85 pamphlets and 87music scores) R. W. Layer (9 volumes on art), Mrs. W. G. Palmer (124volumes and pamphlets and 154 periodicals). Mrs. T. C. Pease (11 volumesand pamphlets and 83 periodicals), Deete Rolfe (42 volumes), and F. W. Scott(520 volumes and pamphlets and 8 periodicals).

From faculty and staff members were received: L. A. Adams (severalvolumes of early voyages), Roger Adams (55 volumes and pamphlets and 224periodicals), H. E. Babbitt (46 volumes and pamphlets and 174 periodicals),H. Heaton Bailey (92 pamphlets and 45 periodicals) W. V. Balduf (29 pamphlets,198 periodicals, 65 reprints), Natalie Belting (158 volumes and pamphlets, 192periodicals, 92 music scores). Max Black (123 volumes and pamphlets, 54periodicals), Arthur B. Coble (590 volumes and pamphlets, 507 periodicals,5,954 reprints), P. D. Converse (331 volumes and pamphlets), C. L. Cooper(45 volumes and pamphlets), Frank G. Dickinson (133 volumes and pamphlets),H. B. Dorner (700 volumes and pamphlets), M. L. Enger (64 volumes andpamphlets, 126 periodicals, 3 maps), Nettie Esselbaugh (60 volumes andpamphlets 6 periodicals), R. C. Fuson (201 volumes and pamphlets), ColemanR. Griffith (43 volumes), C. B. Hagan (33 volumes and 67 periodicals),Lillian Hart (178 volumes), Dorothy Heicke (20 volumes), Walter A. Huelsen(59 volumes and pamphlets, 21 periodicals); M. H. Hunter (34 volumes),W .C. Huntington (33 volumes and pamphlets), R. W. Jugenheimer (56 volumes),W, M. Langdon (492 periodicals), David E. Lindstrom (81 volumes and pamphlets,14 periodicals), Oliver L. McCaskill (133 volumes and pamphlets), John M.Mathews (590 volumes and pamphlets, 1,090 periodicals, 54 reprints), RexfordNewcomb (14 volumes and pamphlets, 244 periodicals), John J. Parry (193volumes and pamphlets, 229 periodicals), F. E. Schooley (105 volumes andpamphlets, 25 periodicals), George D, Stoddard (253 volumes and 6 periodicals),A. N. Talbot estate (60 volumes and 396 periodicals), W. R. Tylor estate(161 volumes and pamphlets, 27 periodicals), E. H. Waldo (94 volumes andpamphlets, 9 periodicals, 24 prints), Edna Walls (49 volumes and pamphlets),Mary C. Whitlock (83 volumes and pamphlets, 81 periodicals), Everett G. Young(162 volumes and 233 periodicals).

Gifts from other individuals and organizations included: AmericanGeographical Society (568 maps), Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Ewing (40 volumes andpamphlets), Kate Fahnestock (60 volumes), Illinois Bell Telephone Co.(768 directories), Illinois Farmers Institute (665 volumes and pamphlets,234 periodicals), Illinois State Federation of Labor (754 pamphlets), M. L.Kennedy (115 volumes and pamphlets), Mrs. Milo S. Ketchum (57 volumes andpamphlets, 68 periodicals), Mrs. Vashti McCollum (642 pamphlets and 100periodicals), Urbana Chamber of Commerce (25 city directories), WesleyFoundation (26 volumes), and Phelps Wyman (21 volumes, 191 periodicals).

USE OF THE LIBRARY

For the first time in the history of the Library, tota ;l i ationin Urbana went over one million volumes, reaching a figure of ,, anincrease of 42 percent over the previous year, and running far ahead of the

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earlier record of 991,517 volumes, set in 1939-40. Reflecting the hugeenrollment, all-time high figures were reached in nearly every publicservice division, e.g., the Chemistry Library's circulation increased 157percent, Architecture 145 percent, and Journalism by more than 200 percent.The general Circulation and Reference Departments experienced similarheavy demands.

Though explained in part by enlarged enrollment, the expanded usemay be accounted for also by several other factors. Veterans, who made upmore than one half the student body, were serious and constant patrons ofthe Library. Further, a larger than normal percentage of graduate studentsran up circulation figures. Finally, home study conditions were unsatisfactoryfor hundreds of students, who spent more time in the Library and used morelibrary materials than might otherwise have been the case.

Along with phenomenal circulation statistics went heavy pressureon library seating space. Attendance in certain departmental libraries -Chemistry, Law, Journalism, and Natural History - grew so large that effortswere made to restrict readers to those actually making use of the specializedmaterials in these libraries. Possibilities for space expansion in mostdepartmental libraries are practically non-existent, because of classroom andoffice requirements. The only solution at present appears to be to permitstudents to take books to empty classrooms or wherever study space may be found

Efforts were made to bring within reasonable limits the excessivedemands made each semester by students engaged in writing Rhetoric 2 themes.At those periods, the Circulation and Reference Departments are flooded withrequests that tax their staffs and facilities to the utmost. Wear and tearon the reference collection, necessitating replacement of expensive andfrequently rare material is one serious aspect of the problem. Closercooperation with the Rhetoric staff in the assignments made to students isbeing sought as one method of controlling this situation. To make Rhetoricstudents better acquainted with the proper use of the Library, about 3,200of them were conducted on small group tours in the course of the year.

Other highlights of 1946-47 in the public service departments maybe summarized briefly. The Commerce, Sociology and Social WelfareAdministration Library, one of the busiest units of the organization,installed a number of sections of open shelving, on which were placedperiodicals, reference books, and general collateral reading, in order tobroaden its services. All elementary school textbooks in the UniversityHigh School Library were transferred to the Education Library,' where it isbelieved they can be used more advantageously. Plans for providing moreseating room and stack area for the Journalism Library are under way.Responsibility for administration of the School of Music's large recordcollection was transferred from the School to the Music Library. The Audio-Visual Aide Room, established a year ago, expanded its services to facultyand students, and added a number of pieces of new equipment. The Map Room,with accessions arriving from many different directions, now contains about89,000 maps. The Photographic Laboratory produced 100 percent more micro-film for interlibrary loans and 150 percent more for University use thanthe previous year, despite inadequate equipment and lack of staff. ALabor Reference Librarian was appointed to serve the Division of Laborand Industrial Relations.

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In addition to the above, the.public service divisions took partin other useful enterprises. The fifth edition of the Library Handbook

for Undergraduate Students was issued. The Handbook of Public ServiceDepartments was completely revised and widely distributed. Work was begunon a library handbook for graduate studetns and faculty. The Librarycooperated with the University Convocation Committee by arranging displaysof material bearing on the speakers' subjects. Exhibitions were alsoarranged for the Women's Career Conference and Freshman Activity Night.

Radio Program and Library HourFrom October through June, for the third year, the Library

presented a weekly radio program over station WILL, drawing upon membersof the faculty and staff for speakers and offering a variety of topicsof a bookish nature.

Another program which has become a fixture is the "Library Hour",now in its fourth year. In this series, twenty-three Wednesday afternoontalks were presented, with a total attendance of 1,810 and an average weeklyattendance of 80 - from the point of view of attendance the most successfulseason in the program's existence. Like the radio series, speakers wererecruited principally from the faculty and staff. Among subjects discussedwere German and Austrian experiences, American folk music, modern education,tropical plants and animals, labor and industrial relations, UNRRA, GeorgeOrwell, aviation, book collecting, world libraries, modern dance, abstractart, geopolitics, mental hygiene, Illinois authors, southern European travel,wartime rubber development, and the Russian language. Whenever possible,speakers were asked to recommend books and other readings pertinent to theirtopics, Statistics of attendance indicated generally that speakers who madeuse of audio-visual aids, such as films and records, attracted the largeraudiences,

ExhibitionsAnother public relations activity which drew a considerable number

of people to the Library was a series of exhibits. These displays, placedat the main entrance of the Library, and skillfully arranged by members ofthe library staff, art department and others, attracted much favorablecomment. Particularly popular were the following: faculty pnd studentart work, fifty best printed books of the year, books produced by offsetlithography, archives of the Faculty Players Club, books from wartime Spain,original cartoons from the Daily Illlini, University of Illinois history,labor publications, inland waterways, animal sculpture, nature photography,types of newspapers in the Library, and a collection of Chinese objects.While widely diverse in subject matter, it is believed that such exhibitionsare of value for visual education, and help to show the Library's wealthof resources.

PREPARATION OF MATERIALS

The acquisition, binding, classification and cataloging of library

materials are among the major functions of the Library. Proper preparation

of books for use helps to preserve them permanently, greatly increases their

accessibility, and brings order out of what would otherwise be a chaotic

mass of books, pamphlets, films, manuscripts, music scores, maps, and other

types of documents. A brief summary of the work of the technical departments

concerned will show something of the extent of their activities.

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Acqusition DepartmentFirst steps in adding publications to the Library are ordinarily

taken by the Acquisition Department, which, with its Purchase, Gift,Exchange, and Periodical Divisions, carries on a worldwide correspondence,as well as an immense amount of routine ordering. Through various channelsduring the past year, the Department procured for the Library 53,557 volumes,41,218 pamphlets, 642 pieces of music, 23,526 maps, 740 films, and smallerquantities of manuscripts, photostats, prints, charts, records, and alides, atotal of 120,176 pieces, In addition, 16,462 periodical titles were currentlyreceived and checked, and 2,406 foreign and American dissertations acquired.

Binding DepartmentMore restricted in scope, the Binding Department's contribution

is no less essential to library operations. Badly handicapped during thewar years by shortages of labor and materials, truck strikes, and delays inreturn of books from the bindery, the Department made a complete recoveryduring the past year and handled the largest quantity of binding since itsorganization, sending 17,474 and receiving 21,564 volumes. Much of thistotal represented materials in arrears - in some instances by many months.Now that the accumulation has been cleared up for the most part, it isexpected that the bindery will soon be able to resume its prewar scheduleof four weeks for regular and two weeks for rush binding. Like other phasesof the Library's work, the amount of binding and rebinding tends to increasefrom year to year, together with higher costs for the operation, Includingthe new divisions at Chicago and Galesburg, it is anticipated that the numberof volumes to be bound and the expense of binding in 1947-48 will beapproximately double prewar figures.

The Binding Department's Mending Division saves considerable moneyfor the Library by repairing books, binding pamphlets, preparing slip covers,and otherwise processing items not requiring full-scale binding. For theyear, 1,809 books were rebound or repaired and 7,563 pamphlets bound, farmore economically than would have been possible commercially.

Catalog DepartmentA gain of 29 percent in the number of volumes cataloged for the

Urbana campus was recorded by this department - from 58,457 in 1945-46 to75,345 in 1946-47. Furthermore, nearly 4,000 volumes were cataloged for theNavy Pier Library and about 1,000 for the Galesburg branch. The work load ofthe department has grown steadily because of the huge influx of books fromthe Library of Congress' cooperative acquisition program for foreign books.Another difficult problem in classifying and cataloging was created by thelarge number of hitherto secret documents, relating to scientific, technicaland military matters, released since the war by the armed services, theOffice of Scientifc Research and Development, and other governmental agencies.Much of this material is highly specialized, and requires expert knowledgefor accurate classification and cataloging.

The decision of the Library of Congress to discontinue freedistribution of cards for depository catalogs, and instead to publish itscatalog in book form, brought about certain changes in the Catalog Departmentat the beginning of 1947. The depository catalog is being maintained, foran experimental period, by Library of Congress proof sheets, cut to card

size. Two subscriptions were placed for all cumulative issues of the new

publication, for use by catalogers, and additional copies were placed in

other departments of the Library for current reference purposes.

By agreement with the Library of Congress, the Catalog Departmentfurnishes copy for the printing of catalog entries for the followingcategories of material: (1) publications of the state of Illinois,(2) non-copyright publications of the University of Illinois,(5) doctoraldissertations accepted by the University of Illinois, (4) analyticals ofcertain foreign monographic serials, and (5) specific titles, chieflyforeign, on special request. The number of titles cataloged in the lastgroup has multiplied greatly within the past year, because of the Libraryof Congress foreign acquisition program. A high proportion of booksdistributed through this project are cataloged cooperatively by theparticipating libraries.

Chief responsibility for setting up the card file for the AirDocuments Index in the Engineering Library was assumed by the CatalogDepartment. The cards included in the Index represent chiefly unpublishedtechnical documents, relating to aeronautics and guided missiles,confiscated by American forces in Germany, and prepared and distributed toselected centers by the Army Air Forces at Wright Field. Originally it wasestimated the complete file would contain 300,000 cards for 50,000 documents,but it is now certain the number will be much larger.

The Department cooperated with the Library of Congress in aproject under way for the past several years to record materials in theRussian language held by American libraries.

GeneralThe Acquisition, Binding and Catalog Departments continued their

joint efforts to clear up the huge accumulation of unlisted and unclassifiedperiodicals, government documents, and miscellaneous materials stored inthe Library basement for the past generation or more. Careful checking isrevealing that a majority of these publications are needed for the Library'sfiles. Of 390,580 periodical issues checked to date, 236,620, or about two-thirds are wanted to complete sets held by the Library. Duplicates aredisposed of by exchange with other libraries, are sent to dealers, ordonated for the reconstruction of war-devastated libraries abroad.

CHICAGO AND GALESBURG

To serve the University's two newly established undergraduatedivisions in Chicago and at Galesbrug, junior college libraries wereestablished in the fall of 1946,

The largest of these branches, at Navy Pier in Chicago, startedorganization of staff, purchase of equipment, and acquisition of a bookcollection in October, but did not actually open for service until January

1947. Space assigned to the library at the Pier is the former Navy mess

hall, at the east end of the Pier, looking out over Lake Michigan on the

north and south sides. Seating space is provided for 800 readers and

shelving for perhaps 20,000 volumes. At the end of the year, the library

actually contained 10,111 volumes, including 2,016 volumes on deposit

from the Chicago Public Library.

Many practical problems were encountered in getting the Navy Pier

Library under way. There were shortages of all essential commodities - staff,

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books, and equipment - and numerous physical difficulties to be overcomein the space assigned to the Library. The lighting was inadequate, floorsneeded replacing, the roof leaked badly, two large gas furnaces in the roomemitted a deafening roar, multiple exits complicated control from the pointof view of library administration, and there were other less major situations.By the end of the second semester, however satisfactory solutions had beenfound for nearly all these conditions: (1) An able and efficient staff hadbeen recruited; (2) an excellent working collection of books had been formed;(3) all essential equipment had been procured; (4) fluorescent lighting hadbeen installed; (5) rubber-tiled floors were built; (6) the gas furnaceswere silenced; (7) some of the exits had been closed or restricted;(8) woodwork was painted, and large framed color reproduCtions were hungon walls to add to the attractiveness of the room. For so brief a period,these accomplishments were little short of remarkable.

The Galesburg library, second of the new branches, opened inOctober and library service began immediately, even though the bookcollection at the outset was minute in size. The library occupies twobuilding units of the former Army hospital taken over by the University.Problems of conversion were considerably less complex than at Navy Pier,and transformation to a modern, well-lighted college library was quick.The library is divided into two large rooms, one for circulation andreserve books, the other for reference and periodicals, with a totalseating capacity of 300. Supplementing the library's meager resources,the Knox College Library, Galesburg Public Library, the University Libraryat Urbana, and the Illinois State Library loaned books freely and generously.At the end of the year, the library contained 4,889 volumes.

Acquisition and cataloging activities for both Navy Pier andGalesburg were carried on by the appropriate departments at Urbana for thefirst several months, but gradually all such technical operations weretransferred, in order to expedite getting books on the shelves. Now,except for general supervision from Urbana, the two libraries function asindependent divisions of the general University library system.

The future of the Navy Pier and Galesburg libraries hinges, ofcourse, upon the manner in which the branches they serve develop. If thesebranches remain on a junior college level, relatively small libraries willmeet their needs. On the other hand, if they become four year colleges, andespecially if they add graduate and professional education, far more extensivebook collections and different types of organization will be required.

MEDICAL LIBRARY

Temporary relief for the acute shortage of shelving space in theMedical Library is being provided by the installation of additional bobkstacks, adjacent to the present basement stacks. This expansion,which isscheduled to be completed in the summer of 1947, will contain shelf roomfor about 12,000 volumes. At the Library's present rate of growth (over4,000 volumes annually), the added wing will be filled in three years,again lending emphasis to the need for a more permanent solution such aswould come from the proposed new library - visual education building. Inthe past decade, the Library has increased in size by about 34,000 volumes,now holds 83,036 volumes, placing it seventh among university medicallibraries in the United States.

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The Medical Library has made a special effort to fill in filesof foreign periodicals for the war years. With the exception of Germanjournals, nearly complete sets of most of the foreign titles whichcontinued publication during the war have been received. In addition,about 300 volumes of French, German and Italian medical works have comein through the Library of Congress cooperative project for the acquisitionof wartime publications.

A special fund for the purchase of dermatological literature wasestablished by the will of Dr. William Allen Pusey, for many years a memberof the College of Medicine faculty. The first annual payment, amounting to$1,200, was received in February. The purpose of the fund is to develop acomplete collection of books, periodicals, and visual education aids ondermatology, Undoubtedly the importance of the collection will increasesteadily with the passage of time, as it approaches the goal of completeness.

Gifts from many other sources were also reported by the MedicalLibrarian. Dr. Irene A. Koeneke, widow of Dr. Arthur E. Hertzler, presentedmanuscripts of four books, 34 unpublished addresses, and miscellaneouswritings by Dr. Hertzler. The College of Dentistry Senior Class gave $30for the purchase of current dental books. Large gifts of medical periodicals-were received from Gardiner General Hospital, Chicago, and the Mayo GeneralHospital, Galesburg. Many current periodicals were received regularlythrough the generosity of Dr. Clifford G. Grulee, editor of American Journalof Diseases of Children: Dr. A. C, Ivy, Assistant editor of Gastroenterology;Dr. Disraeli Eobak, editor of Archives of Phsical Medicine; Dr. E. J. Ryan,editor of Dental Digest; and the General Electric Medical Products Company.Dozens of other faculty and staff members also contributed useful booksand periodicals.

Further Medical Library activities included: exchange ofIllinois Monographs in the Medical Sciences with 75 institutions inexchange for their publications; distribution of 1,724 duplicate publicationsand receipt of 3,350 pieces, through the Medical Library Association Exchange;additional subscriptions entered for most-used current periodicals, in orderto have copies available for loans; student instruction in the use of thelibrary by group tours and short talks; much progress in reducing the numberof uncataloged books on hand, and a more complete recording of periodicalholdings; shipment of 32 large boxes of duplicate books and periodicals tothe American Book Center for War Devastated Libraries, for distributionabroad; and arrangement of three exhibitions of library materials.

LIBRARY STAFF

The personnel situation on the library staff showed greaterstability than it had for the past several years. Resignations and newappointments, excluding recently established divisions, were fewer than atany time since the beginning of the war, indications probably that the heavydrain of governmental and military agencies on the available supply ofprofessional librarians had begun to slacken. Only two full-time positionsremained unfilled throughout the year, because of inability to find suitablecandidates. All staff members on military leave either returned duringthe year or resigned to accept positions elsewhere.

In the library profession generally, salaries continued to rise.

Graduating classes in library schools are still considerably smaller than

in prewar years, Consequently, shortages of trained librarians have grown,

in the face of increasing demands, and competition for the available supply

has naturally forced salary levels upward. Libraries with fixed budgets,

unable to make rapid adjustments in salary scales have frequently been

unable to fill vacancies, or have had to accept assistants with inferior

preparation. At Illinois, recent academic salary increases have placed the

Library in a very favorable competitive position in seeking new staff and

in holding present members. Nevertheless, a number of assistants resigned

during the past year to go to other institutions at substantially highersalaries than they were receiving at Illinois - in some instances to otherlibraries in the State. A reasonable amount of such turnover, however, isnormal and healthy, as, for example, junior assistants going from thisLibrary to more responsible positions elsewhere.

In the nonacademic group, resignations and new appointments weresubstantially the same as in the previous year, though the quality ofpersonnel improved, with a larger proportion of college graduates. Becauseof the inadequacies of student help in the last few years, increasingreliance has been placed upon full-time clerical assistants, who haveusually been found more dependable and efficient than part-time studentworkers. The student assistant is still important, however, in most ofthe public service departments, especially the departmental libraries andbook stacks, where long hours of opening have to be covered and whereportions of the schedule can be filled by students working at irregular periods

At one time a total of 217 students were employed by the Libraryand 409 different students were employed at some time in the year. Withouttheir aid it would have been exceedingly difficult to cope with the increasedregistration and heavy circulation of books.

Ohly one member of the professional staff reached retirement agein 1946-47. Willia K. Garver, Assistant University Librarian for Acquisitionsand Associate Professor of Library Science, retired officially at the endof the year, For twenty-seven years, Miss Garver carried heavy responsibilityfor development of the Library's book collections. Her familiarity with theLibrary's resources and needs and knowledge of the interests of facultymembers were invaluable, Always keenly alert to opportunities for acquiringvaluable research materials, Miss Garver is due a large share of credit forthe Library's present eminence and reputation.

TWO MAJOR LIBRARY PROBLEMS

Attention should probably be called in the present report to two

problems of long standing confronting the Library. No solutions have yet

been found for them, and they both tend to become more aggravated with

the passage of time.

Buildiztg SpaceIn the capital improvements budget for the 1945-47 biennium, an

appropriation was made for an addition to the library stacks. Unfortunately,

because of shortages of materials and labor, construction could not be

started before the end of the biennium and the appropriation lapsed. Then,

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as construction costs skyrocketed and the University was unable to securefrom the Legislature reappropriation of all building funds, the libraryaddition was dropped. As a consequence, there is no possibility that thetew stack unit can be obtained before the 1949-51 biennium.

Since the original library structure was opened in 1926 two stackunits have been added, the last completed in January 1940. Each stackdivision provides space for shelving about 500,000 volumes. With threesuch divisions at present there is room for 1,500,000 volumes in the mainlibrary stacks. In departmental libraries and elsewhere outside the stacksare shelved approximately 500,000 volumes. Since the Library's total holdingshow number more than 2,000,000 volumes, it is clear that the general stackshave reached the 1,500,000 volume capacity for which they were designed.Annually, some 60,000 volumes, or one mile of books, are added to thesestacks. A considerable amount of space is also required for current andunbound periodicals, government publications, textbooks, catalogs, andpamphlets, none of which is included in the count of volumes. Also, asdepartmental libraries on the campus become crowded for space, it is theirpractice to return less active materials to the main library for shelving.Another service provided in the stacks is individual study carrels forgraduate students and faculty members. Congestion in the present stackshas reached such a point that constant shifting, a time-consuming andexpensive operation, is required to make room for current acquisitions.This condition will undoubtedly become steadily worse before a new stackunit can be sontructed, and makes it essential that the Library receive ahigh priority in the 1949-51 building budget, if our library resources areto continue their steady expansion,

RegistrationA problem of increasing seriousness is the effect of the

University's present registration procedures on the Library. For a numberof years it has bean the custom at Illinois to use the Library building forstudent registration. As enrollment has grown and other demands on theLibrary have increased, the effects of this practice on the Library havebecome extremely harmful. Three times annually the building is taken overby the registration staff and during these periods, lasting from a week toten days each, the regular functioning of the Library is brought almost toa full stop. Faculty members and students who with to make use of theLibrary at those time find working conditions intolerable, unless they have asecluded carrel or study away from the center of activities. As a practicalmatter this Library, one of the greatest institutions of its kind in theworld, is virtually paralyzed, so far as its primary purpose is concerned,for upward of one month each year. It seems obvious, in view of recentexcessive crowding, that registration has outgrown the Library buildingand other provision for it should be made. There seems little value tostudents, from the standpoint of the Library, in seeing the Library underthe thoroughly abnormal conditions prevailing in the registration period,when floors are littered with debris, unsightly signs are profuselydistributed, and all library activities are suspended or subordinated.

The Senate Library Committee has considered this problem atsome length and joins with the library administration in a strongrecommendation that, if the present plan of registration is continued,space elsehwere on the campus be found for it.

In conclusion, this report would not be complete without someacknowledgment of the sympathetic counsel and practical aid which theLibrary has received on numerous occasions during the past year from you,the Provost, the Comptroller, the Dean of the Graduate School, and manyothers in the University. Much has been accomplished that would havebeen impossible without this unfailing support.

Respectfully submitted,

Director

August 1, 1947.

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TABLE III

DISTRIBUTION

THE VOLUMES AND SEATING CAPACITY IN THEVARIOUS PUBLIC SERVICE DEPARMENTS AS OF JUNE 30, 1947

UrbanaGeneral Library Building

Bibliography RoomBrowsing RoomClassicsCommerce, Sociology, & Social Welfare Adm.Education, Philosophy, & PsychologyEnglishFreshman Reading RoomGeneral Reading Room & Reference RoomGermanic & Romance LanguagesHistory & Political ScienceLibrary School*Map RoomNewspaper RoomNorth Reserve Book RoomRare Book RoomS CollectionSouth Reserve Book Room

Other Libraries on Campus

AgricultureArchitectureCeramicsChemistryEngineeringFloricultureIllinois Historical SurveyJournalismLandscape ArchitectureLawMathematics

+MusicNatural HistoryNatural History SurveyObservatoryPhysicsUnion Browsing RoomUniversity High SchoolCurriculum Library

ChicageMedical SciencesNavy Pier Undergraduate Division

GalesburgGalesburg Undergraduate Division

Volumes SeatingCapacity

4,5002,08733,6258,024

10,2629,0002,25914,5108,10018,1007,1761,44728,8467,500

31,5183,0695,400

30,97020,7902,600

22,88652,6882,0392,4004,4088,253

80,82914,3458,979

64,09614,0602,0004,6001,1966,4922,912

83,0366,193

4,889

151625

1941459311

516507519417

2501123

250

126862073

21014128525

164322693126833489

240800

300

*Exclusive of maps.+Exclusive of music scores.

TABLE IV

RECORDED USE OF THE LIBRARY IN URBANA, CHICAGOAND GALESBURG FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1947

UrbanaGeneral Circulation

General LibraryCirculation DeskBrowsing RoomFreshman Reading RoomNorth Reserve Book RoomDepartmental libraries

in Library buildingDepartmental libraries in

other buildings

Total General Circulation

Reserve BooksGeneral LibraryReference RoomNorth Reserve Book RoomSouth Reserve Book RoomDepartmental libraries

in Library buildingDepartmental libraries in

other buildingsTotal Recorded ReserveBook Use

Total Recorded Use (Urbana)

Other CampusesChicagoMedical SciencesGeneral CirculationReserve

Students Faculty

118,45614,23720,7356,771

36,261

88,648285,108

25,2102,850

701498

6,884

24,49061,653

Use in Libraryle S11, . .0

101,08299,939

205,749

205,421_ .7,, 83-S

Students Faculty

6,219 20,814Room use--25,002

Others

1,6159159217

593

9,48012,712

Overnight use1,182

10,2319,958

30,638

Total

145,28119,00221,5287,286

43,738

122,618

359,453

Total,

111,513109,897

256,387

34,991 240,41287;004-87,000

1, jE

Others Total

(Faculty &)Others )

Over-7, 131night

Total

Undergraduate (Navy Pier)General Circulation

Reserve (Student & faculty)

4,986Room use

606

Overnight

Total

27,03332,133

59,166

5,592

2,806

8,598

TABLE IV (cont' d)

GalesburgGeneral CirculationReserve

Students Facult

4,190 961Room use--3,166

Others Total

194Over--574night

Total

Total other three campuses

Total all campuses

5,3453,740

9,085

76,649

Urbana 1942-43 1945-44 1944-45* 1945-46 1946-47

EXTRAMURAL EXTENSION 2,217 1,851 2,643 1,710 1,927INTE~LIBRARY LOANS

Volumes loaned to institutionsoutside Champaign-Urbana 2,010 1,973 2,086 1,853 2,406

Volumes loaned to individuals,generally in Illinoiscommunities having no library 36 32 40 14 6

2,046 2,005 2, 126 T~ 1867 2, 12Pages photographed for out-of-

town libraries, and sold tothem instead of loaningthe volumes 907 1,538 2,617 2,200 1,897

Volumes borrowed from otherinstitutions for use of ourfaculty and graduate students 578 614 480 554 819

Pages photographed for ourfaculty and studrents andpurchased from other librariesinstead of our borrowing thevolume 80 47 70 0 59

Pages filmed for this Libraryinstead of our borrowingthe volume 561 279 408 152 578

ChicagoMedical Sciences

INTERLIBRARY LOANS

Volumes borrowed from otherinstitutions 333 180 289 232 187

Volumes loaned to institutionsand individuals 522 675 1,006 1,237 893

Pages filmed instead ofborrowing the volume - - 31

Pages photographed insteadof borrowing the volume - - - I -

Navy Pier None

GalesburgVolumes borrowed from other

institutions - - 57

*For 13 months.