Annual Report English 2010 - Ministry of External Affairsthe power of partnership and outsourcing. The Protector General of Emigrants (PGE) administers the Emigration Act, 1983. He

A N N U A L R E P O R T

2009 -10

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS

ANNUAL REPORT2 0 0 9 - 2 0 1 0

“We are immensely proud of the achievements of ourdiaspora. Your achievements have made a greatcontribution in changing the image of India to the worldat large.

In our lifetime we have seen India walk with greater confidence andability. In the lifetime of our children we would want them to see theIndia of our and their dreams - an India that lives up to theexpectations of those who struggled to make it free and those whotoil to take it forward and an India that wishes to live in peace, as itseeks prosperity for all.

As India seeks to realize its destiny in the 21st century, ourengagement with the world draws its spiritual motivations from thevalues of our freedom struggle and our cultural and spiritual heritage.”

- From the Inaugural Address ofPrime Minister

Dr. Manmohan SinghAt the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas,

New Delhi,January 8, 2010

MINISTRY OF OVERSEASINDIAN AFFAIRS

MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS

ANNUAL REPORT

2009-10

CONTENTS

India and Overseas Indians – An overview

The Ministry and its Mandate

Diaspora Services

Migration Management

Protector General of Emigrants

Financial Services

Budget and Financial Review

Management Services

Annexures and Tables

1

3

8

15

32

36

41

42

44


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INDIA AND OVERSEAS INDIANS – AN OVERVIEW

The overseas Indian communityspans the globe with a presence in 189countries across the world. Estimated atover 25 million, India has the world’ssecond largest overseas community,next only to China, but far more diverse.

Like all other major movements ofpeople, the overseas Indian communityis the result of different waves ofmigration over hundreds of years drivenby a variety of reasons – mercantilism,colonialism and globalisation. Its earlyexperiences make up a saga of trials,tribulations and the eventual triumph ofdetermination and hard work.

In pre-modern times, Indian traderscrossed the Indian Ocean to the eastcoast of Africa and overland to Centraland West Asia. Others, over severalcenturies reached parts of South EastAsia. In the 19th century, the abolition ofslavery in the British Empirenecessitated the large scale recruitmentof ‘indentured’ Indian labourers forcolonies in the Atlantic, Pacific and theIndian Oceans and under the ‘KanganiSystem’ to destinations in South EastAsia. In more recent times, followingIndia’s independence, there was in themid 20th century a wave of migration ofIndians in search of new opportunitiesin Europe, North America andAustralasia.

Today, Overseas Indians constitutea significant and successful economic,social and cultural force in the world. Inthe last three decades of the 20th century

the character of migration began tochange and a ‘new Diaspora’ led by highskilled professionals moving to thewestern world and semi-skilled contractworkers moving to the Gulf, West andSouth East Asia emerged. Thismigratory wave is led primarily by the‘New Economy’ comprising Informationand communication technology, Bio-technology, financial services andindeed scientists, technologists andacademia.

The overseas Indian communitythus constitutes a diverse,heterogeneous and eclectic globalcommunity representing differentregions, languages, cultures and faiths.The common thread that binds themtogether is the idea of India and itsintrinsic values. Overseas Indianscomprise People of Indian Origin andNon Resident Indians and today areamongst the best educated andsuccessful communities in the world. Inevery part of the world the overseasIndian community is recognised andrespected for its hard work, discipline,non-interference and for successfullyintegrating with the local community.Overseas Indians have made significantcontributions to the economy of thecountry of residence and have added inconsiderable measure to knowledge andinnovation.

The emergence of significantDiasporas has in recent years broughtinto sharp focus two key facts. First,there is a large expatriate population of


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skilled people from emerging economiesin the developed world. Second,overseas communities can constitute asignificant resource for the developmentof the countries of origin. The movementof the high skilled and low skilled workersfrom less to more developed economiesand back opens several newopportunities for development. To viewthe Diaspora only through the lookingglass of remittances and financial flowsis to take a myopic view. Not allexpatriates need to be investors andtheir development impact measured onlyin terms of financial contributions to thehome country.

An overseas community can anddoes serve as an important ‘bridge’ toaccess knowledge, expertise, resourcesand markets for the development of thecountry of origin. The success of thisbridge is often predicated upon twoconditions: the ability of the Diaspora todevelop and project a coherent,intrinsically motivated and progressiveidentity and the capacity of the homecountry to establish conditions and

institutions for sustainable, symbioticand mutually rewarding engagement.Home countries are now beginning torecognise the need to pursue andpromote the dynamic of the Diasporaand development.

India’s engagement with itsDiaspora is symbiotic, the strands ofboth sides of the relationship equallyimportant to create a resilient and robustbond. To engage with the Diaspora in asustainable and mutually rewardingmanner across the economic, social andcultural space is at the heart of the policyof the Ministry. To create conditions,partnerships and institutions that will bestenable India to connect with its Diasporacomprehensively is central to all ourprogrammes and activities. As a newIndia seeks to become a global playerof significance, the time has come for astrong and sustained engagementbetween India and overseas Indians.The time has also come for overseasIndians to benefit from the excitingopportunities that India provides.


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THE MINISTRY AND ITS MANDATE

I. INTRODUCTIONThe Ministry of Overseas Indian

Affairs (MOIA) is the quintessentialpeople’s agency, a one-stop address forthe overseas Indians. Established inMay, 2004 as the “Ministry of Non-Resident Indians’ Affairs, it was renamedthe ‘Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs’(MOIA) in September, 2004. TheEmigration division of the Ministry ofLabour and Employment was attachedto the new Ministry in December, 2004and now functions as the ProtectorateGeneral of Emigrants. The erstwhile NRIDivision of the MEA now functions as theDiaspora division in the Ministry.

Small and unconventional, theMinistry is headed by a Cabinet Ministerand has three functional servicedivisions: Diaspora Services, FinancialServices and Emigration Services. Asmall team of eighteen officers (US andabove) works in the Ministry in a de-layered and multitask mode leveragingthe power of partnership andoutsourcing.

The Protector General of Emigrants(PGE) administers the Emigration Act,1983. He overseas the eight field officesof the Protectors of Emigrants locatedat Chandigarh, Chennai, Cochin, Delhi,Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai andThiruvananthapuram.

II. POLICY IMPERATIVESThe MOIA is the focal Ministry for

all matters relating to overseas Indians(OI) comprising Persons of Indian Origin(PIO), Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and

Overseas Citizens of Indian (OCI).India’s engagement with its overseascommunity has been mainstreamed withthe establishment of the Ministry. TheVision, Mission and Objectives of theMinistry are:

VISION: Foster sustainable,symbiotic and strategic engagementbetween India and Overseas Indiansacross the economic, social and culturalspace that will best serve India as anemerging global power and meet theexpectations of the overseas Indiancommunity as a significant constituencyacross the world.

MISSION: Establish a robust andvibrant institutional framework tofacilitate and support mutually beneficialnetworks with and among overseasIndians to maximize the developmentimpact for India and to enable overseasIndians to invest in and benefit from theeconomic, social and cultural -opportunities in India.

This will be sought to be achievedbased on three value propositions:

• Through multi-skilled market drivenentities promoted by the Ministry butmanaged at ‘arm’s length’ byknowledge partners from the privatesector.

• Enlisting the states as stake-holderpartners since overseas Indianrelated initiatives need to beanchored in the states.

• Stay small, drive policy changes andfacilitate activity on ground


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OBJECTIVES:• Facilitate sustained interaction of

overseas Indians with India andoffer them a wide variety of servicesin economic, social and culturalmatters.

• Extend institutional support forindividual initiatives and communityaction to harness the knowledge,skills and investible resources ofoverseas Indians to supplement thenational development efforts.

• Strengthen the bond between Indiaand its diaspora by recognizing andcelebrating its success andachievements.

• Transform management ofemigration into a transparent,efficient and humane processthrough appropriate domesticinterventions and internationalcooperation.

III. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTSTo fulfill its mandate, the focus of

the Ministry has been on establishing arobust institutional arrangement topromote sustainable and mutuallybeneficial engagement betweenoverseas Indians and India across theeconomic, social and cultural space.Towards this end the institutionalarrangements established include:

• The Overseas Indian FacilitationCentre (OIFC), ‘a not for profit trust’in partnership with theConfederation of Indian Industry(CII), to serve as a one stop shopfor economic engagement,investment and business.

• The India Development Foundationof Overseas Indians (IDF), ‘a not forprofit trust’ to serve as a crediblesingle window to facilitate Diasporaphilanthropy and lead overseasIndian philanthropic capital intoIndia’s social development effort.

• The Indian Council of Overseas

Employment (ICOE), ‘a not for profitsociety’ to serve as a strategic‘think-tank’ on matters relating tooverseas employment markets forIndians and overseas Indianworkers.

• The Global Indian Network ofKnowledge (Global-INK), a robustelectronic platform that will facilitatetransfer of knowledge with theobjective of leveraging theexpertise, skills and experience ofoverseas Indians.

• The Prime Minister ’s GlobalAdvisory Council of OverseasIndians, to serve as a high levelbody to draw upon the talent of thebest overseas Indian mindswherever they might reside.

• Overseas Indian Centres (OIC) atthe Indian Missions at Washingtonand Abu Dhabi, to begin with, toserve as field formations on mattersrelating to overseas Indians.

IV. PROGRAMMES ANDACTIVITIESBesides dealing with all matters

relating to PIOs and NRIs, the Ministryis engaged in several initiatives withOverseas Indians in promotion of tradeand investment, emigration, education,culture, health and science & technologyamong others. . Given the region andcountry specific ethos and expectationsof the diaspora, MOIA has policies,programmes and schemes that seek tomeet the varied expectations and needsof the diverse Overseas IndianCommunity under the following rubric:

� Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI)Scheme

� Awareness Campaign on the risksof irregular Migration

� Pravasi Bharatiya Divas� Know India Programme� Pravasi Bharatiya Bima Yojana� Pravasi Bharatiya Kendra� Tracing the Roots Scheme


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� Scholarship Programme forDiaspora Children (SPDC)

� Setting up of a PIO University� Overseas Indian Facilitation Centre� Overseas Workers Resources

Centres� India Development Foundation of

Overseas Indians� E-governance in Emigration

Overseas Indian workers constitutean important segment of the Indiandiaspora. International migration istherefore a strategic focus area for theMinistry. Policy interventions as well asbilateral cooperation with destinationcountries constitute important focusareas of work of the Ministry. Besidesconcluding Labour Welfare andProtection Agreements with the Gulfcountries and Malaysia and Denmark forthe benefit of the skilled and semi-skilledworkers, the Ministry has successfullyentered into bilateral social securityagreements with Belgium, France,Germany, Switerzerland, Luxembourgand Netherlands. The Ministry is alsonegotiating and concluding bilateralSociety Security Agreements with othercountries in Europe, North America andthe Asia Pacific for the benefit of Indianprofessionals. Labour MobilityPartnerships to enhance overseasemployment avenues are also beingpursued with the European Union andselect member states of the E.U.

In addition, the Pravasi BharatiyaDivas (PBD) and the Pravasi BharatiyaSamman Awards continue to be theflagship event of the Ministry. The PBDcommemorates the return of MahatmaGandhi, the first great Pravasi, to Indiaon January 9, 1915, to lead an eminentlysuccessful non-violent struggle forIndia’s freedom. This programme alsoseeks to bring the expertise andknowledge of the overseas Indian on acommon platform and integrate it withthe country’s development process.

LOOKING BACK AT 2009-10

The year 2009-10 has been eventfuland productive for the Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs. We have madeprogress on several fronts – economic,social and cultural.

The highlights of the year in briefare –

In April the administrativearrangements for implementation of theSocial Security Agreement (SSA)between India and France were finalizedin Paris. The Indo-French SSA providesfor avoidance of double payment,portability of benefits and totalisation ofcontribution of social security on areciprocal basis to expatriates of bothcountries.

In May, a Counselor (CommunityDevelopment Affairs), MoIA took chargeat Abu Dhabi to look after the interestsof the overseas Indian community in theUAE.

In June, an Memorandum ofUnderstanding (MoU) between India andBahrain was signed for the welfare andthe protection of Indian workers.

In July, the amendments to theEmigrations Rules, 1983 were notified.The amendments, inter-alia, stipulate –i) enhancing the bank guarantee forRecruiting Agents (RA) from Rs.10 Lakhto Rs.20 Lakh, ii) the application fee fromRs.5000/- to Rs.25,000/- and iii) themaximum service charges to becollected by the agents from Rs.10,000to an equivalent of 45 days wagessubject to a maximum of Rs.20,000/-.Besides, educational criteria ofbachelor’s degree or two years diplomaor equivalent have been stipulated forregistration of RA. The RAs as well asthe foreign employers have beenentrusted with additional duties andresponsibilities with an objective toenhance protection of emigrants


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In August, the Cabinet approvedthe proposal for setting up the IndianCommunity Welfare Fund (ICWF) in theIndian Missions in 17 ECR Countries andthe Maldives.

In September, the third mini-PBDcalled “PBD-Europe” was held at theWorld Forum in The Hague on19.9.2009. The event was organized inpartnership with the Municipality of TheHague and with the active support ofIndo-Dutch organization in theNetherlands. The event was attended bymore than 500 overseas Indians andother dignitaries including from the DutchGovernment.

The SSAs with Switzerland andLuxembourg were signed. In addition,the Labour Mobility PartnershipAgreement, the first of its kind with amember State of Europe, was signedwith Denmark.

In October, the SSA withNetherlands was signed.

The agreement on Social Insurancesigned with Germany came into forcewith effect from 1.10.2009.

In November, the 4th AnnualConference of the Heads of Missions ofGCC Countries, Jordan, Libya, Yemen,Malaysia and Maldives was held on 26-27th November, 2009 in New Delhi. TheConference was attended by the Headsof Missions (HOM) from 11 IndianMissions, the representatives of MEAand the Ministry of Labour andEmployment and 8 State Governments.Major recommendations/decisions takenby the Conference included establishing‘Indian Worker Resource Centres(IWRC)’ by the Missions to extend a hostof counseling services and a grievanceredressal mechanism, activating theJoint Working Groups (JWG) under theprovisions of the labour MoU,s signedwith the major labour receivingCountries, implementing a computerizedsystem of universal attestation of

employment documents and initiatingaction against fraudulent intermediariesin the host countries to prevent illegalmigration from India.

The first meeting of the Board ofTrustees of India DevelopmentFoundation of Overseas Indians (IDF)was held on 4th November, 2009.

In December, we hosted the Asia-Europe (ASEM), InternationalConference on Migratory Flows betweenAsia and Europe in Goa, which wasattended by representatives of over 45countries and the European Union.

In January, The 8th edition of thePravasi Bharatiya Divas convention washeld in New Delhi from 7th to 9th January,2010. The Convention was attended byover 1500 delegates from differentcountries. Besides the inaugural andvaledictory sessions, three PlenarySessions, six concurrent sessions andseparate State Sessions wereorganized. On this occasion, PravasiBharatiya Samman Awards wereconferred on 14 overseas Indians.

The two pre-conferences seminarson “Nano-technology” and “Property-related issues of overseas Indians” drewenthusiastic participation of all stake-holders and were widely appreciated.

The first meeting of the PrimeMinister’s Global Advisory Council heldon 7th

January, 2010 was another highlightof this year’s mega-event.

The 13th Know India Programmewas organized in partnership with theStates of Kerala and Rajasthan from 28th

December 2009 to 20th January 2010.40 youths of Indian origin from 16countries participated.

In February, the bilateral SocialSecurity Agreements with Hungary andDenmark were signed in Budapest andNew Delhi respectively.


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The MOIA Team

(2009-10)

S h . K . C .Badhok

Director(EmigrationServices)

Shri Vayalar RaviCabinet Minister

Sh. K. Mohandas(upto November 2009)

Dr. A. Didar Singh(from December 2009)

Secretary

Joint Secretary(Diaspora Services)

Smt.SandhyaShukla

Director(DiasporaServices)

(Financial Services, Emigration policy,Administration and Chief Vigilance Officer)

Dr. RanbirSingh

ProtectorGeneralofEmigrants

Shri. N.Balasubra- manian

DeputySecretary(DiasporaServices)

Director(EmigrationPolicy)

Shri ShivRatan

DeputySecretary(FinancialServices& Budget)

Sh.MithleshKumar

DeputySecretary(AdmnandEmigrationPolicy.)

Sh.K.B.AroraDeputy

Secretary(Vigilance& Co-ordination)

Shri G.GururcharanJoint Secretary

Shri D.N. Srivastava(upto October 2009)


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The Diaspora Services Divisiondeals with all matters relating toOverseas Indians comprising Personsof Indian Origin (PIO) and Non-Resident Indians (NRIs), overseascitizenship matters, Pravasi BharatiyaDivas, Pravasi Bharatiya SammanAwards, admission of NRI/PIOstudents to various educational,technical and cultural institutions inIndia, scholarships to NRI/PIO studentsin India and new initiatives to promoteinteraction of overseas Indians withIndia in Tourism, Media, Youth Affairs,Education, Culture etc.

I. OVERSEAS CITIZENSHIP OFINDIA(OCI)Keeping in view persistent

demands for “dual citizenship” from theIndian Diaspora, particularly from NorthAmerica, West Europe, Australia andNew Zealand, and the Government’sdeep commitment in engaging Personsof Indian Origin with the land of theirancestors in a mutually beneficialrelationship, the Overseas Citizenshipof India (OCI) Scheme was launchedin August 2005 by amending theCitizenship Act, 1955. The Schemeprovides for the registration asOverseas Citizens of India (OCI) of allPersons of Indian Origin (PIOs) whowere citizens of India on or after 26th

January, 1950 or were eligible tobecome citizens of India on 26th

January, 1950 and who are citizens ofother countries, except Pakistan andBangladesh.

2. The Scheme was introduced in thefinancial year 2006-2007 andenvisages issue of OCI documentsconsisting of OCI registrationcertificate and Universal visa stickerto persons of Indian origin. TheScheme has been operational sinceJanuary, 2006 and as on 28th

February, 2010, a total number of5,52,355 Persons of Indian Originhave been registered as OCIs.

3. A registered Overseas Citizen ofIndia is granted multiple entry, multipurpose, life-long visa for visitingIndia, and is exempted fromregistration with ForeignersRegional Registration Office for anylength of stay in India. As mandatedunder the Allocation of Business,the Ministry of Overseas IndianAffairs has issued notificationsgranting registered OCIs furtherbenefits as under:

(i) Parity with Non-ResidentIndians in the matter of inter-country adoption of Indianchildren ;

(ii) Parity with resident Indiannationals in matters of tariffs indomestic air fares ;

(iii) Parity with domestic Indianvisitors in respect of entry feefor visiting national parks andwildlife sanctuaries in India ;

(iv) Parity with non-residentIndians in respect of :(i) entry fees for visiting the

DIASPORA SERVICES


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national monuments, historicalsites and museums in India;(ii) practising the followingprofessions in India, inpursuance of the provisionscontained in the relevant Acts,namely :(a) doctors, dentists, nursesand pharmacists;(b) advocates;(c) architects; and(d) chartered accountants; and

(v) Entitlement to appear for theAll India Pre-Medical Test orsuch other tests to make themeligible for admission inpursuance of the provisionscontained in the relevant Acts.

However, the OCI is not ‘dualcitizenship’. OCI does not confer politicalrights. Detailed instructions andprocedures on the OCI Scheme aregiven in the MHA’s website :www.mha.nic.in.

An on-line OCI miscellaneousservice is now available for re-issuance/issuance of duplicate OCI documents,in case of issuance of new passport,change of personal particulars, viz,nationality, name, change of address/occupation, etc. and loss/damage of OCIregistration certificate/visa.

II. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMMEFOR DIASPORA CHILDREN(SPDC)

A scheme called ‘ScholarshipProgramme for Diaspora Children(SPDC)’ was launched in the academicyear 2006-07. Under the scheme 100scholarships upto US$ 3600/- per monthare offered to PIO and NRI students forUndergraduate courses in Engineering/Technology, Humanities/Liberal Arts,Commerce, Management, Journalism,Hotel Management, Agriculture/AnimalHusbandry etc. The scheme is being

implemented by M/s. EducationalConsultants India Limited (Ed.CIL) IndiaLimited, an autonomous body under theMinistry of Human ResourceDevelopment. The scheme is open toNRIs/PIOs from 40 countries withsubstantial Indian Diaspora population.

A total of 278 candidates haveavailed of the scholarship scheme sinceits inception. Of the 126 candidatesselected for the award of scholarshipduring the year 2009-10 only 72 haveavailed of the scholarship. With the resultof the review of SPDC scheme, it hasbeen decided to do away with the TheCommon Entrance Test (CET) forselecting PIO and NRI students for theaward of scholarship. The revisedprocedure is to be implemented from theacademic year 2010-11. Theapplications from the students who meetthe prescribed eligibility criteria are to beevaluated and shortlisted by a selectioncommittee consisting of officers fromMinistry of HRD, EdCIL (India) Ltd. andMOIA.

III PIO/NRI UNIVERSITYIn keeping with the

recommendations made by the HighLevel Committee on the Indian Diaspora(HLCID) and commitments made at thehighest level, the Ministry is in theprocess of setting up a PIO/NRIUniversity for the benefit of children ofoverseas Indians. The University isexpected to be accorded the status of“Deemed University” de-novo underSection 3 of the UGC Act. The Universitywould be set up by Manipal Academy ofHigher Education Trust (MAHET),Manipal at Bangalore, Karnataka.MAHET has submitted a Detailed ProjectReport (DPR). An Advisory Board hasbeen constituted to evaluate the DPRwith a view to ensure that it conforms tothe academic and infrastructurestandards prescribed by the concerned


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authorities like the UGC, AICTE, andMCI etc. The board held two meetingsand approved, in principle, the DPRsubmitted by the MAHET. As per therecommendations of the Advisory Board,work is underway to draft a Bill forParliament for setting up the universityand four more such universities indifferent cities in India. Around 60proposals for setting up of four moreuniversities have been received inresponse to advertisements publishedby the Ministry in February and June2009 calling of Expressions of Interest(EOIs). These EOIs are being examined.

IV. PRAVASI BHARATIYA DIVAS(PBD)Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD)

convention is the flagship event of theMinistry organized every year in Januarysince 2003, with a view to connect Indiato its vast Indian diaspora and bringingtheir knowledge, expertise and skills ona common platform.

The 8th edition of the PravasiBharatiya Divas convention was held inNew Delhi from 7th to 9th January, 2010.The Convention was organised inpartnership with the Government of NCTof Delhi. The Confederation of Indian

Industry (CII) was the institutionalpartner. It was inaugurated by the PrimeMinister on 08.01.2010 and thevaledictory address was delivered by thePresident on 09.01.2010. The Presidentalso conferred the Pravasi BharatiyaSamman Award on 14 distinguishedPIOs/NRIs. Lord Khalid Hameed CBEDL Hampstead was the Chief Guest.

The two-day convention saw aRECORD PARTICIPATION OF OVER1500 DELEGATES. These included 16Members of the Prime Minister’s GlobalAdvisory Council and 8 PIO Ministers,besides 12 Union Ministers and 5 ChiefMinisters and other Indian and PIOdignitaries.

The flagship event of the Ministrywas widely acclaimed as a grandsuccess both for its organizationalaspects and its substantive content, asalso for the choice of speakers and thetopicality of the themes chosen fordeliberation at its various sessions. Thetwo pre-conference seminars on “Nano-technology” and “Property-related issuesof overseas Indians” drew enthusiasticparticipation of all stake-holders andcame in for appreciation from severalquarters. The first meeting of the PrimeMinister’s Global Advisory Council wasanother highlight of this year’s mega-event.

The Convention had three PlenarySessions - Diaspora: Role andExpectations, Diaspora: Interests andConcerns & Skills Development; sixconcurrent sessions - Returning to 9%Growth: Diaspora Connect , LeveragingKnowledge Networks: Global-Ink,Thousands of Fireflies: DiasporaPhilanthropy, Diaspora Women in Cross-Cultural Environments, Indians and theGulf and Future of PBDs and the RoadAhead as well as separate StateSessions.


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V. HIGHLIGHTS OF PBD 2010• Record participation over 1500

delegates• Attendance by a host of dignitaries

from abroad• Inauguration of an online portal

developed by OIFC by PrimeMinister

• First meeting of Global AdvisoryCouncil of Overseas Indianschaired by PM

• Three Plenary sessions, sixconcurrent sessions besidesseparate State Sessions

• Two pre-conferences seminars on‘Nano-technology’ and ‘Property-related issues of Overseas Indians’.

VI PRAVASI BHARATIYASAMMAN AWARD (PBSA)The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman

Award (PBSA) is conferred on a Non-Resident Indian, Person of Indian originor an organization or institutionestablished and run by the Non-ResidentIndians or Persons of Indian Origin, whohave excelled in one’s field foroutstanding work which has enhancedIndia’s prestige in the country ofresidence and who has made (i)significant contribution towards betterunderstanding abroad of India andsupport to India’s causes and concernsin a tangible way; (ii) significantcontribution for the welfare of diaspora;(iii) notable contribution in philanthropicand charitable work and for social andhumanitarian causes in India andabroad; (iv) significant contribution inbuilding closer links between India andits diaspora in the economic, cultural andscientific fields; and (v) for eminence inhis skills which has enhanced India’sprestige in that country (for non-professional workers). It is conferred bythe President of India as a part of thePravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD)conferences organized annually since2003. PBSA is the highest honour

conferred on overseas Indians. PBSA2010 were conferred on the following :

1. Mr. Mohinder Singh Bhullar2. Mr. Yanktesh Permal Reddy3. Mr. Ryuko Hira4. (Mrs) Dr. Ruby Umesh Pawankar5. Mr. Suresh Kumar Virmani6. Mr. Pravin Jamnadas Gordhan7. Dr. Tholisiah Perumal Naidoo8. Dr. Rajni Kanabar9. Mr. Deepak Mittal10. Dr. Lenny Krishendath Saith11. Dr. Azad Moopen12. Dr. Mani Lal Bhaumik13. Mr. Ashok Kumar Mago14. Mr. Upendra J. Chivukula

VII. PBD- EUROPE

The third in the series called ‘PBD-Europe’ was held at the World Forum inThe Hague on 19.09.009. The event wasorganized in partnership with theMunicipality of The Hague. TheFoundation for Critical Choices for India(FCCI), Netherlands India Association(NIA), Netherlands Chapter of GOPIO,UJALA Association of Surinamesepeople and EEKTA Association ofSurinamese people were theNetherlands-based organizations whichparticipated in the event.


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VIII.SEMINAR ON PROPERTYRELATED ISSUES OF NRIS/PIOSA seminar on Property related

issues of NRIs/PIOs has been organizedon 7th January 2010 as a prelude to thePravasi Bharatiya Diwas 2010. The ideawas to provide a forum to NRIs/PIOs todiscuss their property related issues andto exchange views on the differentaspects of the matter from the eminentspeakers invited to the seminar.

The participants gave presentationson the concerns of overseas Indians onproperty related issues. The legalaspects of the property owning/tenancyin India were also discussed. There wasalso interactive session in the seminarwherein the specific queries were takenby the representatives of central andstate governments, representatives ofreal estate developers and legal expertsin property related issues etc.

IX. ONE-DAY SEMINAR ONINDIAN DIASPORA IN THECARIBBEANA one-day Seminar on Indian

Diaspora in the Caribbean wasorganized at Port of Spain, Trinidad &Tobago on 16 August, 2009 by theMinistry in coordination with the HighCommission of India, Port of Spain. Itwas co-sponsored by the University ofWest Indies, Global Organization ofPersons of Indian Origin (GOPIO),Trinidad Chapter and the NationalCouncil of Indian Culture (NCIC) basedin Trinidad and Tobago.

Besides the inaugural session, theSeminar had discussions on “Languageand Cultural Heritage: Issues &Challenges for the Indian Diaspora” and“Role of customs, rituals, music, danceand cinema in promoting linkages”.Speakers from Trinidad and Tobago,Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica and

Suriname participated in the event whichwas attended by over one hundred andfifty persons.

H.E. Dr. Lenny K. Saith, Minister inthe Office of the Prime Minister ofTrinidad & Tobago was the Chief Guestfor the occasion.

X TRACING THE ROOTSThe Ministry launched a Scheme

called “Tracing the Roots” in October,2008. In this regard, the Ministry signedan MOU with an organization called“Indiroots” to facilitate tracing the rootsof POI’s in India. As per the Scheme,PIOs, who intend to trace the roots oftheir ancestors in India, have to apply ina prescribed form through the IndianMission/Post in the country of theirresidence. Under the Scheme, the rootsof four PIOs (two from Trinidad, WestIndies, one from Durban, South Africa,one from Brunei) have been successfullytraced and the reports have beencommunicated to the concerned PIOthrough Missions/posts. . .

XI KNOW INDIA PROGRAMME(KIP)Know India Programmes of the

Ministry is organized with the objectiveof familiarizing Indian Diaspora youth, inthe age group of 18-26 years, withdevelopments and achievements madeby the country and bringing them closerto the land of their ancestors. TheProgramme provides a unique forum forstudents and young professionals ofIndian origin to visit India, share theirviews, expectations and experiencesand to bond closely with contemporaryIndia. The participants are selectedbased on nominations received fromIndian Missions/Posts abroad. They areprovided with full hospitality and arereimbursed 90% of their economy classair-fare from their respective country toIndia and back.


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The content of the programmebroadly includes the following:

(a) Presentations on the country, theconstitution, political process etc.

(b) Interaction with faculty and studentsat a prestigious U n i v e r s i t y /College/Institute.

(c) Presentation on the industrialdevelopment and visit to someIndustries

(d) Visit to a village to better understandthe typical village life

(e) Exposure to Indian media and FilmIndustry.

(f) Interaction with NGOs andorganizations dealing withwomen affairs.

(g) Visit to places of historicalimportance/Monuments.

(h) Taking part in Cultural programmes(i) Exposure to yoga(j) Call on high dignitaries, which may

include President of India, ChiefElection Commissioner of India,Comptroller and Auditor General ofIndia, and Ministers in-charge ofOverseas Indian Affairs, YouthAffairs and Sports.

During 2009-10, three (3) KnowIndia Programmes were arranged withparticipation from 98 overseas Indianyouth.

(i) 11th KIP in partnership with theStates of Orissa & Punjab from 21st

March 2009 to 12th April 2009. 22participants from 9 countries tookpart in it.

(ii) 12th KIP in partnership with theStates of Karnataka and HimachalPradesh from 24th September to 16th

October 2009 Thirty six youths ofIndian origin from 11 countries tookpart in the programme.

(iii) 13th KIP in partnership with theStates of Kerala and Rajasthanfrom 28th December, 2009 to 20th

January, 2010. 40 participants from

16 countries participated in it. Theparticipants attended the PravasiBharatiya Divas event, 2010 – aplatform that brings togethereminent overseas Indians from allover the world.

The Ministry also hosted 12participants of Know Goa Programme fortheir Delhi and Agra part of theprogramme in December 2009. KnowGoa programme are organized by theGovernment of Goa for NRI/PIO youthswhose forefathers have migrated fromGoa and are presently residingoverseas.

Know India Program Website madeinteractive

The social network on the KnowIndia Program website was launched.The Website is now interactive andnearly 80 past participants of the KnowIndia Programs have already becomemembers on this social network, aninitiative of the Ministry. The Ministry hasconducted thirteen KIPs so far and a totalnumber of 410 overseas Indian youthhave participated in these programs uptonow.

XII PROBLEMS RELATING TOOVERSEAS INDIANMARRIAGESMinistry of Overseas Indian Affairs

(MOIA) has taken various steps toaddress the problems arising out ofmarriages with overseas Indians. Someof them are as under:-

i) DESIGNATION OF ACOORDINATING AGENCY TODEAL WITH THE ISSUE OFPROBLEMATIC NRIMARRIAGESParliamentary Committee on

“Empowerment of Woman “ ( EWC) (14th

Lok Sabha) on the subject” Plight ofIndian woman deserted by NRI


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husbands” had recommended to evolvea well defined /coordinated mechanismto deal with the issue of problematic NRImarriages .

An Inter Ministerial meetingconvened in the Ministry considered therecommendation of EWC and decidedthat National Commission for Women(NCW) be made the coordinatingagency at the national level to receiveand process all the complaints relatedto deserted Indian women by theiroverseas spouses.

In pursuance of above decision,National Commission for Women(NCW), has been designated by thisMinistry as a coordinating agency atNational level to receive and process allthe complaints related to Indian womendeserted by their overseas Indianhusbands. Chief Secretaries of all State/Administrators of all Union Territoriesand Heads of Indian Missions /Postsabroad have been advised of thisdecision and requested to take furtheraction accordingly.

Consequent to that, NCW hasformally launched an NRI Cell to dealwith problems of Indian women desertedby their NRI husbands on 27th August,2009 to render all possible assistanceto victims of NRI marriages, look intocomplaints and also to take suo-motonotice on any issue brought to the noticeof NRI Cell in accordance with section10 (1) (f) of the National Commission forWomen Act, 1990 read with Sub-Section4 of Section 10 and Section 8 of the Act.

ii) SCHEME FOR GIVING LEGAL/FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TOINDIAN WOMEN DESERTEDBY THEIR OVERSEAS INDIANSPOUSESThe Ministry had launched a

Scheme to provide legal and financialassistance through Indian Missionsabroad to Indian women deserted ordivorced by their overseas Indianspouses. After taking the views of theIndian Missions /Posts concerned, theexisting limit of assistance under thescheme has been enhanced from US $1,000 to US $ 1,500 per case to rendermore assistance to deserted women.

iii) ORGANIZATION OF ONE DAYNATIONAL CONVENTION INCOLLABORATION WITH NGOVividh Vikas Samithi , a Delhi based

NGO in collaboration with MOIAconducted one day National Conventionon “Indian Mission to help jilted NRIBrides” in New Delhi on 20th April, 2009.The main objectives of the conventionwere to study the problems of jilted NRIbrides who are abandoned by their NRIhusbands, to identify and analyzeconstrains and barriers of NRI marriages, main reasons of breaking NRImarriages, the role of various NRIorganizations in protecting the rights ofabandoned brides etc. The conventionwas attended by senior bureaucrats fromGovernment of India, Advocates, NGOs,Journalist, women victims of NRImarriages etc.


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I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION:AN OVERVIEWLast year saw a downturn in the

world economy resulting in recessionarypressure or severe slowdown in theeconomy of the major developedcountries. As a result of this millions ofjobs were lost across the world. Migrantworkers were also adversely affected.These workers contribute not only to thedevelopment of the country where theylive and work but also to the economy ofthe country of origin. The remittancessent home by these migrant workershave a profound impact on the livingstandards of people in the developingcountries of Asia, Africa, Latin Americaand the Middle East. Despite thedeceleration of the outflow of workers tothe Gulf – close to 25 percent reductionin emigration -the flow of remittancereceipts from overseas Indian workersincreased by 7.8 percent to US$ 46.9billion during 2008-2009 from US$ 43.5billion during the 2007-08.

In one of the enduring ironies of thepresent times, we live in a world in whichthe free movement of capital, goods, andtechnology is seen as a virtue, but alsoone in which the movement of peopleacross borders is more difficult than everin the past. Ironically, in a rapidlyglobalising world, legal migration is beingrendered increasingly difficult. It is in thisbackdrop that we must see the growingproblem of illegal migration and peoplesmuggling. Quite simply, migration ismore likely in the future to be propelled

by the labour supply gaps of the globalmarket. It is our conviction that labourmobility and matching of demand for andsupply of skills will be substantiallydetermine the pace, the direction and thefuture growth prospects of the globaleconomy. The question is no longerwhether to allow migration, but indeed,how to manage migration effectively toenhance its positive effects ondevelopment and mitigate the negative.Which forms of migration are desirable,and should be facilitated and under whatcircumstances? Which forms areundesirable and need to be prevented?

II. THE POLICY PERSPECTIVEGrowing mobility of labour in a

globalizing economy, emergingpopulation and demographic dynamics,as well as enhanced security concerns,have together underlined the importanceof good migration management totransform it into an efficient, orderly andhumane process. Equally, there is anurgent need to address the problem ofillegal migration. Curbing irregularmigration is an issue of concern not onlyin the developed countries but also inthe developing world. This has social andsecurity ramifications which are now wellbeyond mere law-enforcement and needto be appropriately addressed by thecountries involved.

In this background even as nationsstrive to restore economic order, it is ourconviction that countries of origin anddestination must together strive toachieve a ‘minimum policy

MIGRATION MANAGEMENT


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harmonisation’ on migration. GivenIndia’s long experience in migration, itis our considered view that suchminimum policy harmonization iseminently achievable and can be thebasis for a robust programme ofInternational cooperation in migrationthat will maximize the benefits ofdevelopment for all. Such a programmecan result in well calibrated migratoryflows that will best meet the needs of allcountries concerned.

India is a major country of origin withan estimated 30 million Indiansoverseas, spread across 110 countries.What is less known, however, is thatIndia is today home to an estimated 20million immigrants, many of them,irregular migrants. As a major countryof origin and destination India is animportant player in Internationalmigration. The strategy of the ministryhas been to evolve a coherent, liberaland progressive migration policy.Emphasis has been on introducingreforms and implementing best practicesin migration management covering allstakeholders in the migration process.In doing so the ministry has been led byfour principles:

• Facilitate legal migration by makingthe process simple, transparent andefficient.

• Actively prevent illegal migration byacting in tandem with the statesagainst unscrupulous middlemenand those indulging in peoplesmuggling

• Capacity building amongst all thestakeholders - end to end - in themigration process

• Proactively pursuing andstrengthening bilateral andmultilateral cooperation

To articulate and implement thepolicy reforms an Emigration PolicyDivision was created in the Ministry in

March 2006. It deals with all policymatters relating to emigration of workersfrom India. Its main responsibilitiesinclude formulation of policies forimproving emigration management,legislative reforms, emigration reformsincluding institutional changes, e-Governance, formulation of welfareschemes for emigrants andstrengthening bilateral and multilateralcooperation in International migration.

III. SYSTEMIC REFORMS INEMIGRATIONInternational migration is of

strategic importance to the world as it isto India. As cross border investment andtrade gains momentum, market accessis significantly enhanced acrosscountries and economic integrationwidens in the global economy, the freemovement of natural persons acrossborders will become a natural corollaryand a necessary condition to sustaingrowth. Economic rationale combinedwith demographic pressures willnecessitate calibrated, orderly and wellmanaged migration of skills. The vastreservoir of young, skilled and trainedmanpower that India possesses makesemigration a key opportunity area in themedium to long term. Therefore, theministry is pursuing a proactive policy totransform the emigration process into asimple, transparent and humaneprocess. The focus is on making Indianworkers skilled, trained and competitiveto meet the best standards ofproductivity in the International labourmarket. This is being done throughsystemic interventions at the nationaland sub- national levels in partnershipwith the Chambers of Commerce andIndustry as well as relevant Knowledgepartners from the private sector. Thesenational efforts are also being reinforcedthrough appropriate bilateral andmultilateral initiatives.


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To transform emigration into anorderly economic process and constitutea ‘win-win’ for all stakeholders, theMinistry has taken several initiativesincluding computerization of theemigration clearance system, acomprehensive e-Governance project,modernizing the emigration law andcapacity building amongst stakeholders.Memoranda of Understanding are beingsigned with the host countries forbilateral cooperation in deployment andprotection of workers. Efforts areunderway to diversify the overseasdestination base for Indian workersthrough labour mobility partnerships withcountries with which India shares strongeconomic and trade relations andconstitute focus countries in our strategy.Bilateral social security agreements arealso being pursued with severalcountries to protect the social securityinterests of professionals on a reciprocalbasis and to make companies on bothsides more competitive.

The recruitment experience sincethe enactment of the Emigration Act in1983 has shown severe shortcomings.It is now proposed to revamp therecruitment system to make it moreprofessional and accountable. This willentail setting statutory compliancestandards, service delivery standards,performance audit of recruiters and anannual rating exercise. All thesemeasures are expected to be in place inthe ensuing financial year. To give anempirical basis to policy making and toadvise the Government on overseasemployment matters and to developstrategies and good practices inmigration management throughappropriate research and studies, theMinistry has recently established theIndian Council of OverseasEmployment.

IV. LEGISLATIVE REFORMSThe Ministry has taken a fresh look

at the entire emigration system asenshrined in the Emigration Act, 1983and the Emigration Rules particularlywith reference to the need for redefiningthe scope of regulation, redesigning theemigration process, setting standardsand defining the roles andresponsibilities of key stakeholders in theemigration process with the objective ofmaking emigration an orderly economicprocess. The need has been felt tomodernize the legislative framework thatgoverns emigration of Indians foroverseas employment. It has beenconsidered appropriate that theEmigration Act and the Emigration Rulesneed to be comprehensively overhauledto convert them into effectiveinstruments for facilitating legalmigration, preventing irregular migrationand empowering emigrants.

The modernization of the legislativeframework will seek to reflect theobjective conditions of Internationalmigration as it obtains in the world todayand will seek to address some of the keyquestions that countries of origin anddestination are grappling with. The effortwill be based on the following principles:

1. The law should facilitate overseasemployment of workers.

2. The emigration process should besimple and transparent.

3. The law should lay down the rolesand responsibilities of keystakeholders in emigration

4. The law should set appropriateperformance standards for eachstakeholder.

5. The law should create an alternativeand more effective paradigm forprotection and welfare of emigrants.

6. The law should prescribe adequatepenalties to effectively curb illegalrecruitments, irregular migrationand human smuggling.


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The Ministry has done away with therequirement of “ECR Suspension” toenable ECR passport holders to travelon visit visa without obtaining anyclearance from the POE. This haseliminated a major avenue for rentseeking and harassment in the system.

The Ministry has also liberalized theemigration system by restricting theapplication of the emigration processonly to those possessing educationalqualification below Class-X (ECRpassport) and those going for work toonly 17 countries (ECR countries). Allother 175 countries have been notifiedas ECNR countries.

V. E- GOVERNANCE INEMIGRATIONThe Ministry is implementing a

comprehensive e-governance project onmigration. The ultimate benefit of theproject would be greater convenience,effective protection and better welfare ofthe emigrant. The subsidiary benefitswould include greater levels of efficiency,transparency and accountability in thefunctioning of the offices of the ProtectorGeneral of Emigrants (PGE) and theProtectors of Emigrants (POE), real-timeupdation and quick access to reliableemigrant data, management informationsystem to support decision making,computerized management of recruitingagent system, performance rating ofprotectors of emigrants, recruitingagents & employers, effective monitoringof emigration offences, interlinking ofstakeholders and online validation ofinformation across stakeholders. Theproject is expected to mitigate individualdiscretion, harassment of emigrants andcorruption. It would also provide usefultools and data for policy functions,periodical publications and grievanceredressal.

The project involves full automationof POE offices & PGE office, phased

interlinking with recruiting agents,employers, immigration counters, Indianmissions abroad, insurance companiesand state governments etc andintegration of labour market informationwith policy decisions through appropriateMIS. The project would developintegrated modules on recruiting agentsystem, emigration clearance system,immigration control system, complaintmanagement system, RA rating systemand the contract attestation system.Smart cards would be issued to theemigrants under the project afterexamining all pros and cons to ensurethat the benefits are commensurate withthe cost to the emigrant.

The National Institute of SmartGovernance (NISG) has been appointedas the consultants. The project isexpected to be completed by 2011.

VI. BILATERAL LABOURCOOPERATIONIndia had signed labour agreements

with Jordan and Qatar in 1980s.However, no further progress was madein this direction for many years. TheMinistry, after its creation in 2004, hastherefore made concerted efforts toenter into bilateral Memoranda ofUnderstanding (MoU) with all the majordestination countries to enlist thecommitment of the host governments toensure better protection and welfare ofIndian emigrants. The MoU with the UAEwas signed in December, 2006; withKuwait in April 2007; with Oman inNovember 2008, with Malaysia inJanuary 2009 and with Baharain in June2009.. An Additional Protocol to theexisting Labour Agreement betweenIndia and Qatar was signed on 20th

November, 2007. The following broadprinciples have been built into theseMoUs:

(i) Declaration of mutual intent toenhance employment opportunities


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and for bilateral cooperation inprotection and welfare of workers.

(ii) The host Country to take measuresfor protection and welfare of theworkers in organized sector.

(iii) Statement of the broad procedurethat the foreign employer shallfollow to recruit Indian workers.

(iv). The recruitment and terms ofemployment to be in conformity ofthe laws of both the Countries.

(iv) A Joint Working Group (JWG) to beconstituted to ensureimplementation of the MoU and tomeet regularly to find solutions tobilateral labour problems.

MOUs have been proposed withYemen and Libya too. Efforts areunderway to explore the possibility of asimilar MoU with Saudi Arabia.

Regular meetings of JWG areimportant for resolving bilateral labourissues arising from time to time and alsomonitoring the implementation of theMOU. The JWG serves as a platform todeal with issues such as model contract,minimum wages, documentationrequirements, labour dispute redressal,retention of passports, substitution ofcontracts, dealing with recalcitrantemployers, practical solutions toproblems of exploitation and abuse ofworkers, regulation of intermediaries,sharing of experience in manpowerdeployment, exchange of information onlegislative and administrative measuresand exchange of labour marketinformation etc. One of the successstories of the JWG has been theresolution of the work contract formatproblem with Kuwait. Similarly, a modellabour contract is being finalized by theIndo- Malaysia JWG. The first round ofJWG meetings has been held with allthe countries with which Labour MOUshave been signed. This has beenfollowed by 2nd round of JWG in Kuwait

on 13-14th Jan.,2010 in a very cordialatmosphere.

VII. LABOUR MOBILITYPARTNERSHIPSIndia’s strength in terms of

availability of young and highly skilledworkforce is widely acknowledged. Thisstrength can be leveraged by countriesof destination to meet their labour andskill shortages. Labour mobility is theonly long term solution for sustainingglobal growth rates in the face of factorslike demographic asymmetry andglobalization of economies. A LabourMobility Partnership can lay down aneffective framework for bilateralcooperation for maximizing benefits fromlabour mobility and minimizing its risks.It can also effectively address theconcerns of the countries of destinationsuch as irregular migration andintegration problems. It provides anopportunity to both partners to jointlydevelop and implement good practicesin labour migration.

It is important to positioninternational labour mobility as a win-winfor the countries of origin, the countriesof destination and the migrant workers.It is in this context that the Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs is taking stepsto build labour mobility partnerships withkey countries of destination in theEuropean Union. A labour mobilitypartnership has been signed withDenmark. The Ministry has initiated theprocess for negotiating labour mobilityagreements with Poland, CzechRepublic, Norway, Switzerland andHungary, Sweden and France.

Since India and the EU countrieshave complementary needs, theproposed Labour Mobility Partnershipswill immensely help both sides. It will alsoprovide a model that could be replicatedelsewhere. The social security


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agreements that the Ministry is pursuingwith the EU countries provide excellentsupport to the Labour MobilityPartnerships by protecting the workersagainst dual contribution for socialsecurity and loss of contributions. In fact,the two agreements together would pavethe way for a lasting and mutuallyrewarding relationship between Indiaand the EU Member States in the arenaof international labour migration. SinceIndia is fast emerging as a country ofdestination also on account of its rapideconomic growth and investment fromoverseas, the Labour MobilityPartnership would greatly benefit the EUnationals in the times to come. TheMinistry is also exploring the possibilityof an Indo-EU LMP as well.

VIII.BILATERAL SOCIALSECURITY AGREEMENTSMost countries have an umbrella

social security system mandated by law.It is funded through a mandatory socialsecurity tax collected from all workersand their employers (in a prescribedratio). The system provides multiplebenefits like old age pension, disabilityinsurance, health insurance andunemployment insurance. Typically thecontribution is in the form of a fixed

percentage of income subject to amaximum lumpsum limit. All expatriateworkers are also required to pay socialsecurity tax as per the law of that country.India has similar mandatory socialsecurity coverage for all establishmentsthat employ more than 20 employees(proposed to be reduced to 10employees soon). All employers andemployees in such establishments orany of the establishments notified as oneamongst the list of 187 types ofestablishments under the EmployeesProvident Fund Act 1952 are requiredto mandatorily contribute (in a prescribedratio) towards social security.

Professionals are mostly posted(detached) to destination countries bytheir employers. While they continue tomake social security contribution in thehome country as per the local law, theyare compelled to pay social security taxin the host country too, leading to doublecontribution. Expatriate workers(whether detached or otherwise) oftendo not get any benefit from the socialsecurity contribution paid abroad on theirreturn home on completion of the termof contract because most countries donot allow export of social securitybenefits. Often the host countries havea minimum contribution period undertheir law and so the worker does notqualify to receive social security benefitsif he stays and pays in the host countryfor a lesser period, thereby losing theentire contribution. Anotherdisadvantage is that due to the high rateof social security tax, double taxationerodes the competitive edge ofcompanies on both sides.

Bilateral social security agreements(SSA) can, on a reciprocal basis, protectthe interests of such workers byexempting the posted workers fromsocial security contribution under thehost country legislation for a certain


21

period of time (provided the workercontinues to pay his contribution underthe home country system during theperiod of detachment) and by providingfor portability of pension in case of thosewho have to contribute under the hostcountry legislation. In order to preventloss of contribution on account of theminimum contribution period, the SSAsprovide for totalization of contributionperiods covered under the twolegislations. Such agreements alsomake companies of both contractingStates more competitive sinceexemption from social securitycontribution in respect of theiremployees substantially reduces costs.

Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairshas signed bilateral social securityagreements with Belgium, France,Germany, Switzerland, Luxembourg,Netherlands, Hungary and Denmark.These agreements provide for thefollowing benefits to professionals,skilled workers and corporates onreciprocal basis:

1. Those posted for upto sixty monthswill be exempted from socialsecurity contributions under thehost country law provided theycontinue to make social securitypayments in the home country.

2. Those who contribute under thehost country law will be entitled tothe export of the social securitybenefits should they relocate to thehome country or a third country oncompletion of their contract or onretirement.

3. These benefits will also be availableto workers posted by an employerof the home country to the hostcountry from a third country.

4. Periods of employment in both thecountries will be totalized in orderto determine the eligibility forpension.

5. Corporates in both countries willbecome more competitive sinceavoidance of double payment ofsocial security substantially reducescosts.

Similar agreements have beenfinalized with Norway, Canada and theRepublic of Korea, and are expected tobe signed shortly. Negotiations are inprogress with Bulgaria, Austria, Cyprus,Finland, Greece, Italy and Australia. Tworounds of exploratory talks have beenheld with the USA.

IX. INDIAN COUNCIL OFOVERSEAS EMPLOYMENT

In a rapidly globalizing worldcharacterized by competition amongstthe labour sending countries foroptimizing benefits from internationallabour migration, there is a need to bringa strategic dimension to the process ofemigration of Indians in search ofemployment and to forge partnershipsthat will best serve India as a supplier ofskilled and trained manpower and meetthe expectations of the Overseas IndianWorkers (OIW) as a significantconstituency across the world.

In order to make Indian workersglobally competitive there was an urgentneed for a proactive national body to leadthe following key interventions:

(i) Commission studies on theInternational labour markets andidentify emerging overseasemployment opportunities for theIndian youth.

(ii) Positioning of potential OverseasIndian Workers as “consumers” ofemployment services provided bythe private recruitment industry.

(iii) Projecting India as a supplier ofskilled, trained and qualifiedworkers.

(iv) Adapting training material


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developed by ILO/IOM for specificStates/country and gender.

The Ministry has thereforeestablished the “Indian Council ofOverseas Employment”, as a Societyunder the Societies Registration Act of1860. The Council is a two-tier bodycomprising a Governing Council and anExecutive Directorate. The GoverningCouncil is headed by Secretary, MOIAand comprises experts, stateGovernment nominees and centralgovernment nominees. It provides thebroad policy framework for theprogrammes and activities of the Councilin consonance with its objectives. Theday-to-day management of the Councilis vested in the Executive Directorate.The Executive Director is the ChiefExecutive Officer of the Council.

The Council will perform thefollowing broad functions:

(i) Build and maintain a database onemerging country/sector specificemployment opportunities abroad.

(ii) Identify labour supply gaps inoverseas labour markets and theskill sets required by Indian workersto fill those gaps.

(iii) Initiate programs for skilldevelopment and skill upgradationin consultation with professionalbodies and the private sector andpromote employment opportunitiesabroad.

(iv) Initiate pre-departure orientationprograms for various categories ofworkers.

(v) Coordinate with other employmentpromotion agencies, including thestate manpower developmentcorporations, project manpowersuppliers and foreign employers.

(vi) Initiate and support the study,monitoring and analysis of thetrends and dynamics ofinternational labour market,

problems faced by the emigrantIndian workers in India and abroad,benchmark the best practices ofother labour sending countries andrecommend policy initiatives/strategies.

The Council is functioning at ‘arms-length’ from Government and have theautonomy and flexibility to build strongpublic-private partnerships, engageproactively in capacity building acrossstake-holders and best implement wellcalibrated strategies for better marketaccess for Indian workers to benefit fromoverseas employment opportunities inthe medium to long-term.

The Council has signed MOU withEuropean University Institute regardingresearch on migration of labour betweenEU and India, MOU with HelenicMigration Policy Institute, Athens. IndiaEU Scientific Group on Migration Policyformed. Two meetings had already beenheld in Florence and Bangalore. ICOEhad also launched a scheme of researchInternship Programme with JNU andBangalore University.

X. ASIA-EU PROJECTThe Ministry of Overseas Indian

Affairs (MOIA) and the InternationalOrganization for Migration (IOM) signedan MOU in July 2007 for implementationof the project called “Regional Dialogueand Program on Facilitating Managedand Legal Migration between Asia andthe European Union (EU)”. The projecthas been successfully completed inDecember 2008.

The project was sponsored by theEuropean Union (EU) and was aimed atfacilitating development of legalmigration, enhancing regionalcooperation on legal migrationmanagement, reducing irregularmigration, enhancing placementcapacity amongst recruiting agencies


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and dissemination of information relatingto employment opportunities andprocedures to intending emigrants.Specific activities would be undertakenunder the project to enhance thecapacity of MOIA to assess and respondto the manpower needs in the EU, toenhance cooperation between India andthe EU countries in the field of migrationmanagement and to educate potentialmigrants about the opportunities in theEU, the migration procedures at bothends and the risks involved in deviatingfrom these procedures.

The project has resulted in capacityaugmentation in India for administeringoverseas employment programs tobenefit from the emerging employmentopportunities in the EU countries. Atpresent most skilled and semi-skilledworkers from India migrate to the Gulfcountries and it is important to diversifythe migration process to regions wheremajor employment opportunities arelikely to arise in the years to come. Theproject helped MOIA in terms ofdeveloping key competencies fordesigning and administering plannedoverseas employment programs torespond to the international labourmarket needs, which will immenselybenefit Indian workers in times to come.An important outcome of the project wasthe setting up of the Migrant ResourceCentres (MRCs) at Cochin andHyderabad to serve as a single pointcontact and counseling centre forpotential migrants. The Cochin MRCnow serves as the model for establishingsimilar MRC’s in other parts of thecountry.

XI. WELFARE FUNDSOverseas Indian Workers are

estimated at over 5 million, with a netoutflow of about a million each year,excluding returnees. A significantnumber of them are women. The vast

majority of these workers are temporarymigrants and 90 percent of them workin the Gulf. The framework for theirprotection and welfare needs to beinstitutionalised with emphasis ondelivery of innovative, financiallysustainable social security and supportservices to the vulnerable emigrantworkers and those in distress. OverseasIndian workers face a number of risks.The nature of risks include high costs ofmigration, non/delayed/under paymentof salaries, poor living and workingconditions, physical abuse, fraudulentrecruitment practices, difficulties inresettlement on return, financialinsecurity, and vulnerability againstemergencies.

These risks can best be mitigatedthrough the institutional mechanism ofan ‘Indian Community Welfare Fund’ thatcan, on a sustainable basis, support on-site, off-site and social security servicesfor overseas Indian workers. Suchservices are currently adhoc andsporadic, with the expenditure met onan unfunded ‘pay as you go’ basis withresources mobilized through communitysupport. Overseas workers often facedifficult living and working conditions.Instances of workers exploited by theforeign employer or by unscrupulousintermediaries are often reported.Similarly there are cases of runawayhouse maids in need of assistance byway of shelter, food and medical facilitiestill the time of their repatriation. Apartfrom this the missions sometimes haveto meet expenditure on the repatriationof the mortal remains of deceasedworkers.

In view of this, the Ministry has nowset up the “Indian Community WelfareFund (ICWF)” at the disposal of theIndian missions in all the ECR countriesto meet contingency expenditureincurred by the Indian Missions for


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carrying out the activities related towelfare of Overseas Indian Citizens’.Under this scheme the Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs will providefunding support to the Indian Missionsin all the 17 Emigration ClearanceRequired (ECR) Countries for thewelfare of the workers in distress in thehost countries.

The ICWF will provide the followingservices to emigrants on a means testedbasis:

(i) Boarding and lodging for distressedoverseas Indians in Household/domestic sectors and unskilledworkers;

(ii) Expenditure on incidental to andAirlifting of mortal remains to Indiaor local cremation/burial of thedeceased overseas Indian in suchcases where a sponsor is unableor unwilling to do so as per thecontract and the family is unable tomeet the cost;

(iii) Extending emergency medical careto the overseas Indians in need;

(iv) Providing air passage to strandedoverseas Indians in need;

(v) Providing initial legal assistance tothe overseas Indians in deservingcases.

XII. I N F O R M A T I O NDISSEMINATION ON LEGALMIGRATIONOne of the problems faced by the

intending emigrants is difficulty inaccessing authentic and timelyinformation relating to overseasemployment, recruiting agencies andemigration procedures etc. Nonavailability of such information makesthe emigrants dependent onintermediaries and vulnerable forexploitation. The ignorance of theintending emigrants is exploited byunscrupulous intermediaries.

To overcome this difficulty theMinistry of Overseas Indian Affairslaunched an Overseas Workers’Resource Centre (OWRC) to provideinformation and assistance to intendingemigrants and the family members ofoverseas workers relating to all aspectsof overseas employment. The OWRCwas inaugurated by the Prime Ministerof India during the 6th Pravasi BharatiyaDivas in New Delhi in January 2008. TheOWRC is operating with a 24/7 toll freehelpline (1800 11 3090) to provide needbased information to emigrants and theirfamilies. The workers can also accessthe helpline from anywhere in the worldat 91-11-40503090. With a view toextend the services to support the Indianemigrants an international toll free line(8 000 911 913) has been establishedwhich is currently available for calls fromUAE only. The complaints or grievancesreceived on the toll free helpline arepromptly attended to and feed backprovided to the complainant. Thehelpline numbers are disseminated asa part of the multimedia awarenesscampaign organised by the Ministry.

The Ministry has also set up aMigrant Resource Centre (MRC) atKochi in Kerala and Hyderabad inAndhra Pradesh. The MRC performsfunctions similar to that of OWRC. TheMinistry intends to replicate the MRCmodel in other states as well. TheMinistry regularly carries out multi-mediaawareness campaigns for educating theemigrants about emigration procedures,the pitfalls of illegal emigration and theprecautions to be taken duringrecruitment and overseas employment.

The OWRC centre also trained thepersonnels from different MRC’s to makethem understand and learn thefunctioning of the Call Flow Systemwhich helped the emigrants to utilizeknowledge in the best possible manner.


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The OWRC team also participatedin a conference held by the InternationalOrganisation of Migration (IOM), with aview to focus on building up arelationship between the MRCs andOWRC with an aim to provide efficientservices to the emigrants.

During the year 2009 a total of 6513calls were answered. The average CallCompletion Ratio was 95%. Thecomplaints mainly accounted for thoseagainst the recruiting agents for notgiving promised Job & impoundingpassport & Visa. The enquiries mainlycentered around authenticity of therecruiting agent, foreign employer,procedure to go abroad, authenticity ofVISA, passport etc.

XIII.PARTNERING WITH THEJAWAHARLAL NEHRUUNIVERSITY (JNU)The Ministry signed an Agreement

with the Jawaharlal Nehru University(JNU) on 22nd May, 2008 for setting up aResearch Programme on InternationalMigration at the Zakir Husain Centre forEducational Studies (ZHCES), School ofSocial Sciences. The objective of theResearch Programme is to undertakefocused research over a period of 5years on various aspects of InternationalMigration from India, and to preparepolicy / strategy briefs for the Ministryand to conduct Seminars /Conferenceson different diaspora subjects. The majorgoals of the Research Programme willbe three fold:

• To focus on the complex linksbetween economic, social, political,cultural and educational aspects ofglobalization and migration.

• To develop collaborative researchwith other International bodies onmajor migration themes.

• To develop a Chair for focusedresearch on various aspects ofInternational Migration.

XIV.CONSULTATION MEETINGWITH STATE GOVERNMENTSAn important initiative of the Ministry

was organizing a two-day ConsultationMeeting with the State Governments atNew Delhi on 8th - 9th Sept., 2009 todiscuss issues various relating tooverseas Indians. Besidesrepresentatives of 15 StateGovernments, the meeting was attendedby the representatives of Ministries ofExternal Affairs, Labour and HomeAffairs. The major recommendations thatwere made include:

(i) All the States should establish aneffective grievance redressalmechanism to deal with grievances/ complaints of Overseas IndianWorkers / Non Resident Indians onall matters including propertydisputes, etc. This effort mustinclude designating a dedicatedfocal point (Civil) to take primaryresponsibility for complaint handlingand grievance redressal in a time-bound manner. The focal point mustbe at least of the rank of PrincipalSecretary.

(ii) For effective State intervention inupgrading the skills of our potentialmigrant workers, it is essential toestablish an empowered multi-disciplinary Core Group to serve asa focal point for developing andoverseeing the training, testing andcertification needs on both Pre-departure orientation as well asskills for jobs abroad. Another focusarea should be to develop trainingmodules for women workers.

(iii) The State should also set upMigrant Resource Centers (MRC)with dedicated Help lines todisseminate information, facilitatelegal migration and for registeringall complaints of overseas Indiansfor expeditious resolution. TheStates will chalk out plans for


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establishing MRCs and furnishdetails thereof to the MOIA, who inturn, shall ensure all possible help.

(iv) Each State to have at least onepublic sector Recruitment Agencyand the States may avail of theexpertise and information asavailable with the ICOE.

(v) States should dedicate at least onepage on their Websites for theDiaspora issues.

(vi) States who have seats in TechnicalInstitutions and Institutes of HigherStudies, reserved for the NRIs andIndian Workers, should inform theMOIA the details thereof.

(vii) State Governments to inform theMOIA, in case any specific schemesare being undertaken by them inregard to PIOs.

(vii) States may partner with OIFC bybecoming its members and availingof the services and expertise of it.

(viii) States may join Global INK of theOIFC which shall be think tankworking on need based specificprojects.

(ix) OIFC website can provide links tothe sites of the State Governmentsin regard to investment avenuesavailable in their states for which theState Governments to furnishdetails thereof.

(x) There was consensus that the StateGovernments would establishrequisite institutional arrangementsfor implementing therecommendations of theConsultation Meeting and informthe Action Taken to the Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs.

(xi) To set up an Inter-Ministerial CoreGroup to deal with the illegalmigration from India under theChairmanship of Secretary, MOIA.The Group has since been set upwith representatives of Ministries of

Home Affairs, External Affairs,Labour & Employment, Women andChild Development, IntelligenceBureau, Bureau of Immigration andrepresentatives of seven majorlabour sending States, Kerala, TamilNadu, Karnataka, Punjab, UttarPradesh and Rajasthan. The firstMeeting of the Core Group held on17th November, 2009 suggested anAction Plan for implementation bythe State Governments. The ActionPlan envisages the following:

• Identification of the High Risk areas• Carry out targeted information

campaigns making people awareabout the risks of irregular migration

• Developing institutional mechanismwith in the States for coordinationand concerted efforts including aSingle Point of Contact forcoordinating with Centre as well asline agencies with in the State onissues related to irregular Migration

• Creation of a robust informationgathering and investigativemechanism with the District levelnodal officers nominated forcombating irregular Migration

• Capacity Building of police officialsin dealing with the cases of irregularmigration /Trafficking in person atthe district / sub-district level andimparting of periodical training

• Creation of scientific data base onemigration / migration at the Statelevel and Migration profiling

• Strict enforcement of Law againstthe unscrupulous Recruitmentagents / Travel agents / sub-agents.

A broad template for facilitating theAction Plan by the State Governmentshas been drawn up and circulated by theMinistry to all major labour sendingStates for further follow up Action.


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XV. ANNUAL CONFERENCE OFTHE HEADS OF MISSIONSThe fourth Annual Conference of

the Heads of Indian Missions in the sixGCC Countries, Jordan, Libya, Yemen,Malaysia and the Maldives was held on26th -27th November, 2009, at New Delhi.The Conference was attended by HOMsfrom eleven Missions, representatives ofthe Ministries of External Affairs, Labour& Employment and from seven StateGovernments. The Conferencedeliberated on a range of issuespertaining to the overseas Indians,especially, those who are in the Gulf. Theimportant recommendations of theConference include following:

• Operationalize the Indian WorkersResource Centre (IWRC) by 1st April2010. The Kuwait model isrecommended, but HOMs maycustomize to their specificconditions.

• Operationalize the IndianCommunity Welfare Centre (ICWF)immediately as per the approvedscheme. The collection ofsurcharge will not exceed the limitsprescribed under the scheme.

• Implement the computerizedsystem of universal attestation ofemployment documents as per themodule developed by theAmbassador of India, UAE as a partof the E-Governance project.

• Develop intelligence and shareinformation with the PGE and theChief Secretaries of the concernedstates about the criminal activitiesof the Indian intermediariesoperating from the host countries.The Chief Secretaries will ensureregistration of criminal cases underthe Indian Law and the PGE willfollow up action and have thepassports of these criminalsimpounded through the CPVDivision of MEA.

• Activate the Joint Working Groupsunder Labour MOUs immediatelyand ensure their meetings by endof April 2010 as per the scheduleagreed during the conference. Theissues relating to model contracts,joint grievance redressalmechanism and rationalization ofvisa structure will be taken up inthese meetings apart from the othercountry specific issues.

• Pursue with the Governments ofLibya, Yemen and Maldives forcommencing the negotiations onthe proposed Labour MOUs so thatthe MOUs are signed during 2010-11.

• HOM in Saudi Arabia will pursue thematter with the Saudi Governmentto organize during the first half of2010 a bilateral meeting on labourissues between the authoritiesconcerned on both sides.

• Finalize country manuals byincorporating necessary changes inthe manual developed by the CDS,Thiruvananthapuram. HOMs willdevelop suitable manuals in caseof countries for which CDS has notdeveloped the manuals.

• HOMs will take steps to encouragedirect interactions by the large andwell established Foreign Employersto facilitate recruitment of workerson a direct mode through theGovernment agencies in the Stateslike Kerala, Tamil Nadu, AndhraPradesh, Karnataka, Haryana,Rajasthan, Punjab etc. Towards thisend, the HOMs will facilitate directinteraction with the ForeignEmployers on one side and thePGE and the State Governmentrecruiting agencies on the otherside.

• A Transit Shelter will be establishedat Mumbai by Ministry of OverseasIndian Affairs before the end of thecurrent financial year for providing


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temporary lodging and boardingfacility to repatriate and returneeemigrants arriving at odd hours.

• A closed User Group online systemlinking the HOMs, PGE and theSecretaries concerned or the NodalOfficers of the States will beestablished by MOIA to respond onreal time basis to emergencies,apart from effective complaintmanagement, expeditiousgrievance redressal and timelyinformation exchange.

XVI.SKILL UP-GRADATION ANDP R E - D E P A R T U R EORIENTATION PROGRAMME.The economies of the world are

getting increasingly integrated in this eraof globalization. This is rapidly changingthe way in which business is conducted.Production chains are being globalized.Free trade agreements are being signed.Cross border trade and investments arerapidly expending. All these factors haveled to increased mobility of naturalpersons across borders. However, thisenhanced mobility of workers pre-supposes appropriate skills. Thematching of the demand for and thesupply of skill sets that are bench markedagainst international standards has,therefore, increased. It is important thatthe countries of origin create thenecessary policy and managementframework for development of skills thatbest meet the demands of theinternational labour market.

India is known as a source of skilledmanpower all over the world. The Indiandiaspora is essentially a ‘knowledge’diaspora. India has a large and youngpopulation. It also has a vast and robustinfrastructure for technical andvocational education. These factors puttogether create a huge potential fordemographic dividend. However, thispotential can only be actualized if there

is focus on upgrading the skill of thoseintending to avail employmentopportunities in the international labourmarket.

The Ministry of Overseas IndianAffairs has launched a national skillupgradation and pre-departureorientation programme. The Schemeessentially provides financial assistanceto implementing agencies. The Schemeis being implemented through StateGovernments, Ministry of Micro, Smalland Medium Enterprises, IndustryAssociations (CII and ASSOCHAM) andnon government institutions. Recently anMOU has been signed with CII toimplement a pilot project on skillupgradation in the healthcare, hospitalityand construction sectors. The pilotproject would comprise benchmarking ofskill standards in the identified sectorsat par with the international standards,standardized curriculum, accreditation oftraining providers, independent skillassessment, standardized certificationetc.

The Ministry has set up a CoreGroup for the critical review of thescheme with a view to develop anappropriate framework for encouragingdevelopment of skills for intendingemigrants at par with internationalstandards through the market in asustainable and commercially viablemode based on standardization,accreditation and skill recognition. TheCII Pilot Project will provide theappropriate learning for developing theframework.

The Ministry will also involve theICOE and IOM in conducting studies andmarket research to support the skill up-gradation initiative.

XVII. INDO-UAE PILOT PROJECTTwenty Asian Governments had

met in Abu Dhabi on January 21 and 22,


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2008 to participate in a “MinisterialConsultation on Overseas Employmentand Contractual Labour for Countries ofOrigin and Destination in Asia”. TheMeeting culminated in the unanimousadoption of the Abu Dhabi Declarationwhich called for a collaborative approachto better manage temporary labourmobility and maximize its benefits for theforeign workers and development of bothCountries of origin and destination. Thesuccess of the temporary contractualemployment cycle requires theestablishment of a holistic approach that:

• Protects workers from all forms ofexploitation;

• Guarantees fair and safe workingconditions and the ability of workersto seek redressal of their legitimategrievances;

• Prepares workers for their return totheir home Country after they fulfillthe terms of their contract;

• Helps workers reintegratesuccessfully in their homecommunities.

To attain these goals, the Abu DhabiDeclaration called for the launching of aseries of partnerships for developmentwith the aim of increasing the benefitsof temporary contractual labour toworkers, employers, economics andsocieties of the labour origin and labourdestination Countries. Subsequently, theGovernments of India, Philippines, andUnited Arab Emirates have launched aPilot Project on Temporary LabourMobility Partnership to test and identifythe best practices in the administrationof contractual employment cycle. Thepartners envisage that the lessonslearned from the Pilot Project would formthe basis for the development of a draftcomprehensive regional multilateralframework for the larger group of AsianCountries of origin and destination thatparticipated in the Abu Dhabi

Declaration. The three Governments, inconsultation with International LabourOrganization (ILO), the Arab LabourOrganization (ALO), and theInternational Organization for Migration(IOM) have formed a SteeringCommittee to assist in the formulationof a draft comprehensive regionalframework based on lessons learnedfrom the Pilot Project.

The specific objective of the Pilotproject is to introduce in four Phasespolicies and procedures that wouldimprove the following:

Phase I Ensuring fair and efficientrecruitment and pre-deployment of temporarycontractual workers;

Phase II Treating workers withdignity during theiremployment andresidency in the labourdestination Countries;

Phase III Preparation of temporarycontractual workers fortheir return to theirCountry of origin;

Phase IV Successful reintegrationof temporary contractualworkers in theirrespective homecommunities.

The Pilot Project focuses on threespecific sectors, viz., Construction,Health care and Hospitality. The ProjectManagement Team based in the UnitedArab Emirates oversees theimplementation of the Pilot Project inIndia which is under the charge of aCountry Coordinator. The ProjectManagement Team will identify workersin Construction, Health Care andHospitality Sectors and oversee theirrecruitment and employment in the fourphases.


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XVIII 8th ASEM CONFERENCE OFDIRECTOR GENERALS OFIMMIGRATION OF ASIA-EUSTATES.The Ministry organized 8th

Conference of the Director General ofthe Asia_European Union States 1st and2nd Dec. 2009 in Goa. It was attendedby the 45 states including therepresentatives of the European Unionand the IOM. There were two sessionsfollowed bu separate group discussionsof the ASIA and European Unioncountries separately; The followingdecisions were taken:

• It focused on curbing illegalmigration.

• There should be mutual Co-operation in filling the supply andDemand Gaps.

XIX SIGNING OF THE MOU WITHBAHRAINBahrain is an important destination

Country for Indian workers. There arean estimated 3.5 lakh expatriate Indiansin Bahrain, out of a total population of5.10 lakhs expatriates in the Country. 70

percent of the migrant Indian workersare blue collar workers while 20 percentare white collar and 10 percent areprofessionals. Most of the Indian workerswork in industries, construction andhousehold sectors. During 2008, about31,924 workers emigrated to Bahrain onECR passports after obtainingemigration clearance from the Protectorsof Emigrants.

2. With a view to lay down aframework for bilateral co-operationfor the promotion of employmentand for the protection and welfareof our workers, Ministry of OverseasIndian Affairs has entered into aMemorandum of Understanding(MoU) with the Government ofBahrain.

3. The salient features of the MoU onLabour and ManpowerDevelopment between the twoCountries are:

(i) Facilitation of employment ofworkers between the twocountries;

(ii) Broad procedure foremployment of workers;

(iii) Responsibilities of theemployers and workers;

(iv) Bilateral co-operation tofacilitate the mobilization andrecruitment of manpower andexchange of expertise,knowledge and experience injob creation and generation ofemployment opportunity;

(v) Protection and welfare of allcategories of workers underthe labour laws and otherrelevant laws of the hostcountry;

(vi) Authentication of the workcontract between Employer


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and the employee by theMinistry of Labour of theKingdom of Bahrain.

(vii) Constitution of a JointCommittee to implement theMoU in general and to performthe following functions inparticular:(a) to review employment

opportunities andavailability ofcorresponding skills inboth countries;

(b) to co-ordinate betweenthe two States in theimplementation of thisMemorandum of

Understanding and takesuch further action asmay be found necessary;

(c) to interpret the provisionsof the Memorandum ofUnderstanding in case ofany dispute in this regardand to settle thedifficulties that mightarise in theimplementation.

(d) to propose review oramendment of any of theArticles of thisMemorandum ofUnderstanding whenevernecessary.


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I. OPERATIONS:The operational matters relating to

emigration, the provision of emigrationservices to emigrants and theenforcement of Emigration Act, 1983 areunder the Protector General ofEmigrants (PGE). The PGE is thestatutory authority under the EmigrationAct responsible for the welfare andprotection of emigrant workers. He alsooversees the eight field offices of theProtectors of Emigrants, listed inAnnexure D.

The Emigration Act, 1983, whichcame into effect from 30th December,1983 embodies the guidelinesenunciated by the Supreme Court ofIndian in its judgment and order dated20.03.1979 (Kanga Vs. Union of Indian& Others) and provides a regulatoryframework in respect of emigration ofIndian workers for overseas employmentand seeks to safeguard their interestsand ensure their protection and welfare.The Act provides for:

1. Duties of Protectors of Emigrants –Sections 3 and 4.

2. Regulation of Recruiting Agents –Sections 9-14.

3. Direct recruitment by employers –Sections 15-21.

4. Mandatory emigration clearance –Sections 22.

5. Emigration offences and penalties– sections 24-26.

6. Power to exempt certain countriesor employers – Section 41.

Procedural safeguards have beenprovided under the law for protection ofemigrants. The Act regulates recruitmentfor overseas employment and departureof the intending emigrants from India. Itprovides for penalties against offences.

Section 16 of the Emigration Act,1983 provides that recruitment foroverseas employment can be doneeither by a recruiting agent by obtaininga Registration Certificate from theRegistering authority or by an employerdirectly by obtaining a Permit from thecompetent Authority. The ProtectorGeneral of Emigrants (PGE) has beenempowered by the Central Governmentto also function as the RegisteringAuthority to regulate the recruitmentthrough recruiting agents and asCompetent Authority to regulate directrecruitment by employers. The recruitingagents are required to obtain theDemand Letter, Power of Attorney andSpecimen Employment Contract (all inoriginal) from the foreign employers inorder to recruit workers and obtainemigration clearance for their departure.The specimen employment contract laysdown the basic terms and conditions ofemployment including salary,accommodation, medical cover,transport, etc. In case of vulnerablecategories of workers, i.e. unskilledlabour and women emigrants theemployment documents are required tobe attested by the Indian missionconcerned.

PROTECTOR GENERAL OF EMIGRANTS


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Section 22 of the Emigration Act,1983, provides that no citizen of Indiashall emigrate for any work falling undersection 2(1)(o), unless he obtainsemigration clearance from the Protectorof Emigrants. However, thirteencategories of persons have beenexempted from this requirement(Annexure B). Such persons are entitledto the ‘Emigration Check Not Required’passport (also called ECNR passport).Broadly, any person who has passedclass X is entitled to an ECNR passport.An ECNR passport holder does not needany emigration clearance for going to“any” country. Further, even thoseholding ECR passport (bearing ECRstamp) are exempted from emigrationcheck formalities while going to 175countries, which are termed as ECNRcountries (Annexure C). There are only17 ECR countries (including Iraq towhich emigration has been banned) forwhich emigration check is required (onlyby ECR passport holders). Insurance ofthe intending emigrant under the PravasiBharatiya Bima Yojna (PBBY) iscompulsory for emigration clearance.

II. TRENDS IN EMIGRATIONThere are about five million

overseas Indian workers all over theworld. More than 90% of these workersare in the Gulf countries and SoutheastAsia. During 2009 about 6.10 lakhworkers emigrated from India withemigration clearance. Out of this, about1.30 lakh workers went to UAE, about2.81 lakh to Saudi Arabia, about 46,000to Qatar and about 11,000 to Malaysia.Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu andAndhra Pradesh were the leadingsourcing states.

Major outflow of emigrant workersin the last few years from India has beento the Gulf countries where about fourmillion workers are estimated to beemployed. A vast majority of migrants to

the Middle East, including Gulf countries,are semi-skilled and unskilled workersand most of them are temporarymigrants who return to India after expiryof their contractual employment. Therehad been a consistent and steadyincrease in the number of personsemigrating for employment abroad fromthe year 2004 onwards till 2008. Theyear 2009 has however registered adowntrend in the number of emigrantsby about 28% as compared to theprevious year i.e. 2008. The number ofemigration clearances granted by theeight offices of the Protector ofEmigrants was 8.49 lakhs in 2008 andin the year 2009 the figure was 6.10lakhs. KSA is the main destination forIndian workers followed by UAE Outsidethe gulf region, the intake of Indianmanpower by Malaysia has shown asignificant and consistent increase till2005. There is considerable declinenoticed since 2006. Employment forIndian workers in these countries holdsa great potential. The number of workerswho were given emigration clearance forcontractual employment abroad duringthe last five years and data ondistribution of labour outflows is detailedin Tables A, B and C.

III. REMITTANCESThe employment of Indian workers

abroad helps to earn foreign exchangeand thereby adds to the foreignexchange reserves of the country. Theprivate transfer of foreign exchange fromthe year 2001-2002 onwards is given inTable – D. It may be observed that therehas been a steady increase in theremittances from US$ 15.8 billion in2001-2002 to US$ 46.9 billion in 2008-09. It is assessed that a significantproportion of this is contributed by theincreasing number of unskilled andsemi-skilled Indian workers employed inthe Gulf countries and Malaysia.


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IV. REGISTRATION OFRECRUITING AGENTS

The Emigration Act, 1983(Section 10) requires that those whowish to recruit Indian citizens foremployment abroad for categories ofwork specified under Section 2(i)(0) shallregister themselves with the registeringauthority, i.e., the Protector General ofEmigrants (PGE). The fee prescribed(Rule 7) for registration is Rs.25,000/-.Initially, the Registration Certificate (RC)is valid for a period of ten years.

The form for applying forregistration as recruiting agent may beobtained, free of charge, from the Officeof the Protector-General of Emigrantsand may also be downloaded from thewebsite www.moia.gov.in. Theapplicant is required to deposit BankGuarantee of thirteen years’ validity foran amount of rupees twenty lakh.

The registration of RecruitingAgents under the Emigration Act, 1983,commenced from January, 1984, and ason 31-12-2009, there are 2057 recruitingagents. This figure includes nine StateManpower Export Corporationsestablished in the States of UttarPradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala,Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Delhi.Major concentration of Recruiting Agentsis at Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai and Kerala.

V. ENFORCEMENT ANDGRIEVANCE REDRESSALComplaints are received about

exploitation of overseas Indian workers.Such complaints often pertain to non-payment/ delayed payment of wages,unilateral changes in the contract ofworkers, changing the jobs arbitrarily etc.In extreme cases, the workers are notgiven any employment at all and are leftin the lurch in the foreign country. Suchworkers, besides suffering untold misery,

also become a burden on our Missions.In such instances, the Protector Generalof Emigrants (PGE) steps in and asksthe concerned Recruiting Agent (RA) toget the workers repatriated on hisexpense. If the RA fails to do, action istaken to suspend/cancel his registrationand forfeit his Bank Guarantee to payfor the repatriation expenses.

Complaints against RecruitingAgents are enquired into with the helpof POEs and the concerned IndianMissions. Complaints against un-registered agents are referred to theconcerned Police authorities forinvestigation and action under the lawof the land.

All State Governments and UTAdministrations have been advised toinstruct all Police Stations to keep a strictvigil on the activities of unscrupulousagents. Complaints against foreignemployers are taken up with the IndianMissions and if need be the employer isblacklisted.

During 2009 registration certificatesof 19 recruiting agents were cancelled.As on 31.12.2009, 385 foreignemployers were on the blacklist. During2009 we received 114 complaints.Prosecution sanctions were issued in 12cases in 2009 based on police report.

VI. SIMPLIFICATION OFPROCEDURES

• Number of ECR countries havebeen reduced to 18 from earlier 153countries with effect fromDecember, 2006. The number hasfurther reduced to 17 w.e.f12.8.2008.

• Earlier powers for bulk permissionto POEs were very limited. This wasliberalized in May, 2007. Now theDS level POEs in Delhi, Mumbaiand Chennai have been delegatedfull powers without any limit for


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granting permission, the US levelPOEs in Hyderabad andTrivandrum have been delegatedpowers upto 500 workerspermissions and Section Officerlevel POEs in Chandigarh, Kolkataand Cochin entrusted powers upto300 workers.

• Emigration Clearance Books (ECBooks) are issued to the recruitingagents through the Offices of theProtector of Emigrants fromJanuary, 2008.

• Applications for opening of Branchoffice, change/shifting of office,change of Managing Director/Managing Partner, under theEmigration Act are submitted by therecruiting agents to the respectiveoffice of the POE with completedocuments/information fromJanuary, 2008.

• The existing Emigration Rules 1983has been amended through theEmigration (Amendment) Rules,2009 which have come into forcew.e.f. 09.07.2009.

VII. PROTECTION AND WELFAREOF EMIGRANTSOf all the emigrant workers, the

housemaids and other unskilled workers

are most vulnerable category. Therefore,to avoid their exploitation, the Ministryhas taken some of the followingmeasures.

(a) the age restriction of 30 years hasbeen made mandatory in respect ofall women emigrants emigrating onECR passports to ECR countriesirrespective of the nature/categoryof employment;

(b) FE should deposit a security depositof $2500 if he recruits the workerdirectly.

(c) Embassy attestation has beenmade mandatory in respect of allwomen and unskilled categoryworkers in respect of all ECRcountries;

(d) Under the Emigration (Amendment)Rules, the recruiting agents havebeen entrusted with specific dutiesand responsibilities with a view tosafeguard the interest of theemigrant worker. They will also haveto maintain certain basic facilities.

(e) Specific duties of the foreignemployers have been laid downunder the Rules with a view tosafeguard the interests of theemigrants.


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I. INVESTING IN INDIAOverseas Indians worldwide who

are our brand ambassadors produce aneconomic output of about $ 400 billion.The Indian Diaspora of 30 million isestimated to generate an annual incomeequal to about 30 percent of India’sGross Domestic Product. From aneconomic perspective, though, they arefocused on remaining as savers ratherthan becoming investors. It is interesting,though, that so far the overseas Indianshave either put their money inremittances back home or in NREdeposits. It is clear that so far, overseasIndians have been looking at India froma short-term horizon of 3-5 years. Thatis why, while India is the highest recipientof remittances in the world – USD 50billion last year – the share of overseasIndians in Foreign Direct Investment hasbeen far short of its potential. India’sgrowth story so far has been drivenprimarily by the energy and enterpriseof domestic companies. The role of theIndian Diaspora in India’s economicgrowth has been much less than what itis capable of. The overseas Indianperspective on investing in India shouldnow transform to converge with thedominant mode of investing that otherforeigners have adopted. That is toinvest on a longer-term basis and in thenew investment opportunities arising.Conversely, industry and business inIndia must offer new products andprojects to potential overseas Indianinvestors.

The Indian Diaspora spans theglobe and stretches across all oceansand continents. It is so widespread thatthe sun never sets on the IndianDiaspora1. Estimated at over 30 million,India has the world’s second largestdiaspora next to China, characterized asfar more diverse when compared to theChinese counterparts.

Non-Resident Indians (NRI) andPeople of Indian Origin (PIO) havetransferred knowledge and expertise,added to India’s foreign exchangereserves and recently have mediated themassive entrepreneurial energy that hasled to the rise of India’s InformationTechnology (IT) and IT Enabled Services(ITES) sectors.

With remittance flows estimated ataround US $ 46.9 billion and NRIdeposits worth $ 513 million, the IndianDiaspora has always played animportant role in adding India’s nationalincome and wealth, thereby beingactively involved in the country’sdevelopment and strategic decisionmaking. The Government has realizedtheir significance, and is now movingahead in the direction to tap productiveinvestments from the overseas Indiansin order to engage them as long-termpartners in India’s growth process.

The role of the Indian Diaspora inIndia’s economic growth shows promiseand needs to be nurtured. The OverseasIndian Facilitation Centre established bythe Ministry in partnership with the

FINANCIAL SERVICES


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Confederation of Indian Industryprovides the institutional basis for thisengagement. As a not for profit trustpromoted by the government butmanaged by the private sector, theOIFC, combines the best of both theworlds. While government’s presence atarm’s length brings in credibility, theenterprise of the private sector partnerinvests it with the flexibility and nimblefootedness to respond to the needs ofthe overseas Indian investor on a realtime basis.

The focus of the financial servicesdivision is on;

• Facilitating ease of doing businessin India without adding transactioncosts.

• Enabling the overseas Indianinvestor to benefit from theopportunities in India by facilitatingappropriate advisory and handholding services through marketdriven knowledge partners.

• Catalysing sustainable B-to-Bpartnerships between Indian andoverseas Indian businesses.

• Enabling value addition to theinvestible knowledge, skills andexpertise of overseas Indians.

II. OVERSEAS INDIANFACILITATION CENTRE (OIFC)Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs

has set up an Overseas IndianFacilitation Center (OIFC) as a not-for-profit-trust, in partnership withConfederation of Indian Industry (CII).The Center will be a ‘one stop shop’ forserving the interests of the OverseasIndian community and has the mandateto cover two broad areas viz: InvestmentFacilitation and Knowledge Networking.

The objectives of the Centers are:

� Promote Overseas Indianinvestment into India and facilitate

business partnership, by givingauthentic and real time information

� Function as clearinghouse for allinvestment related information. Thiswould be done by processinginformation on a real time basisthrough ICT platform

� Establish and maintain a DiasporaKnowledge Network (DKN) bycreating a database of OverseasIndians, who would act asknowledge Diaspora and whoseknowledge resources could beusing ICT platform

� Assist States in India to projectinvestment opportunities tooverseas Indians in theinfrastructure and social sectors.The objectives of the OIFC will beto bring the Indian States, IndianBusiness and potential OverseasInvestors on the same platform andto facilitate the investors to identifythe investment opportunities

� Provide a host of advisory servicesto PIO and NRIs. These couldinclude matters such as consularquestions, stay in India, investmentand financial issues etc.

During PBD-2010 held at NewDelhi, Prime Minister inaugurated anonline portal developed by OIFC. Theelectronic portal comprise of series ofonline platforms such as an end-to-endinformation portal for updatedinformation on sector and state specificinvestment opportunities andforthcoming events to invite diaspora’sparticipation, a comprehensivenetworking platform for communicationand group formation needs to fostercollaborations, an online businessdirectory of verified Indian and diasporabusinesses, a customized query andsolutions platform and an investmenttool-kit to ease the process of investinginto India. OIFC also organized a marketplace at New Delhi during PBD-2010.


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One to one meetings were held with theprospective investors at the Marketplace. The OIFC can be reached atwww.oifc.in.

III. INDIA DEVELOPMENTFOUNDATION OF OVERSEASINDIANSIndia Development Foundation of

Overseas Indians is a not-for-profit trustregistered by the Ministry of OverseasIndian Affairs, Government of India toprovide a credible window for OverseasIndian Philanthropy in India’s Socialdevelopment. The objective of thefoundation is to facilitate philanthropicactivities by Overseas Indians includingthrough innovative projects andinstruments such as micro credit for ruralentrepreneurs, self help groups foreconomic empowerment of women, bestpractice interventions in primaryeducation and technology interventionsin rural health care delivery.

The foundation is at ‘arms length’from Government and is managed by aneminent Board of Trustees. Themandate of the foundation is to leadOverseas Indians philanthropic capitalinto India’s Social Sector by forgingpartnerships between donors and

credible non-government and non-profitvoluntary organisations working in theSocial Sector in India.

The broad objectives of the Trustwill be to:

1. Lead overseas Indian philanthropyinto India, facilitate partnershipsthrough single window facilitationand by building public privatepartnerships.

2. Establish and maintain a ‘SocialCapital and Philanthropy Network”in India that can provide a list ofcredible institutions, projects andprogrammes.

3. Function as a clearinghouse for allphilanthropy related information.

3. Partner with states in India andencourage credible Indianphilanthropic organizations toproject social developmentopportunities to overseas Indians inthe sectors that best match nationalpriorities including empowerment ofrural women.

3. Promote accountability and ‘goodpractices’ in diaspora philanthropy.

The First meeting of the Board ofTrustees of India DevelopmentFoundation of Overseas Indians washeld on 4th November 2009. The Ministryis in the process of registering the IndiaDevelopment foundation as a non-profitorganization in USA, UK, Canada,Australia, Germany and Gulf to qualifyfor exemption from federal income taxes.The portal for receiving online donationsis also under development.

IV. GLOBAL-INDIAN NETWORKOF KNOWLEDGE (GLOBALINK)The Ministry has developed a

Diaspora knowledge network called -Global Indian Network of Knowledge(Global INK), an electronic platform thatwill connect people of Indian Origin from


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a variety of disciplines, recognized asleaders in their respective fields, not justin their country of residence but globallyas well, with knowledge users at thenational and sub-national levels in India.The network is being developed by M/sTata Consultancy Services (TCS) onbehalf of the Ministry.

The network will serve as a highlevel electronic platform to facilitateknowledge transfer from wherever it maybe based without the overseas experthaving to relocate. The network willserve as a strategic ‘virtual think tank’.The outcome targeted will be thegermination of ideas on development,identification of the key elements inaddressing the challenges todevelopment and articulating andmapping out solutions throughinnovation and technologicalinterventions.

Global-INK will identify specificsectors and fields of activity that willbroadly correspond with thedevelopment priorities set out in theeleventh five-year plan 2007-12. Thefocus of the knowledge transferprogramme will be on social sectordevelopment and innovation (ideas tomarket) thus enabling India’s rural/urbanmiddle class youth to becomeentrepreneurs as opposed to job-seekers.

The Global INK is operational sinceJanuary 1, 2010. The Global INK can bereached at www.globalink.in.

V. PRIME MINISTER’s GLOBALADVISORY COUNCIL OFOVERSEAS INDIANSThe Ministry has constituted the

Prime Minister’s Global Advisory Councilof People of Indian Origin to draw uponthe experience and knowledge ofeminent people of Indian origin in diversefields from across the world. The Council

will be chaired by the Prime Minister andthe renowned people of Indian Originacross the world have been selected asits Members.

The functions of the Council are:

(i) Serve as a platform for the PrimeMinister to draw upon theexperience, knowledge and wisdomof the best Indian minds whereverthey may be based;

(ii) Develop an inclusive agenda fortwo-way engagement betweenIndia and Overseas Indians;

(iii) Consider ways and means foraccessing the skills and knowledgeof the Indian diaspora for meetingIndia’s development goals andfacilitating investments by OverseasIndians into India; and

(iv) Institution and capacity building inIndia to respond to the economic,social and cultural needs of theOverseas Indian community.

The advice of the Council will berecommendatory in nature and serve asa valuable inputs for policy formulationand programme planning.

The first Council meeting on 7th

January, 2010 chaired by Prime Ministerwas attended by eminent Overseas


40

Indians including: Prof. JagdishBhagwati, Shri. Karan F. Bilimoria, ShriSwadesh Chatterjee, Ms. Ela Gandhi,Shri Rajat K. Gupta, Lord KhalidHameed, Dr. Renu Khator, Shri KishoreMahbubani, Shri PNC Menon, Shri L.N.Mittal, Lord Bhiku Chotalal Parekh, Dr.Sam Pitroda, Tan Sri Dato’ Ajit Singh,Mr. Neville Joseph Roach, Prof.Srinivasa SR Varadhan and Mr. YusuffaliM.A.

The Members of the Councilappreciated the initiative of PrimeMinister for setting up the Council, andproviding a platform for overseas Indiancommunity to share their experience andknowledge for the socio-economicdevelopment of India. Members were ofthe unanimous view that India and itsoverseas community can and shouldbuild a strong, strategic and mutuallybeneficial partnership. Members sharedtheir views on various aspects such ascontributing to social and philanthropicwork, education and skill development,collaborating work with the academicand scientific community, developinginstitutions of excellence, facilitatinginvestments into India, and initiatives forfacilitating young overseas Indians torediscover their roots.

VI. A W A R E N E S S - C U M -PUBLICITY CAMPAIGNTHROUGH MEDIAThe Ministry has launched an

Awareness-cum-Publicity Campaign onthe following three issues:

i) Problems faced by emigrantworkers and legal emigrationprocess;

ii) Problems relating to Indianhousemaids overseas; and

iii) Problem relating to NRI marriages

The awareness campaign has beennecessitated by the fact that the outflowof potential Emigrants going Overseasin search of jobs has substantially

increased in the last five years. Thisnumber is expected to increase furtherin the coming years as demand of Indianlabour is increasing. The objectives ofthe Awareness Campaign is to createwider awareness among the GeneralPublic about the Legal ImmigrationProcess, cautions against illegalpractices by fraudulent recruitingAgencies and to provide information tothose who are facing problems.

VII. PRAVASI BHARATIYAKENDRA(PBK)To commemorate the trials and

tribulations, as well as the subsequentevolution and achievements of thediverse Indian Diaspora, the Ministry hasdecided to establish the PravasiBharatiya Kendra at New Delhi at anestimated cost of Rs. 107 Crore.

The Kendra, over a time wouldbecome the focal point for interaction –social, cultural and economic - with andbetween all Overseas Indians. It will alsoserve as a research and documentationcentre and host a permanent exhibition.

The Kendra would inter-alia,including have the following facilities:

i) Library/Research Centreii) Flexible capacity Meeting Roomsiii) Indian Cultural Centreiv) State of the art Auditorium of 500

capacityv) Permanent Exhibition Spacevi) Fully Serviced Guest Roomsvii) Full fledged Business Centreviii) Restaurantix) Adequate basement Car Parkingx) 100% Power Back-up

The National Building ConstructionCorporation (NBCC) has been appointedas Consultant and Project Manager onTurn-key basis from concept tocompletion i.e. planning, designing,construction, furnishing, equipping etc.The Kendra is expected to be completedby the end of 2012.


41

The Outcome Budget of the Ministryfor the year 2009-10 was presented tothe Parliament in June 2009. The BudgetEstimate of the Ministry during 2009-2010 was Rs. 80 crores and the RevisedEstimate was Rs. 60 crores. The detailedBudget allocation and RevisedEstimates have been given in Table –E.The Budget Estimate for the year 2010-11 has been proposed at Rs.81 crores.The expenditure of the Ministry is on theNon-plan side. The Ministry operatesthree major Heads of Expenditure asunder:-

2052 - Secretariat General Services

2061 - External Affairs; and

4059 - Capital Outlay on PublicWorks

BUDGET AND FINANCIAL REVIEW

The focus of the Ministry during thelast year was on three aspects:

(a) to contain Administrativeexpenditure

(b) increase allocations forProgrammes and Schemes toachieve the mandate of the Ministry;and

(c) to maximize the productivity ofScheme expenditure throughpartnerships. The trends in theexpenditure is depicted in figures A,B & C.

The increase in the administrativeexpenditure is on account of payment60% arrears of implementation of 6th Paycommission’s recommendations.


42

The Management Services Divisionprovides support services to the Ministryand deals with matters pertaining tohuman resource management,infrastructure and logistics support;parliamentary matters and coordinationwith various Divisions of the Ministry aswell as other Ministries. The division isalso responsible for implementation ofthe use of Official Language. Besides,this division also exercises vigilanceoversight and handles all Vigilancescases against officials working in theMinistry. The focus of this division is tofacilitate the smooth and effectiveoperations of the Ministry.

I. OVERSEAS INDIAN CENTERSThe Government has sanctioned 3

posts of Counselor-Community Affairs(Development) in the Indian Missions atWashington, Abu Dhabi and KualaLumpur as field organizations of MOIAin those countries. The Counselor atWashington will look after the interestsof the overseas Indian community in theUSA and the one in Abu Dhabi will coverthe UAE and the Counselor at KualaLumpur will look after Malaysia,Singapore and Brunei. The Counselorswill be supported by professionals to beappointed locally to provide assistancein the fields of health, legal and financialmatters. The Counselor at Washingtonhas started functioning. He is assistedby professionals in the field ofCommunity Development and Legal.The counselor at Abu Dhabi has alsostarted functioning. Based on the

experience of these offices, extensionof these services to other countries willbe considered

II. VIGILANCE FRAMEWORKThe Vigilance Wing of the Ministry

is headed by a Chief Vigilance Officer(CVO) of the rank of Joint Secretary whofunctions as the focal point for allvigilance matters in consultation with theCentral Vigilance Commission(CVC)and Investigation Agencies like theCentral Bureau of Investigation(CBI).Complaints on corruption andmalpractices in the functioning of theProtectors of Emigrants Offices and theRecruiting Agents, received from thegeneral public are dealt with in a timebound manner.

The Ministry is implementing theguidelines/instructions issued by theDepartment of Personnel & Training andthe Central Vigilance Commission oncreating greater awareness of vigilanceamong the users. In order to bring aboutawareness about vigilance andtransparency in functioning of offices thathave public inter-face, the VigilanceAwareness Week was celebrated fromNovember 03-07, 2009 starting with apledge taking on November 03.

To have a transparency througheffective use of websites in discharge ofregulatory enforcement, the EmigrationAct and the Rules framed there under,downloadable forms, guidelines forregistration etc. have been uploaded onthe website. The use of Information

MANAGEMENT SERVICES DIVISION


43

technology has been effectively done inthe Ministry.

III. PROGRESSIVE USE OF HINDIOfficial Language Section of the

Ministry has the nodal responsibility foreffective implementation of the OfficialLanguage Act and Rules made thereunder. Efforts were made to increasethe use of Hindi in the Ministry duringthe period under report with the help ofout sourcing. Provisions of Section 3(3)of the Official Language Act, 1963 werecomplied with fully. All papers pertainingto these provisions were issuedbilingually i.e. Hindi & English. Lettersreceived in Hindi were replied to inHindi.

The Ministry organized the “HindiPakhwara” from 14 to 25 September2009. During this period useful materialwas distributed to all the officers/

Cases received during 2009-2010(upto 31.01.2010):

During the financial year 2009-2010(upto 31.01.2010), 134 applications werereceived, 06 applications were carriedover from previous year. Out of this, 08

were transferred to other relevantauthorities, 126 were disposed off and06 are in the process of disposal. Duringthis period, 11 appeals were received outof which 09 were disposed of and 02 arein the process of disposal

employees including the outsourcedstaff to impart basic knowledge onwriting notes and preparing drafts inHindi on routine subjects. Noting &Drafting in Hindi and Essay competitionswere organized. Cash prizes andcertificates were given to the successfulofficers/employees.

IV. RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT(RTI)For information under the RTI Act,

2005 citizens may approach the PublicInformation Officer (RTI) of Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs available from10:00 hrs to 13:00 hrs on any workingday.

The following officers aredesignated as the Public InformationOfficer and Appellate Authority in respectof matters pertaining to Ministry ofOverseas Indian Affairs :

Matter

All matters relatingto the office ofProtector Generalof Emigrants andoffices of Protectorsof Emigrants.

All matters relatingto Ministry ofOverseas IndianAffairs, other thanemigration relatedissues.

Public InformationOfficer

Director(EmigrationServices)

DeputySecretary(Administration)

Appellate Authority

Protector General ofEmigrants

Joint Secretary (FinancialServices) & C. V. O.


44

ANNEXURES & TABLES

ANNEXURE- A Functions of the Ministry

ANNEXURE- B List of Persons / Categories of workers in whose caseemigration check is not required

ANNEXURE- C List of countries for which emigration check is notrequired

ANNEXURE- D Offices of the Protector of Emigrants

ANNEXURE- E List of organizations Empanelled for assisting Indianwomen deserted by overseas husbands

TABLE - A Emigration for employment during the last six years

TABLE - B The Distribution of Annual Labour Outflows from Indiaby Destination

TABLE -C State-wise figures of Workers Granted EmigrationClearance / ECNR Endorsement (2004-2009)

TABLE- D Private Remittances

TABLE – E Detailed Budget Allocation & Expenditure Statement

FIGURE – A Budget estimates and expenditure

FIGURE - B Administrative expenditure vis-a-vis SchemeExpenditure.

FIGURE – C Reduction in Net Budget outflow on PBD.


45

ANNEXURE-A

FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTRY

1. All matters relating to Overseas Indianscomprising Persons of Indian Origin(PIO) and Non-Resident Indians (NRIs)excluding entries specifically allotted toother Departments.

2. Promotion of investment by OverseasIndians in India including innovativeinvestments and policy initiativesconsistent with the overall Governmentpolicies particularly in areas such asexclusive Special Economic Zones(SEZs) for Overseas Indians.

3. To be represented in the ForeignInvestment Promotion Board and theForeign Investment ImplementationAuthority.

4. To interact with the InvestmentCommission and to be consulted by thesaid Commission and to be keptinformed of all matters relating to ForeignDirect Investment (FDI) by OverseasIndians.

5. All emigration under the Emigration Act,1983 (31 of 1983) from India to overseascountries and the return of emigrants.

6. Matters relating to Pravasi BharatiyaDivas, Pravasi Bharatiya SammanAwards and Pravasi Bharatiya Kendra.

7. Matters relating to programmes in Indiafor overseas Indian Volunteers.

8. Setting up and administration of Centresfor Overseas Indians’ Affairs in countrieshaving major concentration of OverseasIndians in consultation and coordinationwith the Ministry of External Affairs.

9. Policy regarding employment assistanceto PIO/NRIs excluding reservations inGovernment service.

10. Collection and dissemination ofinformation concerning admission ofNRI/PIO students to various educational,technical and cultural institutions in Indiawherever discretionary quota for NRI/PIO students exists, in consultation with

the Ministry of Human ResourceDevelopment and the Ministry ofCulture.

11. Scholarship to NRI/PIO students forstudy in India under different schemesin consultation with the Ministry ofExternal Affairs.

12. Development of marketing andcommunication strategies to ensurestrong links between the OverseasIndian community and India.

13. Matters relating to NRI/PIO contributionsto the Government and parentalorganisations in consultation with theDepartment of Economic Affairs.

14. Guidance to and Cooperation with theState Governments and coordinationwith them on matters related to OverseasIndians.

15. To be represented in the Indian Councilof Cultural Relations.

16. Establishment of institutions to impartvocational and technical training to meetthe requirements of skilled manpowerabroad with the concurrence of theMinistry of Labour and Employment.

17. External Publicity relating to OverseasIndians’ affairs in consultation with theMinistry of External Affairs and inconsonance with foreign policyobjectives.

18. New initiatives for interaction byOverseas Indians with India in the fieldssuch as Trade, Culture, Tourism, Media,Youth Affairs, Health, Education, Scienceand Technology in consultation withconcerned Ministries.

19. Exercise of powers conferred by thesection 7B(1) of the Citizenship Act, 1955(57 of 1955).

20. Work relating to totalization agreements,protection and welfare of overseasIndians and exemption from payment ofSocial security.


46

ANNEXURE-B

LIST OF PERSONS/CATEGORIES OF WORKERS IN WHOSE

CASE EMIGRATION CHECK IS NOT REQUIRED

1. All holders of Diplomatic/OfficialPassports.

2. All Gazetted Government servants.

3. All Income-tax payers (includingAgricultural Income-tax payees) in theirindividual capacity.

4. All professional degree holders, such asDoctors holding MBBS degrees o rdegrees in Ayurveda or Homoeopathy;Accredited Journalists;Engineers; Chartered Accountants;Lecturers; Teachers; Scientists;Advocates etc.

5. Spouses and dependent children ofcategory of persons listed from (2) to (4).

6. Persons holding class 10 qualification orhigher Degrees.

7. Seamen who are in possession of CDCor Sea Cadets, Desk Cadets (i) whohave passed final examination of threeyear B. Sc. Nautical SciencesCourses at T.S. Chanakya, Mumbai; and(ii) who have undergone threemonths pre-sea training at any of theGovernment approved Training

Institutes such as T.S. Chanakya, T.S.Rehman, T.S. jawahar, MTI(SCI) andNIPM, Chennai after production ofidentity cards issued by the ShippingMaster, Mumbai/Kolkata/Chennai.

8. Persons holding permanent immigrationvisas, such as the visas of UK,USA and Australia.

9. Persons possessing two years’ diplomafrom any institute recognized by thenational Council for Vocational Training(NCVT) or State Council of VocationalTraining (SCVT) or persons holding threeyears’ diploma / equivalent degree frominstitutions like Polytechnics recognizedby Central/State Governments.

10. Nurses possessing qualificationrecognized under the Indian NursingCouncil Act, 1947.

11. All persons above the age of 50 years.

12. All persons who have been stayingabroad for more than three years (theperiod of three years could be either inone stretch or broken) and spouses.

13. Children below 18 years of age.


47

ANNEXURE-C

LIST OF COUNTRIES FOR WHICH EMIGRATION

CHECK IS NOT REQUIRED

1. Albania2. Algeria3. Andorra4. Angola5. Antigua &

Barduda6. Argentina7. Armenia8. Australia9. Austria10. Azerbaijan11. Bahamas12. Bangladesh13. Barbados14. Belarus15. Belgium16. Belize17. Benin18. Bhutan19. Bolivia20. Bosnia &

Harzegovina21. Botswana22. Brazil23. Brunei24. Bulgaria25. Burkina Faso26. Burundi27. Cambodia28. Cameroon29. Canada30. Cape Verde31. Central

AfricanRepublic

32. Chad33. Chile34. China35. Colombia36. Comoros37. Congo38. Costa Rica39. Cote d’lvoire40. Croatia41. Cuba42. Cyprus43. Czech

Republic44. DPR Korea45. Democratic

Republic ofCongo

46. Denmark47. Djibouti48. Dominica49. Dominican

Republic50. Ecuador51. Egypt52. El Salvador53. Equatorial

Guinea54. Eritrea55. Estonia56. Ethiopia57. Fiji58. Finland59. France60. Gabon61. Gambia62. Georgia63. Germany64. Ghana65. Greece66. Grenada67. Guatemala68. Guinea69. Guinea-Bisau70. Guyana71. Haiti72. Honduras73. Hungary74. Iceland75. Iran76. Ireland77. Israel78. Italy79. Jamaica80. Japan81. Kazakhstan82. Kenya83. Kiribati84. Kyrgystan85. Laos.PDR86. Latvia87. Lesotho88. Liberia89. Liechtenstein90. Lithuania91. Luxemburg

92. Madagascar93. Malawi94. Maldives95. Mali96. Malta97. Marshall

Islands98. Mauritania99. Mauritius100. Mexico101. Micronesia102. Moldova103. Monaco104. Mongolia105. Montenegro106. Morocco107. Mozambique108. Myanmar109. Namibia110. Nauru111. Nepal112. Netherlands113. New Zealand114. Nicaragua115. Niger116. Nigeria117. Norway118. Pakistan119. Palau120. Panama121. Papua New

Guinea122. Paraguay123. Peru124. Philippines125. Poland126. Portugal127. Rep of Korea128. Romania129. Russian

Federation130. Rwanda131. Saint Kitts

and Nevis132. Saint Lucia133. St Vincent

and theGrenadines

134. Samoa135. San Marino

136. Sao Tomeand Principe

137. Senegal138. Serbia139. Seychelles140. Sierra Leone141. Singapore142. Slovakia143. Slovenia144. Solomon

Islands145. Somalia146. South Africa147. Spain148. Sri Lanka149. Suriname150. Swaziland151. Sweden152. Switzerland153. Tajikistan154. The former

Yugoslav Repof Macedonia

155. Timor-Leste156. Tonga158. Trinidad &

Tobago159. Tunisia160. Turkey161. Turkmenistan162. Tuvalu163. Uganda164. Ukraine165. United

Kingdom ofGreat Britainand NorthernIsland

166. UnitedRepublic ofTanzania

167. USA168. Uruguay169. Uzbekistan170. Vanuatu171. Venezuela172. Vietnam173. Zambia174. Zimbabwe175. Vatican


48

ANEXURE-D

OFFICES OF THE PROTECTORS OF EMIGRANTS

1 The Protector of Emigrants,Jaisalmer House, Canteen Block,Mansingh Road, New Delhi-110011Ph. 011-23382472, 23073908Fax: 011-23382472

2 The Protector of Emigrants,Building E, Khira Nagar, SV Road,Santa Cruz(West), Mumbai-400039,Ph. 022-26614393Fax: 022-26614353/26614393

3 The Protector of Emigrants,TNHB, Ashok Nagar,Shopping -Complex (Annexe),Chennai-600083,Ph. 044-24891337Fax: 044-24891337

4 The Protector of Emigrants,Suganthi, 24/846(1), Thycad,THIRUVANANTHA PURAM –695014,Ph. 0471-2324835Fax: 0471-2324835

5 The Office of the Protector ofEmigrants,3rd Floor, Putherickal Building,Market Road, Cochin-682035

6 The Protector of Emigrants,Griha Kalpa Complex, GroundFloor, M.J. RoadOpposite to Gandhi Bhawan,Nampally,HYDERABAD, Ph. 040-24652557,Fax: 040-24652557

7 Office of the Protector ofEmigrants,5th Block, Ground Floor, KendriyaSadan,Sector-9A, CHANDIGARH-160017,Ph. 0172-2741790Fax: 0172-2741790

8 The Protector of Emigrants,Room No. 18, ‘A’-Wing,MSO Building, 3rd Floor DF Block,Salt Lake, KOLKATTA-700084,Ph.033-23343407Fax: 033-23343407


49

ANNEXURE - E

LIST OF INDIAN WOMEN’S ORGANIZATIONS/ INDIAN COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS /

NGOS EMPANELLED WITH THE INDIAN MISSIONS AND POSTS ABROAD TO PROVIDE

LEGAL / FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO INDIAN WOMEN DESERTED BY THEIR

OVERSEAS INDIAN SPOUSES.

1. Embassy of India, ASHA (Asian Women’s Self –helpWashington DC,. Association) , Post Box 2084, Rockville,

MD 20847-20842. Consulate General of (i) MAIRI, 234 , East Gish Road,

India, San Francisco Suite200, San Jose, CA 95112(ii) NARIKA Post Box NO. 14014, Berkeley, CA

94714(iii) SevA Legal Aid37053 Cherry Street #

207 Newark, CA 945603. Consulate General of (i) SAKHI, New York

India, New York, (ii) AWAKE, (Asian Women’s Alliance forKinship and Equality)

(iii) MANAVI, New Jersey(iv) SERVICE AND EDUCATION FOR

WOMEN AGAINST ABUSE (SEVAA)Philadelphia

(v) INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTEOFBUFFALO

(vi) Asian Women’s Safety Net(vii)Sneha Inc; Post Box No. 271650, West

Hartford ,CT-061274. Consulate General of APNA GHAR INC (OUR HOME),

India, Chicago. Chicago5. Consulate General of Daya Inc., 5890 Point West Dr, Houston

India, Houston TX770366. Embassy of India , Qatar Indian Community Benevolent Fund(ICBF) ,

Doha, Qatar7. High Commission of India, The Indian Welfare & Resources

Canberra, Australia Centre (IWRC), the Welfare wing of Federationof Indian Association of Victoria, Melbourne .

8. Consulate General of India, United Indian Association Inc; Post Box 575,Sydney. Strathfied, NSW 2135, Australia

9. High Commission of India, (i) Indian Canada Association1301Ottawa Canada Prestone Drive, Ottawa, ON K1E, 2Z2

(ii) Ottawa Community Immigrant ServicesOrganization , 959 Wellington Street West,Ottawa, ON K1Y 2X5.

(iii) National Association of Canadians of IndianOrigin, 24 Saint-Paul East, Suite201. Montreal ,QC H2Y 1G3.

(iv) AWIC Community & Social Services 3030Don Mills Road, Peanut Plaza ,Norht York, ONM2J 3C1.

10. High Commission of India, Shakti Community Council INC,New Zealand Auckland

Sl.No. Indian Mission Indian Women’s Association / NGOsempanelled with the Indian Missions


50

TABLE – A

EMIGRATION FOR EMPLOYMENT DURING

THE LAST SIX YEARS

Year No. of workers

(in lakhs)

2004 4.75

2005 5.49

2006 6.77

2007 8.09

2008 8.49

2009 6.10


51

TABLE – B

THE DISTRIBUTION OF ANNUAL LABOUR OUTFLOWS FROM

INDIA BY DESTINATION

2004-2009

S.N. Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1 Afghanistan 0 0 0 0 405 395

2 Bahrain 22980 30060 37688 29966 31924 17541

3 Brunei 0 0 0 0 607 2

4 Indonesia 0 0 0 0 33 9

5 Jordan 2576 1851 1485 1254 1377 847

6 Kuwait 52064 39124 47449 48467 35562 42091

7 Lebanon 0 0 0 0 75 250

8 Libya — — — 3223 5040 3991

9 Malaysia 31464 71041 36500 30916 21123 11345

10 Maldives 3233 3423 4671 ECNR ECNR ECNR

11 Mauritius 3544 1965 1795 ECNR ECNR ECNR

12 Oman 33275 40931 67992 95462 89659 74963

13 Qatar 16325 50222 76324 88483 82937 46292

14 S. Arabia 123522 99879 134059 195437 228406 281110

15 Sudan 0 0 0 0 1045 708

16 Syria 0 0 0 0 74 0

17 Thailand 0 0 0 0 15 5

18 U. A. E. 175262 194412 254774 312695 349827 130302

19 Yemen 0 0 0 0 492 421

20 Others 10715 15945 14175 3550 0 0

TOTAL 474960 548853 676912 809453 848601 610272


52

TABLE - C

STATE-WISE FIGURES OF WORKERS GRANTED EMIGRATION

CLEARANCE/ECNR ENDORSEMENT DURING THE YEARS

2004-2009

SN State 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1. A&N Islands 29 5 190 87 89 75

2. AndhraPradesh 72,580 48,498 97,680 105044 97530 69233

3. ArunachalPradesh 73 0 0 25 244 181

4. Assam 2,695 669 1,075 1905 1517 1788

5. Bihar 21,812 9,366 36,493 51805 60642 50227

6. Chandigarh 2,405 807 6,616 9177 1768 966

7. Chhattisgarh 580 0 4735 310 80 51

8. D & Diu 0 0 0 0 27 8

9. Delhi 6,052 6,024 9098 5327 4512 2501

10. DNH/UT 0 0 11 12 17 3

11. Goa 7,053 1,627 4,063 3102 2210 1659

12. Gujarat 22,218 49,923 13,274 20066 15716 9185

13. Haryana 1,267 2,313 193 1852 1779 1052

14. HimachalPradesh 1,506 762 1,180 1119 1345 776

15. Jammu &Kashmir 1,944 486 1,661 3276 3588 4307

16. Jharkhand 919 974 1,427 3651 3561 3545

17. Karnataka 19,237 75,384 24,362 27014 22413 18565

18. Kerala 63,512 1,25,075 1,20,083 150475 180703 119384


53

19. Lakshdeep 0 0 0 0 23 19

20. MadhyaPradesh 8,888 5,312 7047 3616 2321 1897

21. Maharashtra 28,670 29,289 15,356 21496 24786 19128

22. Manipur 29 0 0 1 30 18

23. Meghalaya 0 0 0 7 24 21

24. Mizoram 38 0 0 - 8 2

25. Nagaland 46 0 0 7 10 5

26. Orissa 6,999 1,258 4,114 6696 8919 6551

27. Pondichery 560 222 2 45 397 320

28. Port Blair 0 0 1 2 0

29. Punjab 25,302 24,088 39,311 53942 54469 27291

30. Rajasthan 35,108 21,899 50,236 70896 64601 44744

31. Sikkim 0 0 10 2 18 12

32. Tamil Nadu 1,08,964 1,17,050 1,55,631 150842 128791 78841

33 Tripura 2 1 1 121 592 324

34 Uttar Pradesh 27,428 22,558 66,131 91613 139254 125783

35 Uttarakhand 58 137 93 179 523 623

36 West Bengal 8,986 5,102 14,929 24817 26094 21187

37 Others 0 24 1909 924 0

Total 4,74.960 5,48,853 676912 809453 848601 610272

SN State 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009


54

TABLE - D

PRIVATE REMITTANCES FROM 2001-02 TO 2008-09

Year In US $ billion

2001-2002 15.8

2002-2003 17.2

2003-2004 22.2

2004-2005 21.1

2005-2006 25.0

2006-2007 30.8

2007-2008 43.5

2008-2009 46.9

*Source: RBI MonthlyBulletin-January, 2010


55

TABLE - E

OBJECT HEAD WISE SUMMARY OF NON-PLAN ESTIMATES

VIS-a-VIS EXPENDITURE

( Rs. in Crores)

Revenue Section

2052- Secretariat- General Services(Major Head)

0.090 Secretariat (Minor Head)

34 Ministry of Overseas IndianAffairs

34.01.01 Salaries 4.30 4.93

34.01.02 Wages 0.003 0.003

34.01.03 Overtime Allowance 0.028 0.027

34.01.06 Medical Treatment 0.07 0.13

34.01.11 Domestic Travel Expenses 1.00 0.90

34.01.12 Foreign Travel Expenses 1.49 1.34

34.01.13 Office Expenses 1.70 1.53

34.01.14 Rents, Rates, Taxes 2.05 2.05

34.01.16 Publications 0.18 0.16

34.01.17 Banking Cash Transaction Tax 0 0

34.01.26 Advertising and Publicity 1.45 1.31

34.01.27 Minor Works 0.30 0.30

34.01.28 Professional Services 0.56 0.51

99 Information Technology Office34.99.13 Expenses 2.03 1.40

Total Secretariat 15.16 14.59

Sl. No. Object Head BE 2009-10 RE 2009-10

1 2 3 4


56


1 2 3 4

40 Protector General of Emigrant

40.01.01 Salaries 2.70 2.70

40.01.02 Wages 0.02 0.02

40.01.03 Overtime Allowance 0 0

40.01.06 Medical Treatment 0.08 0.08

40.01.11 Domestic Travel Expenses 0.06 0.054

40.01.12 Foreign Travel Expenses 0 0

40.01.13 Office Expenses 0.30 0.27

40.01.14 Rents, Rates, Taxes 1.01 1.01

40.01.16 Publications 0 0

40.01.26 Advertising and Publicity 0 0

40.01.27 Minor Works 0.01 0.01

40.01.28 Professional Services 0.35 0.96

99 40.99. Information Technology Office13 Expenses 1.00 0.96

Total Protector General ofEmigrant 5.53 5.20

00.800 07 Other Expenditure (Minor Head)07.00.20 Expenditure on Holding Seminars

& Studies Other AdministrativeExpenses Total-OtherExpenditure 0.31 0.28

TOTAL -SECRETARIATGENERAL SERVICES 21.00 20.07

2061 EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (MAJOR HEAD)

0.14 International Conferences /01 Meetings (Minor Head)01.00.20 International Conferences/

Meetings Other AdministrativeExpenses 1.00 0.90

0.106 Entertainment Charges (Minor01 Head) Entertainment of 01.00.20 Dignitaries Other Administrative

Expenses 0.30 0.10

Total - InternationalConferences/Meetings 1.30 1.00


57


1 2 3 4

0.800 Other Expenditure (Minor Head)03 Other Schemes Other03.03.50 Charges 30.70 30.70

15.00 Celebration of Pravasi Bharatiya15.00.50 Divas Other Charges 6.00 6.00

Total-Other Expenditure 36.70 36.70

Total External Affairs (MajorHead) 38.00 37.70

Total-Revenue Section 59.00 57.77

4059 Capital Outlay on Public60 Works: (Major Head)60.051 Other Buildings (Sub Major23 Head) Construction (Minor Head)

Pravasi Bharatiya Kendra 20.00 2.00

23.00.53 Major Works

24 Construction/Purchase of24.00.53 Buildings for PGE/POEs 1.00 0.23

Total Capital Outlay on Public Works 21.00 2.23

Total Capital Section 21.00 2.23

Total-Grant No. 68 80.00 60.00


58


59

Figure-A

ESTIMATES AND EXPENDITURE

(Rs.

inC

rore

s)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

(Prov.)

2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10

BE RE Actuals


60


61

Figure-B

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE*VIA-A-VIS SCHEME EXPENDITURE IN THE YEAR

(^2009-10 - ESTIMATE)

(Rs.

inC

rore

s)

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10

Administrative Cost includesalary, allowances, medicalexpenses, professional charges& office expenses

S c h e m e E x p e n d i t u r e i n c l u d e sExpenditure on Schemes, Capital Exp.,P B D , a d v e r t i s i n g & p u b l i c i t y,Publications. Seminars and Studies andInternational Conferences


62


63

Figure-C

REDUCTION IN NET BUDGET OUTFLOW* ON PBD

(Rs.in

Cro

res)

4.5

4

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

2005

O u t f l o w * = A c t u a l P B DExpenditure less Revenuegenerated

2006 2007 2008 2009


64

Documents

Annual Report English 2010 - Ministry of External Affairsthe power of partnership and outsourcing. The Protector General of Emigrants (PGE) administers the Emigration Act, 1983. He