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Annual Report
Message from the DirectorWelcome to the Washington State University Irrigated
Agriculture Research and Extension Center (IAREC) Annual Report for 2017. IAREC is home to 17 WSU faculty programs, 8 USDA-ARS research scientists, and a Washington State Department of Agriculture professional. We are host to faculty from the WSU Departments of Horticulture, Plant Pathology, Entomology, Crop and Soil Science, and Biological Systems Engineering. IAREC is also home to several “subject matter” centers including the Clean Plant Center Northwest, AgWeatherNet, and the Center for Precision & Automated Agricultural Systems. IAREC hosts scientists from the USDA-ARS Grain Legume Genetics Physiology, Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing, and Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research units. In 2017, WSU hired Regional Tree Fruit Extension Specialist Bernardita Sallato and conducted successful searches for a food safety specialist and cherry breeder. All will be based at WSU IAREC.
IAREC scientists had a productive 2017 with numerous reviewed publications and very strong commodity and federal grant support. IAREC has ongoing collaborations with the University of Washington, University of California, Davis and Riverside; Cornell University; Oregon State University; University of Idaho; Oklahoma State University; The Ohio State University; Heritage University; and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. IAREC faculty also continued their vigorous international collaborations through research travel to Argentina, China, Chile, India, Sri Lanka, France, Indonesia, Australia, Kuwait, Thailand, Nepal, Pakistan, Sweden, Holland, Italy, Brazil, Colombia, Poland, Portugal, New Zealand, Bangladesh, Spain, and Germany.
Our significant contributions to graduate education continued during 2017, hosting students from 12 countries. Four were granted degrees in 2017 (1 MS and 3 PhD).
One of the highlights of 2017 was the awarding of the prestigious Sahlin Award for Outreach and Engagement from WSU to IAREC Entomologist Dr. Doug Walsh.
VISIONWe work together,
using world-class science,
to develop solutions
and inspire communities
to sustain agriculture.
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Douglas B. WalshProfessor of Entomology
IAREC Associate Director
VALUESAchievement & Effectiveness
Diversity • Commitment
Creativity & Innovation
Knowledge • Teamwork
Ethics & Integrity
Balance & Fun
MISSIONWSU IAREC creates
integrated solutions and educates regional and
global communities and future generations to
advance economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable
irrigated agriculture.
Gary G. GroveProfessor of Plant Pathology
IAREC Director
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ECAWN AgWeatherNet (AWN) provides access to current and historical
weather data from WSU’s automated weather station network along with a range of models and decision aids. The weather
data, advisories, and decision support systems provided by AgWeatherNet can help improve production and product quality, optimize resource use, and reduce environmental impact. AWN has 170+ automated weather stations located primarily in the irrigated regions of eastern Washington. The first station was installed in 1988. Standard AWN weather variables include air temperature, relative humidity, dew point temperature, soil temperature at 8 inches, rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, and leaf wetness. Some stations also measure atmospheric pressure. These variables are recorded every 5 seconds and summarized every 15 minutes by a data logger. The monitoring stations are Campbell Scientific CR-1000 data loggers combined with a range of sensors powered by a battery that is recharged through a solar panel. Communications are handled through cell phone data telemetry and the Internet. Following processing, the weather data are disseminated via the website http://weather.wsu.edu. The weather data and associated tools that are provided on the website are updated continuously.
Contact Research Lead Melba Salazar-Gutierrez, [email protected] Operations Manager Sean Hill, [email protected]
CPAAS The Center for Precision & Automated Agricultural Systems (CPAAS) was established to offer a framework for automated and precision agriculture related efforts at Washington State
University. We develop solutions for more effective growing, harvesting, and processing of crops that will improve the quantity, quality, and safety of food production in the state of Washington, the Pacific Northwest, and worldwide. To attain this goal, CPAAS has constructed needed research facilities and assembled a highly skilled transdisciplinary team of researchers and support staff. CPAAS also supports postdoctoral research associates, graduate students, and visiting scholars from around the world who perform research and/or education activities at CPAAS.
Technologies developed at CPAAS, such as an automated labor management system, a hand-held mechanical blossom thinner, a high-trellis hop-twining robot, and smart targeted sprayer have been either commercialized by local manufacturers or adopted by individual growers.
We are committed to developing “World Preeminent and Washington Relevant” research, education, and extension programs in the areas of agricultural automation and precision farming, and to providing a venue for:
o High impact research outcomes for our stakeholderso True trans-disciplinary collaboration within WSU and worldwideo High quality educational and research experiences for our studentso Incubation and development of new ideas relevant in an entrepreneurial climate
Contact Director Qin Zhang, [email protected]
CPCNW The Clean Plant Center Northwest (CPCNW) is an association of scientists, researchers, state and federal regulators, large and small nurseries, and growers of
specialty crops. We work together to ensure that plant propagation material is clean and available within Washington State, the Pacific Northwest, the USA, and around the world.
At the CPCNW, we offer clean plant services for the fruit tree, grapevine and hops industries. Our clean plant services include virus- and virus-like disease detection and treatment, and the production, distribution, and retention of virus-tested plant material. In addition to our clean plant services, we conduct targeted research to find better, faster, and cheaper ways to test for viruses. The talented and diverse staff at CPCNW have relevant scientific, horticulture, research, laboratory, and management expertise.
Contact Director Scott Harper [email protected] or Business Manager Catherine Jones [email protected]
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Manoj KarkeeAssociate Professor, Biological Systems Engineering • CPAAS
faculty • WSU since 2010 • Tenured 2016 • PhD from Iowa State
University • Focus on crop load estimation, tree fruit harvesting
and pruning, crop monitoring, and weed control in vegetables
Bernardita SallatoTree Fruit Extension Specialist •
Manager, Cherry Breeding Program • WSU since 2016 • MS from
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago • Focus on
addressing current and emerging issues in the tree fruit industry
through collaborative initiatives
Melba Salazar-GutierrezAssistant Professor, Agricultural
Weather Network (AgWeatherNet) • WSU since 2010 • PhD from
Universidad Nacional de Colombia • Focus on crop modeling, impact
of climate variability, cold hardiness of tree fruit and grapes, and use of
statistics in agricultural systems
Naidu RayapatiAssociate Professor, Plant Pathology
• WSU since 2004 • PhD from Sir Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India • Focus on virus diseases of horticultural, vegetable, and fruit crops, including characterization,
diagnosis, and development of integrated management strategies
Markus KellerProfessor, Horticulture • Chateau
Ste. Michelle Distinguished Professor of Viticulture • WSU since
2001 • PhD from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich •
Focus on environmental factors and management practices influencing wine and juice grape production
Steve FransenAssociate Professor, Crop & Soil Sciences • Agronomist • WSU since 1983 • PhD from South
Dakota State University • Focus on varieties, harvest management, and cultural management in irrigated
perennial warm-season grasses grown for biofuels and forage
Joan DavenportProfessor, Crop & Soil Sciences • WSU since 1997 • PhD from University of Guelph, Ontario,
Canada • Focus on understanding soil variability and management of water and nutrients, primarily
in perennial fruit crops • Leader in Global Campus (online) teaching
Rob BlakeyAssistant Professor, Horticulture • Regional Extension Specialist • WSU since 2016 • PhD from University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa • Focus on
collaboration with industry to address post-harvest management
issues in tree fruit production
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+ , - . /Biological Systems
EngineeringCrop & Soil SciencesEntomologyHorticulturePlant Pathology
Faculty by Department
Lav KhotAssociate Professor, Biological Systems Engineering • CPAAS
faculty • WSU since 2013 • Tenured 2017 • PhD from North Dakota
State University • Focus on sensing and automation technologies for
site-specific, precision management of production agriculture
Qin ZhangProfessor, Biological Systems
Engineering • CPAAS Director • Editor-in-Chief, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture • WSU
since 2009 • PhD from University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign •
Focus on intelligent machinery and agricultural automation
Matthew WhitingProfessor, Horticulture • Tree Fruit Extension Specialist • WSU since 2002 • Promoted to full professor 2017 • PhD from WSU • Focus on
horticultural and physiological issues facing tree fruit growers, including mechanization and
automation in orchard systems
Doug WalshProfessor, Entomology • Associate
Director of IAREC • Extension IPM Coordinator for Washington
State • WSU since 1998 • PhD from University of California,
Davis • Focus on integrated pest management in hops, grapes, alfalfa, mint, and seed crops
Troy PetersAssociate Professor, Biological
Systems Engineering • Extension Irrigation Specialist • WSU since
2006 • PhD from Utah State University • Focus on increasing
irrigation efficiency through improved scheduling and adoption
of precision technologies
Michelle MoyerAssociate Professor, Horticulture • Statewide Viticulture Extension
Specialist • WSU since 2011 • Tenured 2017 • PhD from Cornell University • Focus on developing
and delivering educational materials and programs in
integrated vineyard management
David JamesAssociate Professor, Entomology
• WSU since 1999. PhD from Macquarie University, Sydney,
Australia • Focus on sustainability of IPM and conservation biological
control in viticulture, insect conservation, and community
research and education projects
Scott HarperAssistant Professor, Plant Pathology
• Director, Clean Plant Center Northwest • WSU since 2016 • PhD from University of Auckland, New Zealand • Focus on transmission
and expression of viruses and other systemic pathogens in fruit trees, grapevines, hops, and other crops
Gary GroveProfessor, Plant Pathology • Director of IAREC • Interim Director of AgWeatherNet •
WSU since 1986 • PhD from The Ohio State University • Focus on
epidemiology and management of aerial diseases of crops including
grapes, hops, and stone fruit FAC
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USDA-ARS at IAREC
Rick BoydstonWeed Scientist • Adjunct Professor, Crop & Soil Sciences • At Prosser since 1985 • Focus on improving
weed management through understanding weed biology and response to management tactics •
2017 focus on pulse crops
Charles BrownResearch Geneticist • With
USDA-ARS since 1986 • PhD from University of California at Davis • Focus on germplasm development
in potato including nutrient-enhanced specialty varieties •
Retired in late 2017
Brian IrishResearch Geneticist • Curator with Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Unit • PhD from University
of Arkansas (Plant Pathology) • At Prosser since 2016 • Focus on
forage legume (alfalfa, clover, trefoil) germplasm accessions
Phil MiklasResearch Geneticist • With USDA-ARS since 1992 • PhD from North
Dakota State University (Plant Breeding & Genetics) • Focus on identification and development
of traits for disease and stress tolerance in dry edible beans
Roy NavarreResearch Geneticist • With USDA-
ARS since 2001 • Adjunct Professor, Plant Pathology and Horticulture & Landscape Architecture • PhD from Oregon State University •
Focus on food security, nutrition, and disease resistance of potatoes
Lyndon PorterResearch Plant Pathologist • With USDA-ARS since 2005 •
Focus on integrated managment of legume diseases in peas,
chickpeas, lentils, and beans
Kylie SwisherResearch Scientist • At Prosser
since 2016 • PhD from University of Arizona (Molecular & Cellular
Biology) • Focus on new and emerging diseases and pests of potato in the laboratory,
field, and greenhouse
Long-Xi YuResearch Geneticist • Adjunct Professor, Plant Pathology and
Crop & Soil Science • PhD from University of Orleans, France (Plant
Molecular Biology) • Focus on enhancing resistance to biotic and
abiotic stresses in forage crops
WSDA at IAREC
Lauri GuerraCoordinator, Tree Fruit Certification
Program • Supervisor, Nematode Diagnostics Laboratory • WSDA
since 1999 • PhD from University of California, Davis • Focus on
providing plants with minimal risks of virus or nematode presence
Having scientists from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) co-located at IAREC helps facilitate collaboration.
Having scientists from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) co-located at IAREC helps facilitate collaboration.
STAFF
Length of Service Awards 2017
John Steinbock 40Lynn Mills 35Guy Reisenauer 35Wilson Peng 20Maria Mireles 15Dan Groenendale 10Eunice Beaver-Kanuya 5Tony Moreno 5Jensena Newhouse 5
The administrative, research, facilities, and technical support staff are truly the lifeblood of WSU IAREC. Without their knowledge, dedication, and support, our faculty could not carry out their research, extension, and teaching projects. We honor the IAREC staff and the many roles they play in moving our mission forward.
12
204
1735
Administrative Staff
Othello Staff
Technical Support Staff
Farm & Facilities Staff
Postdoctoral Researchers, Research Associates, & Research Interns
We also have an average of
40-60 hourly employees during the
spring/summer season
WSU IAREC is host to graduatestudents from all over the world. They come to study entomology, plant pathology, horticulture, crop and soil sciences, and biological systems engineering in an environment that allows them to work directly with irrigated crops and those who farm them, while engaging with world-class faculty mentors.
The Prosser Graduate Student Association (PGSA) was formed by IAREC students in 2015. PGSA provides a platform for both academic and social engagement, encouraging students to interact outside of the classroom and the laboratory, and creating events to build camaraderie. Events hosted by PGSA include: monthly international movie nights, late night bowling, ice cream socials, trips to visit other Research & Extension Centers, lunches to welcome new students to IAREC, hiking/camping trips, and more!
WSU IAREC students are the future of agriculture.
THE STUDENT EXPERIENCE
2017IAREC
Graduates 2017 OfficersPresident: Katherine East
VP: Nataliya Shcherbatyuk
Treasurer: Ben-Min Chang
Secretary: Arunabha Mitra
Social Coordinator: Margaret McCoy
Academic Coordinator: Rajeev Sinha
Advisor: Dr. Michelle Moyer
Hector Camargo, MS (Melba Salazar)
Jati Adiputra, PhD (Naidu Rayapati)
Binod Pandey, PhD (Gary Grove)
Nathan Stacey, PhD (Joan Davenport)
THE STUDENT EXPERIENCE2017 Graduate Students, Degree Sought, Advisor
Momtanu Chakraborty MS Lav Khot Ben-Min Chang PhD Markus Keller
Kapil Khanal MS Manoj Karkee Lin Chen PhD Qin Zhang
Teresa Lowry MS Joan Davenport Shimul Das PhD Naidu Rayapati
Natalie Shaw MS Steve Fransen Katherine East PhD Michelle Moyer
Christina Tassone MS Joan Davenport Zongmei Gao PhD Lav Khot
Katherine Taylor MS Matt Whiting Joelle Bou Harb PhD Markus Keller
Emily Wine MS Doug Walsh Yaqoob Majeed PhD Qin Zhang
Jordan Briggs MS Ag Markus Keller Margaret McCoy PhD Michelle Moyer
Kade Casciato MS Ag Markus Keller Arunabha Mitra PhD Naidu Rayapati
Nicola Distasio MS Ag Joan Davenport Abdelmoneim Mohamed PhD Troy Peters
Matthew Frank MS Ag Michelle Moyer Mohammad Rahman PhD Naidu Rayapati
Carina Ocampo MS Ag Naidu Rayapati Prudence Ramphisa PhD Joan Davenport
Jesus Ramos MS Ag Michelle Moyer Abid Sarwar PhD Troy Peters
Raphael Adegbola PhD Naidu Rayapati Nataliya Shcherbatyuk PhD Markus Keller
Adekunle Adesanya PhD Doug Walsh Rajeev Sinha PhD Lav Khot
Haitham Bahlol PhD Lav Khot Xin Zhang PhD Qin Zhang
Santosh Bhusal PhD Manoj Karkee Yanru Zhao PhD Lav Khot
Katie Buckley PhD David James GO COUGS!
Orchard Management Practices for Little Cherry Virus 2PI: Scott Harper
Funding Agency: Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission
Little cherry disease poses a major threat to Washington sweet cherry production, because it causes dramatic reduction in cherry fruit size and quality. The disease is caused by Little cherry virus-2, a virus about which we know very little. Due to this lack of knowledge, we have not been able to develop effective control measures. This project looks at three aspects of the viruses’ biology:
1) Where does the virus move through the plant over time (to determine the best time to test for the virus)?
2) Which scion-rootstock combinations does the virus “prefer” to infect?
3) Which of these combinations leads to the greatest spread by mealybug vectors?
The last two objectives assess the risk of current planting and management practices, and will help develop disease management practices for the future.
GrantsBy the Numbers New Grants 50 Renewed Grants 65 Termed Grants 52
Grant Expenditures
Expenditures $6,541,618
Facilities & Administrative Funds Generated
$699,506
TOTAL Expenditures + F&A $7,241,124
Federal $2,616,352
Grant Funds Generated$4,575,709 total
Gifts/Private $80,703
State $322,141
Industry $1,556,513
Industry FundsAlfalfa SeedForageHopMintPea/Lentil Small FruitsTree FruitVegetableWine Grapes
Industry Survey for Grapevine Crown Gall in Newly Established VineyardsPI: Michelle Moyer
Funding Agency: Washington State Department of Agriculture, Nursery License Surcharge
The objective of this project is to conduct a statewide survey to determine the extent of the grapevine disease known as “Crown Gall” in new vineyards. We are focusing on how the influence of the different sources of planting stock (certified—both in and out of state— and non-certified) may impact the level of disease that is seen. The resulting information will help to establish whether certain plant material is at greater risk for disease outbreaks. It will also help both nurseries and inspectors establish whether the severity of outbreaks fall into an “expected level” or if they are an indication of a failure in the production or distribution of grapevines.
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Grape Berry Splitting: From Mechanism to MitigationPI: Markus Keller
Funding Agency: USDA Agricultural Research Service
Grape berries and other fruits, such as cherries and blueberries, can develop cracks or splits in their skin that expose the fruit flesh. The berries’ vulnerability to splitting rises suddenly as they begin to ripen. For a grower, splitting means an unpredictable loss of both crop yield and quality, resulting in loss of income. Although the physical processes leading to splitting are quite well understood, this is not the case for the underlying cell mechanisms, which hampers development of effective mitigation strategies. This project investigates both basic mechanisms at the level of skin cell walls and possible mitigation strategies in the field. The ultimate goals are to offer growers management options to mitigate berry splitting and to provide other scientists information to study the mechanistic basis of splitting.
Washington State IPM Extension Implementation Program 2017-2020PI: Doug Walsh
Funding Agency: USDA NIFA Crop Protection and Pest Management
The overall goal of this project is to increase integrated pest management (IPM) adoption among the agricultural and urban pest management practitioners of Washington State. Dr. Walsh has assembled a team of extension outreach experts in tree fruits, small grains, shellfish, pollinator protection, urban applications, vegetable row crops, hops, cranberries, and alfalfa seed who will dissiminate the latest research-based recommendations for IPM practices in these diverse environments. Activities within this project are based on stakeholder input and are rigorously assessed for short- and longer-term outcomes in terms of changes in target audience knowledge and behavior. Walsh’s team has successfully competed for this grant and its predecessors since 2009.
Eastern Monarch Butterfly
PI: David James
Funding Agency: US Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management
The Pacific Northwest Monarch Butterfly tagging program was established by Dr. David G. James at WSU IAREC in 2012. Working with inmates at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla as well as unincarcerated citizen scientists throughout the PNW, almost 20,000 Monarchs have been reared and tagged. This unique citizen scientist-based research program, one of the largest in the country, has resulted in elucidation of migration patterns of Monarchs in the PNW and contributed to the conser-vation of this iconic butterfly and pol-linator. The program has also involved schoolchildren in creating Monarch hab-itats at schools in addition to rearing and tagging Monarchs. Almost 2000 people throughout the PNW are currently en-gaged in this project, effectively blending research, education, and conservation. https://www.facebook.com/MonarchBut-terfliesInThePacificNorthwest/
Phenotypic Response of the Soil Microbiome to Environmental PerturbationsPI: Steve Fransen
Funding Agency: US Department of Energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
This collaborative project is focused on the development of connectivity between soil microbial communities and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum), a cool-season grass introduced from Turkey in 1909 and widely adapted throughout the western U.S. and Canada. Tall wheatgrass has been promoted as forage, erosion protection, and a biofuel crop. This research will explore the interactions between the plant and water and soil microorganisms on carbon and nutrient transformations. Two tall wheatgrass varieties, Jose and Alkar, managed for biomass under four irrigation regimes, will be used to better understand microbial life when water is closely regulated. These results will be used to predict environmental impacts on biofuel sustainability.
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Highlighted Events in 2017
3/15/17 The Science of Agriculture hands-on educational event
3/16/17 Prosser Graduate Student Association (PGSA) hosts tour for students from other WSU Research and Extension Centers across the state
4/7/17 Congressional Staff Tour
4/20/17 Multicultural Evening
4/21/17 American Society of Farm Managers and Rural Appraisers (ASFMRA) tour
5/15/17 Benton Rural Electric Association (REA) tour
9/6/17 AgForestry Leadership Agricultural Issues Seminar
Benton REA’s May tour ofIAREC was the featured story
in the July 2017 edition of Ruralite magazine
Representative Dan Newhouse talks with Dr. Manoj Karkee during his visit to IAREC and CPAAS
WSU’s GRAND CHALLENGES are a set of principles that focus the University’s research, innovation, and creativity in specific areas to achieve broad societal impact. WSU IAREC supports these overarching goals in a multitude of ways. https://research.wsu.edu/research-initiatives/grand-challenges/
SUSTAINABLE RESOURCESSupplying food, energy, and water for future generations• Interdisciplinary teams (entomology,
plant pathology, soil science, weed science, horticulture, biosystems engineering) address key issues in hops, grapes, tree fruit, alfalfa, and other crops.
• The Washington State Integrated Pest Management Coordinator is located at IAREC.
• Tools developed at IAREC help growers know when and how to irrigate and when they can turn their water off with confidence, resulting in peak yields with water and energy savings.
• An estimated two-thirds of Washington State’s agricultural production comes from irrigated land, making IAREC’s research vital to sustainable agricultural production in the state and region.
OPPORTUNITY AND EQUITYPromoting an informed and equitable society, expanding individual opportunity, advancing social justice• IAREC faculty participated in the
Leadership and Global Understanding (LGU) Columbia “Utopia” Project to deliver agricultural research results, technology, and training to farmers in remote areas.
• Researchers at IAREC have been engaged in agricultural research and development programs funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to tackle hunger and poverty in Africa and Asia.
• The Prosser Graduate Student Association provides opportunities for networking, professional collaboration, and social engagement.
• IAREC faculty offer hands-on research experiences to undergraduate students, especially first-generation students from low-income communities in Yakima Valley, to improve their career prospects and access to higher education.
SMART SYSTEMSHarnessing technology to improve quality of life• Faculty and students at IAREC have
developed and deployed pilot projects utilizing unmanned aerial systems (drones) for tasks such as damage assessment in production agriculture.
• The Center for Precision & Automated Agricultural Systems (CPAAS), housed at IAREC, develops mechanized and automated solutions for crop production. CPAAS innovations include development of mechanical and robotic apple and feedstock biomass harvest techonlogy, a robotic system for fruit bin management, and mechanized weed control in vegetable crops.
• CPAAS also works with precision agriculture and decision support such as in-orchard wireless sensor networks, precision and automated irrigation systems, high-throughput phenotyping, automated labor management, and cloud-based farm management.
NATIONAL SECURITYFundamental research to protect America and the world• IAREC is strategically positioned to
contribute to food security here at home and across the globe.
• IAREC faculty serve as members of USAID’s Feed the Future Innovation Labs, translating science-based knowledge in partnership with research institutions and NGOs in Asia and Africa for crop improvement and betterment of the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.
• Plant breeding and maintenance of virus- and disease-free planting materials, both of which take place at IAREC, are key components to a safe and secure global food supply.
• The engagement of university faculty and federal research scientists in addressing global dimensions of agriculture brings valuable experiences benefiting agriculture in the U.S.
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Books James DG, ed. 2017. The Book of Caterpillars. A life-size guide to six hundred species from around the world. University of Chicago Press, IL 656 pp.
Nave JR & DG James. 2017. Journey’s flight: One Western Monarch’s Record-setting Mi-gration. CreateSpace Indepen-dent Publishing Platform 80 pp.
Book Chapters Burger J, HJ Maree, P Gouveia & RA Naidu. 2017. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. In Meng B, G Martelli, D Golino, M Fuchs (eds), Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 167-195.
Khot LR, G-A Hoheisel, Y Osroosh & R Ehsani. 2017. Ch. 7: Precision technologies for pest and disease management. In Zhang (eds), Automation in tree fruit production, CAB International, Boston, MA. 112p, ISBN 978-1780648507.
Naidu RA. 2017. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1. In Meng B, G Martelli, D Golino & M Fuchs (eds), Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 127-139.
Rojo F, J Zhang, S Upadhyaya & Q Zhang. 2017. Light Interception and Canopy Sensing for Tree Fruit Canopy management. In Zhang, Q (ed), Automation in Tree Fruit Production, Principles and Practice. CABI (32 pp).
Walsh D. 2017. Pests of Alfalfa Grown for Seed. In Hollingsworth, CS (ed), Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University.
Whiting MD & R Perry. 2017. Fruit harvest methods and technologies. In Cherries: Botany, Physiology, and Uses. Quero-García J, A Iezzoni, J Pulawska & G Lang (eds). CAB International. pp 442-460.
Zhang Q. 2017. Tree Fruit Production Automation, In Zhang Q (ed), Automation in Tree Fruit Production, Principles and Practice. CABI (12 pp).
Zhang Q, M Karkee & LR Khot. 2017. Ch. 14: Mechanization and automation for apple production. In Evans (ed), Achieving sustainable cultivation of apples. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/AS.2016.0017.14.
Extension Publications Khot LR. 2017. Unmanned aerial systems in agriculture: Part II, Sensors. UAS in Ag Series (2015-1493). WSU Extension Publishing FS285E. Pullman, WA, USA.
Moyer MM & C Cooper. 2017. Wholesale Buyers Guide to Washington Grapevine Quarantines. WSU Extension Publishing FS286E. Pullman, WA, USA.
Journal ArticlesAdesanya AW, MA Morales, DB Walsh, LC Lavine, MD Lavine & F Zhu, 2017. Mechanisms of resistance to three mite growth inhibitors of Tetranychus urticae in hops. Bulletin of Entomological Research. doi:10.1017/S0007485317000414.
Amatya S, M Karkee, Q Zhang & MD Whiting. 2017. Automated detection of branch shaking locations for robotic cherry harvesting using machine vision. Robotics. 6(4): 31. doi:10.3390/robotics6020031.
Bondada B, E Harbertson, PM Shrestha & M Keller. 2017. Temporal extension of ripening beyond its physiological limits imposes physical and osmotic challenges perturbing metabolism in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries. Scientia Horticulturae. 219: 135-143.
Cowell SJ, SJ Harper & WO Dawson. 2017. A real-time RT-qPCR assay for the detection of Citrus tatter leaf virus. Journal of Virological Methods. 244: 29-31.
Cragin J, M Serpe, M Keller & K Shellie. 2017. Dormancy and cold hardiness transitions in wine grape cultivars Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon. American Journal of Enology & Viticulture. 68: 195-202.
Donda BP, S Jarugula & RA Naidu. 2017. An analysis of the complete genome sequence and subgenomic mRNAs reveals unique features of the ampelovirus, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1. Phytopathology. 107:1069-1079.
Fu H, L He, S Ma, M Karkee, D Chen, Q Zhang & S Wang. 2017. “Jazz” Apple Impact Bruise Responses to Different Cushioning Materials. Transactions of the ASABE. 60(2): 327-336.
Gale EJ & MM Moyer. 2017. Cold Hardiness of Vitis vinifera Roots. American Journal of Enology & Viticulture. 68: 468-477.
Gibeault D, MD Whiting & T Einhorn. 2017. Time indices of multiphasic development in genotypes of sweet cherry are similar from dormancy to cessation of pit growth. Annals of Botany. 119:465-475.
Gonzalez Antivilo F, RC Paz, M Keller, R Borgo, J Tognetti, F Roig Juñent. 2017. Macro- and microclimate conditions may alter grapevine deacclimation: variation in thermal amplitude in two contrasting wine regions from North and South America. International Journal of Biometeorology. 61: 2033-2045.
Granatstein D, JR Davenport & E Kirby. 2017. Growing legumes in orchard alleys as an internal nitrogen source. HortScience. 52:1283-1287. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI12121-17.
Harper SJ, SJ Cowell & WO Dawson. 2017. Isolate fitness and tissue-tropism determine superinfection success. Virology. 511: 222-228.
He L, H Fu, M Karkee & Q Zhang. 2017. An effect of fruit location on apple detachment with mechanical shaking. Biosystems Engineering, 157: 63-171.
He L, H Fu, D Sun, M Karkee & Q Zhang. 2017. Shake and catch harvesting for fresh market apples in trellis trained trees. Transactions of the ASABE. 60(2): 353-360.
He L, H Fu, H Xia, M Karkee, Q Zhang & M Whiting. 2017. Evaluation of a localized shake and catch harvesting system for fresh market apples. CIGR Journal. 19(4): 36-44.
Kalcsits L, G Mupambi, S Serra, S Musacchi, D Layne, T Schmidt, M Mendoza, L Asteggiano, S Jarolmasjed, S Sankaran, LR Khot, & C Espinoza Zúñiga. 2017. Above and below-ground environmental changes associated with the use of photoselective anti-hail netting in apple. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 237-238: 9-17.
Keller M. 2017. Ein Fall der inneren und äußeren Sicherheit: Frostschutz bei Reben. Der Winzer. 73(3): 16-17.
Keller M & LJ Mills. 2017. ‘Sunbelt’ as a possible ‘Concord’ juice grape partner in a warming world. HortTechnology. 27: 557-562.
Killiny N, F Hijaz, SJ Harper & WO Dawson. 2017. Effects of Citrus tristeza closterovirus infection on phloem sap and released volatile organic compounds in Citrus macrophylla. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. 98: 25-36.
Ma S, M Karkee, PA Scharf, Q Zhang, J Tong & L Yu, 2017. A study on the effects of harvester off-track errors on sugarcane stubble losses. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 33(6): 771-779. doi: 10.13031/aea.12360.
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