D R C S C ' s

A n n u a l R e p o r t 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1 1

Development Research Communication and Services Centre

Registered office18B Gariahat Road (South), Dhakuria, Kolkata - 700031

Phone : 2473 4364

Project office58A Dharmotala Road, Bosepukur, Kasba, Kolkata- 700042

Phone : 91 - 033 - 2442 7311 / 2441 1646 | Fax : 91 - 033 - 2442 7563Email : drcsc@vsnl.com, drcsc.ind@gmail.com | Website : www.drcsc.org

ust before I started writing down the annual r eport, we could feel a change in the air - change in the state politics and international equations of terrorism.But

with high rate of inflation, severe draught, crop damage and water scarcity, not much change could be observed in the rural sector. Amidst all these, DRCSC completed its 29 years and we still feel that in order to get a significant impact, we need to increase our efforts manifold.

Our major concern is food and livelihood security of the rural poor through sustainable management of natural resources on the basis of principles and actions, that are environment friendly, economically appropriate, socially just and developed by mutual cooperation. We also focus on various overlapping issues like education, environment, economic development etc.

Although our journey on the road to development has already completed 29 years, we have always tried to maintain a low key, striving to reach all the agro-ecological zones of West Bengal at the same time in order to create sustainable natural resource management models which are replicable. Now we have quite a few models ready for advocacy and mainstreaming. But this issue is really a different ball game for us as we find ourselves comfortable in the field research mode. We need to build our capacity on this.

DRCSC society has 40 general members from various spheres, and a 11 member executive committee. The EC met 4 times this year to discuss plan/progress and take major organizational decisions.

It is good that we have a very energetic young team of workers with great dedication and spirit that has helped us to grow. We have about 40 workers working from the project

office and another 70 located in various districts. It has become difficult to retain young workers now-a-days, as number of bilateral agencies have started making direct interventions through Government and absorbing experienced workers with high

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remunerations. Though we have tried to raise our remuneration structure, it is not sufficient to compete with the existing pattern prevalent in other sectors.

Due to mounting social and political turmoil working in the severely underdeveloped pockets and establishing rapport with the community and line departments have become all the more difficult. We found it very difficult to retain some of our old good work as instability of livelihood increased manifold due to economic and political uncertainties last year.

We received appreciations from a number of national and international forums, which force us to work with responsibility in future. Our work has been reported in media, seminars, research journals etc. Representatives of Christian Aid, KKS, Indienhilfe, EED, Save the Children, KUSP, EU, BCKV, Shaplaneer, SATSA, WBREDA and Welthungerhilfe and individuals like Hon'bl MP Sri Basudev Acharya evaluated and appreciated our work this year. DRCSC activity evaluation was done by Dr. Shiraz Wajih of GEAG. He remarks in his conclusion “DRCSC is to be highly appreciated for the good work it has done in the project for the reduction of poverty and food security of marginalized communities through low external input and integrated agriculture, natural resource management and the supporting activities like extension, information dissemination, research, documentation etc. Well done, indeed.”

DRCSC is actively participating and contributing to national and international networks like Alliance for Sustainable and Holistic agriculture (ASHA), GM free India, Wada Na Todo Aviyan, Hunger Free West Bengal, PANAP, OFAI etc. We lead Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN), Ecology and Natural Resource Education Network (ENRE), ADDA etc in West Bengal. More than 20 reports/articles on activities of DRCSC were published in national and regional newspapers. We participated in 4~5 talks on burning issues like Bt Brinjal, GM crops etc in important television channels.

12 young members of the staff of DRCSC visited Deccan Development Society, Centre for Sustainable Agriculture and Auroville. An exposure was organized for government officials in DRCSC field sites of Birbhum and Patharpratima.

We did gender mainstreaming this year and published the long awaited staff manual with all policies of DRCSC. This can serve as a model for other NGOs to develop their staff manuals.

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We thank all our members, donors, collaborators, beneficiaries and well wishers for their constant support.

Let us now try to look at our work on the basis of issues and area.

Natural Resource Management related activities

Our natural resource management activities for food and livelihood security of the rural poor in dry areas were supported mostly by Wethungerhilfe (EU), Christain Aid, KKS, RKVY (Dept of Agriculture, Govt. of WB), KUSP, AEON Foundation and NREGA cell. After prolonged negotiations, we started doing watershed development planning for 5 watersheds in West Medinipur under MGNREGA scheme. In spite of completing the planning, we could not implement it as we got caught in a political turmoil. This was the first time that we worked so closely with government, administrative and political forces, and we must admit that we learnt a host of lessons from these govt. funded activities.

In dry areas, we try to follow in general, the natural resource management pattern like the following.

In Birbhum, Bankura, Purulia and West Medinipur we have excavated/renovated 10 acres of pond, done soil water conservation in almost 147 acre of fallows, planted saplings of multipurpose trees of people's choice over 114 acre, converted 192 acres of

Upland with Degraded soil and no irrigation:- Fruit Trees such as mango, custard apple, ber, phalsa, sapota, guava, jackfruit, amla etc.interplanted with roselle, pigeon pea & black gram in the early stage & yam at late stage, infiltration ditches and semi-circular bunds.

Mid-lands (rainfed):-Community woodlots for firewood-fodder along with other NTFP productionsORImproved pastureland with tree canopy with water recharge and water storage pond

Mild Slopes:-Mixed food grain, integrated farms, vegetable cultivation.Nitrogen fixing trees/shrubs as hedgerows or living fences.Diamond beds for fruit trees such as papaya, lemon etc along with vegetables.Contour line hedgerows & infiltration bunds.

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seasonal fallows to cultivable land by doing mixed crop. 3511 acre of land has been brought under second and third crop from monocrop situation. This area faced very low rainfall this year, but as our beneficiaries followed a number of soil-water conservation methods and moisture retention techniques by providing organic inputs in the soil, in

some areas people could harvest some crops at least for their own consumption.

The river lift irrigation in the village Kusumkandar in Muhammadbazar Block of Birbhum District, is one of the interventions worth mentioning, where 44 families cultivated 70 acres of land twice a year. They got an yield of wheat and other crops worth about 5 lakh rupees and 350 mandays of work could be generated. Only a few months back, growing even a single crop was a day dream for these villagers.

Even after 2 years of AILA, the districts of South and North 24 Parganas are yet to get over the disastrous effect of salinity in the soil. We are supported by Indienhilfe, AID India (Boston Chapter), WDU and Christian Aid in this region. Our focus was on nutritional security at homestead level by promoting integrated nutrition garden with poultry, duckery, small animals with biodigesters starting from vermicompost to biogas. On a second level, we tried to reclaim soil by channelising saline water and using organic matters and finally converting monocropping systems into multistoreyed multi-subsystem integrated farming creating scope for introduction of small livestock, saline tolerant fish-rice-vegetable so that the small and marginal farmers could diversify their output, income and harvesting time. These farms have established market linkages too. Integrated farming as a climate change adaptive model has been acclaimed in various forums. We have 40 such model integrated farms in South and North 24 parganas. We consider conservation of vegetable crop genetic resources as one of the major steps towards seed sovereignty of the farmers. In view of this, we have established seed conservation centres of locally suitable indigenous crops in Bagnan (Howrah), Alipurduar (Jalpaiguri), Pathar Pratima (S 24 Parganas) and

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Hingalganj (N 24 Parganas). We have already been to save 157 varieties of vegetable seeds (29 leafy vegetables, 40 legumes, 50 vegetables, 15 tuber, 23 spices) in these centres.

We initiated another interesting project in Bolpur municipality area last year, where urban slum- based groups were motivated to collect market waste and turn them into compost as a source of income. This has come up as a very successful pilot and is now ready for upscaling. The 75 group members, clubbed into 5 groups are collecting about 6000 kgs of vegetable waste from the market, and making 2000 kgs of vermicompost a day. This initiative has resulted in increased

income of Rs.1800 per month per group. Over and above the environment pollution could be brought down.

Along with this, creation of off farm and on farm natural resource based livelihood activities for supplementary income during fallow seasons remained one of our major concerns. We have identified few natural resource based microenterprises and are in the process of providing vocational education and training to the rural youth in order to generate livelihood opportunity in the village itself. This year, we have conducted training in 8 trades for 200 trainees, whom we will incubate till successful entrepreneurship.

We are fairly new in North Bengal districts and Murshidabad, and have very meagre support to work in the flooded plain and terrain, but the need for consistent development activity in these areas is colossal as hunger and starvation is intensified by recent harsh climatic condition, especially in tea garden areas and river erosion prone zones. Currently Shaplaneer and Christian aid is supporting our pilots there.

Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction are two new cross cutting issues that we are dealing with since last couple of

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years. On the whole, we promote the following practices which reduce GHG emission & enhance stress tolerance.

• Reduced tillage, biological tillage, mulch farming & other no tillage systems reduce the necessity of heavy machineries and consumption of petrochemicals.

• Mixed cropping of plants with different root depth & structure ensure optimal utilization of water & nutrient and higher resilience against environmental stress.

• Multi-storey agro-forestry extend growing season and reduce soil erosion, while enhancing carbon sequestration.

• Locally adapted plants, animals etc. reduce the need for high external inputs.• Biological soil inputs and soil-moisture conservation enhance capacity of soil to store

water, carbon & nutrients reducing need for synthetic chemicals / soil nutrients.• Integration of animal, bird, micro organism etc. reduce need for weeding, pesticide

application, enhance biodiversity and most importantly reduce dependence on a single enterprise and thereby reduce risks.

• Installation of bioreactors such as biogas digester, anaerobic composting, small ponds etc. reduce methane emission.

With support from Christian aid, we did some studies and developed some pilot models as adaptive strategies, which include package of practices for 11 varieties of salinity tolerant paddy, the energy balance sheet for practicing SRI, solar charging station, carbon sequestration by social forestry, various fuel options etc.

In all our activities, we encourage communities to raise 25% support as local contribution. In labour intensive programmes like land shaping, soil water conservation, plantation etc., beneficiaries contribute about 20% in terms of labour. In some cases, like grain reserve, community's contribution is about 50%. This year, some groups organized by us have been registered as a society. We will continue our work through them as partners. It is satisfying to note that 60% of the villagers with whom we used to work intimately at some point of time and had withdrawn support in last 5 years are continuing with the methods and principles transferred by us.

Work of this division reached 3770 families in 180 villages under 28 b locks o f 10 d i s t r i c ts . The beneficiaries include small farmers, gardeners and landless communities with special focus on indigenous communities and women.

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Environment and Livelihood-based Education division received support from Save the Children, Indienhilfe, Shaplaneer, WE21, NCRI (Hyderabad) and some well wishers like Takako Chiba and others.

Some school-based groups and village-based eco groups were engaged this year in documenting the natural resources, its use & threats, the socio ecological problems of the village and some possible low cost no cost solutions. They did i t t h r o u g h P R A exercises. The PRA tools were selected carefully so that the general understanding of the people about change of climate could be documented and considered while doing micro-level planning. We d i d e x t e n s i v e capacity building of the young adults on micro level development planning through PRA and on applying the outcome of planning in the village, in order that they take active part in the village development process and be a sensible and sensitive future citizen. The methods followed were hand holding sessions, workshops, child camps etc. After the microplanning process was completed, some low cost - no cost demonstration unit on possible natural resource management initiatives that evolved from the microplanning process were set up in schools, community centre, clubs etc.

The entire exercise was done in 52 villages through 10 schools and 37 eco groups with 1000 children from·8 districts of West Bengal and Orissa. The micro planning document

has been handed over to the panchayet in all the v i l l a g e s f o r implementation. The process itself was very educative in pedagogic aspect too, as skills like data col lect ion and a n a l y s i s , m a p p i n g , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , preparing report along with the understanding of local socio-economic and ecological perspectives could be imparted, which were never discussed in the mainstream curricula.

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Our children of old ecology and natural resource education groups have grown up now. We identified 20 such youths who were with us for the last 10 years or so, and groomed them as youth eco leaders, who can provide training on eco-crafts and eco-skills like herbal medicine preparation, gardening, nursery raising, solar cooker making, composting etc. We did a number of leadership training with them this year.

In our Street to School project aiming to ensure the r i gh ts o f t he ch i l d ren especially the Right to Education for the vulnerable and underprivileged children of 6-18 years, who live on the streets and in the slums of K o l k a t a . W e h a v e mainstreamed 184 children from 7 child-friendly education centres. Some other children were given vocational training too. The awareness level of the community towards child right has evidently improved – parents have started taking interest in the education of

their child. It is very encouraging to see that already some children have been withdrawn from work place. Through this programme, our rapport with the formal schools has improved a lot. Now we conduct demonstration classes in 4 deprived government schools on how to improve quality of education as a tool for proper implementation of RTE.

This year, our education festival Harekarakamba which celebrates

diverse approaches to learning, was taken directly to the schools. This mini festival with number of activity corners became very popular and acted as a means of shaping up the need for a joyful and active way of learning. Other prominent NGOs were also a part of this collaborative effort.

A part of the support from WE21 for the five year long project of Multipurpose Education Centre aimed at improving the economic status of women groups in tribal villages so that they

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could support the pre-school activity centre for children in the age group of 3-6, came to an end this year. We have handed over 2 such centres in Bankura and West Medinipur to the community. The linkages with ICDS centres are working out slowly on a local level in Birbhum, where teachers from our MPEC centre are giving regular pedagogic and community development support to the ICDS facilitators.

Training and Capacity BuildingOur Training Team is generating their own administrative cost by imparting training and consultancy services to many organizations in West Bengal and other states on sustainable agriculture and natural resource management techniques. We have conducted training in Jharkhand for Badlao Foundation, Tribal Foundation, Yam India, Prabha Bharti, Lok Prerna, FDH etc. Among the organisations in West Bengal that received training from us this year were DAS, LWS, ABCD, Ankurkala, Hope Foundation, SIPRD and BCC. Our Training Team provides training on non-formal education approaches too. This year they conducted this training for organisations like NMCS, Right Track, CSR unit of TATA petrochemicals etc.

With support from District Rural Development Cell (DRDC), North 24 Parganas Zilla Parishad, our Training Team undertook an extensive capacity building programme to strengthen SHG-clusters under SGSY to develop them into self sufficient units and guide SHGs under these clusters in two blocks. Sometimes it appears that SHG movement is not transcending the boundary of small credit & savings to enter into the domain of microenterprise development for further economic improvement of the families. This project aims to establish this concept. In Hingalganj, we worked with 3

clusters,72 sub-c l u s t e r s , 6 11 groups and 6160 members and in Sandeshkhali 1, our purview of o p e r a t i o n i n c l u d e d 7 clusters, 84 sub-c l u s t e r s , 7 8 0 groups and 7800 members. The credit linkages

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and linkages between various government schemes and all the groups & clusters have increased. In Hingalganj, the cluster women are already running a biolab as an income

generating activity and providing support to the groups.

Last year DRCSC i n i t i a t e d O r g a n i c Farmers' Forum to bring organic farmers of the state under one umbrella in order to share skills and ideas among them and to u n d e r t a k e s o m e collective action to motivate more farmers and influence local

governments. It has been regularized and with NABARD support, one farmer's club was established in South 24 Parganas.

Information Dissemination and Public Education related activities

O u r I n f o r m a t i o n Dissemination and Public Education Team started looking deeply into the basel ine and success indicators of the villages and beneficiaries we work with. This work has resulted in developing our own package of baseline study, database of seeds, multipurpose trees, case study formats etc. We are confident that not only within our own organization, but in other organizations working in the similar sector, this package will be of much help. This year the team a l s o c o n c e n t r a t e d o n documenting good practices and impact of various actions.

The team continued supporting o ther ins t i tu t ions th rough newsletter, library and other information services. We maintain e-groups of WBEN, SHGPF, Sambad-e, e group on MDG, ADDA etc.

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In order to develop an audience of alternative thought-provokers and to chart out a roadmap for alternative development movement a space or platform is earnestly needed. In this context, DRCSC initiated an alternative bookshop in Kolkata at our Dhakuria premises on 21st February 2011 to showcase a wide array of alternative books, periodicals, documents, compact disks etc. on

issues affecting local,national and international levels.

Kisan Swaraj Yatra, a march starting from Sabarmati on October 2, 2010 on Gandhi Jayanti Day and terminating at Rajghat on December 11, 2010 was organized to reach out to the general masses and to give a call to motivate them to join forces struggling to save Indian farming and farmers and to promote self-reliant farming. This bus yatra traversed through 20 states of India before it reached Rajghat on December 11. The march was organised under a broad informal banner called ALLIANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE & HOLISTIC AGRICULTURE (ASHA). DRCSC played the

coordinating role in West Bengal and oraganised seed festival on this occasion. This offrered us the scope for introducing the work of DRCSC at the national level.

In spite of being a very successful program, the support for monitoring implementation of RTI act was abruptly withdrawn. We are still continuing the state help line on RTI and other small initiatives throughout the state on RTI with our own resources. On an average we get 5 calls a day on the state helpline. We have conducted a workshop in Bangladesh. We are also continuing the publication of the RTI newsletter in Bengali.

This team organized a number of seminars and sessions on various development issues throughout the year. One important meeting was, a 'State Level Consultation on Revisiting Food Security' held on 28th August, 2010 at Academy of Fine Arts where eminent scientists and speakers like Dr. R. N. Basu, Prof. T. K. Bose, Subhendu Dasgupta, Manab Sen, Harilal Nath, Pradip Sen etc were present to share their views.

Secretary DRCSC along with eminent scientists from WB were invited by the Central Parliamentary Committee on Agriculture to present our concerns on GM crop.

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This team, with the help of the members of other teams have done project and activity evaluation of one partner of JICA in Bangladesh and that of Indienhilfe in Birbhum.

Activities in OdhisaOur work in Odhisa with Living Firm was supported by Broederlijkdelen (BD), Misereor, EED, Trocaire and SWISS AID. In a nutshell, the initiatives were as follows:

• Activites to achieve Food and Livelihood Security at village level were undertaken in

65 villages. We worked with community to ensure their forest rights under Forest Rights Act. The communities in all these villages have submitted their c l a i m s w i t h n e c e s s a r y evidences to the Sub Divisional Committee.

• I n 3 0 v i l l a g e s h a v i n g approximately 1300 households we conducted cause and effect analysis to understand the problem of food scarcity at household level and accordingly initiated collaborative trials to improve whole farm productivity.

• Participatory tools were used to map the loss of seed diversity in 30 villages and based on the findings seed conservation work has begun.This includes retrieving the lost variety of seeds through beej yatra involving 50 neighboring villages, requesting farmers from similar agroclimatic zones to share seeds and initiating community seed banks .

• Alternative PDS involving women is being worked out in 3 villages in collaboration with DDS.

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• Millet-based mixed farming system through Using Diversity is being promoted in other 3 villages in collaboration with ADS.

• Farmer level workshops were organised on how to raise nursery of MPTs, millet- based mixed farming system , improving soil fertility and seed conservation.

• In Rayagada district, a process has been initiated to form a district level federation of forest dependent communities in collaboration with other districts.

• At the state level, we organized a fact finding mission to understand the impact of hybrid maize on food security of tribals in Orissa. Hybrid maize has been introduced by Government of Orissa in collaboration with Monsanto under second GR in the Eastern Region. This is being used as a tool to advocate for promotion of food crops in place of cash crops in food scarce districts of Orissa .

• Organized a three day national workshop on “Second Green Revolution in the Eastern India Which Way Forward' to critique this program in the context of the specific strengths and limitation of Eastern India as well as the experience of First GR., the campaign against GE in Agriculture and promotion of farmer centered ecological agriculture. We have also participated in an international study led by PAN-AP to study the impact of hazardous pesticides on human health.

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