Annual Report 2012

A. Introduction The UIC Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research (CPR) is an interdisciplinary research unit of the UIC College of Pharmacy, jointly established by the Department of Pharmacy Practice and the Department of Pharmacy Administration. The Center was established in November 2001 by the Illinois Board of Higher Education as the "Center for Pharmacoeconomic Research." In November 2012 the name was changed to the "Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research" to reflect an expanded scope of work conduct by the Center. Mission. One of the only Centers of its kind, the mission of the CPR is to advance understanding of the impact of pharmacy and health care services, products, and policy by 1) conducting research in pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes; 2) translating and disseminating research; and 3) educating, training, and mentoring researchers. Faculty. The faculty of the CPR are among the top researchers in the field of pharmaceutical outcomes research - both nationally and internationally. For more information see Section B. The CPR conducts groundbreaking research. A primary goal of the CPR is to conduct ground-breaking research in pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes research in order to advance understanding of the impact of pharmacy and health care services, products, and policy. Research conducted by the Center is funded by a variety of sources, including pharmaceutical manufacturers, private research foundations, and by government agencies, including the National Institutes of Health, and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. For more information see Section C. The CPR disseminates new knowledge. While conducting research and generating new knowledge are important, for such information to inform public policy and impact society it must be disseminated and used. Thus, the CPR actively seeks to translate and disseminates its research findings in scholarly publications and presentations at scientific meetings in order to inform health care policy and practice. For more information see Section D. The CPR trains future researchers. By virtue of its position as a leading research center, the CPR seeks to educate, train, and mentor current and future scientists to expand the fields of pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, and patient-centered outcomes research by providing post-doctoral fellowships and other research training experiences. For more information see Section E.

B. Faculty The total number of faculty in the CPR, and the number of full-time equivalents (FTEs), has been steadily increasing since the CPR was founded in 2002, as shown in Figure B1. In 2012 there were 10 faculty at 6.75 FTEs (here an FTE refers to research time only). Figure B1. Number of faculty and FTEs, 2002-2012

CPR faculty (in 2012) are listed below along with photographs and biographical information on each.

Robert J. DiDomenico, PharmD Robert DiDomenico is a member of the CPR and Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice at UIC. He received his PharmD and completed three years of post-doctoral training, including a Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Fellowship, at UIC. Dr. DiDomenico is a clinical pharmacist specializing in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy in the acute care setting. He has authored more than 30 articles and book chapters on both clinical and outcomes-related topics in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, with particular expertise in heart failure. In 2008 he received the ACCP Research Institute Investigator Development Award. Dr. DiDomenico has contributed to the efforts of the CPR since 2003.

Todd A. Lee, PharmD, PhD - CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR Todd Lee is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Pharmacy Administration. He also has appointments in the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in the UIC School of Public Health, and in the Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy at the College of Medicine. He joined the CPR in 2009. Dr. Lee received his PharmD from Drake University and PhD from the University of Washington. Dr. Lee’s research focus is patient outcomes related to the use of pharmaceuticals, with emphasis on medication safety and pharmacoeconomics. His therapeutic area of expertise is respiratory disease. He has received numerous awards, including the Bernie J. O’Brien New Investigator Award from ISPOR.

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Edith Nutescu, PharmD, FCCP Edith Nutescu is a Clinical Professor in the Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration, and Director of the Antithrombosis Center at the University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System. She has been a member of the CPR since 2005. Dr. Nutescu received her BS from the Politechnical Institute of Bucharest, and PharmD from UIC. She also completed a pharmacy practice residency at Lutheran General Hospital in Park Ridge, IL and an ambulatory care specialty residency at UIC. Dr. Nutescu is an internationally known expert in thrombotic disorders, antithrombotic therapies, and anticoagulation clinical pharmacy care delivery models. Her research focus is on comparative effectiveness, clinical and economic outcomes of various antithrombotic therapies, venous thrombosis, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. She is widely published in the medical and scientific literature and her work has been recognized by numerous awards, including the Distinguished Service Award from ASHP, the Clinical Practice Award from ACCP, and the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Award from NIH.

Simon Pickard, PhD - CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR Simon Pickard is Associate Professor in the Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacy Administration. He is also Assistant Director of the CPR and has been a member since it was founded in 2002. Dr. Pickard received his BS in Pharmacy and PhD from the University of Alberta. His research focus is on informing decision making in health care through the evaluation of economic, humanistic and clinical outcomes of health care interventions. He is internationally known for his work in health-related quality of life, and in particular he has been a leader in developing the EQ-5D. He currently serves as Vice Chair of the Executive Committee of the EuroQol Group. He has received numerous research awards, including several from the International Society for Quality of Life Research.

Dima M. Qato, PharmD, MPH, PhD Dima Qato joined the CPR is 2012. Dr. Qato is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacist in the Department of Pharmacy Practice at UIC. Dr. Qato earned her Pharm.D. from UIC , her MPH from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and her PhD from the UIC School of Public Health. Dr. Qato’s primary research interests relate to access and use of medications in vulnerable populations. Dr. Qato use population-based methods to understand patterns and determinants of medication use, with emphasis on aging, drug safety and disparities. Dr. Qato has served as a consultant for IMS Health and for University of Chicago’s NORC. In 2001, she was the recipient of the Schweitzer Fellowship and in 2002 she was granted the prestigious Fulbright Scholarship to study impediments to the appropriate use of medicines in Jordan.

Glen T. Schumock, PharmD, MBA, PhD - CENTER DIRECTOR Glen Schumock is Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. He has been Director of the CPR since it was founded in 2002. Dr. Schumock received a Bachelor in Pharmacy from Washington State University, a PharmD degree from the University of Washington, and an MBA and PhD (Epidemiology) from UIC. His research focuses on comparisons of the clinical effectiveness, safety, and costs of pharmaceuticals and of health care and pharmacy services, and he is currently PI of the Chicago-Area DEcIDE Center funded by AHRQ. Dr. Schumock has authored and edited over 100 articles and books, and he serves on the several journal editorial boards.

Jo Ann Stubbings, MHCA Jo Ann Stubbings is a Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. She is also Manager of Research and Public Policy in the Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Department at UIC. She has been an active contributor to the Center since 2004. Ms. Stubbings received her BS in Pharmacy from Ohio State University and a Master of Health Care Administration from the University of Mississippi. Her research interests include Medicare Part D, pharmaceutical care business models, specialty pharmacy, marketing of pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services, health policy, and payment for pharmaceuticals and pharmacy services. Dr. Stubbings has received numerous teaching awards and is widely sought after for her expertise in medication payment policy issues.

Daniel R. Touchette, PharmD, MA, FCCP Daniel Touchette is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Practice and in the Department of Pharmacy Administration. Dr. Touchette is also the Network Director for the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN). He has been with the CPR since August 2005. Dr. Touchette received his BS in Pharmacy from the University of Manitoba, and his PharmD and Master of Economics degree from Wayne State University in Detroit. He also completed a fellowship in pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research at Wayne State. Dr. Touchette's research interests are in the broad areas of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research. In particular he is interested in evaluation of clinical pharmacist and other healthcare practitioner activities, especially as it relates to improving medication adherence and reducing the adverse effects of medicines. Dr. Touchette also conducts research evaluating the cost-effectiveness of clinical practices and pharmaceuticals.

Surrey M. Walton, PhD - CENTER ASSISTANT DIRECTOR Dr. Walton is Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacy Administration and Assistant Director of the CPR. He is also holds an adjunct appointment in the Department of Economics at UIC. He was a founding member of the CPR in 2002. Dr. Walton holds a BS in Economics from UCLA, and a Master and PhD degree in Economics from the University of Chicago, where he specialized in labor and health economics. He conducts quantitative research in health services evaluation, health economics, pharmacoeconomics, and health care labor markets. In addition to his active research program he is currently the Director of Graduate Studies for the Department of Pharmacy Administration.

C. Research As shown in Figure C1, total research funding (in dollars) was down substantially in 2012 ($470,321) compared to previous years. The funding per FTE was also lower ($69,663) compared to the historical average ($183,581). This may be due in part to changes in the funding environment which have made funding more difficult to obtain. Figure C1. Total funding, funding per FTE, and funding per award, 2002-2012

As shown in Figure C2, government sources of funding continued to comprise the majority of grant funding to the CPR, 75% in 2012. Figure C2. Funding by source, 2002-2012

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Listed below are the individual research grants and contract awarded in 2012. This listing does not included grants and contracts that were award earlier but continue in 2012. Dollar amounts listed are the portion attributable to CPR investigators (total direct and indirect) for those grants were the PI is outside of the CPR. Title: Methodological Development for Cost Effectiveness of CPHHD Projects Funding Source: NHLBI (Subcontract from Rush Presbyterian Medical Center) CPR Investigators: Walton SM (PI) Amount (and Period): $96,307 (09/01/2012-08/31/2013) Title: Delta Health Alliance Collaboration Funding Source: Delta Health Alliance CPR Investigators: Walton SM (Co-I) Amount (and Period): $40,000 (09/1/12-0 8/31/13) Title: Alternative Methods for Health Outcomes Validation Funding Source: FDA (Mini-Sentinel Program, Subcontract from Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Inc.) CPR Investigators: Schumock GT (PI), Lee TA (Co-I), Pickard AS (Co-I) Amount (and Period): $205,200 (10/26/12-8/31/13) Title: Takeda-UIC 2-Year Fellowship in Health Economics and Outcomes Research Funding Source: Takeda Pharmaceuticals CPR Investigators: Pickard (PI) Amount (and Period): $128,814 (07/01/12 – 06/30/14)

D. Dissemination Dissemination of research findings is an important activity of the CPR. This effort includes publications in medical and pharmacy journal, research abstract presentations, and invited presentations. Figure D1 displays the number of publications, research presentations, and invited presentations by year, and Figure D2 provides values adjusted for FTEs. Publications increased to 47 in 2012, or 7.2/FTE. Research papers fluctuate but in 2012 were up slightly at 29 (or 4.5/FTE) compared to 2011. Invited presentations were also higher at 28 (or 4.3/FTE). Figure D1. Dissemination activities, 2002-2012

Figure D2. Dissemination activities per FTE, 2002-2012

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Listed below are all of the individual publications, research papers presented, and invited presentations made by CPR faculty in 2012. Publications Akinbami LJ, Sullivan SD, Campbell JD, Grundmeier RW, Hartert TV, Lee TA, Smith RA. Asthma outcomes: Healthcare utilization and costs. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012;129(3 Suppl):S49-S64. Cavallari LH, Perera M, Wadelius M, Deloukas P, Taube G, Patel SR, Aquino-Michaels K, Viana MA, Shapiro NL, Nutescu EA. Association of the GGCX (CAA)16/17 repeat polymorphism with higher warfarin dose requirements in African Americans. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 2012;22(2):152-8. Cavallari LH, Schumock GT. Cost is not a barrier to implementing clopidogrel pharmacogenetics. Pharmacotherapy. 2012;32(4):299-303. Dabbous F, Kothari S, Pickard AS. Survey of the use of ISPOR resources by Chicago Regional Chapter members. ISPOR Connections. 2012;18(3):10-12. DiDomenico RJ. Chapter 6. Fibrinolytics. In: Wiggins B, Sanoski S, eds. Emergency Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy: A Point-of-Care Guide. Bethesda: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2012. Dolor RJ, Masica AL, Touchette DR, Smith SR, Schumock GT. Patient safety–focused medication therapy management: challenges affecting future implementation. American Journal of Managed Care. 2012;18(7):e238-e244. Gerber BS, Rapacki L, Castillo A, Tilton J, Touchette DR, Mihailescu D, Berbaum M, Sharp L. Design of a trial to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacists and community health promoters working with African-Americans and Latinos with diabetes. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):891. [Epub ahead of print] Hoffman JM, Li E, Doloresco F, Matusiak L, Hunkler RJ, Shah ND, Vermeulen LC, Schumock GT. Projecting future drug expenditures – 2012. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 2012;69(5):405-21. Janssen MF, Pickard AS, Golicki D, Gudex C, Niewada M, Scalone L, Swinburn P, Busschbach J. Measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L compared to the EQ-5D-3L across eight patient groups: a multi-country study. Quality of Life Research. 2012. [Epub ahead of print]. Johnson ES, Bartman BA, Briesacher BA, Fleming NS, Gerhard T, Kornegay CJ, Nourjah P, Sauer B, Schumock GT, Sedrakyan A, Stürmer T, West SL, Schneeweiss S. The incident user design in comparative effectiveness research. Effective Health Care Program Research Report No. 32. AHRQ Publication No. 11(12)-EHC054-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research. 2012. Jolly M, Pickard AS, Block JA, Kumar RB, Mikolaitis RA, Wilke CT, Rodby RA, Fogg L, Sequeira W, Utset TO, Cash TF, Moldovan I, Katsaros E, Nicassio P, Ishimori ML, Kosinsky M, Merrill JT, Weisman MH, Wallace DJ. Disease-specific patient reported outcome tools for systemic lupus erythematosus. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2012;42(1):56-65. Kirley K, Qato DM, Kornfield R, Stafford R, Alexander CG. National trends in oral anticoagulant use in the United States, 2007-2011. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 2012;5(2):615-621.

Lamers L, Gudex C, Pickard AS, Rabin R, on behalf of the EuroQol Group. Improving EQ-5D instruments and exploring new valuation techniques. ISPOR Connections. 2012;18(1):10-11. Lau DT, Stubbings JA. Medicare Part D research and policy highlights, 2012: Impact and insights. Clinical Therapeutics. 2012;34(4);904-914. Lefebvre P, Laliberté F, Nutescu EA, Duh MS, LaMori J, Bookhart BK, Olson WH, Dea K, Schein J, Kaatz S. All-cause and potentially disease-related health care costs associated with venous thromboembolism in commercial, Medicare, and Medicaid beneficiaries. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy. 2012;18(5):363-74. Lin FJ, Lee TA, Wong PS, Pickard AS. Evaluation of changes in guidelines for medication management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. 2012. Lin FJ, Longworth L, Pickard AS. Evaluation of content on EQ-5D as compared to disease-specific utility measures. Quality of Life Research. 2012. [Epub ahead of print] Liu Y, Jeong H, Takahashi H, Drozda K, Patel SR, Shapiro NL, Nutescu EA, Cavallari LH. Decreased warfarin clearance associated with the CYP2C9 R150H (*8) polymorphism. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2012;91(4):660-5. Mularski RA, McBurnie MA, Lindenauer PK, Lee TA, Vollmer WM, Au DH, Carson SS, Krishnan JA. Comparative effectiveness research in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research. 2012; 1(1): 71-82. Neufeld EJ, Recht M, Sabio H, Saxena K, Solem CT, Pickard AS, Gut RZ, Cooper DL. Effect of acute bleeding on daily quality of life assessments in patients with congenital hemophilia with inhibitors and their families: observations from the dosing observational study in hemophilia. Value in Health. 2012;15(6):916-25. Nutescu EA. Apixaban: a novel oral inhibitor of factor Xa. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 2012;69(13):1113-26. Patterson BW, Khare R, Courtney M, Lee TA, Kyriacou DN. Cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination of older adults in the emergency department setting. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2012; 30(7): 1072-1079. Pickard AS, Ray S, Ganguli A, Cella D. Comparison of FACT- and EQ-5D-based utility scores in cancer. Value in Health. 2012;15(2):305-11. Pickard AS, Tawk R, Shaw JW. The effect of chronic conditions on stated preferences for health. European Journal of Health Economics. 2012. [Epub ahead of print] Qato DM, Alexander GC. Just because it’s low cost doesn’t mean it’s accessible. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2012;27(10):1233-4. Reardon G, Pandya N, Nutescu EA, Lamori J, Damaraju CV, Schein J, Bookhart BK. Use of warfarin therapy among residents who developed venous thromboembolism in the nursing home. American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy. 2012;10(6):361-72.

Samp JC, Schumock GT, Pickard AS. Retracted publications in the drug literature. Pharmacotherapy. 2012;32(7):586-95. Santayana EM, Grim SA, Janda WM, Layden JE, Lee TA, Clark NM. Risk factors and outcomes associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infections with reduced susceptibility to linezolid. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 2012; 74(1): 39-42 Schiff GD, Galanter WL, Duhig J, Koronkowski MJ, Lodolce AE, Pontikes P, Busker J, Touchette D, Walton S, Lambert BL. A prescription for improving drug formulary decision making. PLoS Medicine. 2012;9(5):1-7. Schumock GT, Gibbons RA, Lee TA, Joo MJ, Stayner LT, Valuck RJ. The association between leukotriene-modifying agents and spontaneously reported suicide. Drug Information Journal. 2012;46(1): 99-106. Schumock GT, Stayner LT, Valuck RJ, Joo MJ, Gibbons RD, Lee TA. Risk of suicide attempt in asthmatic children and young adults prescribed leukotriene-modifying agents: A nested case-control study. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012;130(2):368-375. Schumock GT, Wong G, Stubbings J. Business Planning for Pharmacy Programs. In: Desselle S, Zagarrick D, eds. Second Edition. Pharmacy Management: Essentials for All Practice Settings. 3rd edition. New York: McGraw Hill Companies Inc. 2012. Schumock GT, Wong G, Stubbings J. Strategic Planning in Pharmacy Organizations. In: Desselle S, Zagarrick D, eds. Second Edition. Pharmacy Management: Essentials for All Practice Settings. 3rd edition. New York: McGraw Hill Companies Inc. 2012. Solem CT, Lee TA, Joo MJ, Lambert BL, Walton SM, Pickard AS. Complexity of medication use in newly diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy. 2012;10(2):110-122. Stein BD, Bautista A, Schumock GT, Lee TA, Charbeneau JT, Lauderdale DS, Naureckas ET, Meltzer DO, Krishnan JA. The validity of ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes for identifying patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbations. Chest. 2012;141(1):87-93. Stroupe KT, Tarlov E, Lee TA, Weichle TW, Zhang QL, Michaelis LC, Ozer H, Browning MM, Hynes DM. Hemoglobin levels triggering erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy in cancer patients following FDA policy change. Pharmacotherapy. 2012; 32(11): 988-997. Stubbings JA, Kliethermes MA, and Wagner M. Justifying and planning patient care services. In Chisolm-Burns M, Vaillancourt A, and Shepart M, eds, Pharmacy Management, Leadership, Marketing, and Finance. Second Edition. Burlington VT: Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2012;178-98. Tarlov E, Lee TA, Weichle TW, Durazo-Arvizu R, Zhang Q, Perrin R, Bentrem D, Hynes DM. Reduced overall and event-free survival among colon cancer patients using dual system care. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 2012; 21(12): 2231-2241. Tarlov E, Stroupe KT, Lee TA, Weichle TW, Zhang QL, Michaelis LC, Ozer H, Browning MM, Hynes DM. Trends in anemia management in lung and colon cancer patients in the US Department of Veterans Affairs, 2002-2008. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2012; 20(8): 1649-1657.

Touchette DR, Masica AL, Dolor RJ, Schumock GT, Choi YK, Kim Y, Smith SR. The medication evaluation and drug use problem identification to improve safety in high risk Medicare beneficiaries (MEDIS-MB) study: Main results. Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 2012;52:603-612. Touchette DR, Rao S, Dhru P, Zhao W, Choi Y-K, Bhandari I, Stettin GD. Identification of and intervention to address therapeutic gaps in care in community pharmacies: The Illinois Project. American Journal of Managed Care. 2012;18(10):e364-e371. Touchette DR, Stubbings J, Schumock G. Improving Medication Safety in High Risk Medicare Beneficiaries Toolkit. Effective Healthcare Research Report No. 38. AHRQ Publication No. 12-EHC027-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2012. Touchette DR, Yang Y, Tyriaki F, Galanter W. Economic analysis of alvimopan for prevention and management of post-operative ileus. Pharmacotherapy. 2012;32(2):120-128. Tsai HH, Lin HW, Pickard AS, Tsai HY, Mahady GB. Evaluation of documented drug interactions and contraindications associated with herbs and dietary supplements: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 2012;66(11):1056-1078. van Hout B, Janssen MF, Feng YS, Kohlmann T, Busschbach J, Golicki D, Lloyd A, Scalone L, Kind P, Pickard AS. Interim Scoring for the EQ-5D-5L: Mapping the EQ-5D-5L to EQ-5D-3L Value Sets. Value in Health. 2012;15(5):708-15. Vekeman F, LaMori JC, Laliberté F, Nutescu E, Duh MS, Bookhart BK, Schein J, Dea K, Olson WH, Lefebvre P. In-hospital risk of venous thromboembolism and bleeding and associated costs for patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty. Journal of Medical Economics. 2012;15(4):644-53. Young G, Solem CT, Hoffman K, Kabawat J, Pickard AS, Gut RZ, Cooper DL. Capturing daily assessments and home treatment of congenital hemophilia with inhibitors: design, disposition, and implications of the Dosing Observational Study in Hemophilia (DOSE). Journal of Blood Medicine. 2012;3:131-8. Research Presentations Adimadhyam S, Schumock GT, Walton SM, Joo JL, McKell JL, Lee TA. Increased risk of arrhythmias associated with inhaled anticholinergics in children, adolescents, and young adults with asthma. American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, San Francisco, CA. May 2012. Bathija S, Schumock GT, Sharp L, Gerber B, Fitzgibbon ML, Cavallari LH, Nutescu E. Patient factors affecting non-adherence to anticoagulation therapy in an inner-city underserved minority population. UIC College of Pharmacy Research Day, Chicago, IL. March 8-9, 2012. Bathija S, Schumock GT, Sharp L, Gerber B, Fitzgibbon ML, Cavallari LH, Nutescu E. Patient factors affecting non-adherence to anticoagulation therapy in an inner-city underserved minority population. International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 17th Annual International Meeting, Washington, DC. June 2012. Bunyan A, Lee TA, Au DH, Joo M. Patient characteristics associated with misdiagnosis of COPD in primary care. 2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA, May 2012.

Crawford SY, Ursan ID, Walton SM, Donnelly AJ, Schumock GT. Rural hospital pharmacy services in Illinois: Comparisons between critical access hospitals and small general community hospitals. 47th ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting and Exhibition, Las Vegas, NV. December 2012. Groo VL, Lammers A, Touchette D, Stamos TD. Impact of worsening renal function on resource utilization and medications after diuretic dose escalation in a chronic heart failure ambulatory population. American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL. October 2012. Jalundhwala YJ, Patel PA , Hedlund N, Cheng W, Manzoor B, Patel H, Touchette DR. Evaluating the cost- effectiveness of using boceprevir and telaprevir in the treatment of newly diagnosed hepatitis C genotype 1 patients: A health system perspective. American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL. October 2012. Joo M, Sharp L, Lee TA, Au DH, Fitzgibbon M. Underutilization of spirometry in COPD: a qualitative study of primary care physicians. 2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA, May 2012. Kaestner R, Khan N, Walton SM, Yarnoff B. Evidence for the Impact of off-label drug use: The case of gabapentin. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 17th Annual International Meeting, Washington DC. June 2012. King MT, Costa D, Aaronson N, Brazier JE, Cella D, Fayers P, Peacock S, Pickard AS, Rowens D, Velikova G, Young T, on behalf of the MAUCa Consortium. The development of an internationally valid cancer specific multi-attribute utility instrument (MAUI) from the EORTC core questionnaire, QLQ-C30. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 17th Annual International Meeting, Washington DC. June 2012. Krabbe PFM, Devlin N, Stolk E, Shah K, Oppe M, van Hout B, Pickard S, Xie F. Evidence from four countries on the validity of the discrete choice model in quantifying health-states for the new EQ-5D-5L. International Society of Quality of Life 19th Annual Conference, Budapest, Hungary. October 24-28, 2012. Lin FJ, Lee TA, Wong PS, Pickard AS. Evaluation of changes in guidelines for medication management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA, May 2012. Lin F-J, Patel V, Ojo O, Rao S, Yu S, Zhan L, Touchette DR. Cost-effectiveness analysis of genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and planned percutaneous coronary intervention. American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL. October 2012. Lin FJ, Samp JC, Munoz AR, Wong PS, Pickard AS. Using the PROMs data to understand and interpret changes in EQ-5D scores. International Society of Quality of Life 19th Annual Conference, Budapest, Hungary. October 2012. Lin FJ, Wang PS, Lee TA, Pickard AS. Evaluation of changes in guidelines for medication management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA. May 2012.

McKell JL, Conrad KJ, Joo M, Lee TA. Reliability of a survey to determine primary care physicians perspectives on the use of spirometry for the diagnosis of COPD. 2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA, May 2012. Nutescu EA, DiDomenico R, Bathija S, Grim S, Mucksavage J, Tesoro E, Ohler K, Thielke J, Chan J, Shapiro N, Engle J. Balance of academic responsibilities of clinical track pharmacy faculty in the US. 2012 American College of Clinical Pharmacy Annual meeting. Hollywood, Florida. October, 2012. Pickard AS, Ray S, Ganguli A. Utilities in 6 types of cancer. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 17th Annual International Meeting, Washington DC. June 2012. Rocafort PT, Kshatriya SG, Goliak K, Touchette D. Thinking outside the pillbox: Improving patient adherence through customized medication packaging. American Pharmacists Association 2012 Annual Meeting & Exposition, New Orleans, LA. March 2012. Samp J, Pickard A, Schumock G. Fraudulent studies of medications in the literature: issues, trends and factors. UIC College of Pharmacy Research Day, Chicago, IL. March 2012. (poster) Samp JC, Touchette DR, Marinac JS, Kuo BM. Economic evaluation of the impact of medication errors. Midwest Social & Administrative Pharmacy 2012 Conference, Madison, WI. August 2012. Samp JC, Touchette DR, Marinac JS, Kuo BM. Economic evaluation of the impact of medication errors. American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL. October 2012. Sumino K, O’Brian KK, Bartle B, Au DH, Castro M, Lee TA. Effects of co-existing chronic conditions on mortality and morbidity in adult asthma. 2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA, May 2012. Touchette DR, Dhru P, Zhao W, Choi Y-K, Rao S, Bhandari I, Stettin GD. Identifying and addressing therapeutic gaps in care: The Illinois project. Academy for Managed Care Pharmacy 24th Annual Meeting & Expo, San Francisco, CA. April 2012. Touchette DR, Doloresco F, Suda KJ, Perez A, Turner S, Jalundhwala Y, Tangonan MC, Hoffman JM. Economic evaluations of clinical pharmacy services: 2006-2010. American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting, Hollywood, FL. October 2012. Ursan I, Crawford S, Walton A, Donnelly A, Schumock G. Trends in pharmacy practice in Illinois small and rural hospitals over the past two decades. UIC College of Pharmacy Research Day, Chicago, IL. March 2012. Ursan ID, Crawford SY, Walton SM, Donnelly AJ, Schumock GT. Trends in pharmacy practice in Illinois small and rural hospitals over the past two decades. 47th ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting and Exhibition, Las Vegas, NV. December 2012. Ursan ID, Nutescu EA, Schumock GT, Touchette DR. Cost-effectiveness of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and warfarin for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. 47th ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting and Exhibition, Las Vegas, NV. December 3, 2012.

Walton SM, Mollberg NM, Kayashan B, Berman K, Merlotti G, Vafa A. Duplex Ultrasound for Proximity Penetrating Trauma: A Cost Ineffective Strategy? American Society for Health Economics, Minneapolis, MN. June 2012. Invited Presentations DiDomenico RJ. Implementation of Clopidogrel Pharmacogenetics at the University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System. Part of panel discussion, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL. June 2012. DiDomenico RJ. APhA CV Workshop: Helpful Hints to Make Your Curriculum Vitae Noteworthy. University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL. April 2012. DiDomenico RJ. Implementing Quality Measures Across the Continuum: Success in the Inpatient Setting. American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) Annual Meeting: 0.15 CEU (ACPE Universal Program #0217-0000-12-105-L04-P), Hollywood, CA. October 2012. DiDomenico RJ. UIC Curriculum Revision Update. Presented to University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy National Advisory Board, Chicago, IL. April 2012. Lee TA. Health Economics and Patient Health Outcomes Research (HEOR). The International Publication Planning Association 2012 Midwest Meeting, Chicago, IL. July 2012. Lieu T, Albert RK, Krishnan JK, Goss CH, Bush A, Gerald JK, Lee TA. Pro-Con Debate: Comparative Effectiveness Research: Fool’s Gold or Promised Land. Lee TA: Cost-effectiveness from CER studies should be used to guide treatment decisions: CON. Symposium, 2012 American Thoracic Society International Conference, San Francisco, CA. May 2012. Nutescu EA. Apixaban is the Preferred Agent to Prevent Stroke Due to Atrial Fibrillation in a Treatment Naïve Patient; Part of: A ‘Bloody’ Debate – Which Agent is Best to Prevent Stroke in a Treatment Naïve Atrial Fibrillation Patient ? Invited Faculty/Debater: American Society of Health System Pharmacists 47th Midyear Clinical Meeting, (ACPE Accredited) Las Vegas, NV. December 3, 2012 Nutescu EA. Considerations for Inpatient Initiation of Warfarin Therapy and the Role of Genetic Testing. Invited Faculty: Department of Neurosurgery Research Meeting. The University of Illinois at Chicago Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL. January 11, 2012. Nutescu EA. Differentiating New Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention; Part of: Treating Your Patient with Novel Oral Anticoagulants. Invited Faculty: American Society of Health System Pharmacists 47th Midyear Clinical Meeting, (ACPE Accredited) Las Vegas, NV. December 6, 2012. Nutescu EA. Emerging Treatment Options for the Reversal of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Invited Program Chair and Faculty: American Society of Health System Pharmacists 47th Midyear Clinical Meeting, (ACPE Accredited) Las Vegas, NV. December 3, 2012. Nutescu EA. Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Venous Thrombosis and Atrial Fibrillation: Updated Recommendations for the Pharmacist. Invited Faculty: 24th Annual American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Midwest Regional Conference, (ACPE Accredited) OakBrook Hills, IL. July 21, 2012.

Nutescu EA. Updates in National Antithrombotic Therapy Guidelines: Chest 2012. Invited Faculty: Illinois Pharmacists Association Annual Meeting, (ACPE Accredited) Lisle, IL. September 21, 2012. Pickard AS. Developing, Using and Valuing a More Refined EQ-5D: the EQ-5D-5L. International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Washington DC. June 2-6, 2012 Pickard AS. Developments in Assessing and Valuing Health Using Patient-Reported Outcome Tools. Chicago Regional Chapter of ISPOR. Chicago, IL. May 2, 2012. Pickard AS. International use of the EQ-5D. European Society for Medical Decision Making. Oslo, Norway. June 12-13, 2012. Schumock GT. Approaches to Studying Drug Safety: The Case of Leukotriene-Modifying Agents and Suicide. Department of Health Studies Weekly Seminar, Division of Biological Sciences. University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. November 14, 2012. Schumock GT. Approaches to Studying Drug Safety: The Case of Leukotriene-Modifying Agents and Suicide. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Weekly Seminar, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL. December 7, 2012. Schumock GT. Industry and Academia: A Health Marriage? 2012 Midwest Meeting of The International Publication Planning Association (TIPPA). Chicago, IL. July 24, 2012. Schumock GT. Principles for Pharmacoeconomics. Keio University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan. July 9-12, 2012. Schumock GT. Red Pill or Blue Pill? Comparative Effectiveness and Patient-Centered Outcomes Research. Symposium titled “Research for Better Patient Outcomes: What Librarians Should Know”, Greater Midwest Region, National Network of Libraries of Medicine, Chicago, IL. November 15, 2012. Schumock GT. Using IMS Data to Study Drug Safety: The Case of Leukotriene-Modifying Agents and Suicide. IMS Health Inc., and IMS Institute for Health Informatics, Collegeville, PA. December 6, 2012 Stubbings J. Health Insurance, the Affordable Care Act, and the Clinician in Training. Health Professions Student Council, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL. September 11, 2012 and April 19, 2012. Stubbings J. How to Establish Specialty Pharmacy Services in Your Health System: Experience From the Field (moderator). 47th American Society of Health System Pharmacists, Las Vegas, NV. December 3, 2012. Stubbings J. Life After 2014: The Affordable Care Act and the Future of Pharmacy. Northern Illinois Council of Health System Pharmacists, Downers Grove, IL. November 14, 2012. Stubbings J. Nuts and Bolts of Implementing Specialty Pharmacy Services in a Health System. 47th American Society of Health System Pharmacists, Las Vegas, NV. December 3, 2012. Stubbings J. Payment for MTM: Show Me the Money. UIC Student Chapter for the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Chicago, IL. February 15, 2012.

Touchette DR, Tilton J. Sticking with What Works: Helping Patients Adhere to Medications. American Pharmacists Association 2012 Annual Meeting & Exposition. New Orleans, LA. March 2012. Touchette DR. The ACCP PBRN. “Ask the Experts” Roundtable Session, American College of Clinical Pharmacy 2012 Annual Meeting. Hollywood, FL. October 2012.

E. Training As a leading research center, the CPR seeks to promote the advancement of research in pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmaceutical comparative effectiveness by providing post-doctoral research training fellowships and other experiences. Fellowships Fellowships have been offered by the CPR for more than a decade and past CPR fellows/trainees have gone on to successful careers in the pharmaceutical industry, academia, managed care, and consulting sectors. The CPR had 3 fellows are various stages in their programs in 2012. Table E1. CPR fellow program graduates Fellow Year/s Program Sponsor Grace Shin 1999-2001 Pharmacia Bhakti Arondekar 2000-2002 Pharmacia Melissa Butler 2001-2003 Pfizer Nima Patel (now Shori) (PGY2) 2001-2002 VA/TAP Hayley Park 2002-2004 Walgreens Juan Blackburn 2003-2005 UIC Shiraz Gupta 2005-2007 TAP Vikrant Vats 2005-2008 UIC/Walgreens Alexandra Perez (now Rivera) 2006-2008 UIC Robert Wittenberg 2007-2008 Takeda Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2007-2010 Novo Nordisk Yoojung Yang 2008-2011 UIC/Takeda Charisse DeLeon 2008-2009 Takeda Firas Dabbous 2009-2010 Takeda Funda Tiryaki 2009-2011 UIC Rima Tawk 2010-2012 Takeda Jennifer Samp (current) 2011-2013 Takeda Hari Patel (current) 2012-2014 Takeda K-Award Trainees Faculty of the CPR have been involved as mentors for individuals participating in both individual and institutional K-award programs. In fact, the CPR offers an institutional K-program of its own. The program, which is funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), is called the KM1 Career Development Awards in Comparative Effectiveness Research and it is a joint effort between University of Chicago and the CPR at UIC. There have been two trainees at UIC, as shown in the table below. In addition, CPR faculty have served as primary mentors for individual K-awards – two of these also in 2012. Table E2. K-award trainees Trainee Year/s Sponsor Primary Mentor Bharati Prasad, MD 2011-2013 NCI Todd Lee Anna Porter, MD 2011-2013 NCI Todd Lee Min Joo, MD 2009-2014 NHLBI Todd Lee Rahul Khare, MD 2010-2015 AHRQ Todd Lee

Certificate Training The CPR offers a certificate in pharmacoeconomics. The program is designed for professional working in pharmaceutical industry seeking to gain an understanding of the field of pharmacoeconomics. The program self-paced and includes readings and one-on-one interaction with CPR faculty members. There was one student in the program in 2012 (not completed). Table E3. CPR certificate program graduates Trainee Year Program Sponsor Antonios Kontemeniotis 2004 Cyprus Ministry of Health Philip Yeung 2006 Santarus Inc Vivianne Yeung 2007 Singapore National Cancer Centre Shyamala Narayanaswamy 2008 Singapore General Hospital Anthony Eti-Ukwu 2009 Nigerian Ministry of Health Dawn Koselleck 2012 (current) Abbott Laboratories Graduate Training While the CPR itself does not offer a graduate program, the CPR faculty serve as advisors or thesis/dissertation committee chairs/members for students enrolled in Master or PhD programs on campus. In 2012 two students completed such programs who had a CPR faculty member as their major advisor. Table E4. MS/PhD program graduates with CPR faculty advisors Graduate Year

Completed Degree Major Advisor

Sudhir Sanugale 2001 MS Surrey Walton Yu (Nancy) Ko 2003 MS Swu-Jane Lin Bhakti Arondekar 2004 PhD Surrey Walton Mehul Dalal 2006 PhD Simon Pickard Chaitanya Sarawate 2003 MS Surrey Walton Shih-Ying (Audrey) Hung 2005 MS Simon Pickard Xue Grace Chiou 2009 MS Surrey Walton Nasreen Khan 2006 PhD Swu-Jane Lin Zhixiao (Jason) Wang 2006 PhD Surrey Walton Eunmi Jung 2007 MS Simon Pickard Xiaoyan (Charlene) Ying 2007 MS Surrey Walton Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2007 MS Simon Pickard Hongjun Yin 2006 PhD Swu-Jane Lin Hsiang-Wen (Margaret) Lin 2008 PhD Simon Pickard Alexandra Perez (now Rivera) 2009 MS Surrey Walton Shengsheng Yu 2009 MS James Shaw Yash J. Jalundhwala 2010 MS James Shaw Xiaoqing (Frank) Liu 2010 PhD Surrey Walton Caitlyn Wilke (now Solem) 2010 PhD Simon Pickard Yoojung Yang 2010 MS Glen Schumock Xiaochen Luo 2011 MS James Shaw Sruthi Adimadhyam 2012 MS Glen Schumock Jennifer Samp 2012 MS Simon Pickard

Seminars The CPR seeks to advance understanding of pharmaceutical outcomes research by sponsoring seminars, webinars, and other learning opportunities. Table E5 provides a list of such programs in 2012. Table E5. Seminars sponsored by CPR in 2012 Date Series

Name Speaker Name Institution Title

01/19/2012 HOSS1 Bharati Prasad, MD

UIC Comparative Effectiveness of Ambulatory Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea in an Urban Population

01/19/2012 DMW2 John Brooks, PhD U. Iowa Squeezing the balloon: propensity scores and unmeasured covariate balancing

02/10/2012 Special Seminar

Dan Malone, PhD U. Arizona What are clinically important drug interactions and how can we prevent them?

02/16/2012 HOSS David Cella, MD Northwestern U. Putting the “patient” in patient-centered outcomes research and health care reform

02/16/2012 DMW Til Sturmer, MD, PhD

U. North Carolina Propensity score trimming

03/02/2012 Special Seminar3

Vijay Khiani, MD UIC Advances in patient-centered outcomes of gastroesophageal reflux disease

03/15/2012 HOSS Denise Hynes UIC Chronic kidney disease outcomes in a VA population

03/22/2012 DMW S. Darren Toh, ScD Harvard U. Adjusting for non-adherence 04/04/2012 Special

Seminar David Veenstra, PharmD, PhD

U. Washington Comparative effectiveness and whole gene sequencing

04/19/2012 HOSS Lucy Bilaver, PhD 04/19/2012 DMW Patrick Arbogast,

PhD Kaiser Permanente Northwest

Selecting between propensity scores and disease risk scores

04/20/2012 Special Seminar

Jeff Johnson, PhD U. Alberta Diabetes, its treatments, and cancer

05/17/2012 DMW Stephen Soumerai, ScD

Harvard U. Evaluating healthcare delivery systems

09/20/2012 HOSS Joshua Hemmerich, MD

U. Chicago Patient and surgeon decision making for early stage lung cancer

09/20/2012 DMW Deborah Zucker, MD, PhD

Tufts U. N-of-1 trials and how they can be used

10/18/2012 HOSS Anna Porter, MD, MS

UIC Home dialysis dose and sleep apnea severity

10/18/2012 DMW Mark van der Lann, PhD

U. California-Berkley

Targeted maximum likelihood

11/15/2012 HOSS Gavin Hougham, PhD

U. Chicago Order effects in the resolution of stabilization indicators in community-acquired pneumonia

11/15/2012 DMW Eric Johnson, PhD, Kaiser Challenges in predictive modeling

MPH Permanente Northwest

12/12/2012 DMW Sebastian Schneeweiss, MD, ScD

Harvard U. Sensitivity analysis in CER

1 HOSS = Health Outcomes Seminar Series. This is jointly sponsored by CPR and the UIC Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS) 2 DMW = DEcIDE Methods Webinar. Participation in this webinar series is made available through the Chicago-Area DEcIDE Center which is coordinated by the CPR 3 Special Seminar = These are seminars arranged by the CPR and the UIC COP Office of Development

F. Achievement of Strategic Goals In 2011 the CPR faculty set strategic goals for the 5-year period 2012-2016. These goals and initial progress toward each is provided below. 1. Research Goal: Increase research funding by Center faculty. Metric: 3-year average annual total research funding will increase by 25% over next 5 years. Potential mechanisms: increase research support staff/infrastructure, establish data resources for retrospective research, increase number of Center faculty/affiliates. Progress. The 2009-2011 3-year average was $1,706,553. The 2010-2012 3-year average was $1,251,546. This is a 27% decrease. 2. Dissemination Goal: Increase dissemination and influence of Center research findings over next 5 years. Metric: The average H-index of CPR faculty will increase by 25% over next 5 years. Potential mechanisms: publish in higher impact journals, increase quantity of publications, increase number of research presentation, increase number of invited presentations. Progress. The average H-index for CPR faculty was 15.25 (range 4-23) in 2012 (source: UICollaboratory). The H-index for CPR faculty was 10.4 (range 4-19) in 2011 (source: Todd Lee). This is a 46.6% increase. 3. Training Goal: Increase the post-graduate research training activities of the Center over the next 5 years. Metric: Number of post-graduate trainees will increase by 25% over next 5 years, including fellows, certificate trainees, K-awardees mentored, graduate students advised, and others. Potential mechanisms: seek opportunities to expand number of sponsored fellowships, re-package/market certificate program, develop certificate programs in other areas (pharmacoepidemiology or CER). Progress. The number of trainees in 2011 was 8 (3 fellows, 4 k-awardees, 0 certificate trainees, 1 graduate student). The number of trainees in 2012 was 10 (3 fellows, 4 k-awardees, 1 certificate trainees, 2 graduate student). This is a 25% increase. 4. Organizational Goal: Ensure frequent communication among Center faculty members over next 5 years. Metric: Frequency of Center faculty meetings, webinars, seminars, and other formal interactions will increase at least 25% over next 5 years. Potential mechanisms: schedule regular faculty meetings, seek opportunities for additional seminars or other meetings, hold annual retreat. Progress. In 2011 there were 3 faculty meetings plus one retreat. In 2011 there were 14 seminars. The CPR sponsored or coordinated 20 seminar programs in 2012. The CPR had 6 faculty meeting in 2012. This is a 44% increase. 5. Collaboration Goal: Increase the frequency of collaboration by Center faculty with others in the University and elsewhere. Metric: Total number of collaborations with increase by 25% over next 5 years. Potential mechanisms: seek opportunities for collaborations with PMPR clinical faculty and residents, seek opportunities to collaborate with other departments/colleges, and outside UIC, increase local presentations by CPR faculty.

Progress. In 2012 CPR collaborated with 18 and 13.5 internal (UIC) individuals and departments respectively and 107 and 75.25 external individuals and departments/institutions respectively (source: UICollaboratory). Data for 2011 not available.