Annual Report 2002-2003 - ISSI · Annual Report 1st July 2002–30 June 2003 ISSI is an international Institute of Advanced Studies located in Switzerland. Its main task is to contribute

Annual Report 2002-2003

Annual Report1st July 2002–30 June 2003

ISSI is an international Institute of Advanced Studies located in Switzerland. Itsmain task is to contribute to the achievement of a deeper understanding of theresults of space research missions, adding value through multi-disciplinary re-search in an atmosphere of international cooperation.

Contents

Who is who? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

From the President of the Board ofTrustees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

From the leaving Executive Director . . . . 4

From the new Executive Director . . . . . . . . . 6

From the Directors: The Eighth Year . . . . 8

About ISSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Governing and Supporting Bodies. . . . . . . . . . 9Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

ISSI’s Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Financial Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

About Pro-ISSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13The SPATIUM Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13The new President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Scientific Activities: The Eighth Year . 14The Programme and the Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Workshops and Working Groups . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Heliosperic Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Solar-Terrestrial Physics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Solar Wind and Solar Processes . . . . . . . . 18Astrophysics and Cosmology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Planetary Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Earth Sciences from Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

International Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Newly Approved Future Teams . . . . . . . . . 27

Visiting Scientists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Events, Seminars, and Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Special Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29ISSI Scientific Seminars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30ISSI in the Media. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Staff Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Staff Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Visitor Publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Special Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44The Century of Space Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Interstellar Dust and the Heliosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

ISSI Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Space Sciences Series of ISSI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Published Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Forthcoming Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

ISSI Scientific Report Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Published Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Forthcoming Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Pro-ISSI SPATIUM Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Published in the 8th Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Auroral Plasma Physics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Solar System History from IsotopicSignatures of Volatile Elements. . . . . . . . 50The Radiometric Calibrationof SOHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Impressum and Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

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Who is who?

Board of Trustees

Hanspeter Schneiter, Industrial Ombudsmanfor ESA, Zürich, Switzerland, President

Hans Balsiger, University of Bern,Switzerland

David Bohlin, NASA, Washington D.C., USALennard A. Fisk, University of Michigan, Ann

Arbor, USAHeinrich Leutwyler, University of Bern,

SwitzerlandReimar Lüst, Max-Planck-Institut für

Meteorologie, Hamburg, GermanyHiroki Matsuo, ISAS, Kanagawa, JapanClaude Nicollier, ESA/NASA, Houston, USAJohannes Ortner, International Space

University, Strasbourg, FrancePatrick Piffaretti, Swiss Space Office, Bern,

SwitzerlandDavid Southwood, ESA, Paris, FranceUrs Würgler, University of Bern, SwitzerlandLev M. Zelenyi, Russian Academy of

Sciences, Moscow, RussiaHansjörg Schläpfer, Contraves Space AG,

Zürich, Switzerland, Secretary of theBoard

Board of the Association Pro-ISSI

Heinrich Leutwyler, University of Bern,Switzerland, President

Hansjörg Schläpfer, Contraves Space AG,Zürich, Switzerland, Treasurer

Kathrin Altwegg, University of Bern,Switzerland

Hans Balsiger, University of Bern,Switzerland

Hansjörg Mey, Ascom AG, Bern, SwitzerlandHanspeter Schneiter, Industrial Ombudsman

for ESA, Zürich, SwitzerlandGustav A. Tammann, University of Basel,

Switzerland

Directors and Staff

Roger Maurice Bonnet, Executive Directorfrom 1st January 2003

Johannes Geiss, Executive Director to 31st

December 2002; Honorary Director from1st January 2003

Götz Paschmann, DirectorRudolf von Steiger, DirectorBrigitte Fasler, SecretaryStein Håland, Junior ScientistReinald Kallenbach, Staff ScientistVittorio Manno, Institute Programme

ManagerAnuschka Pauluhn, Junior ScientistUrsula Pfander, Editorial Assistant Saliba F. Saliba, Computer Engineer and

System AdministratorSilvia Wenger, Secretary

Science Committee

Risto Pellinen, Finnish MeteorologicalInstitute, Helsinki, Finland, Chairman

André Balogh, Imperial College, London,United Kingdom

Marek Banaszkiewicz, Space ResearchCentre, Warsaw, Poland

Angioletta Coradini, Istituto di AstrofisicaSpaziale, CNR, Rome, Italy

Thérèse Encrenaz, Observatoire de Paris,France

Lennard A. Fisk, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, USA

Bengt Hultqvist, Swedish Institute of SpacePhysics, Kiruna, Sweden

Rosine Lallement, Institut d’Aéronomie,CNRS, Verrières-le-Buisson, France

Samuel Leutwyler, University of Bern,Switzerland

Gustav A. Tammann, University of Basel,Switzerland

Toshio Terasawa, University of Tokyo,Japan

Heinz Völk, Max-Planck-Institut fürKernphysik, Germany

Lev M. Zelenyi, Russian Academy ofSciences, Moscow, Russia

Status at the end of the eighth business year (30 June 2003). For a current list, please visit the ISSI web-site at www.issi.unibe.ch.

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From the President of the Board of TrusteesThe eighth year of operation of our small but fine institute is over. Once again, wecannot but notice that it has been a dynamic one, filled with highly successfulactivities, convening many well-known members of the international space sciencecommunity.

The most important event from an organisational point of view, was the change inISSI’s Executive Directorate. Prof. Johannes Geiss, stepping back from this position,after having lead it so professionally since its creation in 1995, has received a me-morable farewell with the ISSI dinner on November 20th, 2002. On January 1st, 2003,Prof. Roger M. Bonnet has taken over the lead of ISSI with an extraordinary senseof assuring continuity and injecting new ideas. If changes in the top managementof industry, banking and international organisations would be similarly successful,confidence of the public and stockholders would not have been lost so regrettablyover the last years.

Some major changes have to be registered concerning the composition of the Boardof Trustees of the ISSI foundation. Prof. A. A. Galeev, IKI, an early and active mem-ber of the board, together with Prof. B. Hauck and Dr. M. J. Waldis had expressedtheir desire not to be re-elected in spring 2003. Whilst Prof. Galeev will be succeed-ed by Prof. L. M. Zelenyi from the Russian Academy of Sciences, the representationof the international science community will be filled up by Prof. L. A. Fisk. Dr. G.Riegler from NASA is replaced by Dr. J. D. Bohlin from NASA Head Quarters becausehe has been appointed chief scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center in California.Further to that, Dr. S. Berthet, representing the Swiss Federal Department of HomeAffairs is replaced by Mr. P. Piffaretti, the head of the Swiss Space Office in Bern.

In ISSI’s Science Committee, some changes were due. New members replacing oth-ers have been elected at the Board meeting of June 13th, 2003. They will occupytheir position immediately, i.e. with the start of ISSI’s ninth business year.

A special effort became necessary to assure continuity of financial support for ISSIby ESA. The Executive Director together with your president submitted a respec-tive request to the science directorate of the agency. ESA’s official approvalreached us by the end of the eighth business year.

Last but not least, special efforts in the area of public relations have to be men-tioned: Number 10 of the SPATIUM bulletin, an invitation at the occasion of thelaunching of ESA’s MARS EXPRESS probe and the appearance of the large book TheCentury of Space Science with major contributions from ISSI.

H. SchneiterJuly 2003

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At the end of 2002, Professor Roger Maurice Bonnet succeeded me as Executive Directorof the International Space Science Institute. I am very pleased for his accepting thisposition. Given his outstanding reputation as a science leader, ISSI will, under his direc-tion, further strengthen its role as an institute of advanced studies in the space sci-ences.

Consultations about ISSI began in the late 1980s, but the decisive year was 1994: theAssociation Pro-ISSI issued a brochure outlining its plans for creating in Switzerland aSpace Science Institute that would be funded internationally. The role envisioned forthis institute was formulated as follows:

“It is proposed to create an “International Space Science Institute (ISSI)” —along the lines of an advanced-studies institute — (…) that will enable spacescience experimenters, using different instruments, often flown on differentspacecraft in a wide variety of orbits, to pool their data and their knowledgein order to be able to interpret their scientific results in a broader context.Theorists and modelers working at ISSI in direct contact with the experimenterswould gain a greater understanding of the potential — and limitations — of theavailable data, enabling them to identify crucial checks on their theories ormodels. ISSI is also intended to foster the comparative interpretation of resultsfrom space missions with observations from the ground and with laboratorydata. Perhaps the most important aim for ISSI Iies in its interdisciplinarity, pro-viding the means to draw as necessary on the methods and arguments of theappropriate branches of physics, astronomy, chemistry and earth sciences…”

Based on this brochure, the IACG supported the creation of ISSI, and the EuropeanSpace Agency, the Canton of Bern and the Swiss Federal Government decided to fundit.

An Evaluation Group, established by ESA in 1998 and chaired by Martin Rees ofCambridge University, issued a very positive report about ISSI’s performance. ESA alsopolled the scientific community directly, yielding near-unanimous support for ISSI.Since that time, we at ISSI feel to have a strong and direct mandate from the scientif-ic community.

We developed ISSI pretty much along the lines given in the 1994 brochure. Broad inter-national participation and interdisciplinarity became trademarks of the institute. Spacemissions often yield results in more than one scientific domain. Thus, intelligentexploitation of the data of such missions will counteract specialisation and help toreveal the universality of natural laws and processes.

ISSI’s focus has been the Solar System, but we strove to build bridges between SolarSystem Science, Fundamental Physics, Astronomy and the Earth Sciences. The compo-sition of ISSI Teams and many of their publications reflect our aim to bring togetherpeople of differing background. Bridge building across disciplinary boundaries is alsoevident in many SSSI volumes. Other volumes, more disciplinary in character, presentin-depth discussions of important subjects. So far, more than 900 visitors from all overthe world have worked at ISSI, and numerous papers in scientific journals, 16 SSSI vol-umes and 2 Scientific Reports testify to the intense working habits at the institute. Theengagement of the visitors has made ISSI a success, and their dedication to science hasgreatly contributed to the spirit and intellectual atmosphere in the institute.

It is a pleasure to thank all those who supported ISSI’s creation and who helped me dur-ing my years as Executive Director. In particular, I thank my Co-Directors BengtHultqvist, Götz Paschmann and Rudolf von Steiger and the ISSI staff for years of won-

From the leaving Executive Director

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derful cooperation. I am obliged to the members of the Science Committee, chairedearlier by David Southwood and now by Risto Pellinen for valuable advice and activeparticipation in ISSI projects. I thank the Chair of the Board of Trustees, HanspeterSchneiter and the Board members for their advise and support, during Board meetings,as well as in personal contacts and negotiations.

I wish ISSI all the best for the future.

Johannes Geiss

July 2003

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From the new Executive DirectorThe Board of Trustees of ISSI, under its president Mr. H. Schneiter, has appointed meExecutive Director of ISSI as of January 1st 2003, succeeding Professor J. Geiss, thefounding Executive Director of the Institute since its creation, back in 1995. ProfessorGeiss has made ISSI what it is today: an Advanced Study Institute of very high interna-tional reputation, appreciated by the scientific community not only in Europe butthroughout the world.

No doubt that the early success of ISSI, which can be measured through its products,the books of the Space Sciences Series of ISSI, as well as through the very large num-ber of the scientists who participated in its activities, is due to the high scientific pro-file of Professor Geiss, to the eclectic nature and breadth of his scientific interests, ofhis achievements in physics and particularly in space science. Succeeding such a high-ly internationally respected scientific figure is not easy and I certainly do not underes-timate the challenge confronting me as I take this new responsibility.

In fact, replacing Professor Geiss is impossible. He and I are very different but in asense, we are complementary. This is the reason why I am so pleased that he accept-ed to stay in the Institute as Honorary Director. In this way, I can benefit from his expe-rience and from his knowledge of the Swiss national rules and political circles that gov-ern ISSI. These differences add to the challenge of ensuring both continuity in the activ-ities and of opening them to new areas.

Indeed, since its creation, ISSI has followed a very successful evolution and has playedan increasingly important role on the scene of space science. However, we presentlyobserve a turning point in space activities, not only in Europe, but also world wide, andit is important that the role the Institute can play at this moment in time is re-addressed. This requires a reflection on its future.

For example, the Inter-Agency Consultative Group (for space science), under whoseaegis ISSI was born, is today severely challenged and even threatened of disappearing.On the other hand, new international programmes are now starting between the tradi-tional institutional partners of ISSI such as the International Living with a Star pro-gramme (ILWS). Following the progress of space sciences, new disciplines open whichwere not even mentioned eight years ago, such as astrobiology. A strong interestappears also in the field of Earth sciences. It is therefore of no surprise that these dis-ciplines show up clearly as very appealing domains for ISSI.

Therefore, the first thing I undertook a few days after I took my duties was to convenea “brain storming” meeting to analyse the future orientations and ways of running ofISSI. This group included several senior advisers and science managers of ESA and NASA,as well as independent scientists from Switzerland and other parts of Europe, includ-ing the chairman of ISSI’s science committee, Professor Risto Pellinen, as well as thedirectors and the staff of the Institute.

The outcome of the meeting was to reconfirm the vocation of ISSI as Institute ofAdvanced Studies in space sciences, of the highest scientific level, at the service of thescience community. The possible introduction of astrobiology, planetary sciences, Sun-Earth relations and Earth sciences was also stressed as well as the importance of open-ing the Institute to young visiting scientists in post doctoral positions, a necessity if newdisciplines are introduced without considering an increase of the permanent staff.Furthermore, the role of the science committee in the selection of these disciplineswas claimed to be reinforced as well as the necessity of introducing open competitionin the selection of future activities.

As a consequence, several actions were immediately undertaken. An announcement ofopportunity for new Teams was released on 14 March which resulted in the submissionof 33 proposals, in due time on 2 May, from which the science committee at its

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12–13 June meeting, selected 13, evidencing an over subscription of nearly a factor of3, and clearly indicating that the process was indeed a success! Also, several dedicat-ed meetings were organised in order to prospect the interest that ISSI could representfor the new disciplines, in particular with the chairman of the ILWS SteeringCommittee, Dr. H. Opgenoorth, the Director of ESA’s Earth Observation Programme, Dr.J. Achache and the Director of the Spanish Centre for Astrobiology, Dr. J. Perez-Mercader. The process is ongoing and I will describe its outcome in the next annualreport.

2003 was also a key year for ISSI’s budget as reported in the next section. It is clearthat times are more difficult now than in the past and that the efficiency of our finan-cial and administrative procedures must be reinforced. It is therefore my intention toimprove it wherever necessary. It is also my intention to stress the role that ISSI canplay at the service of its “share holders”: the Swiss authorities, the University of Bern,as well as ESA and its scientific community. In that respect I intend to strengthen thelinks with the Ministry of Science and Education and the Swiss Space Office, after myfirst two successful encounters with State Secretary Ch. Kleiber and Mr. P. Piffaretti,and to analyse with them how could ISSI act better for the benefit of Science,Switzerland and Europe.

At this stage, it is for me a pleasure to express my gratitude and admiration to Prof.Geiss for his leadership of ISSI, for his role in creating such an important and uniqueasset for space scientists throughout the world, and in selecting a superb and fully ded-icated staff. It is also my pleasure to acknowledge the friendship and excellent co-oper-ation I had with the Board of Trustees and its chairman, Mr. H. Schneiter, as well as withthe Science Committee. I thank all of them for the trust they place in me and I wish tocontinue working with them and the staff of ISSI, with the same positive and undertak-ing spirit in the forthcoming years.

Roger Maurice Bonnet

July 2003

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From the Directors: The Eighth YearDuring the 8th year of ISSI two volumes appeared in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI(SSSI): Volume 15 on Auroral Plasma Physics, an integrated volume by 32 authorsresulting from a multi-workshop project, and Volume 16 on Solar System History fromIsotopic Signatures of Volatile Elements, the result of a workshop in January 2002. Athird volume was completed and delivered to the publisher, and it will appear asVolume 17 on Earth Gravity Field from Space — From Sensors to Earth Sciences inthe fall of 2003.

Two ISSI workshops were held during the past year:In September 2002 we dislocated to the alpine village Saas Fee to hold a workshop out-side our premises for the first time. The topic was about Planetary Systems andPlanets in Systems, and it was organised to celebrate the 60th birthday of our colleagueMichel Mayor, discoverer of the first extrasolar planet in 1995.In March 2003 a new multi-workshop project was started with a first meeting onMagnetospheric Boundaries and Turbulence, which is making heavy use of the newtype of data that ESA’s Cluster mission is delivering.

The working group dealing with the Radiometric Inter-Calibration of SOHO had con-cluded its activities in the previous business year, and in the fall of 2002 the resultingbook appeared in the ISSI Scientific Report Series (SR) as its second volume. A newworking group addressing Calibration Techniques of In-Situ Plasma Instrumentationwas set up and met twice during the 8th year. It is also working towards a volume in theReport Series, which is expected to appear in 2004.

The ISSI Teams programme continued steadily, with 109 participants in 18 active teamsspending a total of 162 workweeks at ISSI. Numerous publications in the refereed liter-ature resulted from these activities (see Visitor Publications). As explained in the pre-vious section, the procedure for proposing and selecting ISSI Teams was revised andsomewhat formalised. The 11 teams that were selected last June (and possibly the twothat are on hold) will now gradually replace the 7 that are still active from earlierselections, and next year this process will be repeated by issuing a new call and mak-ing a new selection.

Three important financial decisions fell during the 8th year, and all were positive: First,the contract with the University of Bern to finance one of the directors (RvS) wasextended through mid-2007, then the support by the Swiss Confederation was securedthrough mid-2008 by agreement with the new director of the Swiss Space Office, P.Piffaretti, and finally the support from ESA will be continued for three more years(through mid-2007) by decision of the Science Programme Committee last May. We arevery pleased and thankful for the continued commitment of these bodies. A decision ofthe Swiss National Science Foundation about the level of its support during the nextthree years is expected shortly.

There were no changes in the ISSI staff during the past business year other than thechange of the Executive Directorship that was mentioned on the preceding pages. Wethank our staff members for their dedicated work at our institute.

Roger Maurice Bonnet

Rudolf von Steiger

Johannes Geiss

Götz Paschmann

9

Set up in Bern in January 1995 as afoundation under Swiss law with anendowment of Contraves Space AG, theInternational Space Science Institute(ISSI) is governed by three bodies: theBoard of Trustees, the Directorate, andthe Science Committee. A fourth impor-tant body, the association Pro-ISSI, fur-thers the idea of ISSI, especially withinSwitzerland.

ISSI is a nonprofit organisation and re-ceived tax-exempt status from theCanton of Bern in May 1995.

ISSI is funded by the European SpaceAgency (ESA), the Swiss Confederation,the University of Bern, and — by a grantto its Directors — the Swiss NationalScience Foundation.

Governing and SupportingBodies

ISSI’s Board of Trustees supervises thework of the Institute, controls the budg-et, and appoints the Directors andmembers of the Science Committee.Made up of representatives of the Inter-Agency Consultative Group (IACG)member agencies (www.iacg.org),the scientific community, Swiss indus-try, and the Swiss government, theBoard was again presided over byHanspeter Schneiter, Industrial Om-budsman of the European Space Agency(ESA). The Board met twice during theeighth business year, on 20 November2002 and 13 June 2003.

The Science Committee is made up ofinternationally known scientists activein the fields covered by ISSI and pro-vides advice and support to theDirectorate in the establishment of thescience programme. Members servethree-year terms. Albert A. Galeev,Russian Academy of Sciences, SpaceResearch Institute, Moscow, Russia,gave his resignation during the eighthbusiness year. The Science Committeemet twice, on 19-20 November 2002,and on 12-13 June 2003.

The Directorate is in charge of the sci-entific, operational and administrativedirection of the Institute. The Directo-rate during the eighth year consisted ofthree Directors, but saw a change in themiddle of the year: Johannes Geiss,Executive Director until the end of 2002was succeeded by Roger MauriceBonnet, Executive Director from 1st

January 2003. Götz Paschmann andRudolf von Steiger remained in theirpositions.

The Association Pro-ISSI, founded inspring 1994, has nearly 100 members.Pro-ISSI promotes the idea of ISSI byorganising public lectures, where inter-nationally known space scientists intro-duce their results. Summaries of thesetalks are published about twice a yearin its journal SPATIUM. Member benefitsinclude invitation to lectures and a freesubscription to SPATIUM.

A list of the board members of ISSI’sfour bodies at the end of June 2003 maybe found on page 2.

About ISSI

ISSI’s website may be found at www.issi.unibe.ch.

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Infrastructure

The Institute provides a heterogeneousworkstation environment with a total ofthirty-eight personal computers andeight notebooks. The workgroup net-work is part of the University’s localarea network, so that its resources(e.g., the SUN, Linux cluster server,license server and special peripherals)are available as well. With the locallyinstalled computer peripherals, theInstitute’s staff and guest scientists areable to perform most computing tasksand access the Internet.

The network consists of the following:

1) Three servers — Linux, Windows NT4and Sun, 2) Twenty-one PCs, four of which runboth Linux and Windows, 3) Eight Sun computers which runSolaris 2.5.1, 7, and 8, 4) Six Mac computers, four of which runboth Mac OS 9 and the new Mac OSXJaguar, 5) Eight laptops or portable computers.

The infrastructure of ISSI has undergonemany changes during the eighth year.For example, new video conferencecapabilities and facilities were added.The following items were purchased: anew mobile projector, five new PCs andfour new notebooks with Windows XPPro and one new Mac with the new MacOSX Jaguar. For safety reasons, newsafety power boxes were bought againstlightning and power surge. The oldscanner was replaced with a top qualitymodel that also supports scanning ofnegatives and slides. Finally the numberof IP addresses ISSI uses for the DHCPserver was increased to thirty.

Since ISSI had a website meeting inMarch 2003, there were many updatesand changes done to its website (seethe screenshot on the previous page).Please visit www.issi.unibe.ch. Atthe time of writing, ISSI is looking into

improving the design of the front pageof its website.

One of the most important updates wasthe development of the library websiteISSI maintains, which lists now manyonline-journals subscribed to by bothISSI and the University. It is now avail-able to all computers using ISSI’sdomain, while before, it was only avail-able to ISSI staff. Therefore, our visitorshave the opportunity to access and useour online-journals while they are stay-ing at ISSI. The library website alsomaintains an electronic up-to-datedatabase of all the books ISSI has avail-able in the library.

Also at the time of writing, wirelessnetwork facilities are being looked intoby both ISSI’s and the University’s staff.It is expected that such facilities will beavailable at ISSI by the end of 2003.

In addition, the Institute updates soft-ware regularly and uses the large scien-tific packages (including IDL, Matlaband Maple) either locally or by connect-ing to the University’s servers.

About ISSI

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Group photograph of the ISSI staff at the end of the eighth business year (from left toright): Rudolf von Steiger, Reinald Kallenbach, Anuschka Pauluhn, Brigitte Fasler,Saliba F. Saliba, Ursula Pfander, Johannes Geiss, Silvia Wenger, and Roger MauriceBonnet (the picture was taken by Daniel Winterhalter). The persons missing in the group picture are shown on the right hand side (from top tobottom): Götz Paschmann, Stein Håland, and Vittorio Manno. Details can be found onpage 2, in the section Who is who.

At the end of June 2003, ISSI’s staff wascomposed of twelve members, i.e.three Directors and one HonoraryDirector, three staff scientists (onepart-time), and five staff members (twopart-time).

The eighth business year was marked byan important change in ISSI’s ExecutiveDirectorate. Professor Johannes Geiss,one of ISSI’s founders, retired from theposition of Executive Director onDecember 31st, 2002. Prof. Geiss wasnamed Honorary Director and continueshis research at ISSI. His position wastaken over by Prof. Roger MauriceBonnet, ESA’s former Director ofScience, on 1st January, 2003. Pleaseread the details on pages 3-7.

Stein Hålands Post-doc term ended withthe eighth business year on June 30,2003. He is now working at the Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrischePhysik in Garching, Germany. We wishhim all the best for the future.

ISSI’s Personnel

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Financial Overview

ISSI’s main sources of funding continue tobe the European Space Agency (ESA), theSwiss Confederation, the University ofBern, and the Swiss National ScienceFoundation. Moreover, important contri-butions “in kind” are received from theUniversity of Bern and from ContravesSpace AG:

- Funding from ESA was received at aconstant level of 1 M €, as approved bythe Science Programme Committee(SPC) and the Council in 1998. This wasthe last contribution under that agree-ment, but the SPC, at its meeting in May2003, renewed the commitment foranother three years at constant level,i.e. until mid-2007.

- Funding from the Swiss Confederationwas received at constant level from theSwiss Space Office (SSO) within theframework of the Swiss contribution toESA. The agreement to continue untilmid-2008 was re-negotiated in March2003 with the SSO.

- Funding from the Swiss NationalScience Foundation continued under agrant to R. von Steiger as the principalapplicant, which was approved inAugust 1999 and will expire in Septem-ber 2003. A proposal for a new grant

was submitted by the directors in March2003, and a decision is expected veryshortly.

- Funding from the University of Berncontinued in the form of direct employ-ment of one of the directors and there-fore does not explicitly appear in thetable above. Moreover, important “in-kind” contributions are received fromthe University such as Internet connec-tivity, library access, etc. The total ofthese contributions is estimated atabout 240 kCHF.

- Contributions in kind are also receivedfrom Swiss industry for an estimatedamount of 80 kCHF.

- An exceptional contribution was re-ceived from the International Associa-tion for the promotion of cooperationwith scientists from the New Indepen-dent States of the former Soviet Union(INTAS) for the activity described onpage 15. Other income resulted frominterest and from the ISSI apartments.

In summary, ISSI ended the 8th businessyear with a small plus of 52 kCHF. Thisamount is due to the unbudgeted INTASgrant and the variations of the Euro/CHFexchange rate in the money market.

Income kCHF Expenditures kCHFEuropean Space Agency (ESA) (1 M €) 1470 Salaries and Related Costs* 1113

Swiss Confederation 770 Investments 69

Other income 37 Fixed Costs 240

Operating Costs 227Workshops, Working Groups,Teams, and Visiting Scientists(ISSI-funded)

576

Result of the year 52

Subtotal 2277 Subtotal 2277

Swiss National ScienceFoundation (SNSF) 118

Workshops, Working Groups,Teams, and Visiting Scientists(SNSF-funded)

118

Total 2395 Total 2395

* It should be noted that the majority of the ISSI staff members (including directors),are scientists actively conducting research as well as taking care of organisational, edi-torial, and administrative tasks.

HeinrichLeutwyler

presidesPro-ISSI

since No-vember

2002.

13

About Pro-ISSIIn 1994, physicists and astronomers ofSwiss Universities and representativesof the Swiss Space Industry founded theAssociation Pro-ISSI (a list of the pres-ent members of its board can be foundon page 2).

Pro-ISSI aimed at the establishment of asmall scientific institute that wouldhost scientists from all over the world:The International Space Science Insti-tute. After ISSI opened its doors in1995, Pro-ISSI continued to promote theactivities and the results of space sci-ence in Europe. Presently, the associa-tion has almost 100 members. It organ-ises lectures from leading personalitiesin the space sciences. Together withISSI, the association publishes SPATIUM,a journal that documents the results ofimportant research fields, understand-able to the general public.

The SPATIUM Series

The new President of theAssociation

After Hermann Debrunner’s passing in2002, the Association was in need of anew President. The search ended withthe nomination and election of HeinrichLeutwyler, who had been involved withISSI as a convenor of the Workshop onMatter in the Universe in 2001. TheInstitute is very happy and honored thathe has accepted to become President ofthe Association Pro-ISSI. In this capacityhe will also represent the Association inthe Board of Trustees.

Heinrich Leutwyler was born in 1938 inBern, where he studied physics, mathe-matics and astronomy. He completedhis Ph.D. work on General Relativity in1962, under the supervision of John R.Klauder. After his postdoctoral years,which he spent at Princeton University,at Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill and atSyracuse University, he returned toBern, where he joined the faculty in1966, teaching courses in theoreticalphysics until his retirement in 2000. Hismain field of research is quantum chro-modynamics. For his work on the quarkmasses he received an honorary degreefrom the University of Mainz.

Cover ofSPATIUMno. 10.

During ISSI’s eighth business year, oneissue was published: SPATIUM no. 10appeared in June 2003. It correspondsto a Pro-ISSI lecture on Satellite Navi-gation Systems for Earth and SpaceSciences, given by Gerhard Beutler,Director of the Astronomical Institute ofthe University of Bern, on November 12,2002. This latest issue of SPATIUM tellsthe story of global navigation systemssuch as GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO. Itprovides fascinating insights into a num-ber of scientific applications, e.g. themeasurements of the polar motion, thelength of the day and the plate motionvelocities.

The next issue of SPATIUM is in prepara-tion. On March 27, 2003, ErwinFlückiger, from the University of Bern,gave a Pro-ISSI lecture on CosmicRadiation — an exciting talk, which willbe published in November 2003.

A detailed list of the SPATIUM series canbe found on page 48.

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Scientific Activities: The Eighth YearThe Programme and Tools

The programme expanded considerablyduring this year of activity to includeother disciplines while keeping its focuson Solar System Science. The spotlightof one Workshop was put on planetsexternal to our Solar System and a Teamwas addressing pre-biotic chemistrywhile another worked on a possible cor-relation between earthquakes andionospheric disturbances. The technicalaspect of the programme was furtheredthrough the activity of a Working Groupon calibration techniques. The otherareas of research, portrayed in the sec-tions below, have experienced differentdegrees of activity through the combi-nation of ISSI initiated Workshops,Working Groups and external Interna-tional Teams and Visitors that remainthe main tools of the Institute for itsscientific activity.

Workshops define the long-term activi-ty and are selected by the Directors inconsultation with the Science Commit-tee. They are generally carried out dur-ing one week (sometimes repeated) andattended by up to 45 invited scientists.The proceedings are published byKluwer Academic Publishers in Dord-recht (NL) as titles of the SpaceSciences Series of ISSI (SSSI), which arereprinted from Space Science Reviews.

Working Groups have a smaller numberof members. They follow the sameselection procedure as for Workshopsand can also be set up following a spe-cific request from the external commu-nity. They operate largely in the samemanner as International Teams do(below). The results of the Groups’activities are either published as titlesof ISSI Scientific Report Series (SR)under the responsibility of ESA’sPublication Division or in the scientificliterature.

International Teams form the flexibleshort-term component of the program-me. They are proposed by external sci-entists to study a specific issue withinthe general scientific domain of ISSI.

The results of their activity are custom-arily reported in scientific journals.Until now, Teams were approved by theDirectors in consultation with theScience Committee. A new procedurehas been implemented in 2003 follow-ing the Beatenberg brainstorming meet-ing whereby Teams are selected afteran open call for proposals and a peerreview by the Science Committee.

Individual Visitors are invited by theDirectors for periods of varying extentto pursue research and perform scien-tific tasks of relevance to ISSI’s agenda.

In the year under review the interna-tional participation among the differentcategories of activity was distributed asfollows:

The same number represented in per-son-weeks:

It should be emphasised that among the230 external participants in ISSI activi-ties, 112 scientists (i.e. 48%) were forthe first time at ISSI. Thus, the renewalof the community keeps being very sat-isfactory.

15

Workshops and Working Groups

Heliospheric Physics

The activities in the field of the physicsof the heliosphere continued at ISSI intwo frameworks.

The INTAS/ISSI Working Group on thePhysics of the Heliosheath PlasmaFlow and Structure of the Termi-nation Shock assembles scientists fromInstitutes in Russia, Germany, andFrance, and is co-ordinated at ISSI by itsPrincipal Investigator (PI) ReinaldKallenbach. The Group is concernedwith large-scale models of the SolarWind interaction with the LocalInterstellar Cloud, and with theoreticaland experimental studies on the micro-scopic plasma processes near the solarwind termination shock such as amplifi-cation of turbulence and particle accel-eration. Based on their experience withmulti-component approaches, twoRussian Group members developed atime-dependent kinetic theory and acorresponding numerical code on thesolar-cycle variation of the heliosphericinterface. The present solar activitymaximum is associated with a highermomentum flux in the solar wind caus-ing an outward movement of the helios-pheric termination shock within thenext few years. Consequently, theVoyager 1 encounter with the helios-pheric termination shock will take placelater than originally anticipated.

Lyman-alpha photons from the upwindouter heliosphere detected by the UVSinstrument on board Voyager 1 give evi-dence for the time-dependent behaviorof the heliospheric interface. Furtherevidence for a location of the termina-tion shock outward of the previouslyanticipated distance comes from theback-reaction of the Anomalous Com-ponent of the Cosmic Rays (ACRs) onthe solar wind termination shock,where the ACRs are accelerated, andleads to an outward shift of severalastronomical units. The relative accel-eration models of the Yakutsk Groupincluding the self-consistent interaction

of plasma waves with energetic parti-cles are verified observationally by theISSI Group members using data associat-ed with heliospheric travelling shocks at1 AU measured with the SOHO/CELIAS/-STOF sensor.

In its first year of activity, the INTAS/-ISSI Working Group has already pub-lished numerous papers and conferencecontributions as listed later in thisreport.

The Working Group on CalibrationTechniques for In-Situ Plasma Instru-mentation that was established in theprevious year, started its operation. Ledby Martin Wüest (who moved fromSouthwest Research Institute, SanAntonio, TX, USA to Inficon, Balzers,Liechtenstein) some 13 scientists withexperience in particle instrumentation

Awaiting the crossing of the solar wind terminationshock by the Voyager 1 spacecraft, theorists developtime-dependent kinetic models of the heliosphericboundaries. Our heliosphere and its interface to thesurrounding interstellar medium may roughly resemblethe bubble of the Helix Planetary Nebula. The similar-ity breaks down when considering the scale — orders ofmagnitude larger than the heliosphere — and the phys-ical cause — a single explosion rather than a continuouswind (Photo courtesy of David Malin).

16


met twice for a week, reviewing anddiscussing the different types of in-situplasma sensors, the calibration princi-ples, the currently available calibrationfacilities and capabilities, the methodsfor absolute calibration, in-flight cali-bration, and cross-calibration, the caus-es and effects of instrument degrada-tion, as well as new techniques toimprove calibration. To round off theactivities the group visited several insti-tutions with experience in calibrationissues such as the Physikalisches Institutof the University of Bern, the Paul-Scherrer-Institut in Villingen, METAS inWabern, the Observatoire de Neu-châtel, and TEMEX in Neuchâtel. In themeantime the Group has assembledmuch material for publication in the ISSIScientific Reports Series, which will beedited and reviewed in two smallermeetings in the next business year, andthe resulting Report will finally appearin 2004.

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

This business year the book on AuroralPlasma Physics finally appeared inprint as Volume 15 of the Space ScienceSeries of ISSI, concluding an effort thatbegan with a first workshop in the fallof 1999. In line with the goal to createan integrated and coherent book, thisvolume is the first in the ISSI serieswhere authors are not associated withindividual chapters, but all 32 contribu-tors appear as contributing authors ofthe entire book.

A new major activity, aimed at thestudy of Magnetospheric Boundariesand Plasma Turbulence, began with afirst Workshop in March, attended byalmost 40 scientists. This project focus-es on the data from ESA’s Cluster mis-sion. Because Cluster consists of fouridentically instrumented spacecraft fly-ing in close formation, it provides thefirst opportunity where one can com-pare measurements obtained at neigh-bouring locations, and thus distinguishtemporal from spatial variations, aproblem that has been troubling spaceplasma physics for a long time. Newinsights into the physics of plasmaboundaries and turbulence are emerg-ing from this novel approach. Integra-ting these results will now become theprime goal, and this is a typical ISSItask. The principal objective of the firstworkshop was to identify the main openquestions and to identify what theCluster mission can contribute, or hasalready contributed, to their answer. Asecond Workshop is scheduled forNovember 2003. It is expected that theresults will be published in 2004 asanother book in the Space ScienceSeries of ISSI.

In the context of this Workshop activity,staff at ISSI (Stein Haaland and GötzPaschmann), together with a long-termvisitor (Bengt Sonnerup), has beenworking on analysing Cluster data relat-ed to the understanding of one specificmagnetospheric boundary, the magne-

Cover of SSSIVolume 15.

The position of the four Cluster spacecraft at 6 am on1 July 2002. The lines through the spacecraft representthe magnetic field lines that connect the spacecraftwith the Earth, while the coloured contours shown justabove the North Pole of the Earth are lines of constantelectric potential in the ionosphere. These voltagesrange up to 100 KV, and are generated by the interac-tion of the Earth’s magnetic field with the solar wind(picture produced by the Orbit Visualization Tool,http://ovt.irfu.se).

17

topause, which is a thin current sheetthat keeps the solar wind and itsembedded magnetic field apart fromthe Earth’s magnetic field and its plas-ma. Across the magnetopause, the plas-ma environment changes from a dense,weakly magnetised, solar wind plasmato a dilute, strongly-magnetised, plas-ma inside the magnetosphere. A space-craft traversing this boundary willtherefore observe a fairly abrupt chan-ge in both the magnetic field plasmaproperties. A prime goal of the Clustermission is to measure the thickness andinternal structure of the magnetopause,because they provide insight into theplasma processes controlling the trans-fer of energy, momentum, and massacross boundaries between collidingplasmas.

A pre-requisite for determining themagnetopause thickness and structureis the knowledge of its orientation andmotion. This is difficult to obtain be-cause in response to the varying solarwind conditions the magnetosphericboundaries are always in motion andchange their orientation constantly.Before Cluster, there were a variety oftechniques based on the application ofsome physical laws to the measure-ments from single-spacecraft. WithCluster, one now can use the timing ofthe crossings by the four spacecraft toinfer the orientation and motion in amuch more direct way. There are essen-tially two ways to use the four-space-craft timing: either one assumes thatthe magnetopause moves over the fourspacecraft with constant velocity, orone assumes that the velocity varies,but the thickness of the boundaryremains constant. We have comparedall existing methods (and invented afew new ones in the process), and havedemonstrated that all methods need tobe combined to obtain a dependabledescription of the orientation andmotion.

Even with four spacecraft, one only getsfour cuts through the boundaries. But


with some assumption on the underlyingphysics, namely that it can be describedas magnetostatic, one can actually infera two-dimensional map of the magne-topause from the magnetic field andplasma measurements obtained in eachsuch cut. Bengt Sonnerup and co-work-ers for single-spacecraft measurementsdeveloped this idea. With Cluster, onenow has the unique opportunity tocheck these results by comparing theprediction based on measurements

Magnetic field maps for a magnetopause crossing by theCluster satellites on 5 July 2001. The top part showsthe magnetic field lines (black) inferred from themeasurements of the magnetic field and plasma pres-sure by Cluster 3 alone. Superimposed are white arrowsthat represent the actual magnetic field vectors meas-ured by all four Cluster spacecraft along their trajecto-ries. The agreement of the measurements by C1, C2,and C4 with the map constructed from the C3 measure-ments confirms the validity of the method. The back-ground colour indicates the strength of the magneticfield component directed out of the plane of the map,using the colour bar on the right. The change in colorindicates that the magnetic field direction changesacross the magnetopause. The bottom part of the fig-ure shows the same magnetic field map, but at thistime the white arrows represent the plasma flow veloc-ities measured by C1, C3, and C4. The backgroundcolour now represents the change in plasma pressureacross the magnetopause. For details, see the text(Figure from Hasegawa et al., 2003).

18


from one of the spacecraft, with whatthe other three are actually observingwhen they cross the region covered bythe map. The Figure on page 17 showsthe magnetic field map obtained fromthe analysis of the C3 data obtainedduring a particular pass through themagnetopause. Overlayed on this mapare white arrows that represent theactually measured magnetic fields(top). The alignment of the vectorsmeasured by C1, C2, and C4 with theunderlying map proves that the map,which was constructed from C3 meas-urements only, is real. This applies inparticular to the bulge on the lowerright where magnetic field lines arecrossing the magnetopause, implyingthat the process known as magneticreconnection has occurred, and solarwind plasma can now cross the magne-topause and enter the magnetosphere.This is illustrated by the bottom half ofthe figure, which shows the same mag-netic map, but now with the plasmaflow vectors, measured on C1, C3, and

One hour of a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 26–27February 2000, taken by EIT 195Å. A CME blasts intospace a billion tons of particles travelling hundreds ofkilometres per second (Courtesy of SOHO/EIT consor-tium. SOHO is a project of international cooperationbetween ESA and NASA).

Cover of SRVolume 2.

C4 overlayed (there are no such meas-urements on C2).

Solar Wind and SolarProcesses

The Working Group on RadiometricInter-Calibration of SOHO had con-cluded its work in the previous businessyear, but the 8th year saw the appear-ance of Volume 2 in the ISSI ScientificReport Series (SR), edited by AnuschkaPauluhn (ISSI), Martin C.E. Huber (thena senior visiting scientist at ISSI) andRudolf von Steiger (ISSI) (cf. page 51).The volume summarises and documentsthe radiometric calibration of the SOHOvacuum-ultraviolet instruments for thefirst six years in orbit, including theperiod after SOHO’s accidental loss ofattitude. It is hoped that it will help toensure that the experience gained withSOHO is being passed on to the benefitof future missions.

A Workshop on Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs) was initiated at the end of thebusiness year with a convenor’s meet-ing. Similar to the Workshop onCorotating Interaction Regions (SSSIVol. 7), this Workshop will conclude aseries of Meetings at Elmau Castle in2000 and 2003. The third Workshop inthis series will be held at ISSI in March2004 and is being convened by NancyCrooker (Boston University, USA), HorstKunow (Universität Kiel, Germany), JonLinker (SAIC, San Diego, USA) andRainer Schwenn (Max-Planck-Institut fürAeronomie, Katlenburg-Lindau, Ger-many). The objective of the Workshopis to study in detail the origin, develop-ment, and effects of coronal mass ejec-tions. An international team of about 60invited experimenters, ground-basedobservers, and theoreticians will beinterpreting the observations and de-velop new models for CME initiations,development, and interplanetary prop-agation. Under investigation are alsoeffects on charged particles and relatedphenomena such as energetic particleacceleration, interaction with ambient

19


solar wind and other CMEs, as well asthe internal structure of CMEs and itstime variation. Fundamental questionsconcerning CMEs (e.g. CME initiation)and many detailed observations are stillnot understood. The Workshop shallhelp to jointly investigate these ques-tions with scientists from all scientificareas involved. The Workshop will startwith one day of introductory talks, butthen consists mainly of Working Groupsessions on the following topics: A)Coronal observations; B) Solar wind andmagnetic field measurements; C)Energetic particle observations; D) CMEtheory and models; E) The pre-CME Sun;F) CME-related coronal phenomena; G)ICMEs in the inner heliosphere; H) ICMEsin the outer heliosphere and at high lat-itudes. Each participant is member oftwo Working Groups, one from A–D andanother from E–H. The specific aim ofthe ISSI Workshop in 2004 is to publishthe Workshop results in a joint publica-tion in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI(SSSI), which will consist of the intro-ductory papers followed by a reportfrom each Working Group and a Work-shop summary.

Astrophysics and Cosmology

A Workshop dedicated to PlanetarySystems and Planets in Systems washeld in September 2002. For the firsttime in the history of ISSI, the Workshopdid not take place at the Institute inBern, but in Saas Fee in the Swiss Alps.The dislocation worked out amazinglywell, so this format may perhaps berepeated on future occasions. Con-vened by Stéphane Udry (University ofGeneva), Willy Benz (University ofBern), Johannes Geiss and Rudolf vonSteiger (both ISSI) some 50 scientistsgathered to present and discuss allaspects of extrasolar planets, with par-ticular focus on the detection of plane-tary systems, of planets in binary ormultiple stellar systems and on theunderstanding of the formation and thedynamical interactions in such systemsincluding their observational conse-

quences (stability, resonances, orbitalevolution, etc.). The Workshop wasstructured into five sessions of intro-ductory talks on 1) General view ofgiant planets; 2) Observations of multi-planetary systems (including our ownsolar system); 3) Theory of multi-plane-tary systems; 4) Planets in stellar sys-tems; and 5) Future and conclusions.The afternoons were dedicated toWorking Group sessions on specific top-ics such as Detection methods, Mig-ration in the Solar System, Viewing for-mation, and Interactions. The resultingvolume in the Space Sciences Series ofISSI is currently being edited and willappear in the fall of 2003. It will bededicated to Michel Mayor, discovererof the first extrasolar planet in 1995, asthe Workshop was held on the occasionof his 60th birthday.

In 1995, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz discovered thefirst planet orbiting another star like the Sun, called 51Pegasi b, by the so-called Doppler Wobble Method(Radial Velocity Method). Since then, over hundredmore extrasolar planets have been detected this way.The picture shows an artist’s impression of extrasolarplanets orbiting another star (Illustration by Medialab,courtesy of ESA, 2003).

20


The solar nebula imagined by an artist: Gas, dust, and planetesimals orbit the earlySun in the accretion disk. The editors of SSSI Volume 16 on Solar System History fromIsotopic Signature of Volatile Elements chose this painting as cover illustration.(Courtesy of William K. Hartmann, Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, USA).

Planetary Science

During its eighth business year, ISSIcompleted and pursued PlanetaryScience studies initiated in the yearsbefore. In addition, plans for a Work-shop on the Outer Planets to be held inthe ninth business year were put in con-crete terms and the organisation of thisinternational and interdisciplinarymeeting was put on track.

In spring 2003, Volume 16 of the SpaceSciences Series of ISSI, Solar SystemHistory from Isotopic Signatures ofVolatile Elements, edited byR. Kallenbach (ISSI), T. Encrenaz (Obser-vatoire de Paris, Meudon, France),J. Geiss (ISSI), K. Mauersberger (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidel-berg, Germany), T. Owen (University ofHawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA), andF. Robert (Musée d’Histoire Naturelle,Paris, France) was published by KluwerAcademic Publishers. This volumefocuses on isotopic signatures ofvolatile elements as tracers for evolu-

tionary processes during the formationof the Sun and the planets from aninterstellar molecular cloud and, inturn, illuminates how the isotopic com-positions of the present-day solar sys-tem objects have been established. Thebook is an integrated collection of arti-cles by experts in planetary science,solar and plasma physics, astrophysics,mineralogy and chemistry who met fora Workshop at ISSI in January 2002.

The authors present analyses of isotopeabundance ratios for volatile elementsin the Sun, planets, satellites, comets,meteorites and interplanetary dust par-ticles, as well as a review of isotopicratios in star-forming interstellarclouds. This provides insight into thephysical and chemical processes in thepre-solar molecular cloud that col-lapsed to form the Sun and the proto-planetary disk. Furthermore, informa-tion is presented on dynamical process-es and conditions in this disk, particu-lary the degree of reprocessing of inter-stellar solid material, the formation of

Cover of SSSIVolume 16.

21


solids inside the disks, and the forma-tion of the terrestrial and giant planetsand their satellites.

The Team on Mars Magnetism, and theInteraction of Mars with the SolarWind, that held a Workshop at ISSI inOctober 2001 continued its activity inpreparing the publication of the resultsas Volume 18 of the Space SciencesSeries of ISSI. The editors of this vol-ume, Daniel Winterhalter (Jet Pro-pulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, USA),Mario Acuña (NASA-GSFC, Greenbelt,USA), and Alexander Zakharov (IKI,Moscow, Russia) held three meetings atISSI during the eighth business year. Thedata of the Phobos 2 (USSR/Russia) andMars Global Surveyor (USA) missions willbe combined in this volume, so that adistinction between the intrinsic mag-netic field of Mars and the externalfields is achieved. Even at the presenttime, the Mars crust is more intenselymagnetised than the Earth crust, but onMars the field changes on a small spatialscale. It appears likely that the Marscrust acquired its remanence in the firstfew hundred million years of evolution,when an active dynamo sustained anintense global field. An early dynamoera, ending in the Noachian (the earli-est epoch in Mars chronology), wouldlikely be driven by thermal convectionin a fluid core. If crustal remanence wasacquired later in Mars history, a dynamodriven by chemical convection associat-ed with the solidification of an innercore is likely. Thermal evolution modelscannot yet distinguish between thesetwo possibilities.

ISSI’s programme on interdisciplinarystudies related to planetary science willcarry on with a Workshop A Com-parative Study of the Outer Planetsbefore the Exploration of Saturn byCassini-Huygens. This Workshop isintended to assemble representativesof several scientific communities, suchas planetary scientists, astronomers,space physicists, chemists, and astro-

biologists to review the knowledge onfour major themes:

1) The study of the formation and evo-lution processes of the Outer Planetsand their satellites, beginning with theformation of compounds and planetesi-mals in the solar nebula, and the subse-quent evolution of the interiors of theOuter Planets,

2) a comparative study of the atmos-pheres of the Outer Planets and Titan,

3) the study of the planetary magneto-spheres and their interactions with thesolar wind, and

4) the formation and the properties ofsatellites and rings including their inte-riors, surfaces, and their interactionwith the solar wind and the magneto-spheres of the outer planets.

Cruising above southern Mars, instruments on the MarsGlobal Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft have revealed band-ed magnetic field patterns of alternating polarity, indi-cated in the above map by red and blue colour. Thebands run east-west, are about 100 miles wide and 600miles long, and resemble those magnetic field patternsproduced on Earth by plate tectonics (they should notbe confused with the north-south running swaths of theMGS orbit). The crustal magnetic fields detected byMGS are remnants of the magnetic dipole field whosedynamo in the interior of Mars ceased billion years ago(Courtesy of Jack Connerney, Mario Acuña, Carol Ladd,MGS, NASA).

22


GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment),twin satellites launched in March 2002, are makingdetailed measurements of Earth's gravity field. ThisFigure shows a GRACE Gravity Model for Europe andAfrica. High points on this map, also colored red, indi-cate areas where gravity is slightly stronger than usual,while in blue areas gravity is slightly weaker. Maps likethis help calibrate changes in the Earth's surfaceincluding variable ocean currents and the melting ofglaciers (Preparation by the University of Texas Centerfor Space Research, as part of a collaborative dataanalysis effort with the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratoryand the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam).

Beyond these four topics, the implica-tions for the prebiotic chemical evolu-tion on Europa and Titan will be dis-cussed.

At the present time, the study of theOuter Planets is particularly motivatedby the fact that the Saturn system willbe investigated by the Cassini-Huygensmission from 2004 to 2008.

The convenors of this Workshop,T. Encrenaz (Observatoire de Paris,Meudon, France), R. Kallenbach (ISSI),T. Owen (University of Hawaii, Hono-lulu, USA), and C. Sotin (Université deNantes, France), and ISSI’s new Exe-

cutive Director, Roger Maurice Bonnet,have invited about 30 participants togather in Bern on 12–16 January, 2004.

Earth Sciences from Space

A Workshop entitled Earth GravityField from Space – from Sensors toEarth Sciences had been held at ISSI inthe previous business year. The resul-ting volume in the Space Sciences Seriesof ISSI was subsequently assembled andedited by R. Rummel (Technische Uni-versität München, Germany), G. Beutler(University of Bern, Switzerland),M. Drinkwater (ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk,The Netherlands), and R. von Steiger(ISSI).

Like the Workshop it will be divided intosix sections on Precise Orbit Deter-mination and Gravity Field Modelling,Solid Earth Physics, Ocean Circulation,Geodesy, Sea Level, and Future Con-cepts. The 37 papers will deal with thenew insights into the global static grav-ity field and the geoid that are expect-ed from the ESA explorer mission GOCE,to be launched in 2005, and the U.S.satellite gravity mission GRACE(2002–2006), that will additionally mea-sure the temporal variations of the gra-vity field. With these data it willbecome possible for the first time todisentangle the intertwined problemsof ultra-precision orbit determinationof satellites on the one hand and Earthgravity field modeling on the other.

As of this writing, the editing of the vol-ume is concluded and the book isexpected to appear very shortly.

23

International Teams

Teams are composed of up to 15 scien-tists of different nationalities, institu-tions and areas of expertise who jointogether to address specific scientificquestions. These should be interdisci-plinary, foster international participa-tion and be consistent with the scientif-ic areas and expertise at ISSI. Teamsassemble for variable periods at ISSI andpresent results in scientific journals.The organisation of the activity dependsentirely on the specific goals and mem-bership of each team and is the respon-sibility of the team leader who initiatedthe proposal. ISSI nominates a scientificcontact point to each team.

The following teams met at ISSI duringthe eighth year of activity:

Session: 8–9 July 2002Advanced Data Analysis MethodsScientific rationale: To collect in ahandbook material on advanced analy-sis techniques, such as neural networks,wavelet analysis, principal componentanalysis, linear parametric models,higher-order spectra, phase-space tech-niques, and their application to spacedata.Team leaders and members: JoachimVogt, International University, Bremen,Germany and Götz Paschmann, ISSI andMax-Planck-Institut für extraterrest-rische Physik, Garching, Germany, andnine team members from France,Germany, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland,the United Kingdom, and the USA.

Sessions: 8 July–18 August 2002, and 19 January–14 February 2003Physics of the HeliotailScientific rationale: To study and/orevaluate the following physical process-es on the downwind plasma flow and itsdiagnostics: the charge exchange pro-cess; effects connected with interstel-lar and heliospheric magnetic fields;interstellar ionisation; diffusion acrossthe Heliopause by micro scale plasmaprocesses like wave-particle interac-tions as well as by turbulences in theLocal Interstellar Medium (LISM).

Team leader and members: VladislavIzmodenov, Moscow State University,Russia, and nine members from France,Germany, Poland, Russia, the UnitedKingdom, and the USA.

Session: 4–10 August 2002Advanced Modelling of CometHalley Nucleus ActivityScientific rationale: It is intended toconsiderably extend the range of Halleyobservations quantitatively reproducedby ab-initio computations. The expect-ed result will constitute the best possi-ble validation of the new modellingtools, which are being used for pre-launch studies of the Rosetta mission.Team leader and members: Jean-François Crifo, CNRS, Verrières-le-Buisson, France, and ten members fromESTEC, Germany, Hungary, Italy,Sweden, and the USA.

Session: 12–17 August 2002New Physical Parameters of theLIM Through Coordinated Ob-servations of the GravitationalFocussing Cone at 1 AUScientific rationale: To combine com-plementary data sets taken during thelast two passages of the Earth throughthe interstellar focussing cone, previousdata, and modelling in order to derive aconsistent set of interstellar parame-ters.Team leader and members: EberhardMöbius, University of New Hampshire,Durham, USA, and 14 members fromFrance, Germany, Poland, Russia, andthe USA.

Sessions: 19 August–7 September 2002,and 23–26 March 2003Identification of low FrequencyWaves in the Vicinity of Colli-sionless ShocksScientific rationale: Study of low fre-quency turbulence in the upstreamregion of quasi-perpendicular andquasi-parallel shocks. Turbulence down-stream of the shock front. Identificationof plasma waves in satellite measure-

24

ments. Non-linear process identifica-tion in the plasma turbulence.Team members: Misha Balikhin,University of Sheffield, United King-dom, and Oleg Pokhotelov, RAN,Institute of Physics of the Earth,Moscow, Russia.

Editorial Sessions: 20 August–2 Septem-ber 2002, 18–22 November 2002, and2–7 March 2003Mars Magnetism and its Inter-action with the Solar WindScientific rationale: The Phobos 2 andthe Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) haveproduced much information about theMars/solar wind interaction. The res-pective communities have producedresults that need comparative analysisand integration that will lead to agreater understanding of the interac-tion process.

Team leader: Daniel Winterhalter, JetPropulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, USA,met with the other editors from Russiaand the USA.

Session: 25 August–3 September 2002Mars BolidesScientific rationale: To develop amodel to address the problem of thesmallest bolides to get through theatmosphere of Mars and hit the surface,which in turn controls the amount ofimpact erosion on Mars. This is animportant question in terms of preser-vation of ancient deposits.Team leader and members: William K.Hartmann, Planetary Science Institute,Tucson, USA, and two members fromRussia.

Sessions: 9–21 September 2002, and 22 April–3 May 2003Earthquakes’ influence onIonosphere as Evident fromSatellite Plasma Density-electric Field DataScientific rationale: This research isrelated to the general problem of litho-sphere-atmosphere-ionosphere cou-pling and especially to seismic influenceon the ionosphere plasma.Team leaders and members: FrançoisLefeuvre, LPCE, France, and OlegMolchanov, UIPE, Russia, and five mem-bers from Italy, Japan, Russia, and theUnited Kingdom.

Sessions: 16–20 September 2002Solar Wind Disturbances andProperties of the Upper Iono-sphere from INTERBALL andMIR DataScientific rationale: The goal of theproject is to combine data from theINTERBALL tail probe measured in thesolar wind and the measurements of theelectron density profile measured bythe High-Frequency-sounding experi-ment onboard the MIR spacecraft. MIR isoften located near the maximum of theF region of the ionosphere. This fact,apart from standard informationobtained by topside sounding, gives one

International Teams

Comet Hale-Bopp photographed June 18, 1999 with theESO NTT Telescope at La Silla, Chile. At this time, thecomet was more than 8 AU away from the Sun and cor-respondingly, its gas and dust production was stillweak. The Comet Nucleus-Coma Boundary Layer ModelTeam studies the release of chemical species of a cometas a function of its distance from the Sun. Comets werealso addressed by the Advanced Modelling of CometHalley Nucleus Activity Team (Photo courtesy of ESO).

25

the opportunity to estimate the degreeof ionospheric plasma turbulence fromsome particular characteristics of thesounding signal. This turbulence usuallyrelates to the influence of electricfields. Team leader and members: PaulGough, University of Sussex, UnitedKingdom, and seven members fromRussia and the United Kingdom.

Sessions: 4–23 November 2002, and 19 May–7 June 2003How to Quantify the SolarWind-Magnetosphere Coupling?Scientific rationale: The coupling ofthe solar wind-magnetosphere interac-tion is a fundamental problem of Solar-Terrestrial Physics. The coupling param-eter will be evaluated by comparisonwith the power that is dissipated in themagnetosphere and in the individualmagnetosphere plasma domains during10 selected magnetic storms thatoccurred in 1997–98.Team leader and members: YashaFeldstein, IZMIRAN, Russia, and UrsMall, Max-Planck-Institut für Aero-nomie, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany,and six members from Brazil, Israel,Russia, Slovakia, and the USA.

Session: 23–25 March 2003Central Issues in Solar FlarePhysicsScientific rationale: To take a highlycritical look at the current status of solarflare theory and re-assess both the basicassumptions that are currently invokedas well as how the major advances inacceleration physics and reconnectiontheory can be implemented.Team leader and members: PeterCargill, Imperial College, London, UnitedKingdom and eight members fromFrance, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan,the United Kingdom, and the USA.

Session: 27–30 March 2003Non-linear Wave Turbulence inSpace Plasma and its Identi-ficationScientific rationale: The intention is to

review the known turbulent processesand as far as possible to provide aframework of methods that are and canbe used for identification of the variousinstabilities and turbulence processes inspace plasma.Team leader and members: RoaldSagdeev, University of Maryland, USAand Russian Academy of Science, Mos-cow, Russia, and four members fromGermany, Russia, and the UnitedKingdom.

Session: 31 March–4 April 2003Prebiotic Chemistry: From theInterstellar Medium to the SolarSystemScientific rationale: The goal is tostudy the question of how life originat-ed on earth and the implications withrespect to the possible emergence oflife elsewhere. The Team will reviewcurrent knowledge in the subject areaand recommend further experiments inthe laboratory, at the telescope and inspace.Team leader and members: PascaleEhrenfreund, Leiden Observatory, TheNetherlands, and twelve members fromFrance, Italy, Mexico, Spain, and theUSA.

Session: 3–5 April 2003Local Late Galactic EvolutionScientific rationale: To study thegalactic evolution as a function of timeand galactocentric distance of nucle-osynthetically diverse species toaddress questions such as the birthplaceof the Sun and inflow of material intothe disc of our Galaxy. The evolution ofthe isotopes of hydrogen, helium, andneon near the solar ring of the Galaxy isinvestigated by comparing solar systemdata from various space missions withthe data on interstellar gas flowingthrough the heliosphere obtained bySWICS/Ulysses.Team leader and members: JohannesGeiss, ISSI, and three members fromFrance, Italy, and the USA.

International Teams

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Team Workshop Session: 14–16 April200310Be, 14C, the Sun and theHeliosphereScientific rationale: To discuss thenature of the variations in the cosmicradiation over temporal scales of100–100,000 years, and to explore whatthey tell us about the physical process-es in the Sun, in interplanetary space,and beyond the termination shock.Team leaders and members: KenMcCracken and Frank McDonald, Uni-versity of Maryland, USA, Len Fisk,University of Michigan, USA, and JürgBeer, EAWAG, Switzerland, and 22 inter-national participants.

Session: 5–9 May 2003Comet Nucleus-Coma BoundaryLayer ModelScientific rationale: To investigate theexpansion of gas in the innermost coma.This includes thermodynamic disequi-librium effects in the nucleus-comaboundary layer, entrainment of dust by

escaping coma gas, development of adust mantle, gas effusion from the inte-rior of the nucleus on the night side,and the physics and chemistry of short-lived chemical species (e.g., S2).Team leader and members: WalterHuebner, Southwest Research Institute,San Antonio, USA, and five membersfrom France, Germany, Israel, and Italy.

Session: 19–23 May 2003Substorm Onset PhysicsScientific rationale: Recent develop-ments in the comparison between in-situ measurements (Geotail and Inter-ball) and auroral imagers (Polar), theavailability of multipoint measurementsof Cluster and the advances in kinetictheory and codes open new perspec-tives in the understanding of substorms.The Team will attempt to discuss andsynthesise these results. Team leaders and members: WolfgangBaumjohann, Space Research Institute,Graz, Austria, and Alain Roux, CETP,Vélizy, France, and 14 other membersfrom Finland, France, Germany, Japan,Russia, Sweden, and the USA.

Session: 15–21 June 2003Role of Turbulence in SolarPhysicsScientific rationale: To criticallyreview the current state of the globalvariability of the Sun and Inner Helio-sphere, in particular concerning turbu-lence and its relation with solar vari-ables and processes, with the purposeto suggest novel ways in making sub-stantial progress in the field. In this waynew theoretical and modelling effortsand space-observations will be initiat-ed. Team leader and members: ArakelPetrosyan, IKI, Russian Academy ofSciences, Moscow, Russia and 12 mem-bers from Denmark, France, Germany,Hungary, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, theUnited Kingdom, and the USA.

International Teams

The nebula N199 (detail) is a HII region in the LargeMagellanic Cloud (LMC), a dwarf galaxy relatively closeto the Milky Way. This and other dwarf galaxies are ofcentral interest to the Team on Local Late GalacticEvolution (Photo courtesy of ESO).

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A Collaborative Effort to Study theProduction and Transport of 1-30keV Upstream IonsTeam leader and members: ChristianMazelle, CNRS, Toulouse, France, and 8members.

Comet ModelingTeam leader and members: TamasGombosi, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,USA, and 12 members.

Coordinated Determination of thePhysical Hydrogen Parameters ofthe Local Interstellar Cloud fromwithin the HeliosphereTeam leader and members: EberhardMöbius, University of New Hampshire, USA,and 14 members.

Coordinated Studies on Ionosphericand Magnetospheric Electrodyna-mics Using Data from the ClusterSatellites and Ground-based DataTeam leader and members: Olaf Amm,Finnish Meteorological Institute, GeophysicalResearch, Helsinki, Finland, and 13 mem-bers.

EUV Solar Irradiance at High Helio-graphic LatitudesTeam leader and members: FrédéricAuchère, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale,CNRS, Orsay, France, and 6 members.

Local Late Galactic EvolutionTeam leaders and members: Monica Tosi,Osservatorio Astronomico, Bologna, Italy,and Johannes Geiss, ISSI, and 6 members.

Multiwavelength Investigation ofX/-gamma-ray Sources: Support ofINTEGRAL ObservationsTeam leader and members: MikhailPavlinsky, IKI, Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow, Russia, and 10 members.

Non-linear Plasma Waves-solitons,Periodic Waves and Oscillitons in

Diverse Space Plasma Environ-ments. Observations and TheoryTeam leaders and members: Jim McKenzie,University of Natal, Durban, South Africa &Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie, Katlen-burg-Lindau, Germany, and Gary P. Zank, TheBartol Research Institute, University of Dela-ware, USA and 18 members.

Physics of Supernova Remnants inthe XMM-Newton, Chandra andINTEGRAL EraTeam leader and members: Andrei M.Bykov, Institute of Physics & Technology,IOFFE, St. Petersburg, Russia, and 3 mem-bers, and up to 17 additional participants.

Plasma Turbulence and the Propa-gation of Charged Particles in theHeliosphereTeam leader and members: Geza Erdös,KFKI Budapest, Hungary, and 7 members.

Titan, a Planetary Scale Laboratory:Preparing for Cassini/Huygens Ex-plorationTeam leader and members: GérardChanteur, CETP-NCRS, Vélizy, France, and 18members.

Optional candidates, subject to funding:

Observable Features of AvalanchingSystemsTeam leader and members: MichaelGedalin, Department of Physics, Ben-GurionUniversity, Beer-Sheva, Israel, and 4 mem-bers.

Search for Radio Emissions fromExtra-solar PlanetsTeam leader and members: DanielWinterhalter, Jet Propulsion Laboratory,Pasadena, USA, and 10 members.

International Teams

NNeewwllyy AApppprroovveedd FFuuttuurree TTeeaammss

Teams will henceforth be selected in competition on the basis of a call for proposals tobe issued periodically to the scientific community. The first of such calls has been issuedin early March 2003 with due date 2 May 2003. 33 proposals were received and scienti-fically evaluated by the Science Committee members. The Committee met as a whole inJune 2003 for extensive discussions and to make final recommendations to the ISSIExecutive. Thereupon the Directorate of ISSI approved for funding the Teams listedbelow.

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Individual scientists are invited forextended periods to work on scientificsubjects at the forefront in areas ofinterest to ISSI. Their stay may includeperiods of joint activity with other col-leagues. The results of this research areto be published as books or in major sci-entific journals, with appropriate ack-nowledgement to ISSI.

The following seventeen visiting scien-tists worked at ISSI during the eighthbusiness year.

André Balogh, The Blackett Laboratory,Imperial College of Science and Techno-logy, London, United Kingdom, 5 days.

Yasha Feldstein, IZMIRAN, Troitsk,Moscow Region, Russia, 19 days.

Lennard A. Fisk, Department of Atmo-spheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences,College of Engineering, University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor, USA, 21 days.

Tamas Gombosi, Center for SpaceEnvironment Modeling, University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor, USA, 3 days.

Mirjam Hofer, formerly Solar SystemDivision, ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk, TheNetherlands, 100 days.

Martin C.E. Huber, Laboratory forAstrophysics, Paul Scherrer Institute,Villigen, Switzerland, 11 days.

Walter Huebner, Southwest ResearchInstitute, San Antonio, USA, 61 days.

Bengt Hultqvist, Swedish Institute ofSpace Physics, Kiruna, Sweden, 20 days.

Vladislav Izmodenov, Department ofAeromechanics, Faculty of Mechanicsand Mathematics, Moscow State Uni-versity, Moscow, Russia, 25 days.

Anatoly Levitin, IZMIRAN, Troitsk,Moscow Region, Russia, 19 days.

Werner Mende, Projekt Klimafor-schung, Berlin-Brandenburgische Aka-demie der Wissenschaften, Berlin, Ger-many, 115 days.

Norman Ness, Bartol Research Insti-tute, University of Delaware, Newark,USA, 41 days.

Michael Rycroft, International SpaceUniversity, Strasbourg, France, 5 days.

Igor Tolstikhin, Polar GeophysicalInstitute, Kola Scientific Center of theRussian Academy of Science, Apatity,Murmansk Region, Russia, 15 days.

Viktor Trakhtengerts, Department ofAstrophysics and Space Plasma Physics,Institute of Applied Physics RAS, NizhnyNovgorod, Russia, 32 days.

Rudolf Treumann, Max-Planck-Institutfür extraterrestrische Physik, Garching,Germany, 50 days.

Daniel Winterhalter, Jet PropulsionLaboratory, Pasadena, USA, 9 days.

Furthermore and like already in the lastbusiness year, ISSI had the pleasure tohost Bengt Sonnerup of DartmouthCollege, Hanover, USA, winner of theprestigious Alexander von HumboldtPrize for Space Physics Research. In thecontext of his cooperation with GötzPaschmann, Bengt Sonnerup worked atISSI for several weeks in 2002 and 2003,without being funded by ISSI.

Visiting Scientists

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Events, Seminars, and MediaSpecial Events

23 July–1 August 2002Summer School Alpbach, 2002 on ‘SpaceWeather: Physics, Impacts, and Pre-dictions’. Johannes Geiss, GötzPaschmann, and Stein Haaland partici-pated in the summer school. SilviaWenger was again involved in the localorganisation.

12 November 2002Association Pro-ISSI Lecture ‘SatelliteNavigation Systems for Earth and SpaceSciences’, by Gerhard Beutler, Astro-nomical Institute, University of Bern.

19-20 November 200214th Meeting of the Science Committee.

20 November 200216th Meeting of the Board of Trustees.

20 November 2002Farewell festivity for Johannes Geiss,leaving Executive Director of ISSI, andcelebration of ISSI’s seventh anniversaryat the Hotel Bellevue Palace, Bern.Hanspeter Schneiter gave the keynoteaddress at the event, which was spon-sored by Contraves Space.

24-26 January 2003Brainstorming Meeting at Beatenberg.The ISSI-Directorate invited seven keyscientist for discussions on ISSI’s futureprogramme.

25 February 2003The Norwegian Ambassador to Switzer-land visited ISSI.

10 March 2003Informal ISSI-Farewell for Hans Balsiger,leaving Director of the Institute ofPhysics, University of Bern.

18 March 20033rd Sun-Earth-Day at ISSI.

25 March 2003Celebration of Reimar Lüst’s 80th birth-day in Bremen. Roger Maurice Bonnet

and Johannes Geiss attended the festiv-ities.

27 March 2003Association Pro-ISSI Lecture ‘CosmicRadiation’, by Erwin Flückiger, Instituteof Physics, University of Bern.

11 April 2003Götz Paschmann was awarded theAlfvén Medal of the EGS at the EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly in Nice,France.

22 May 2003José Achache, Director of EarthObservation, ESA, visited ISSI.

2 June 2003 Mars Express Launch live at ISSI. ESA’slive television launch-coverage wasshown on a large screen at ISSI. About60 invited guests attended the event.

6 June 2003Götz Paschmann celebrated his AlfvénMedal at ISSI.

Nicolas Thomas reaching for Mars (Picture taken at ISSIon the occasion of the Mars Express Event on 2 June2003). Nicolas Thomas is lead scientist for the micro-scope on Beagle-2, the lander of ESA’s Mars Express.

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Events, Seminars, and Media

12-13 June 200315th Meeting of the Science Committee.

13 June 2003 17th Meeting of the Board of Trustees.

ISSI Scientific Seminars

3 December 2002Victoria Buch, Hebrew University,Jerusalem, Israel: Lecture on ‘Inter-action of “Strong” Adsorbates (HCl,NH3) with Ice Surfaces’.

17 June 2003 Werner Mende, Berlin-Brandenburg-ische Akademie der Wissenschaften,Berlin, Germany: Lecture on ‘Compa-rison of GRIP Beryllium10-data and C14-INTCAL-data from the last 9000 yearsand Reconstruction of the historicalSolar Irradiance’.

ISSI in the Media

17 December 2002Article ‘Berner Pioniere auf dem Mond’,explains why Johannes Geiss and otherSwiss scientists played and still playimportant roles in space exploration. ByAlois Feusi, in Neue Zürcher Zeitung,No. 285, page 15.

27 December 2002Article ‘Ein Cocktail von Elementen inder Milchstrasse. Beiträge von Zwerg-galaxien zum interstellaren Medium’,Summary of the results of the ISSI-LoLaGE-Team which were published inThe Astrophysical Journal 578, pp. 862-867, 2002. By Hansjörg Schläpfer, inNeue Zürcher Zeitung, No. 300, page10.

5 February 2003Article ‘International Space ScienceInstitute’, informing about the change

of ISSI’s Executive Director. By sda,Berner Zeitung, page 35.

17 March 2003Article ‘Von Hinterpommern auf denMond. Johannes Geiss — Doyen derSchweizer Weltraumforschung’, Portraitof Johannes Geiss. By Alois Feusi, inNeue Zürcher Zeitung, No. 63, page 11.

April 2003Article ‘International Space ScienceInstitute — Neuer Direktor’, informingabout the change of ISSI’s ExecutiveDirector, unilink, page 8.

20 May 2003 Radio Report ‘Mystery Park: OffeneFragen — offene Antworten’, tellingabout Rudolf von Steiger’s and ChristinaOmlin’s visit of Erich von Däniken’sMystery Park in Interlaken, Switzerland.Broadcasted on Swiss Radio DRS2.

3 June 2003Television Report ‘Start Mars Express’by Roman Banholzer, showing the MarsExpress Launch live at ISSI. Broadcastedin ‘Schweiz Aktuell’, Swiss TelevisionSF1.

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Staff Activities

Listed are activities in which ISSI staff scientists par-ticipated between 1st July 2002 and 30 June 2003. Thisincludes meetings attended, presentations given, lec-tures held, honours received, and ongoing member-ships in space science organisations maintained.

Bonnet, Roger Maurice:

Presentation at the Press Conference ofCRPS (‘Commission de Réflexion sur laPolitique Spatiale’ of the French Ministry),Chairman, Paris, France, 17 January 2003.

Invited Lecture on ‘Space Exploration in theTwenty-first Century’, in honour of R.Sagdeev’s 70th birthday, Moscow, Russia, 21January 2003.

Lecture on ‘L’Etoile Soleil vue de l’Espace’,Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Paris,France, 21 February 2003.

Presentation of ISSI to the NorwegianAmbassador in Switzerland, ISSI, Bern,Switzerland, 25 February 2003.

Participation in the Meetings of theScientific Technical Evaluation Committee(STEC) of the Italian Space Agency (ASI),Rome, Italy, 26-27 February 2003, 31 March2003, 12 May, and 19 June 2003.

Participation in the ESA Green Paper Kick-Off Meeting of the European Union,Bruxelles, Belgium, 6 March 2003.

Meeting with State Secretary CharlesKleiber, Bern, Switzerland, 14 March 2003.

Invited Lecture on ‘La CommunautéScientifique Française et l’Europe Spatiale’,La Colle sur Loup, France, 17 March 2003.

Participation in the Meeting of the IAABoard of Trustees, President Section l, Paris,France, 18 March 2003.

Participation in the Meeting of the COSPARBureau, President, Paris, France, 20–21March 2003.

Participation in the Conference on ‘TheFuture of Space: The Next Strategic Fron-tier’, Eisenhower Institute, Paris, France,1–2 April 2003.

Lecture on ‘Au Coeur du Système Solaire’,Centre Spatiale de Liège, Belgium, 3 April2003.

Lecture on ‘Dix ans de Découverte avecHubble’, Centre Spatiale de Liège, Belgium,4 April 2003.

Participation in the Meeting of the EuropeanUnion on the ESA Green Paper: Discussionon Science, Chairman and Rapporteur,Berlin, Germany, 8 April 2003.

Presentation of ISSI at the ESA-SSACMeeting: Budget Request, Paris, France, 24April 2003.

Invited Lecture on ‘Space Science inEurope’, Space Forum, Kiruna, Sweden, 6May 2003.

Lecture on ‘Le Soleil et la Terre: CoupleTumultueux’, Museum Orléans, France, 13May 2003.

Presentation of ISSI at the ESA-SPC: BudgetRequest, Paris, France, 14 May 2003.

Participation in the Meeting of the EPAC(ESA Exploration Programme AdvisoryCommittee), Paris, France, 14-15 May 2003.

Attendance of the Launch of Mars Express,Baikonur, Kazakhstan, 2 June 2003.

Attendance of the COSPAR Press Confe-rence, President, Paris-Le Bourget, France,18 June 2003.

Invited Lecture on ‘Space Science in theGreen Paper’, Paris, France, 23 June 2003.

Participation in the Meeting of the EuropeanUnion on the ESA Green Paper: ClosingMeeting, Rapporteur, Paris, France, 23–24June 2003.

Invited Lecture at the ‘Académie Nationalede l’Air et de l’Espace’, Paris, France, 24June 2003.

Member of the Scientific Technical Eva-luation Committee (STEC) of ASI (ItalianSpace Agency).

Member of the ‘Académie Nationale de l’Airet de l’Espace’ (ANAE).

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Staff Activities

Directeur de Recherches Emérite au CNRS.

President of the ‘Commission de Réflexionsur la Politique Spatiale’, of the French Ministry.

Chairman and Rapporteur of the ‘GreenPaper of the European Union’.

President of COSPAR.

Chairman of the Basic Science Section ofthe International Academy of Astronautics(IAA).

Advisor of ESA DG for the Aurora Pro-gramme.

Professor at the Faculty of the Liège Uni-versity.

Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences,Sweden.

Member of the Board of Trustees of theInternational Space University.

Geiss, Johannes:

Lecture on ‘The Creation of Prodex’ at theMeeting ‘15 Years of Prodex Activities inSwitzerland’, Thun, Switzerland, 4 October2002.

Lecture on ‘Ions from Comet Hyakutake asseen with Ulysses’, at the Rosetta-RosinaWorkshop, 4–7 March 2003, Schönried,Switzerland.

Lecture on ‘Fritz Houtermans, Physiker des20. Jahrhunderts’ at the ‘Symposium inMemory of the 100th Birthday of ProfessorF.G. Houtermans’, University of Bern,Switzerland, 21 June 2002.

Participation in the Summer School Alpachon ‘Space Weather: Physics, Impacts, andPredictions’, Alpbach, Austria, 23–26 July2002.

Håland, Stein:

Presentation on ‘Multi-Spacecraft Deter-mination of Magnetopause Orientation,Motion and Thickness: Comparison withResults from Single-spacecraft Methods’,(with B. Sonnerup, M. W. Dunlop, A. Balogh,E. Georgescu, H. Hasegawa, B. Klecker, G.

Paschmann, P. Puhl-Quinn, H. Remé, H.Vaith, A. Vaivads), at the Yosemite Con-ference Workshop on the Dayside Magneto-pause and Cusp, Yosemite National Park,USA, 9–14 February 2003.

Presentation on ‘Magnetopause Thicknessand Geometry from Cluster Measurements:Comparison of Multispacecraft and Single-spacecraft techniques’, (with B. Sonnerup,M. W. Dunlop, A. Balogh, E. Georgescu, H.Hasegawa, B. Klecker, G. Paschmann, P.Puhl-Quinn, H. Remé, H. Vaith, A. Vaivads),at the EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly, Nice,France, 8 April 2003.

Presentation on ‘Magnetopause Orientation,Motion and Thickness from Cluster. STAMMS- Spatio Temporal Analysis and MultipointMeasurements in Space’, (with B. Sonnerup,M. Dunlop, A. Balogh, H. Hasegawa, B.Klecker, G. Paschmann, P. Puhl-Quinn, H.Remé, A. Vaivads), Conference on Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Multipoint Measure-ments in Space, Orleans, France, 12–16 May2003.

Kallenbach, Reinald:

Lecture Series on ‘Space Plasma Physics’,University of Bern, Switzerland, secondsemester of the academic year 2003.

Poster Presentation on ‚Suprathermal parti-cles of solar and interstellar origin associat-ed with the April 9–12, 2001, CMEs’, (withK. Bamert, R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, M.Hilchenbach, and B. Klecker), at the 34th

COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Houston, USA,18 October 2002.

Presentation on ‘Suprathermal ions of solarand interstellar origin associated with theBastille Day CME event: Pre-accelerationprocesses and scattering mechanisms’,(with K. Bamert, R.F. Wimmer-Schwein-gruber, B. Klecker, and M. Hilchenbach), atthe 34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly,Houston, USA, 18 October 2002.

Presentation on ‘Progress on CELIAS/STOFdata’, (with K. Bamert), at the 10th CELIASPostlaunch Workshop and Co-I Meeting,Schwarzsee, Switzerland, 6–8 March 2002.

Poster Presentation on ‘Proton beam insta-bilities upstream of a CME shock: SOHO/-CELIAS/HSTOF, ACE/MAG and Geotail/MGF

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data’, (with K. Bamert, N.F. Ness, C.W.Smith, T. Terasawa, M. Hilchenbach, R.F.Wimmer-Schweingruber, and B. Klecker), atthe AGU-EGS-EUG Joint Assembly, Nice,France, 6–11 April 2003.

Presentation on ‘Probing diffusion parame-ters of suprathermal and energetic ions inthe Bastille day CME event’, (with K.Bamert, N.F. Ness, C.W. Smith, M. Hilchen-bach, R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, and B.Klecker), at the AGU-EGS-EUG Joint Assem-bly, Nice, France, 6–11 April 2003.

Presentation on ‘Acceleration and enrich-ment of 3He in impulsive solar flares byelectron firehose waves’, (with G. Paesold,and A.O. Benz), AGU-EGS-EUG Joint As-sembly, Nice, France, 6–11 April 2003.

Member of the American GeophysicalUnion.

Member of the European GeophysicalSociety.

Member of the International AstronomicalUnion.

Manno, Vittorio:

Organisation of and participation in the 22nd

meeting of IACG, Moscow, Russia, 11–12September 2002.

Member of the Expert Panel of theEisenhower Institute Project ‘The Future ofSpace: The Next Strategic Frontier’,Participation in meetings in Paris, France,15–16 July 2002 and 1–2 April 2003.

Executive Secretary of IACG (until 31st

December 2002).

Member of the International Academy ofAstronautics and of its Peer Review Commit-tee.

Paschmann, Götz:

Invited lecture on ‘Plasma entry into themagnetosphere’, at the Summer SchoolAlpach on ‘Space Weather: Physics,Impacts, and Predictions’, Alpbach, Austria,24 July 2002.

Invited talk on ‘Convection in the vicinity ofthe polar cusps’, at the Yosemite Confe-

rence Workshop on the Dayside Magneto-pause and Cusp, Yosemite National Park,USA, 11 February 2003.

Presentation on ‘Polar cap convectionmeasurements with Cluster’, EGS-AGU-EUGJoint Assembly, Nice, France, 11 April 2003.

Invited lecture on ‘Plasmakonvektion in derMagnetosphäre’, Technische UniversitätBraunschweig, Germany, 29 April 2003.

Invited talk on ‘Open questions concerningmagnetopause and cusp: Report from ISSIWorkshop’, at the Conference on Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Multipoint Measure-ments in Space, Orleans, France, 15 May2003.

Presentation on ‘Cluster convection meas-urements in the distant polar magnetos-phere’, Conference on Spatio-TemporalAnalysis and Multipoint Measurements inSpace, Orleans, France, 15 May 2003.

Invited talk on ‘Plasmakonvektion in derMagnetosphäre’, Physikalisches Institut,University of Bern, Switzerland, 21 May2003.

Member of the Space Science AdvisoryCommittee (SSAC), ESA.

Fellow of the American Geophysical Union.

Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Member of the Academy of Astronautics.

Winner of the Alfvén Medal 2003, 11 April2003.

Pauluhn, Anuschka:

Participation in the 33rd Advanced Saas-FeeCourse of the SSAA, Gravitational Lensing,Les Diablerets, Switzerland, 7–12 April2003.

von Steiger, Rudolf:

Seminar talk on ‘From solar wind isotopesto the density of the Universe’, at the De-partment for Atmospheric, Oceanic andSpace Sciences, University of Michigan, AnnArbor, USA, 4 October 2002.

Staff Activities

34

Presentation on ‘Ulysses SWICS Archive CD-ROM 2.0’, at the Ulysses SWT #48, SanAntonio, USA, 10–11 October 2002.

Invited talk on ‘Solar wind at solar maxi-mum’, at the 34th COSPAR ScientificAssembly/2nd World Space Congress,Houston, USA, 10–19 October 2002.

Talk on ‘Latitude dependence of elementabundances in the slow solar wind’ at the34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly/2nd WorldSpace Congress, Houston, USA, 10–19October 2002.

Poster presentation on ‘Latitude depend-ence of element abundances in the slowsolar wind’, at the Fall Meeting of the AGU,San Francisco, USA, 6–10 December 2002.

Colloquium on ‘Heavy Ions in the Solar Windas Diagnostic Tools for Solar Processes’, atPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzer-land, 17 January 2003.

Presentation on ‘The Plasma TransportChain’ at the 3rd Sun Earth Day, ISSI, Bern,Switzerland, 18 March 2003.

Invited poster presentation on ‘CompositionSignatures of Interplanetary Coronal MassEjections’ at the joint EGS-AGU-EUG Assem-bly, Nice, France, 7–11 April 2003.

Presentation on ‚Die wissenschaftlichenZiele der Mission Planck’ at Contraves SpaceAG, Zürich, Switzerland, 12 May 2003.

Presentations on ‘HUGO hat Töne’-approaching the Human Genome Projectwith electronic sounds and freely impro-vised music, at the ‘Tage der Gen-forschung’, Basel, Switzerland, 20 May2003, and Zürich, Switzerland, 23 May 2003.

Seminar talk on ‘Ein Sonnenzyklus mitUlysses’ at the Physikalisches Institut, Uni-versity of Bern, Switzerland, 28 May 2003.

Invited talk on ‘Composition Signatures ofInterplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections’, atthe ISCS Symposium on Solar Variability asInput to the Earth’s Environment, 23–28June 2003.

Co-chair of the COSPAR sub-commissionD2/E3 on ‘Transition from the Sun to theHeliosphere’ (with G. Simnett).

Corresponding member of the InternationalAcademy of Astronautics.

Member of the American AstronomicalSociety.

Member of the American GeophysicalUnion.

Member of the European GeophysicalSociety.

Member of the International AstronomicalUnion.

Staff Activities

35

Staff PublicationsBalogh, A., and R. von Steiger, The helios-phere at solar minimum: Ulysses observa-tions during its fast latitude scan in1994–95, Rev. Geophys., in press, 2003.

Baker, J.B., R.A. Greenwald, J.M. Ruoho-niemi, M. Foerster, G. Paschmann, E.F.Donovan, N.A. Tsyganenko, J.M. Quinn, andA. Balogh, Conjugate comparison ofSuperDARN and Cluster EDI measurementsof ExB plasma drift, J. Geophys. Res., sub-mitted, 2003.

Bamert, K., R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.Kallenbach, M. Hilchenbach, B. Klecker, A.Bogdanov, and P. Wurz, Origin of the May1998 suprathermal particles: SOHO/-CELIAS/(H)STOF results, J. Geophys. Res.,107(A7) 10.1029, 2002.

Bamert, K., R. Kallenbach, R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, M. Hilchenbach, and B.Klecker, Suprathermal Ions of Solar andInterstellar Origin Associated with the April9–12, 2001, CMEs, Adv. Space Res., in press,2003.

Bamert, K., R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.Kallenbach, M. Hilchenbach, and B. Klecker,Charge-to-mass fractionation during injec-tion and acceleration of suprathermal parti-cles associated with the Bastille Day event:SOHO/CELIAS/HSTOF data, in Solar WindTen, edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F.Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 668-671, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Bleeker, J., J. Geiss, and M.C.E. Huber(eds.), The Century of Space Science, pp.3–22, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dord-recht, 2001.

Bonnet, R.M., Pour une Défense SpatialeEuropéenne, Défense No. 105, June 2003.

Bonnet, R.M., Les Défis à l’Horizon 2003:Les grands projets d’Exploration etd’Observation, Revue du Senat, May 2003.

Bonnet, R.M., The ESA Experience,Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy,Volume II, edited by A. Heck, in press, 2003.

Bonnet, R.M., Review of ‘Europe’s SpaceProgramme, to Ariane and Beyond’ by BryanHarvey, Physics World, in press, 2003.

Bonnet, R.M., and T. Pirard, Space Sciencesin the White Paper, The Views of theScientific Community on the UE-ESA Greenpaper on the European Space Policy, Paris,23-24 June 2003.

Bonnet, R.M., F. Allest, S. Chapront, P.Esper, J.C. Hirel, A. Pompidou, M. Scheller,and C. Mathieu, Commission de Réflexionsur la Politique Spatiale, Rapport duMinistère de la Recherhe et des NouvellesTechnologies, 15.1.2003.

Fisk, L.A., G. Gloeckler, T.H. Zurbuchen, J.Geiss, and N.A. Schwadron, Acceleration ofthe Solar Wind as a Result of the Recon-nection of Open Magnetic Flux with CoronalLoops, in Solar Wind Ten, edited by M. Velli,R. Bruno, and F. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol.679, pp. 287-292, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y.,2003.

Geiss, J., and G. Gloeckler, Isotopic Compo-sition of H, He and Ne in the ProtosolarCloud, in Solar System History from IsotopicSignatures of Volatile Elements, edited byR. Kallenbach, T. Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K.Mauersberger, T. Owen and F. Robert, SpaceSciences Series of ISSI, Vol. 16, pp. 3–18,Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,and Space Sci. Rev., 106(1–4), 3, 2003.

Geiss, J., G. Gloeckler, and L.A. Fisk, Inter-stellar Gas Inside the Heliosphere, in TheInterstellar Environment of the Helio-sphere, edited by D. Breitschwerdt, COSPARColloquium Proc., Adv. Space Res., in press,2001.

Geiss, J., G. Gloeckler, and C. Charbonnel,Chemical Evolution in our Galaxy during thelast 5 Gy, Astrophys. J., 578, 862, 2002.

Gloeckler, G., and J. Geiss, Composition ofthe local interstellar medium as diagnosedwith pickup ions, Adv. Space Res., in press,2003.

Listed are all papers written or co-authored by ISSIstaff that were submitted or that appeared between1st July 2002 and 30 June 2003.

36

Staff Publications

Gloeckler, G., T.H. Zurbuchen, and J. Geiss,Implications of the observed anti-correla-tion between solar wind speed and coronalelectron temperature, J. Geophys. Res.,108, pp. SSH 8-1, 2003.

Haaland, S., B.U.Ö. Sonnerup, M.W. Dunlop,A. Balogh, E. Georgescu, H. Hasegawa, B.Klecker, G. Paschmann, P. Puhl-Quinn, H.Rème, H. Vaith, and A. Vaivads, Four-Spacecraft Determination of MagnetopauseOrientation, Motion and Thickness: Compa-rison with Results from Single-spacecraftMethods, Annales Geophysicae, submitted,2003.

Hasegawa, H., B.U.Ö. Sonnerup, M.W.Dunlop, A. Balogh, S.E. Haaland, B. Klecker,G. Paschmann, B. Lavraud, I. Dandouras,and H. Rème, Reconstruction of two-dimen-sional magnetopause structures fromCluster observations: Verification ofmethod, Ann. Geophysicae, submitted,2003.

Hilchenbach, M., H. Sierks, B. Klecker, K.Bamert, and R. Kallenbach, Velocity disper-sion of energetic particles observed bySOHO/CELIAS/STOF, in Solar Wind Ten, edit-ed by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F. Malara, AIPConf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 106-109, AIP Press,Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Izmodenov, V., Y.G. Malama, G. Gloeckler,and J. Geiss, Effects of interstellar andsolar wind ionised helium on the interactionof the solar wind with the local interstellarmedium, Astrophys. J. Lett., 594, in press,2003.

Kallenbach, R., T. Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K.Mauersberger, T. Owen, and F. Robert(eds.), Solar System History from IsotopicSignatures of Volatile Elements, SpaceSciences Series of ISSI, Vol. 16, 425 pp.,Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,and Space Sci. Rev., 106(1–4), 2003.

Kallenbach, R., Isotopic fractionation byplasma processes, in Solar System Historyfrom Isotopic Signatures of Volatile Ele-ments, edited by R. Kallenbach, T.Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K. Mauersberger, T.Owen and F. Robert, Space Sciences Seriesof ISSI, Vol. 16, pp. 305–316, KluwerAcademic Publishers, Dordrecht, and SpaceSci. Rev., 106(1–4), 305, 2003.

Kallenbach, R., and U. Ott, Glossary, inSolar System History from Isotopic Signa-tures of Volatile Elements, edited by R.Kallenbach, T. Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K.Mauersberger, T. Owen and F. Robert, SpaceSciences Series of ISSI, Vol. 16, pp. 413–422,Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,and Space Sci. Rev., 106(1–4), 413, 2003.

Kallenbach, R., F. Robert, J. Geiss, E.Herbst, H. Lammer, B. Marty, T.J. Millar, U.Ott, and R.O. Pepin, Sun and ProtosolarNebula-Working Group Report, in SolarSystem History from Isotopic Signatures ofVolatile Elements, edited by R. Kallenbach,T. Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K. Mauersberger, T.Owen and F. Robert, Space Sciences Seriesof ISSI, Vol. 16, pp. 319–376, KluwerAcademic Publishers, Dordrecht, and SpaceSci. Rev., 106(1–4), 319, 2003.

Kallenbach, R., K. Bamert, M. Hilchenbach,and B. Klecker, Probing Diffusion Para-meters of Suprathermal Ions near Helio-spheric Shocks, Adv. Space Res., in press,2003.

Kallenbach, R., K. Bamert, and R.F.Wimmer-Schweingruber, Charge-to-massFractionation of Suprathermal IonsAssociated with Interplanetary CMEs, inSolar Wind Ten, edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno,and F. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp.672-675, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Matsui H., J.M. Quinn, R.B. Torbert, V.K.Jordanova, W. Baumjohann, P.A. Puhl-Quinn, and G. Paschmann, Electric fieldmeasurements in the inner magnetosphereby Cluster EDI, J. Geophys. Res., submitted,2003.

McComas, D.J., P.A. Bochsler, L.A. Fisk,H.O. Funsten, J. Geiss, G. Gloeckler, M.Gruntman, D.L. Judge, S.M. Krimigis, R.P.Lin, S. Livi, D.G. Mitchell, E. Möbius, E.C.Roelof, N.A. Schwadron, M. Witte, J. Woch,P. Wurz, and T.H. Zurbuchen, InterstellarPathfinder — a Mission to the Inner Edge ofthe Interstellar Medium, in Solar Wind Ten,edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F. Malara,AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 834-837, AIPPress, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Neugebauer, M., and R. von Steiger, Thesolar wind, in The Century in Space Science,edited by J. Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M. C. E.

37

Huber, pp. 1115–1140, Kluwer AcademicPublishers, Dordrecht, 2001.

Noda, H., W. Baumjohann, R. Nakamura, K.Torkar, G. Paschmann, H. Vaith, P. Puhl-Quinn, M. Foerster, R. Torbert, and J.Quinn, Tail lobe convection observed byCluster/EDI, J. Geophys. Res., submitted,2002.

Oestgaard, N., D.L . Detrick, T.J. Rosen-berg, R. R. Vondrak, H.U. Frey, S.B. Mende,S.E. Haaland, and J. Stadsnes, High-latitudedayside energetic precipitation and IMF B_Zrotations, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A4), 8013,doi:10.1029/2002JA009350, 2003.

Paesold, G., R. Kallenbach, and A.O. Benz,Acceleration and enrichment of 3He inimpulsive solar flares by electron firehosewaves, Astrophys. J., 582, 495, 2003.

Paschmann, G., S. Haaland, and R.Treumann (eds.), Auroral Plasma Physics,Space Sciences Series of ISSI, Vol. 15, 485pp., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dord-recht, and Space Sci. Rev., 103(1-4), 2002.

Pauluhn, A., and S.K. Solanki, Surface mag-netic fields and UV radiance of the quietSun, in Magnet Coupling of the SolarAtmosphere, SOLMAG 2002, Proc. Euro-conference and IAU Colloquium 188, ESA SP-505, pp. 521–524, 2002.

Pauluhn, A., and S.K. Solanki, Dependenceof UV radiance of the quiet Sun on the solarcycle: surface magnetic fields as the cause,Astron. Astrophys, in press, 2003.

Pauluhn, A., M.C.E. Huber, and R. vonSteiger (eds.), The Radiometric Calibrationof SOHO, ISSI Scientific Report No. 2, 387pp., ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk,2002.

Pauluhn, A., M.C.E. Huber, and R. vonSteiger, Foreword, in The RadiometricCalibration of SOHO, ISSI Scientific ReportNo. 2, edited by A. Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huberand R. von Steiger, pp. v–viii, ESAPublications Division, Noordwijk, 2002.

Pauluhn, A., J. Lang, U. Schühle, S.K.Solanki, K. Wilhelm, W.T. Thompson, C.D.Pike, I. Rüedi, J. Hollandt, and M.C.E.Huber, Intercalibration of CDS and SUMER,in The Radiometric Calibration of SOHO, ISSI

Scientific Report No. 2, edited by A.Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huber and R. von Steiger,pp. 235–247, ESA Publications Division,Noordwijk, 2002.

Pauluhn, A., J. Lang, E.R. Breeveld, S.K.Solanki, and U. Schühle, Intercalibration ofSUMER and CDS on SOHO. III. SUMER andCDS GIS, Applied Optics, 42, 657, 2003.

Rodriguez, L., J. Woch, N. Krupp, M. Fränz,R. von Steiger, R. J. Forsyth, D.J. McComas,and K.-H. Glassmeier, A statistical study ofoxygen freezing-in temperature and ener-getic particles inside magnetic cloudsobserved by Ulysses, J. Geophys. Res, sub-mitted, 2003.

Simeonov, L., M. Hilchenbach, B. Klecker, R.Kallenbach, K. Bamert, and D. McMullin,Dispersion of time-to-maximum of solarparticle events: Function of charge-to-massof the suprathermal ions?, Proc. of the 9thConf. on Contemporary problems of theSolar-Terrestrial Influences, pp. 85-88.

von Steiger, R., and T.H. Zurbuchen,Temperature anisotropies of heavy solarwind ions from Ulysses-SWICS, in Solar WindTen, edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F.Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 526-529, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

von Steiger, R., and T.H. Zurbuchen, Com-position signatures of interplanetary coro-nal mass ejections, in Solar Variability asInput for the Earth’s Environment, edited byA. Wilson, ESA SP Series, in press, 2003.Zhang, J., J. Woch, S.K. Solanki, R. vonSteiger, and R.J. Forsyth, Interplanetaryand solar surface properties of coronalholes observed during solar maximum, J.Geophys. Res., 108(A4), doi: 10.1029/-2002JA009538, 2003.

Zurbuchen, T.H., L.A. Fisk, S.T. Lepri, andR. von Steiger, The Composition of Inter-planetary Coronal Mass Ejection, in SolarWind Ten, edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, andF. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 604-607, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Staff Publications

38

Visitor Publications

Listed are all papers written or co-authored by ISSI vis-itors, with some acknowledgement to ISSI, that ap-peared or were accepted for publication between1st July 2002 and 30 June 2003.

Alexashov, D., and V.V. Izmodenov, Modelingof the tail region of the heliospheric inter-face, in Solar Wind Ten, edited by M. Velli,R. Bruno, and F. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol.679, pp. 218-221, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y.,2003.

Alexashov, D., V.V. Izmodenov, and S.Grzedzielski, Effects of charge exchange inthe tail of the heliosphere, Adv. Space Res.,in press, 2003

Balikhin, M.A., O.A. Pokhotelov, S.N.Walker, E. Amata, M. Andre, M. Dunlop, andH.St.C.K. Alleyne, Minimum variance freewave identification: Application to Clusterelectric field data in the magnetosheath.Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(10), 1508, doi:10.1029/2003GL016918, 2003.

Balikhin, M.A., O.A. Pokhotelov, S.N.Walker, and M. Andre, Identification of lowfrequency waves in the vicinity of the ter-restrial bow shock, Planet. Space Sci., inpress, 2003.

Beloff, N., P.F. Denisenko, O.A. Maltseva,M.P. Gough, S.I. Klimov, M.N. Nozdrachev,H. Alleyne, and I. Bates, Use of topsidesounding with IRI model to study the elec-tron density in Plasmasphere andIonosphere, Radio Sci., in press, 2003.

Beloff, N., P.F. Denisenko, I.I. Ivanov, O.A.Maltseva, M.P. Gough, S.I. Klimov, M.N.Nozdrachev, H. Alleyne, and I. Bates, Stormtime changes in total electron content inionosphere measured by low orbiting top-side sounder, Ann. Geophys., in press, 2003.

Berezhko, E.G., L.T. Ksenofontov, V.S.Ptuskin, V.N. Zirakashvili, and H.J. Völk:Cosmic ray production in supernova rem-nants including reacceleration: the second-ary to primary ratio, Astron. Astrophys., inpress, 2003.

Biagi, P.F., R. Piccolo, A. Ermini, S.Martellucci, C. Bellecci, G. Perna, V.Capozzi, O.A. Molchanov, and M. Hayakawa,Variations in a LF radio-signal on the occa-

sion of the recent seismic and volcanicactivity occurred in Southern Italy, Specialissue of Phys. Chem. Earth, in press, 2003.

Bleeker, J., J. Geiss, and M.C.E. Huber(eds.), The Century of Space Science,Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,2001.

Bleeker, J., J. Geiss, and M.C.E. Huber, thefirst chapter in The Century of Space Scien-ce, edited by J. Bleeker, J. Geiss, andM.C.E. Huber, Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht, 2001.

Chalov, S., H. Fahr, and V.V. Izmodenov,Evolution of pickup proton spectra in theinner heliosheath and their diagnostics byenergetic neutral atom fluxes, J. Geophys.Res., 108(A6), 1266, doi: 10.1029/-2002JA009492, 2003.

Chalov, S.V., V.V. Izmodenov, and H.J. Fahr,Spatial behaviour of pickup proton spectrain the inner heliosheath and fluxes of ener-getic atoms, Adv. Space Res., in press,2003.

Clauer, C.R., and V.G. Petrov,.A statisticalinvestigation of travelling convection vor-tices observed by the west coast Greenlandmagnetometer chain, J. Geophys. Res.,107(7), doi: 10.10029/2001JA000228, 2002.

Colangeli, L., Th. Henning, J.R. Brucato, D.Clément, D. Fabian, O. Guillois, F. Huisken,C. Jaeger, E.K. Jessberger, A. Jones, G.Ledoux, G. Manicò, V. Mennella, F.J.Molster, H. Mutschke, V. Pirronello, C.Reynaud, J. Roser, G. Vidali, and L.B.F.M.Waters, The role of laboratory experimentsin the characterization of silicon-based cos-mic material, Astron. Astrophys. Rev., 11,97-152, 2003.

Ehrenfreund, P., L. Becker, J. Blank, J.R.Brucato, L. Colangeli, S. Derenne, D.Despois,.A. Dutrey, H. Fraaije, W. Irvine, A.Lazcano, T. Owen, and F. Robert.,Astrophysical and Astrochemical Insightsinto the Origin of Life, Reports on Progressin Physics, 65, 1427-1487, 2002.

Feldstein, Y.I., L. Dremukhina, A. Levitin,U. Mall, I.I. Alexeev, and V.V. Kalegaev,Energetics of the magnetosphere during themagnetic storm, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,65, 429-446, 2003.

39

Feldstein, Y.I., L. Gromova, I.I. Alexeev, andV.V. Kalegaev, Magnetic fields of the magne-tospheric current systems on the Earth’ssurface in the interval of the InternationalSolar- Terrestrial Physics Program magneticstorm, Cosmic Res., 41(N4), in press, 2003.

Feldstein, Y.I., B. Tsurutani, A. Prigancova,W. Gonzalez, A. Levitin, J. Kozira, L.Alperovich, U. Mall, L. Gromova, and L.Dremukhina, The magnetospheric responseto a two-stream interval during solar maxi-mum: a self-consistent magnetosphericmodel, Proc. ISCS Symposium 2003, editedby A.Wilson, ESA SP-539, in press, 2003.

Florinski, V., G.P. Zank, and N.V. Pogorelov,Galactic cosmic ray transport in the globalheliosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A6),1228, doi: 10.1029/2002JA009695, 2002.

Fujii, Z., F. McDonald, and H. Moraal, Cos-mic ray diffusion coefficients in the helios-phere at solar maximum, Adv. Space Res., inpress, 2003.

Fuselier, S.A., J. Berchem, K.J.Trattner, andR. Friedel, Tracing ions in the cusp and low-latitude boundary layer using multispace-craft observations and a global MHD simula-tion, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A9), 1226. doi:10.1029/2001JA000130, 2002.

Gangopadhyay, P., V.V. Izmodenov, M.Gruntman, and D. Judge, Interpretation ofPioneer 10 Lyman-alpha based on helios-pheric interface models: methodology andfirst results, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A11),1387, doi: 10.1029/2002JA009345, 2002.

Gangopadhyay, P., V.V. Izmodenov, E.Quémerais, and M.A. Gruntman, Inter-pretation of Pioneer 10 and Voyager 2Lyman Alpha data: first results, Adv. SpaceRes., in press, 2003.

Geiss, J., G. Gloeckler, and C. Charbonnel,Chemical evolution in our Galaxy during thelast 5 Gy, Astrophys. J., 578, 862-867, 2002.

Hada, T., M. Onishi., B. Lembege, and P.Savoini, Shock front nonstationarity ofsupercritical perpendicular shocks, J.Geophys. Res., 108(A6), 1233, 2003.

Hobara, Y., M. Parrot, F. Lefeuvre, and O.A.Molchanov, Ionospheric turbulence associat-ed with seismic activity from Aureol-3 satel-

lite data, Special issue of Phys. Chem.Earth, in press, 2003.

Hofer, M.Y., R.G. Marsden, T.R. Sanderson,and C. Tranquille, From the Sun’s south tothe north pole. Ulysses COSPIN/LET compo-sition measurements at solar maximum,Ann. Geophys., 21, 1383–1391, 2003.

Hofer, M.Y., R.G. Marsden, T.R. Sanderson,C. Tranquille, and R.J. Forsyth, Transitionto solar minimum at high solar latitudes:energetic particles from corotating interac-tion regions, Geophys. Res. Lett., in press,2003.

Hollandt, J., M. Kühne, M.C.E. Huber, andB. Wende, Source standards for the radio-metric calibration of astronomical instru-ments in the VUV spectral range traceableto the primary standard BESSY, in TheRadiometric Calibration of SOHO, ISSIScientific Report No. 2, edited by A.Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huber and R. von Steiger,pp. 51-68, ESA Publication Division,Noordwijk, 2002.

Huebner, W.F., and D.C. Boice, A quantativemodel for Comet nucleus topography, Adv.Space Res., in press, 2003.

Huebner, W.F., D.C. Boice, and N.A.Schwadron, Sungrazing comets as solarprobes, Adv. Space Res., in press, 2003.

Hultqvist, B., Earth’s magnetosphere, TheCentury of Space Science, edited by J.Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M.C.E. Huber, pp.1529-1558, Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht, 2001.

Izmodenov, V.V., Models of solar wind inter-action with the local interstellar cloud, inThe Interstellar Environment of the Helio-sphere, edited by D. Breitschwerdt, COSPARColloquium Proc., Adv. Space Res., in press,2002.

Izmodenov, V.V., and D. Alexashov, A Modelfor the tail region of the heliospheric inter-face, Astron. Lett., 29(1), 58-63, 2003.

Izmodenov, V.V, G. Gloeckler, and Y.Malama, When will Voyager 1 and 2 crossthe termination shock? Geophys. Res. Lett.,30(7), doi: 10.1029/2002GL016127, 2002.

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Izmodenov, V.V., B.E. Wood, and R.Lallement, HST Lyman-alpha absorptionspectra towards nearby stars as a remotediagnostic of the heliosheath plasma prop-erties, in Solar Wind Ten, edited by M. Velli,R. Bruno, and F. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol.679, pp. 63-66, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y.,2003.

Izmodenov, V.V., B.E. Wood, and R.Lallement, Hydrogen wall and heliosheathLy-alpha absorption toward nearby stars:possible constraints on the heliosphericinterface plasma flow, J. Geophys. Res.,107(A10), 1308, doi: 10.1029/-2002JA009394, 2002.

Izmodenov, V.V., P. Gangopadhyay, M.Gruntman, and D. Judge, InterstellarPioneer 10 EUV data: possible constraints onthe Local Interstellar parameters, in SolarWind Ten, edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, andF. Malara, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 198-201, AIP Press, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Izmodenov, V.V., Y. Malama, G. Gloeckler,and J. Geiss, Effects of interstellar andsolar wind ionized helium on the interactionof the solar wind with the local interstellarmedium, Astrophys. J. Lett., 594, in press,2003.

Jovanovic, D., and P.K. Shukla, Nonlineartheory for Debye shielding of a dust grain byorbiting ions, Phys. Lett. A, 300, 285-290,2002.

Jovanovic, D., and P.K. Shukla, Collisionlessreconnection of magnetic field lines industy plasmas, Plasma Phys., 9(10), 4127-4134, 2002.

Jovanovic, D., P. K. Shukla, L. Stenflo, andF. Pegoraro, Non-linear Model for Electronphase-space holes in magnetised spaceplasmas, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A7), doi:10.1029/2001JA900180, 2002.

Király, P., State and prospects of solar-helios-pheric energetic particle research, J. Phys.G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 29, 953-963, 2003.

Klimov, S.I., M.N. Nozdrachev, N. Beloff,M.P. Gough, H.St.C.K. Alleyne, I. Bates, P.F.Denisenko, O.R. Grigoryan, V.A. Grushin, K.Kudela, and Yu. Lissakov, Substorm July 30,1999 correlated “ACE”, INTERBALL-1 and

Orbital Station “MIR” measurements, Ann.Geophys., in press, 2003.

Korotova, G. I., D.G. Sibeck, H. Singer, andT. Rosenberg, Tracking transient eventsthrough geosynchronous orbit and in thehigh latitude ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res.,doi: 10.1029/2002JA009477, SMP6-1-SMP6-18, 2002.

LaBelle, J., and R.A. Treumann, Auroralradio emissions, 1. Hisses, roars, andbursts, Space Sci. Rev., 101, 295-440, 2002.

LaBelle, J., R.A. Treumann, P.H. Yoon, andM. Karlicky, A model of Zebra emission insolar type IV radio bursts, Astrophysics J.,in press, 2003.

Lallement, R., J. Raymond, and J. Vallerga,Diagnostics of the Local Interstellar Mediumusing Particles and UV radiation, Adv. SpaceRes., in press, 2003.

Lallement, R., J.C. Raymond, J.-L. Bertaux,E. Quemerais, Y.-K. Ko, M. Uzzo, D.McMullin, and D. Rucinski, Solar CycleDependence of the Helium Focusing ConeFrom SOHO/UVCS Observations: Electronimpact rates and associated pickup ions,Astron. Astrophysics, in press, 2003.

Lembege, B., Ph. Savoini, M. Balikhin, S.Walker, and V.V. Krasnosselskikh, Demag-netization of transmitted electrons througha quasi-perpendicular collisionless shock, J.Geophys. Research,. 108(A6), 1256,doi:10.1029/2002JA009288, 2003.

Levitin, A., Y.I. Feldstein, and L.Dremukhina, Energetics of the magnetos-phere during the magnetic disturbance ofNovember 24, 1986, Geomagn. Aeronomie,43(N4), in press, 2003.

Liperovskaya, E.V., M. Parrot, O.A.Pokhotelov, and M.A. Balikhin, Electro-magnetic effects of lithosphere origin in theionospheric F-layer, Annals of Geophysics,in press, 2003.

Liperovskaya, E.V., O.A. Pokhotelov, Y.Hobara, and M. Parrot, Variability of spo-radic E layer semi transparency (foEs-fbEs)with magnitude and distance from earth-quake epicenters to vertical sounding sta-tions, Annals of Geophysics, in press, 2003.


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Logachev, YU.I., K. Kecskemety, and M.A.Zeldovich, Energy spectra of low-flux pro-tons in the inner Heliosphere under quietsolar conditions, Solar Physics, 208, 141-166, 2002.

Mamun, A.A., and P.K. Shukla, Electron-acoustic solitary waves via vortex electrondistribution, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A7), doi:10.1029/2001JA009131, 2002.

McDonald, F., Z.. Fujii, B. Heikkila, and N.Lal, The radial distribution of cosmic rays inthe heliosphere at solar minimum and solarmaximum, Adv. Space Res., in press, 2003.

Möbius, E., Where do we go with Solar andHeliospheric Physics? in Solar Wind Ten,edited by M. Velli, R. Bruno, and F. Malara,AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 679, pp. 799-806, AIPPress, Melville, N.Y., 2003.

Molchanov, O.A. , O.A. Akentieva, V.V.Afonin, E.A. Mareev, and M. Hayakawa,Plasma density-electric field turbulence inthe low-latitude ionosphere from observa-tion on satellites, possible connection withseismicity, Special issue of Phys. Chem.Earth, in press, 2003.

Molchanov, O.A., A.Yu. Schekotov, E.N.Fedorov, G.G. Belyaev, M. Solovieva, and M.Hayakawa, Preseismic ULF effect and possi-ble interpretation, Annals of Geophysics, inpress, 2003.

Molchanov, O.A., A.Yu. Schekotov , E.N.Fedorov, and M. Hayakawa, IonosphericAlfven Resonances events from observationat Kamchatka, Special Phys. Chem. Earth,in press, 2003.

Moretto, T., M. Hesse, A. Yahnin, A. Ieda, D.Murr, and J.F. Watermann, Magnetosphericsignature of an ionospheric travelling con-vection vortex event, J. Geophys. Res.,107(A6), doi: 10.1029/2001JA000049, 2002.

Oka, M., T. Terasawa, H. Noda, Y. Saito, andT. Mukai, Torus’ distribution of interstellarhelium pickup ions: Direct observation,Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, doi: 10.1029/-2002GL015111, 2002.

Onishchenko, O.G., O.A. Pokhotelov, R.Z.Sagdeev, L. Stenflo, V.P. Pavlenko, and P.K.Shukla, Modification of Kolmogorov spectraof weakly turbulent shear Alfven waves by

dust grains, Phys. Plasmas, 10(1), 69-74,2003.

Pauluhn, A., M.C.E. Huber, and R. vonSteiger, Foreword, in The RadiometricCalibration of SOHO, ISSI Scientific ReportNo. 2, edited by A. Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huberand R. von Steiger, pp. v-viii, ESAPublication Division, Noordwijk, 2002.

Pauluhn, A., J. Lang, U. Schühle, S.K.Solanki, K. Wilhelm, W.T. Thompson, C.D.Pike, I. Rüedi, J. Hollandt, and M.C.E.Huber, Intercalibration of CDS and SUMER,in The Radiometric Calibration of SOHO, ISSIScientific Report No. 2, edited by A.Pauluhn, A., M.C.E. Huber and R. vonSteiger, pp. 235-248, ESA PublicationDivision, Noordwijk, 2002.

Pokhotelov, O.A., O.G. Onishchenko, R.Z.Sagdeev, and R.A. Treumann, Nonlineardynamics of inertial Alfven waves in theupper ionosphere. Parametric generation ofelectrostatic convective cells, J. Geophys.Res., 108(A7), 1291, doi: 10.1029/-2003JA009888, 2003.

Pokhotelov, O.A., I. Sandberg, R.Z. Sagdeev,R.A. Treumann, M.A. Balikhin, O.G.Onishchenko, and V.P. Pavlenko, Slow driftmirror modes in space plasmas: Hydro-dynamic and kinetic instabilities, J.Geophys. Res., 108(A3), 1098, doi:10.1029/2002JA009651, 2003.

Pokhotelov, O.A., R.A. Treumann, R.Z.Sagdeev, M.A. Balikhin, O.G. Onishchenko,V.P. Pavlenko, and I. Sandberg, Linear theo-ry of the mirror instability in nonMaxwellians space plasmas, J. of Geophys.Res., 107(A10), 1312, doi: 1029/-2001JA009125, 2002.

Popova, O., W.K. Hartmann, I. Nemtchinov,D. Richardson, and B. Ivanov, Crater clus-ters on Mars: Shedding light on Martianmeteorite launch conditions, MeteoriticsPlanet. Sci., in press, 2003.

Pottelette, R., R.A. Treumann, M. Bertho-mier, and J. Jasperse, Electrostatic shockproperties inferred from AKR fine structure,Nonlin. Proc. Geophys. 10, 87-92, 2003.

Ptuskin, V.S., and V.N. Zirakashvili, Limitson diffusive shock acceleration in superno-

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va remnants, Astron. Astrophys., 403, 1-10,2003.

Quémerais, E., and V.V. Izmodenov, Effectsof the heliospheric interface on the inter-planetary Lyman-alpha glow at 1 AU fromthe Sun, Astron. Astrophys., 396, 269-281,2002.

Quémerais, E., J.-L. Bertaux, R. Lallement,B. Sandel, and V.V. Izmodenov, Voyager1/UVS Lyman-alpha glow data from 1993 to2003: the hydrogen distribution in theupwind outer heliosphere, J. Geophys. Res.,in press, 2003.

Rucinski, D., M. Bzowski, and H.J. Fahr,Imprints from the solar cycle on the heliumatom and helium pick-up ion distributions,Ann. Geophys., 21(N6), 1315-1330, 2003.

Savin, S., J. Buechner, G. Consolini, B.Nikutowski, L. Zelenyi, E. Amata, H.U.Auster, J. Bleck, E. Dubinin, K. H. Fornacon,H. Kawano, S. Klimov, F. Marcucci, Z.Nemecek, A. Pedersen, J.L. Rauch, S.Romanov, J. Safrankova, J.A. Sauvaud, A.Skalsky, P. Song, and Yu. Yermolaev, On theproperties of turbulent boundary layer overpolar cusps, Nonlinear Processes inGeophys., 9, 443–445, 2002

Savin, S.P., L. Zelenyi, S.A. Romanov, S.I.Klimov, A.A. Skalsky, A.A. Galeev, V.N.Smirnov, M.N. Nozdrachev,Yu.I. Yermolaev,L.A. Avanov, E. Amata, J. Blecki, J.Buechner, B. Nikutowski, E.M. Dubinin, Z.Nemecek, J. Safrankova, A. Pedersen, J.L.Rauch, J. Rustenbach, J.-A. Sauvaud, P.Song, and K.Stasiewicz, Turbulent boundarylayer at the border of geomagnetic trap,JETP Letters, 74(11), 547-551, 2001.

Savin, S., L. Zelenyi, N. Maynard, I.Sandahl, H. Kawano, C.T. Russell, S.Romanov, E. Amata, L. Avanov, J. Blecki, J.Buechner, G. Consolini, G. Gustafsson, S.Klimov, F. Marcucci, Z. Nemecek, B.Nikutowski, J. Pickett, J.L. Rauch, J.Safrankova, A. Skalsky, V. Smirnov, K.Stasiewicz, P. Song , J.G. Trotignon, and Yu.Yermolaev, Multi-Spacecraft Tracing ofTurbulent Boundary Layer, Adv. Space Res.,12, 2821-2830, 2002.

Savin, S., L. Zelenyi, S. Romanov, I.Sandahl, J. Pickett, E. Amata, L. Avanov, J.Blecki, E. Budnik, J. Buechner, C. Cattell,

G. Consolini , J. Fedder, S. Fuselier, H.Kawano, S. Klimov, V. Korepanov, D.Lagoutte, F. Marcucci, M. Mogilevsky, Z.Nemecek, B. Nikutowski, M. Nozdrachev, M.Parrot, J.L. Rauch, V. Romanov, T.Romantsova, T. Russell, J. Safrankova, J. A.Sauvaud, A. Skalsky, V. Smirnov,K.Stasiewicz, J.G. Trotignon, and Yu.Yermolaev, Magnetosheath-Cusp interface,Ann. Geophys., in press, 2003.

Shukla, P.K., Resistive tearing mode insta-bility in partially ionized dusty plasma,Phys. Plasmas, 9, 9,4082-4084, 2002.

Shukla, P.K., L. Stenflo, M. Rosenberg, andD.P. Resendes, Dynamics of Farley-Bunemanfluctuations in the presence of radarbeams, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A10), 1311,doi: 10.1029/2002JA009408, 2002.

Shukla, P.K., L. Stenflo, A.A. Mamun, D.P.Resendes, and G. Sorasio, Acceleration ofdust grains by means of electromagneticcyclotron waves, J. Geophys. Res.,107(A10), 1293, doi: 10.1029/2002JA0093-21,2002.

Shukla, P.K., L. Stenflo, and G.M. Morfill,Nonlinear instability of dust ion-acousticwaves in a plasma with strongly correlateddust grains, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 30, inpress, 2002.

Sibeck, D.G., N.B. Trivedi, E. Zesta, R.B.Decker, H.J. Singer, A. Szabo, H. Tachihara,and J. Watermann, Pressure-pulse interac-tion with the magnetosphere and iono-sphere, J. Geophys. Res., doi: 10.1029/-2002JA009675, 2003.

Smith, P.L., and M.C.E. Huber, Spectro-radiometry for Solar physics in space, in TheRadiometric Calibration of SOHO, ISSIScientific Report No. 2, edited by A.Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huber and R. von Steiger,pp. 21-36, ESA Publication Division,Noordwijk, 2002.

Sorokin, V.M., E.N. Fedorov, A. Yu.Schekotov, O.A. Molchanov, and M.Hayakawa, Depression of the ULF Geomag-netic Pulsation Related to Occurrence ofthe Ionospheric Irregularities, Annals ofGeophysics, in press, 2003.

Starkov, G.V., B.V.Rezhenov, V.V.Vorobjev,and Y.I.Feldstein, Planetary distribution of


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the auroral precipitations and their connec-tion with auroral luminosity regions,Geomagn. Aeron., in press, 2003.

Stenuit, H., M. Fujimoto, S.A.Fuselier, J.-A.Sauvaud, S. Wing, A. Fedorov, E. Bunik, S.P.Savin, K.J. Trattner, V. Angelopoulos, J.Bonnell, T.D. Phan, T. Mukai, and A.Pedersen, Multispacecraft study on thedynamics of the dusk flank magnetosphereunder northward IMF: January 10-11, 1997,J. Geophys. Res., 107(A10), 1333, doi:10.1029/2002JA009246, 2002.

Treumann, R.A., An attempt of formulatingthe principles of a generalized-Lorentzianquantum mechanics. Phys. Scripta, 66, 417-424, 2002.

Treumann, R.A., and R. Pottelette, Particleacceleration in the magnetosphere and itsimmediate environment, Adv. Space Res.30, 1623-1628, 2002.

Treumann, R.A, and M. Scholer, The magne-tosphere as a plasma laboratory, in TheCentury of Space Science, edited by J.Bleeker, J. Geiss, and M.C.E. Huber, pp.1495-1528, Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht, 2001.

Tronin, A., O.A. Molchanov, and P.F. Biagi,Thermal anomalies and well observations inKamchatka, Int. J. Remote Sensing, inpress, 2003.

Tronin, A., P.F. Biagi., O.A. Molchanov, A.Khatkevich, and E. Gordeeev, Temperaturevariations related to earthquakes fromsimultaneous observation at the ground sta-tions and by satellites above Kamchatkaarea, Special Issue of Phys. Chem. Earth, inpress, 2003.

Vorobjev, V.V., O.I. Yagodkina, G.V. Starkov,and Y.I. Feldstein, Substorm in midnightauroral precipitation, Ann.Geophys., inpress, 2003.

Wilhelm, K., U. Schühle, W. Curdt, I.E.Dammasch, J. Hollandt, P. Lemaire, andM.C.E. Huber, Solar vacuum-ultravioletRadiometry with SUMER, in The RadiometricCalibration of SOHO, ISSI Scientific ReportNo. 2, edited by A. Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huberand R. von Steiger, pp. 145-160, ESAPublication Division, Noordwijk, 2002.

Witte, M., M. Banaszkiewicz, H. Rosen-bauer, D. McMullin, Kinetic parameters ofinterstellar neutral helium: Updated resultsfrom the Ulysses/GAS instrument, Adv.Space Sci., in press, 2003.

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Special Publications

Interstellar Dust and the Heliosphere isa special reprint volume based on anISSI activity. It is reprinted from theJournal of Geophysical Research 105,10,237-10,417, 2000.

Copies of this volume are available atthe ISSI secretariat (please e-mail to:[email protected]).

The Century of Space Science, editedby Johan A.M. Bleeker, Johannes Geissand Martin C.E. Huber, and supportedby ISSI, is a major two-volume collec-tion of contributions of about 90authors from Europe, Japan, Russia andthe USA — many of them participants inISSI’s scientific programme. In 68 chap-ters, the two volumes give a balancedand unique first hand account of spacescience during the second half of the20th century and the impact of spacescience on our perception of the worldaround us: “The authors of these well-written and well-illustrated essaysinclude many pioneers of space sci-ences, as well as many of today’s mostprestigious practitioners. The result is atruly unique publishing accomplish-ment: a splendid collection of authori-tative reviews that transcends academ-ic disciplines” (Paul Hodge in Nature, Vol. 421, p. 316, 2003).

For detailed information and free pre-view of every chapter visit: www.the-centuryofspacescience.com.

The Century of Space Science

Interstellar Dust and theHeliosphere

45

ISSI Volumes

These volumes may be ordered directly from Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,NL, or for a substantially reduced price through ISSI. If you are interested in buyingour books, please e-mail your order to [email protected]. Formore information, see the websites www.issi.unibe.ch (Publications) orwww.wkap.nl/prod/s/SSSI. All prices are based on the information given on theKluwer website.

Space Sciences Series of ISSI (SSSI): Published Volumes

Volume 1: The Heliosphere in the Local Interstellar MediumR. von Steiger, R. Lallement, and M.A. Lee (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inNovember 1995, published in October 1996. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume78, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-4320-4, ISSI price Euro 60.40.

Volume 2: Transport Across the Boundaries of the MagnetosphereB. Hultqvist, and M. Øieroset (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in September1996, published in October 1997. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 80, Nos.1–2. ISBN 0-7923-4788-9, ISSI price Euro 61.60.

Volume 3: Cosmic Rays in the HeliosphereL.A. Fisk, J.R., Jokipii, G.M. Simnett, R. von Steiger, and K.-P. Wenzel (eds.), Proceedingsof two ISSI-Workshops held in October 1996, March 1997 respectively, published in May 1998.Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 83, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-5069-3, ISSI priceEuro 52.60.

Volume 4: Primordial Nuclei and Their Galactic EvolutionN. Prantzos, M. Tosi, and R. von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in May1997, published in August 1998. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 84, Nos.1–2. ISBN 0-7923-5114-2, ISSI price Euro 50.

Volume 5: Solar Composition: From Core to CoronaC. Fröhlich, M.C.E. Huber, S.K. Solanki, and Rudolf von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in January 1998, published in December 1998. Reprinted from Space ScienceReviews, Volume 85, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-5496-6, ISSI price Euro 63.60.

Volume 6: Magnetospheric Plasma Sources and LossesB. Hultqvist, M. Øieroset, G. Paschmann, and R. Treumann (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in October 1997, published in September 1999. Reprinted from SpaceScience Reviews, Volume 88, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-5846-5, ISSI price Euro 70.80.

Volume 7: Corotating Interaction RegionsA. Balogh, J.T. Gosling, J.R. Jokipii, R. Kallenbach, and H. Kunow (eds.), Proceedings of anISSI-Workshop held in June 1998, published in January 2000. Reprinted from Space ScienceReviews, Volume 89, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-6080-X, ISSI price Euro 59.

Volume 8: Composition and Origin of Cometary MaterialsK. Altwegg, P. Ehrenfreund, J. Geiss, and W.F. Huebner (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in September 1998, published in January 2000. Reprinted from Space ScienceReviews, Volume 90, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-6154-7, ISSI price Euro 61.80.

Volume 9: From Dust to Terrestrial PlanetsW. Benz, R. Kallenbach, and G. Lugmair (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inFebruary 1999, published in October 2000. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume92, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-6467-8, ISSI price Euro 62.60.

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Space Sciences Series of ISSI (SSSI): Forthcoming Volumes

Volume 17: Earth Gravity from Space — From Sensors to EarthSciencesG. Beutler, M. Drinkwater, R. Rummel, and R. von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in March 2002, to be published in summer 2003.

Volume 18: Magnetism of MarsD. Winterhalter, M. Acuña, and A. Zakharov (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inOctober 2001, to be published in winter 2003.

Volume 10: Cosmic Rays and EarthJ.W. Bieber, E. Eroshenko, P. Evenson, E.O. Flückiger, and R. Kallenbach (eds.), Proceedingsof an ISSI-Workshop held in March 1999, published in December 2000. Reprinted from SpaceScience Reviews, Volume 93, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-6712-X, ISSI price Euro 61.60.

Volume 11: Solar Variability and ClimateE. Friis-Christensen, C. Fröhlich, J.D. Haigh, M. Schüssler, and R. von Steiger (eds.),Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in June 1999, published in December 2000. Reprintedfrom Space Science Reviews, Volume 94, Nos. 1–2. ISBN 0-7923-6741-3, ISSI price Euro63.60.

Volume 12: Chronology and Evolution of MarsR. Kallenbach, J. Geiss and W.K. Hartmann (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inApril 2000, published in September 2001. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume96, Nos. 1–4. ISBN 0-7923-7051-1, ISSI price Euro 71.60.

Volume 13: The Astrophysics of Galactic Cosmic RaysR. Diehl, E. Parizot, R. Kallenbach, and R. von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of two ISSI-Workshops held in October 1999, May 2000 respectively, published in February 2002.Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 99, Nos. 1–4. ISBN 1-4020-0107-X, ISSI priceEuro 57.60.

Volume 14: Matter in the UniversePh. Jetzer, K. Pretzl, and R. von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inMarch 2001, published in June 2002. Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Volume 100,Nos. 1–4. ISBN 1-4020-0666-7, ISSI price Euro 48.40.

Volume 15: Auroral Plasma PhysicsG. Paschmann, S. Haaland, and R. Treumann (eds.), Proceedings of three ISSI-Workshopsheld in October 1999, March and December 2000, published in April 2003. Reprinted fromSpace Science Reviews, Volume 103, Nos. 1–4, 2002. ISBN 1-4020-0963-1, ISSI price Euro67.60.

Volume 16: Solar System History from Isotopic Signatures ofVolatile ElementsR. Kallenbach, T. Encrenaz, J. Geiss, K. Mauersberger, T. Owen, and F. Robert (eds.),Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held in January 2002, published in July 2003. Reprintedfrom Space Science Reviews, Volume 106, Nos. 1–4, 2003. ISBN 1-4020-1177-6, ISSI priceEuro 63.60.

Details on the recently published Volumes 15 and 16 can be found on pages 49–50.

ISSI Volumes

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ISSI Volumes

ISSI Scientific Report Series (SR): Published Volumes

Available from: The Bookshop, ESA Publications Division, PO Box 299, 2200 AGNoordwijk, The Netherlands, Fax: +31 71 565 5433, e-mail: [email protected] payment by check or creditcard is requested.

Volume 1: Analysis Methods for Multi-Spacecraft Data G. Paschmann, and P.W. Daly (eds.), Results of an ISSI-Working Group, published in July1998. Price Euro 40. (An updated PDF version is available online at www.issi.unibe.chunder „Publications“).

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ISSI Scientific Report Series (SR): Forthcoming Volumes

Volume 3: Comet Nucleus-Coma Boundary Layer ModelResults from an ISSI-Team, to be published in spring 2004.

Volume 4: Calibration Techniques for In-Situ Plasma Instrumen-tationResults of an ISSI-Working Group, to be published in fall 2004.

Volume 19: Planetary Systems and Planets in SystemsS. Udry, W. Benz, and R. von Steiger (eds.), Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop held inSeptember 2002, to be published in winter 2003.

Volume 20: Magnetospheric Boundaries and Turbulence: ClusterResultsProceedings of two ISSI-Workshops held in March 2003 and to be held in November 2003.

Volume 21: A Comparative Study of the Outer Planets before theExploration of Saturn by Cassini-Huygens Proceedings of an ISSI-Workshop to be held in January 2004.

Volume 22: Coronal Mass EjectionsProceedings of an ISSI-Workshop to be held in March 2004.

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Pro-ISSI SPATIUM Series

All SPATIUM Volumes are available fromthe ISSI Secretariat — please e-mail to:[email protected] editions in PDF are availableat http://www.issi.unibe.ch,under “Publications”.

While numbers 1, 2, and 4 appeared inGerman, all other issues appear inEnglish.

No. 1: Die ersten Minuten und das weitere Schicksal des UniversumsBy Johannes Geiss, published in April 1998.

No. 2: Das neue Bild der SonneBy Rudolf von Steiger, published in November 1998.

No. 3: Birth, Age and the Future of the UniverseBy Gustav Andreas Tammann, published in May 1999.

No. 4: Kometen als Schwerpunkt der europäischen WeltraumforschungBy Kathrin Altwegg-von Burg, published in October 1999.

No. 5: Earth, Moon and MarsBy Johannes Geiss, published in June 2000.

No. 6: From Dust to PlanetsBy Willy Benz, published in October 2000.

No. 7: In Search of the Dark Matter in the UniverseBy Klaus Pretzl, published in May 2001.

No. 8: New Sun and ClimateBy Jürg Beer, published in November 2001.

No. 9: New The Fourfold Way Through the Magnetosphere: The Cluster MissionBy Götz Paschmann, published in June 2002.

No. 10: Satellite Navigation Systems for Earth and Space SciencesBy Gerhard Beutler, published in June 2003.

ISSI Volumes

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ISSI Volumes: Published in the Eighth Year

Table of Contents

Foreword; Götz Paschmann, Stein Haaland, and RudolfTreumann

Contributing Authors

1. Introduction1.1 Visible Aurorae 1.2 Ionospheric Framework 1.3 Magnetospheric Framework 1.4 Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling 1.5 Large Scale Magnetospheric Flows and Dynamics 1.6 An Overview of the Book

2. Remote Sensing of Auroral Arcs2.1 Quiet Auroral Arc 2.2 Diffuse and Pulsating Aurora 2.3 Proper Motion of Auroral Arcs 2.4 Physical Characteristics 2.5 Auroral Morphology

3. Theoretical Building Blocks3.1 The Conducting Ionosphere 3.2 Magnetospheric Current Sources 3.3 Parallel Electric Fields 3.4 Dynamic Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling 3.5 Wave-Particle Interactions

4. In Situ Measurements in the Auroral Plasma4.1 Upward Current Region Processes 4.2 Downward Current Region Processes 4.3 Waves and Radiation 4.4 Time-Dependent Alfvénic Processes 4.5 Specific Regions

5. Statistics and Mapping of Auroral Features5.1 Statistical and Empirical Studies of Auroral

Distributions 5.2 Mapping Auroral Features to the Magnetosphere

6. Electrodynamics of Auroral Forms6.1 Eveningside Discrete Arcs

Auroral Plasma Physics

edited by

Götz PaschmannInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland, and Max-Planck-Institutfür Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany

Stein HaalandInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland, and Max-Planck-Institutfür Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany

Rudolf TreumannMax-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany

Published in April 2003, Space Sciences Series of ISSI (SSSI), Volume 15, Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers, hardbound, ISBN 1-4020-0963-1, 485 pp. Reprintedfrom Space Science Reviews, Vol. 103, Nos. 1–4, 2002.

6.2 Westward Traveling Surge 6.3 Omega Bands 6.4 Auroral Streamers 6.5 Polar Cap Aurora

7. Theoretical Models7.1 Static EII Models 7.2 Boundary Layer Coupling to the Ionosphere 7.3 Current and Voltage Generators 7.4 Resonant Alfvén Waves7.5 Propagating Arc Models 7.6 Transient Acceleration 7.7 Large-Scale Features and Magnetospheric Sources 7.8 Essential Elements of an Integrated Theory

8. Dynamic Coupling to the Magnetosphere8.1 Magnetosphere as an Auroral Precipitation Source 8.2 Magnetospheric Energy Circulation 8.3 Magnetospheric Control 8.4 Ionospheric Control 8.5 Open Issues

9. The Aurora as a Universal Phenomenon9.1 Aurora on Other Planets 9.2 Auroral Acceleration in Astrophysical Objects

References Author Addresses Index

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Solar System History from Isotopic Signatures of Volatile Elementsedited by

Reinald KallenbachInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Thérèse EncrenazDESPA, Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, France

Johannes GeissInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Konrad MauersbergerMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany

Tobias C. OwenUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA

François RobertCNRS-Musée, Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

Volume resulting from an ISSI Workshop held 14-18 January 2002 in Bern,Switzerland, published in July 2003, Space Sciences Series of ISSI (SSSI), Volume 16.Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, hardbound, ISBN: 1-4020-1177-6, pp. 425.Reprinted from Space Science Reviews, Vol. 106, No. 1–4, 2003.

Table of Contents

Sun and Protosolar NebulaIsotopic Composition of H, He and Ne in the Protosolar

Cloud; J. Geiss and G. GloecklerOxygen Isotopes in the Solar System; R.N. ClaytonIsotopes of Volatiles in Pre-solar Grains; U. OttAtomic Deuterium/Hydrogen in the Galaxy; J. LinskyDeuterium in Molecules of the Interstellar Medium;

E. Roueff and M. GerinDeuterium Fractionation in Interstellar Clouds; T.J. MillarThe D/H Ratio in Chondrites; F. Robert

Outer Solar SystemEvolution of the Protosolar Nebula and Formation of the

Giant Planets; R. Hueso and T. GuillotElement Abundances and Isotope Ratios in the Giant

Planets and Titan; T. Owen and T. EncrenazIsotopic Abundances in Comets; K. Altwegg and

D. Bockelée-MorvanIsotopic Signatures of Presolar Materials in Interplanetary

Dust; S. Messenger, F.J. Stadermann, C. Floss,L.R. Nittler and S. Mukhopadhyay

Earth, Terrestrial Planets, and MoonNitrogen Isotopes on the Moon: Archives of the Solar and

Planetary Contributions to the Inner Solar System;B. Marty, K. Hashizume, M. Chaussidon and R. Wieler

Noble Gas Isotopes on the Moon; R. Wieler andV.S. Heber

On Noble Gas Processing in the Solar Accretion Disk;R.O. Pepin

Elemental and Isotopic Abundances of Carbon andNitrogen in Meteorites; M.M. Grady and I.P. Wright

Isotopic Criteria for Identification of Organic Carbon onEarth and Meteorites; E.M. Galimov

Isotopic Fractionation ProcessesOxygen Isotope Processes and Transfer Reactions;

K. Mauersberger, D. Krankowsky and C. Janssen

Isotopic Fractionation by Gravitational Escape;H. Lammer and S.J. Bauer

Isotopic Fractionation by Ion-Molecule Reactions;E. Herbst

Isotopic Fractionation by Plasma Processes;R. Kallenbach

Working Group ReportsSun and Protosolar Nebula; R. Kallenbach, F. Robert,

J. Geiss, E. Herbst, H. Lammer, B. Marty, T.J. Millar,U. Ott and R.O. Pepin

Isotopic Signatures of Volatile Elements in TerrestrialPlanets; R.H. Becker, R.N. Clayton, E.M. Galimov,H. Lammer, B. Marty, R.O.Pepin, and R. Wieler

EpilogueGlossary, R. Kallenbach and U. OttList of Acronyms

51


Table of Contents

Foreword; A. Pauluhn, M.C.E. Huber, R. von SteigerSOHO’s Calibration Heritage

I. Introduction1. Solar Variability; S. K. Solanki2. Spectroradiometry for Solar Physics in Space;

P. L. Smith, M.C.E. Huber3. Spectroradiometry of Spatially-resolved Solar Plasma

Structures; K. Wilhelm4. Source Standards for the Radiometric Calibration of

Astronomical Instruments in the VUV Spectral RangeTraceable to the Primary Standard BESSY; J. Hollandt,M. Kühne, M.C.E. Huber, B. Wende

5. Calibration and Intercalibration of SOHO’s Vacuum-ultraviolet Instrumentation; K. Wilhelm

6. 20:20 Vision and SOHO Cleanliness; R. Thomas

II. Instrument Radiometric Calibration7. The Radiometric Calibration of the Coronal Diagnostic

Spectrometer; J. Lang, W. T. Thompson, C. D. Pike,B. J. Kent, C. R. Foley

8. The Radiometric Calibration of the ExtremeUltraviolet Imaging Telescope; F. Clette,J.-F. Hochedez, J. S. Newmark, J. D. Moses, F.Auchère, J.-M. Defise, J.-P. Delaboudinière

9. In-flight Comparisons of Solar EUV IrradianceMeasurements Provided by the CELIAS/SEM on SOHO;D. R. McMullin, D. L. Judge, M. Hilchenbach,F. Ipavich, P. Bochsler, P. Wurz, A. Bürgi, W. T.Thompson, J. S. Newmark

10. Solar Vacuum-ultraviolet Radiometry with SUMER;K. Wilhelm, U. Schühle, W. Curdt, I. E. Dammasch,J. Hollandt, P. Lemaire, M.C.E. Huber

11. UV Radiometric Calibration of UVCS; L. D. Gardner,P. L. Smith, J. L. Kohl, N. Atkins, A. Ciaravella,M. P. Miralles, A. Panasyuk, J. C. Raymond,L. Strachan, Jr., R. M. Suleiman, M. Romoli, S. Fineschi

12. In-flight Calibration of the UVCS White LightChannel; M. Romoli, R. A. Frazin, J. L. Kohl,L. D. Gardner, S. R. Cranmer, K. Reardon, S. Fineschi

13. Radiometric Calibration of the SWAN Instrument;E. Quémerais, J.-L. Bertaux

III. Intercalibration14. Comparison of CDS Irradiance Measurements with

SEM and EIT; W. T. Thompson, D. R. McMullin,J. S. Newmark

The Radiometric Calibration of SOHO

edited by

Anuschka Pauluhn International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Martin C.E. HuberInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Rudolf von SteigerInternational Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland

Published in August 2002, ISSI Scientific Report SR-002, Noordwijk: ESA PublicationsDivision, hardbound, ISSN: 1608-280X, 387 pp.

15. Underflight Calibration of SOHO CDS by SERTS-97;R. J. Thomas

16. Intercalibration of CDS and SUMER; A. Pauluhn,J. Lang, U. Schühle, S. K. Solanki, K. Wilhelm,W. T. Thompson, C. D. Pike, I. Rüedi, J. Hollandt,M.C.E. Huber

17. White Light Intercalibrations of UVCS, LASCO-C2 andSpartan 201/WLC; R. A. Frazin, M. Romoli, J. L. Kohl,L. D. Gardner, D. Wang, R. A. Howard, T. A. Kucera

18. SUMER Stellar Observations to Monitor ResponsivityVariations; P. Lemaire

IV. Atomic Physics19. The CHIANTI Atomic Database and Instrument

Calibration: a Symbiosis; H. E. Mason, G. Del Zanna,K. P. Dere, E. Landi, M. Landini, P. R. Young

20. The Use of Atomic Data for the In-flight Calibrationof the CDS Spectrometers; G. Del Zanna

V. Working Group Reports21. Cleanliness Working Group Report: Where was the

SOHO Cleanliness Programme Really Effective?22. CDS and SUMER Intercalibration Working Group

Report23. IrradianceWorking Group Report

VI. Outlook24. The EUV Imaging Spectrometer and its Role in the

Solar-B Mission; J. L. Culhane, G. A. Doschek,T. Watanabe, J. Lang

25. The Proposed Calibration of Solar-B EIS 337; J. Lang,B. J. Kent, J. F. Seely

26. Future Solar Irradiance Observations from the NASATIMED and SORCE Satellites; T. N. Woods,G. J. Rottman

27. The Solar Package on ISS: SOL-ACES; F. G. Wienhold,J. Anders, B. Galuska, U. Klocke, M. Knothe, E. Neske,W. J. Riedel, G. Schmidtke, R. Singler, U. Ulmer,H. Wolf

28. The Solar Orbiter Mission and DesignRecommendations; U. Schühle, R. Thomas,J.-F. Hochedez

29. New UV Detector Concepts; J.-F. Hochedez,U. Schühle, P. Lemaire

GlossaryAuthors’ Addresses

52

Impressum

Publisher International Space Science InstituteHallerstrasse 6CH-3012 BernSwitzerlandT.: +41 31 631 48 96F.: +41 31 631 48 97

EditorsUrsula Pfander, Vittorio Manno andRudolf von Steiger

Concept/LayoutUrsula Pfander

Cover DesignUrsula Pfander

PrintingESA Publications DivisionESTEC, PO Box 299Noordwijk, 2200 AGThe Netherlands

Bern, August 2003

Cover Page

Puzzle composed of six images (from theupper left to the lower right):

1. This picture taken by the Hubble SpaceTelescope in 1995 provides a glimpse of starbirth: Evaporating gaseous globules (EGGs)are captured emerging from pillars ofmolecular hydrogen gas and dust (Picturecourtesy of the Space Telescope ScienceInstitute. Images and Press Releases,Hubble Space Telescope Public Pictures athttp://hubblesite.org).

2. This image shows the RCW 108 complexof bright and dark nebulae in the southernassociation Ara OB1, a star forming regionin the constellation Ara (The Altar), deep inthe southern sky (Courtesy of the EuropeanSouthern Observatory, ESO. PR Press Photo21b/99, 30 April 1999).

3. Picture of an Aurora over northernCanada, photographed from Space (Picturecourtesy of Don Pettit, ISS Expedition 6,NASA).

4. The southern sky photographed through afisheye lens. The image is dominated by theluminous band of our Milky Way Galaxy, cutby interstellar dust clouds. Along with thebright stars of our Galaxy, the Large Magel-lanic Cloud is visible at the lower left.Comet Hyakutake can be seen towards thetop of the image, near the bright starArcturus (Photograph courtesy of GordonGarradd, Loomberah, New South Wales,Australia).

5. The Sun in C IV 1548 A as observed bySUMER on 4–5 February 1996. (Courtesy ofSOHO/SUMER consortium. SOHO is a projectof international cooperation between ESAand NASA).

6. This digital portrait of the Earth is remi-niscent of the Apollo-era pictures of the“big blue marble” Earth from space. To cre-ate it, researchers at Goddard Space FlightCenter’s Laboratory for Atmospheres com-bined data from a Geostationary Opera-tional Environmental Satellite (GOES), theSea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (Sea-WiFS), and the Polar Orbiting EnvironmentalSatellites (POES) with a USGS elevation mo-del of Earth’s topography. The lunar imagewas reconstructed from GOES data andartistically rescaled for this visualisation(Courtesy of R. Stockli, A. Nelson, F. Hasler,NASA/GSFC/NOAA/USGS).

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Annual Report 2002-2003 - ISSI · Annual Report 1st July 2002–30 June 2003 ISSI is an international Institute of Advanced Studies located in Switzerland. Its main task is to contribute