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Annual meeting of the Astrophysical Annual meeting of the Astrophysical Chemistry Group of the Royal Chemical Chemistry Group of the Royal Chemical
Society and Royal Astronomical Society on Society and Royal Astronomical Society on progress in astrochemistry.progress in astrochemistry.
Meeting Meeting to discussto discuss
connectionconnections between s between interstellar interstellar and and terrestrial terrestrial plasma plasma chemistry.chemistry.
From Astrochemistry From Astrochemistry viewview
Meeting discussed key (recent) Meeting discussed key (recent) advances in astrochemistryadvances in astrochemistry
From Astrochemistry From Astrochemistry viewview
The huge amount of data that new The huge amount of data that new observations has/will generate (e.g observations has/will generate (e.g Fuller Alma; Tielens, Roueff)Fuller Alma; Tielens, Roueff)
The challenge to interpret this data – The challenge to interpret this data – need for A&M dataneed for A&M data
The use/development of chemical The use/development of chemical models (eg Herbst, Walsh, Woods)models (eg Herbst, Walsh, Woods)
From Astrochemistry From Astrochemistry viewview
We have seen continued challenge of We have seen continued challenge of exploring the surface (dust) chemistry exploring the surface (dust) chemistry (Herbst, Goumans) (Herbst, Goumans)
Eg to explain HEg to explain H22 formation (Roueff, formation (Roueff, Lemaire)Lemaire)
Larger compounds generated by ice Larger compounds generated by ice processingprocessing
(McCoustra, Ioppolo, Jheeta)(McCoustra, Ioppolo, Jheeta)
From Astrochemistry From Astrochemistry viewview
Challenge of exploring the surface Challenge of exploring the surface (dust) chemistry EU/UK well set to (dust) chemistry EU/UK well set to tackle this challenge tackle this challenge
Data overload ?Data overload ?
DatabasesDatabases Assembly, Assembly,
intercomparisointercomparison, n, error/sensitiviterror/sensitivity analysisy analysis
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
VAMDC
• A database of Atomic and molecular data for applications including astronomy.
• Http://www.vamdc.org/
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
VAMDC - Brussels - Nov 08
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
KEY VAMDC OUTCOMES Develop or/and extend
standards for interoperability of AM resources
Implementation of 17 selected databases Compatibility with existing extraction tools
Create a safe environment where latest AM data can be easily published (even small sets)
Linking producers and users
KEY BENEFITS
Uniform access, i.e. saving time with format of data, tools development
Increase level of scientific analysis of ground/space missions or experiments good standardisation
implies Documentation allows cross-matching
of different sets of AM data
allows wide access to the latest published AM data
This meeting aimed to bring (lab) This meeting aimed to bring (lab) plasma and astrochemistry plasma and astrochemistry
community togethercommunity together Question Question Are they compatible ? Are they compatible ?
Time scales (general issue for lab Time scales (general issue for lab surface chemistry)surface chemistry)
Densities (three body collisions Densities (three body collisions in lab plasma)in lab plasma)
Electron attachmentElectron attachment
Anions seen in ISM - exciting Anions seen in ISM - exciting new area of astrochemistry new area of astrochemistry
e + Ae + A AA-- + h + hνν
In lab plasmas third body In lab plasmas third body stabilises Astabilises A- - rdensities too low in rdensities too low in ISM etcISM etc
Electron attachmentElectron attachment
Plasmas provide a lot of date on Plasmas provide a lot of date on (dissociate) electron attachment (dissociate) electron attachment rate constants (cross sections) rate constants (cross sections)
e + ABe + AB AA-- + B + B
Are experimental Are experimental conditions too extreme ?conditions too extreme ?
Plasma surface reactions – plasmas Plasma surface reactions – plasmas are reactors with walls (Welzel, are reactors with walls (Welzel, Marinov)Marinov)
Benefit – Gabriel can see spectra that Benefit – Gabriel can see spectra that ‘mimic’ astrophysical observations.‘mimic’ astrophysical observations. Eg Eg vibrationally excited H2vibrationally excited H2
But then plasma scientists need to But then plasma scientists need to explain limits to astronomers explain limits to astronomers
Plasma reactors -- good Plasma reactors -- good for spectroscopyfor spectroscopy
Linartz, Schlemmer, Galue, Linartz, Schlemmer, Galue, Indeed fundamental to making species Indeed fundamental to making species
(radical ions) to measure spectra (eg (radical ions) to measure spectra (eg anions)anions)
Hot plasmas – hot water – HHot plasmas – hot water – H33++
PAHs, clusters need plasmas > atmospheric PAHs, clusters need plasmas > atmospheric pressure dominated by clusterspressure dominated by clusters
Dust formation (Kovacevic, Goedheer) Dust formation (Kovacevic, Goedheer)
eg Ceg C22 H H22 plasmas plasmas
Plasmas are used as Plasmas are used as planetary atmosphere planetary atmosphere
mimicsmimics Titan – plasmas Titan – plasmas
used to identify used to identify anionsanions
Mars chemistry Mars chemistry – ozone/water – ozone/water interactionsinteractions
Astrobiology – Astrobiology – (Urey Miller)(Urey Miller)
But are we separated by But are we separated by language?language?
Evidence for two Evidence for two communities having communities having common interests but common interests but the overlap is poorthe overlap is poor
Terminology (and units) Terminology (and units) often differentoften different
So majority of both So majority of both communities remain in communities remain in ‘wings’ ‘wings’
How to improve How to improve communication?communication?
Need more meetings – tutorials ?Need more meetings – tutorials ? What are astrochemistry What are astrochemistry
questions ?questions ? How do plasmas work ?How do plasmas work ?
What can one community do to What can one community do to help other ?help other ?
What can one help other ?What can one help other ?
Meetings not enoughMeetings not enough
Exchange people and Exchange people and ideas ideas
Visits ! Visits !
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
The Chemical Cosmos: Understanding Chemistry in Astronomical Environments
CM0805Start date: 17/04/2009End date: 16/04/2013
Nigel J Mason Chair The Open University / UK [email protected]
Beverley Bishop Administrator The Open University [email protected]
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
• 22 countries:• Austria• Belgium• Czech Republic• Denmark • Finland• France• Germany• Hungary • Iceland• Ireland• Italy • Latvia• Netherlands• Poland• Portugal• Serbia• Slovakia• Spain• Slovania• Sweden • United Kingdom
22 COST countries
Chemical Cosmos-Partners
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
Scientific context and objectives
• The main objective of this Action is to study chemical processes relevant to the physical conditions encountered in the interstellar medium, and on the surface and in the atmospheres of planetary bodies.
• The Action aims to provide new insights into the dynamics of the chemical reactions leading to molecular synthesis under such conditions and reveal how these are influenced by the ambient temperature and pressure.
• Special attention will also be given to the study of the novel surface chemistry prevalent on interstellar medium dust grains and planetary surfaces.
• The Action also aims to combine such laboratory data with complementary chemical models to allow a fuller interpretation of observational data.
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
Organised in 3 Working groups
• Working group 1; Radical- and Ion-induced reactions in the interstellar medium (Gas phase chemistry) Wolf Geppert Stockholm
• Working group 2;. Heterogeneous and ice chemistry (Surface chemistry) Maria Palumbo Catania
• Working group 3;. Chemistry of planetary atmospheres (Models and observations ) exoplanets Christian Muller Brussels
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
COST Astrochemistry meeting2011
• Malta October 12-14, 2011 in Valletta
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
Short Term Scientific missions
Short visits between member countries (not member labs/groups)
Typically up to 1 month average funds up to 2000 euros
Simple application process (on line) and simple report (1 page A4)
COST is supported by the EU RTD Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office through an EC contract
So use STSMs for these links
• Eg willing to set fund for this year for 4/5 such visits to follow up this meeting
• OVER TO YOU !!
