Annual Industry Accounts: Introducing KLEMS Input ......25.1 percent in 2003. That means that every dollar of output in 2003 reflected 25.1 cents worth of purchased services. The strong

September 2005 31

HE mix of materials and services purchased as in-puts to produce the U.S. economy’s total output

has shifted in recent years, reflecting a broad move to-ward a more services-oriented economy. A good partof this shift reflects the higher demand for pur-chased-services inputs and the increased outsourcingof professional and business services by U.S. firms. Ineach year from 1997 to 2003, every dollar of gross out-put represented a progressively higher percentage ofpurchased services and a lower percentage of materials.Materials inputs, however, continue to represent a sig-nificant share of inputs used by firms to produce goodsand services in the United States. Price changes forthese inputs, along with changes in energy prices,strongly affected output prices throughout the econ-omy.

These are the broad findings of a new set of esti-mates recently introduced by the Bureau of EconomicAnalysis (BEA). (See the box “New Estimates From theAnnual Industry Accounts” on page 32.) These esti-mates, which BEA will update annually, providegreater detail on the types of inputs that are consumedby industries in the production of goods and services.It aggregates the rich product detail underlying theindustry estimates of intermediate inputs into threecost categories—energy, materials, and purchased ser-vices.1 These estimates are prepared by applying aKLEMS (K-capital, L-labor, E-energy, M-materials,and S-purchased services) production framework toBEA’s estimates of industry production based on the1997 North American Industry Classification System.2

The result is a set of industry estimates that are consis-tent with the published annual industry accounts for1997–2003. BEA developed this new set of estimatesin response to demand from data users. The goal was

1. BEA first prepared a decomposition of intermediate inputs into costcategories in 2002. See Erich H. Strassner and Brian C. Moyer, “An Analysisof the Composition of Intermediate Inputs by Industry” (paper presentedat the 14th International Conference on Input-Output Techniques in Mont-real, Canada, October 2002); <www.bea.gov/bea/working_paper.htm>.

2. See Dale W. Jorgenson, Frank M. Gallop, and Barbara M. Fraumeni,Productivity and U.S. Economic Growth (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univer-sity Press, 1987).

to facilitate research into a wide array of economic is-sues.

The new estimates shed more light at the industrylevel on the increasingly services-oriented nature of theeconomy. Purchased-services inputs as a percentage ofgross output increased from 22.5 percent in 1997 to25.1 percent in 2003. That means that every dollar ofoutput in 2003 reflected 25.1 cents worth of purchasedservices. The strong growth of purchased services asinputs was evident within the goods-producing andservices-producing sectors.

In contrast, materials inputs as a percentage of grossoutput decreased from 20.6 percent to 17.2 percent.Real demand for materials inputs was mixed in this pe-riod. During the expansion in the late 1990s, realgrowth for materials inputs was strong, propelled bystrong demand for information and communicationstechnology products. However, weaker demand for theNation’s gross output during the economic slowdownin 2001 and the recovery in 2002–2003 led to a sus-tained reduction in demand for materials inputs, espe-cially in the goods-producing sector.

The new data also clarify the impact of pricechanges for energy inputs on overall prices for the Na-tion’s output. Price increases for natural gas consumedin the production of electricity and for fuels consumedby transportation industries contributed strongly tohigher economy-wide gross output prices. This effectwas most evident in 2000 and 2003 when energy pricesspiked.

Other highlights of BEA’s new KLEMS estimates in-clude the following:

● Intermediate inputs as a percentage of the Nation’sgross output decreased 1.0 percentage point, andvalue added’s share increased 1.0 percentage pointin 1997–2003.3 These trends primarily reflected anincrease in the percentage of labor inputs and adecrease in consumption of materials inputs thatmore than offset gains in purchased-services inputs.

3. Gross output reflects the value of intermediate inputs that are con-sumed in producing output and the additional value created by labor andcapital.

Annual Industry Accounts

Introducing KLEMS Input Estimates for 1997–2003

By Erich H. Strassner, Gabriel W. Medeiros, and George M. Smith

T

32 Annual Industry Accounts September 2005

● Real growth in purchased-services inputs demon-strated the highest average annual growth amonginputs for 1997–2003. Demand for purchased ser-vices by the finance, insurance, real estate, rental,and leasing industry group and the professional andbusiness services industry group contributed 2.25percentage points, or almost half, of the 4.9-percentaverage annual growth for real purchased-servicesinputs.

● Energy inputs as a share of U.S. production droppedslightly in 1997–2003, to 1.9 cents per dollar of U.S.output in 2003. During this period, real demand forenergy in the goods-producing sector fell on aver-age 3.2 percent annually, while real demand forenergy in the services-producing sector grew 1.3percent.

● Fluctuations in economy-wide prices for gross out-put were significantly driven by price changes forenergy and materials inputs. Economy-wide gross

output price growth increased 2.8 percent in 2000and 2.6 percent in 2003. Materials inputs, largelyreflecting the impact of petroleum-related prices,and energy inputs accounted for almost 40 percentof the 2.8-percent growth in 2000 and 35 percent ofthe 2.6-percent growth in 2003.4

The remainder of this article includes a discussionof industry trends and developments, a brief summaryof the assumptions used to develop a conceptualframework for these new estimates, and a descriptionof the estimation methodology used to prepare theKLEMS estimates. In addition, the full set of KLEMSestimates are presented in tables 1–11 at the end of thearticle.

4. Petroleum-derived products are defined mostly as materials when con-sumed by petroleum and coal products or chemical manufacturing. Formore information, see the methodology section in this article.

New Estimates From the Annual Industry Accounts Over the past several years, BEA has improved the useful-ness of the industry accounts in many ways. Much of thiseffort has focused on providing more accurate, moretimely, and more detailed data. With the release of thenew KLEMS estimates, BEA now provides more analyti-cally useful aggregations of intermediate inputs in cur-rent dollars and in chain-type quantity and price indexes.

The availability of these new estimates was made possi-ble by the integration of the annual industry accounts,which consist of the gross-domestic-product-by-industryaccounts and the annual input-output (I-O) accounts.1

The integration of these accounts resulted in annual timeseries of industry data on gross output, intermediateinputs, and value added, estimated within a balanced I-Oframework.2 The balanced I-O “use” table, which showsthe commodity composition of intermediate inputs byindustry and final demand, provides the necessary com-modity detail for aggregating estimates of intermediateinputs into cost categories.

In recent years, industry analyses have explored therelationship among gross output, value added, and inter-mediate inputs, using BEA’s industry accounts. Suchstudies have examined the substitution between primary,or value-added, factors of production (labor and capital)

and secondary, or intermediate, factors of production(energy, materials, and purchased services), the sourcesof economic growth for industries, and the impact ofinput prices on aggregate price change. These newKLEMS estimates will facilitate additional analyses.

The new estimates also introduce three new measuresfor analyzing industry gross output. The first measureidentifies the percentage-point contributions of anindustry’s primary and secondary inputs to the percentchange in the industry’s chain-type quantity and priceindexes for gross output. The second measure identifiesthe contribution of each industry to the percent changein the chain-type quantity and price indexes for econ-omy-wide use of energy, materials, and purchased-ser-vices inputs. The final measure is a set of estimates ongross output unit costs by industry group, which pro-vides information on the changing cost structure of anindustry’s inputs.

BEA will revise these KLEMS estimates, including theestimates of intermediate inputs by industry and the newmeasures for analyzing industry gross output, as part ofits annual revision to the annual industry accounts. Thisfall, BEA will release revised estimates of the annualindustry accounts for 2002–2004, including revisedKLEMS estimates for 2002 and 2003 and new KLEMSestimates for 2004.31. For more information, see Brian C. Moyer, Mark A. Planting, Mah-

naz Fahim-Nader, and Sherlene K. S. Lum, “Preview of the Compre-hensive Revision of the Annual Industry Accounts: Integrating theAnnual Input-Output and the Gross-Domestic-Product-by-IndustryAccounts,” SURVEY 84 (March 2004): 38–51.

2. A limitation of BEA’s early work in preparing cost category aggrega-tions of intermediate inputs was the lack of an annual time series of I-O“use” tables. In the earlier GDP-by-industry accounts, the annual I-O“use” tables were incorporated irregularly.

3. The currently published 2004 industry data are the advance GDP-by-industry estimates, which do not include information on the com-position of intermediate inputs or gross output. These estimates will berevised using the integrated annual industry accounts methodology, inwhich the annual I-O accounts for 2004 will be introduced. As a result,the KLEMS estimates will be made available for 2004 as well.

September 2005 SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS 33

Percent60

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52

48

44

40

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Chart 1. Composition of All Industries Gross OutputChart 1. Composition of All Industries Gross Output

Value added

Intermediate inputs

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent30

25

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5

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Chart 2. Intermediate Inputs as a Percentageof All Industries Gross OutputChart 2. Intermediate Inputs as a Percentageof All Industries Gross Output

Energy

Materials

Purchased services

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Industry TrendsThe KLEMS estimates for 1997–2003 offer new in-sights into the sources of input substitution, economicgrowth, and structural change in the U.S. economy intwo distinct periods: The period of strong economicgrowth in the late 1990s and the period of economicslowdown in 2001 and the recovery in 2002–2003. Thissection identifies interesting developments duringthese two periods regarding inputs to production, realeconomic growth, price growth, and unit costs.

Inputs to productionThe economy’s gross output is defined as the value ofall goods and services produced in a given year by U.S.industries at producer prices. (See the box “KeyTerms.”) The production of gross output requires in-puts that are classified in two categories: Primary, orvalue-added, inputs, which consist of labor and capital,and secondary, or intermediate, inputs, which consistof energy, materials, and purchased services. Changesover time in gross output reflect changes in the pri-mary and secondary inputs to production and multi-factor productivity growth.

The composition of gross output exhibited two dis-tinct trends in 1997–2003 (chart 1). Overall, interme-diate inputs as a percent of U.S. output decreased 1.0percentage point, and value added increased 1.0 per-centage point. However, in 1997–2000, consumptionof intermediate inputs as a percent of U.S. output in-creased 0.8 percentage point to 46 percent of U.S. out-put, or 46 cents per dollar of U.S. output, reflecting theincreased use of purchased-services inputs (table A).The share of value added decreased 0.8 percentagepoint to 54.0 percent of U.S. output, or 54 cents per

dollar of U.S. output, largely reflecting a 1.7-percent-age-point decline in gross operating surplus, which is acombination of capital inputs and net profits in the an-nual industry accounts. Over 2000–2003, the demandfor purchased-services inputs continued its uptrend,but at a more moderate pace. Consequently, thesemoderate increases were more than offset by the con-tinuing demand-driven downtrend in consumption ofmaterial inputs (chart 2). Value added recovered

Table A. Components of Current-Dollar Gross Output by Sector as a Percentage of Gross Output

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02 Value added.............................................. 54.8 55.0 54.8 54.0 55.0 55.7 55.83 Compensation of employees ................ 30.8 31.6 31.7 31.8 32.3 32.3 31.94 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies .......................................... 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.85 Gross operating surplus ....................... 20.2 19.6 19.4 18.5 19.1 19.6 20.16 Intermediate inputs ................................... 45.2 45.0 45.2 46.0 45.0 44.3 44.27 Energy inputs........................................ 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.98 Materials inputs .................................... 20.6 19.8 19.4 19.2 18.2 17.4 17.29 Purchased-services inputs ................... 22.5 23.5 24.1 24.8 24.8 25.0 25.1

10 Private goods-producing industries 1 ....... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.011 Value added.............................................. 37.2 38.1 37.8 38.0 38.4 39.1 39.912 Compensation of employees ................ 22.0 23.0 23.2 23.7 24.2 24.5 24.213 Taxes on production and imports less


19 Private services-producing industries 2... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.020 Value added.............................................. 63.0 62.3 62.0 60.4 61.6 62.1 61.921 Compensation of employees ................ 31.4 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.4 32.0 31.622 Taxes on production and imports less


1. Consists of agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; mining; construction; and manufacturing.2. Consists of utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance, insurance,

real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health care, and social assis-tance; arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other services, except government.


strongly in 2000–2003, reflecting mainly a capital- andproductivity-driven 1.6-percentage-point increase ingross operating surplus. That increase helped pushvalue added to 55.8 percent of U.S. output in 2003, orroughly 56 cents per dollar of U.S. output (chart 3).

These broad economy-wide shifts in inputs struc-ture were not uniform across the services-producingand the goods-producing sectors. The services-pro-ducing sector increased its consumption of purchased-services inputs sharply in 1997–2000. The boost inconsumption reflected strong demand for purchased-services inputs, especially in the information group

(4.5 percentage points) and in the finance, insurance,real estate, rental, and leasing industry group (3.2 per-centage points) (see table 2 at the end of the article).These increases led to an overall shift towards interme-diate inputs, as the share of value added fell, largely re-flecting a 2.9-percent fall in the share of grossoperating surplus. In the goods-producing sector,however, the shift towards purchased services was lesssignificant. A 0.6-percentage-point increase was notenough to offset a more significant decrease in con-sumption of materials inputs. In the goods-produc-ing sector, the share of value added increased 0.8

Key TermsThe following key terms are used to describe data fromthe annual industry accounts.

Gross output. The goods and services produced by anindustry in a given year and valued at producers prices(prices received by the industry, including excise andsales taxes). Gross output is measured by summing thevalue of an industry’s sales or receipts, other operatingincome, commodity taxes, and inventory change. Grossoutput reflects (1) the value of intermediate inputs(energy, materials, and purchased services) that theindustry consumes in producing its gross output and (2)the additional value created by the industry’s labor andcapital in this production. Labor and capital are anindustry’s primary inputs to production; intermediateinputs are an industry’s secondary inputs. Gross output ispurchased by final consumers and by industries. Becausegross output may be produced and consumed as an inter-mediate input in the same year, aggregations of gross out-put across industries reflect double-counting.

Intermediate inputs. The energy, raw materials, semi-finished goods, and services that an industry con-sumes in producing its gross output, including inputsproduced by and purchased from domestic industriesand foreign sources. In the KLEMS production frame-work, intermediate inputs are grouped into three cate-gories: Energy (E), materials (M), and purchasedservices (S).

Value added. The additional value created by an indus-try’s capital and labor in the production process. Valueadded is measured as the value of the industry’s grossoutput, less the value of intermediate inputs that industryconsumes producing this gross output. Value added canalso be measured as the sum of the industry’s return tolabor (compensation of employees), net return to gov-ernment (taxes on production and imports less subsi-dies), and return to capital (gross operating surplus). Thevalue added of all industries equals gross domestic prod-uct (GDP). Therefore, the value added of an industrymeasures the contribution of its capital and labor,including changes in productivity, to GDP. Measures of

current-dollar value added are valued at current-yearprices; measures of real (or price-adjusted) value addedare valued at the prices of a base year. In the annualindustry accounts, real value added is computed usingthe double-deflation technique, in which an industry’sreal intermediate inputs are subtracted from its real grossoutput. In the KLEMS production framework, value-added inputs are grouped into two categories: Capital (K)and labor (L).

Compensation of employees. The income accrued toemployees as remuneration for their work for domesticproduction. Compensation of employees is the sum ofwage and salary accruals and of supplements to wagesand salaries. It reflects the compensation per hourworked that accrues to employees and the total hoursworked by employees.

Taxes on production and imports less subsidies.Taxes on production and imports consist of Federalexcise taxes and customs duties and of state and localsales taxes, property taxes (including residential realestate taxes), motor vehicle licenses, severance taxes,other taxes, and special assessments. Subsidies are mone-tary grants paid by government agencies to private busi-ness and to government enterprises.

Gross operating surplus. The profits-like measure ofbusiness income estimated in the annual industryaccounts by subtracting the costs of compensation ofemployees and of “taxes on production and imports lesssubsidies” from value added. Alternatively, gross operat-ing surplus consists of private domestic enterprises’ busi-ness income (corporate profits before tax with inventoryvaluation adjustment (IVA) and without capital con-sumption adjustment (CCAdj), proprietors’ income withIVA and without CCAdj, and rental income of personswithout CCAdj), net interest and miscellaneous pay-ments, business current transfer payments (net), privatecapital consumption allowances, current surplus of gov-ernment enterprises, and consumption of fixed capitalfor owner-occupied housing, nonprofit institutions pri-marily serving households, and government.


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Chart 3. Value Added as a Percentage of All Industries Gross OutputChart 3. Value Added as a Percentage of All Industries Gross Output

Compensation of employees

Taxes on production and imports less subsidies

Gross operating surplus

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

percentage point, partly reflecting an increase in de-mand for labor, which is accounted for in the 1.7-per-centage-point increase in compensation of employees.

In 2000–2003, the economy-wide shift back towardsvalue added reflected capital and productivity gains inboth the services-producing and the goods-producingsectors. During this time, the share of gross operatingsurplus as a percent of U.S. output increased 2.1 per-centage points in the services-producing sector and 1.0percentage point in the goods-producing sector. Theseincreases, along with the continuing downtrend in de-mand for materials inputs within both sectors, con-tributed to increases in value-added’s share withineach sector.

Over 1997–2003, value added as a percent of grossoutput for the services-producing sector fell 1.1 per-centage points; in contrast, value added as a percent of

gross output in the goods-producing sector increased2.7 percentage points. Within intermediate inputs,each sector shifted away from materials inputs withrelatively weaker demand for materials inputs withinthe goods-producing sector, specifically during the late1990s. Increased demand for intermediate inputs inthe services-producing sector reflected gains of 2.0percentage points for purchased-services inputs, andgains for value added in the goods-producing sectorprimarily reflect gains of 2.2 percentage points forcompensation of employees.

Real economic growthGrowth rates in the chain-type quantity indexes forgross output, value added, and intermediate inputs bycost category indicate whether the quantities of an in-dustry’s value added and its energy, materials, and pur-chased-services inputs are growing faster or slowerthan its output. The impact of the use of these inputson growth in real gross output for the industry can beidentified by examining the inputs’ percentage-pointcontribution to the percent change in the industry’sreal gross output.5 In addition, the extent to which anindustry’s real demand for an input is contributing tothe economy-wide real demand for the input can beidentified.In 1997–2003, real demand for purchased-services in-puts averaged the highest annual growth of all inputsused in the production of U.S. output, at 4.9 percent(table B). Real demand for these inputs far outpacedreal growth for value added (3.0-percent average an-nual growth), energy inputs (0.7 percent) and materi-als inputs (1.1 percent), partly reflecting the increased

5. Contributions to growth estimates depend on both the relative size andthe growth rate of the contributing component. See the methodology sec-tion for more information.

Table B. Percent Changes in the Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output, Value Added, and Intermediate Inputs by Sector

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Average annual rateof change

1997–2000

Average annual rate of change

2000–2003

Average annual rateof change

1997–2003

1 All industries ....................................................................... 5.3 5.1 4.6 –0.1 1.2 2.2 5.0 1.1 3.12 Value added ...................................................................... 4.2 4.5 3.7 0.8 1.9 3.0 4.1 1.9 3.03 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... 6.5 6.0 5.7 –1.2 0.6 1.5 6.0 0.3 3.14 Energy inputs ................................................................ 0.0 2.8 4.2 –1.4 2.8 –4.1 2.3 –0.9 0.75 Materials inputs............................................................. 5.1 4.1 2.3 –3.1 –1.0 –0.5 3.8 –1.5 1.16 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 8.2 7.8 8.5 0.3 1.6 3.3 8.2 1.7 4.9

7 Private goods-producing industries 1 ............................... 4.4 4.0 2.3 –3.6 –1.1 0.3 3.5 –1.5 1.08 Value added ...................................................................... 5.3 3.8 4.8 –4.3 1.1 2.8 4.7 –0.2 2.29 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... 3.9 4.1 0.7 –3.2 –2.4 –1.2 2.9 –2.3 0.3

10 Energy inputs ................................................................ –5.3 1.3 –3.0 –6.1 –1.1 –5.0 –2.4 –4.1 –3.211 Materials inputs............................................................. 4.4 4.2 0.7 –4.7 –2.5 –1.7 3.1 –3.0 0.012 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 3.1 4.1 1.0 1.3 –2.6 0.5 2.7 –0.2 1.2

13 Private services-producing industries 2............................ 6.5 6.1 6.2 1.2 1.9 3.0 6.3 2.0 4.114 Value added ...................................................................... 4.8 5.3 3.7 2.6 2.0 3.2 4.6 2.6 3.615 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... 9.4 7.5 10.4 –1.0 1.7 2.6 9.1 1.1 5.016 Energy inputs ................................................................ 0.7 1.1 9.4 –4.0 4.7 –3.5 3.6 –1.0 1.317 Materials inputs............................................................. 7.8 4.4 7.3 –1.5 1.0 0.9 6.5 0.1 3.318 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 10.4 8.8 11.4 –0.7 1.7 3.5 10.2 1.5 5.8

1. Consists of agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; mining; construction; and manufacturing.2. Consists of utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance,

insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health

care, and social assistance; arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and otherservices, except government.


outsourcing of professional and business services.6

Within the services-producing sector, real demand forpurchased-services inputs was especially strong, aver-aging 5.8 percent growth annually. Demand for pur-chased services by the finance, insurance, real estate,rental, and leasing industry group contributed 1.24percentage points, or about a fourth, of the average an-nual growth of 4.9 percent in real purchased services.Demand by professional and business services contrib-uted just over a fifth of the average annual growth inreal purchased services.

6. In the annual industry accounts, real value added is computed usingthe double-deflation technique, by subtracting an industry’s real intermedi-ate inputs from its real gross output. As a result, real growth in value addedreflects a combination of growth in primary inputs and in multifactor pro-ductivity. Real estimates of value added for 1997–2003 are from the annualindustry accounts. The industry estimates of value added differ from theestimates of real growth in GDP in the national income and productaccounts (NIPAs), which were revised as part of the 2005 NIPA annual revi-sion. In the late fall of 2005, the annual industry accounts for 2002–2004will be revised to be consistent with the NIPA estimates.

Real demand for materials inputs experienced twodistinct periods of growth: A period of expansion inthe late 1990s and a period of declining demand in2000–2003. In 1997–2000, real demand for materialsaveraged 3.8-percent growth and was led by durable-goods manufacturing, which accounted for 38 percentof real materials growth, and by construction, whichaccounted for 15 percent of real materials growth. In2000–2003, real demand for materials fell on average1.5 percent each year, with the sharpest declines in theinformation and communications technology (ICT)producing industries (5.3 percent) (chart 4).7 Higherreal demand for materials inputs by government partlyoffset a 2.1-percent decrease in materials inputs de-manded by private industries.

Real growth in U.S. gross output averaged 3.1 per-cent in 1997–2003; growth averaged 5.0 percent overthe late 1990s and 1.1 percent in 2001–2003. Demandfor intermediate inputs accounted for a slightly largercontribution than value added to economy-wide grossoutput growth in 1997–2000. In 2000–2003, real grossoutput growth was largely accounted for by growth invalue added. The differences in growth accounted forby intermediate inputs partly reflects the negative con-tributions of materials inputs and the reduced contri-butions of purchased services in 2000–2003 (table C).

7. These industries consist of one goods-producing industry—computerand electronic products in durable-goods manufacturing—and three ser-vices-producing industries—publishing industries (includes software) and“information and data processing services” in the information industrygroup and “computer systems design and related services” in the profes-sional, scientific, and technical industry group.

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Chart 4. Real Growth in Demand for Materials Inputs by ICT-Producing IndustriesChart 4. Real Growth in Demand for Materials Inputs by ICT-Producing Industries

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

All industriesICT-producing industries

Table C. Contributions to Percent Change in the Chain-Type Quantity Index for All Industries Gross Output

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ....................................... 5.3 5.1 4.6 –0.1 1.2 2.22 Value added.......................................... 2.5 2.5 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.63 Intermediate inputs ............................... 2.9 2.7 2.6 –0.5 0.3 0.64 Energy inputs.................................... 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 –0.15 Materials inputs ................................ 1.0 0.8 0.5 –0.6 –0.2 –0.16 Purchased-services inputs ............... 1.8 1.8 2.0 0.1 0.4 0.8

AcknowledgmentsErich H. Strassner, of the Current Industry Analysis Divi-sion (CIAD), supervised the preparation of the estimates.Sumiye Okubo, Associate Director for IndustryAccounts, Ann M. Lawson, Chief of CIAD, and GeorgeM. Smith, Assistant to the Chief of CIAD provided over-all guidance. The KLEMS estimates for 1997–2003 andthe tables were prepared by Gabriel W. Medeiros. TamekaR.L. Harris and Thomas F. Howells III helped preparematerial for BEA’s Web site. Valuable assistance was pro-vided by Felicia V. Candela, Karen J. Horowitz, Brian C.Moyer, Deputy Chief of the National Income and Wealth

Division, Douglas J. Meade, Chief of the Industry StudiesBranch of the Industry Benchmark Division (IBD), MarkA. Planting, Chief of IBD, and Robert E. Yuskavage,Senior Economist in the Office of the Associate Directorfor Industry Accounts.

Staff members of CIAD contributed to the develop-ment of the estimates. Staff members of the Office of theChief Information Officer, particularly Stephen P. Holli-day and Douglas J. Klear, helped reengineer the data-pro-cessing application that was used to prepare theestimates.


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Chart 5. Contributions to Percent Change in theChain-Type Price Index for All Industries EnergyInputs

Chart 5. Contributions to Percent Change in theChain-Type Price Index for All Industries EnergyInputs

2000 2003

Utilities, manufacturing, transportation and warehousing, and governmentAll other industries

Price growthThe price indexes for gross output, value added, andintermediate inputs by cost category represent theprices received by an industry for its output and theprices paid for its inputs. Growth rates for these in-dexes indicate whether prices for these inputs aregrowing faster or slower than output prices. The im-pact of the input prices on growth in the prices forgross output can be identified by examining the inputs’percentage-point contribution to the percent changein the industry’s gross output price index. In addition,the extent to which the prices paid by the industry forvarious inputs contributes to the aggregate pricegrowth for those inputs can be identified by examiningthe industry’s contribution to economy-wide pricegrowth for the inputs.

Price growth for the Nation’s output averaged 1.4percent in 1997–2003 and was relatively evenly distrib-uted between value added and intermediate inputs (ta-ble D). Price growth for value added averaged 1.8percent, and price growth for intermediate inputs av-eraged 1.0 percent. Within intermediate inputs, energyprices increased, on average, 3.5 percent, materialsprices remained relatively stable (0.2 percent), andpurchased-services prices increased modestly (1.5 per-cent).

The 3.5-percent average annual growth rate for en-ergy inputs prices was uneven in 1997–2003; pricesspiked 18.1-percent in 2000 and 13.2 percent in 2003.These spikes largely reflected rapid price growth forpetroleum-related products. The impact of these priceincreases was widespread; the use of energy inputswithin transportation and warehousing, government,

utilities, and manufacturing accounted for almost 70percent of the 18.1-percent price growth in 2000 and65 percent of the 13.2-percent price growth in 2003(chart 5).

Table D. Percent Changes in the Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Output, Value Added, and Intermediate Inputs by Sector

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003


1997–2000

Average annual rate of change 2000–2003

Average annual rate of change 1997–2003

1 All industries ....................................................................... –0.3 1.1 2.8 1.2 1.0 2.6 1.2 1.6 1.42 Value added ...................................................................... 1.1 1.4 2.2 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.83 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... –1.6 0.7 3.7 0.1 0.0 3.4 0.9 1.1 1.04 Energy inputs ................................................................ –7.8 3.1 18.1 2.5 –5.5 13.2 3.9 3.1 3.55 Materials inputs............................................................. –4.0 –0.2 4.3 –1.3 –1.1 4.0 0.0 0.5 0.26 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 1.0 1.3 2.2 0.8 1.2 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.5

7 Private goods-producing industries 1 ............................... –2.6 0.0 3.4 0.1 –0.7 3.6 0.2 1.0 0.68 Value added ...................................................................... –1.2 –0.5 1.4 1.8 –1.1 3.1 –0.1 1.3 0.69 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... –3.5 0.3 4.7 –1.0 –0.5 4.0 0.5 0.8 0.6

10 Energy inputs ................................................................ –5.8 2.0 16.0 5.3 –7.3 14.1 3.7 3.7 3.711 Materials inputs............................................................. –4.9 –0.4 4.7 –2.0 –0.8 4.1 –0.3 0.4 0.112 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 1.3 2.3 3.5 0.9 1.0 2.6 2.4 1.5 1.9

13 Private services-producing industries 2 ........................... 0.7 1.4 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.514 Value added ...................................................................... 1.2 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.815 Intermediate inputs ........................................................... –0.2 0.8 2.6 0.6 0.3 2.8 1.1 1.2 1.116 Energy inputs ................................................................ –7.6 2.7 17.6 2.6 –5.5 12.6 3.7 3.0 3.317 Materials inputs............................................................. –2.0 –0.1 3.1 0.3 –2.1 4.1 0.3 0.7 0.518 Purchased-services inputs............................................ 0.9 1.0 1.6 0.6 1.3 1.9 1.1 1.2 1.2


insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health

care, and social assistance; arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and otherservices, except government.

In addition, price changes for energy and materi-als inputs contributed strongly to fluctuations inoutput prices. Materials inputs, primarily reflectingrapid price increases for petroleum-related inputs, andenergy inputs accounted for almost 40 percent of the2.8-percent economy-wide price growth in 2000 androughly 35 percent of the 2.6-percent price growth in2003.


Unit costsAn industry’s gross output price index represents theprices of its value added and its intermediate inputs, sothe industry’s price index and the current-dollar com-ponents of its gross output can be used to assess thecontribution of each component to the gross outputprice index.8 When a component of gross output unitcosts grows faster than the gross output price index,then the component’s contribution to the growth inunit costs has increased.

The cost per unit of real gross output for the Nationincreased at an annual average rate of 1.4 percent eachyear in 1997–2003 (table E). Unit costs for value addedincreased 1.7 percent, and unit costs for intermediateinputs increased 1.1 percent. Within value added,compensation of employees increased 2.0 percent (unitlabor costs), and gross operating surplus increased 1.2percent (unit capital costs). Within intermediate in-puts, purchased-services inputs increased 3.3 percent,materials inputs decreased 1.7 percent, and energy in-puts increased 0.9 percent. The larger increases in theunit costs for compensation of employees and in pur-chased-services inputs indicate that labor costs andcosts for purchased services became a larger part of thegross output price index for all industries during theperiod.

8. See the methodology for more information on the computation of unitcosts for gross output.

Methodology The new estimates of intermediate inputs in the costcategories of energy, materials, and purchased servicesfor 1997–2003 were prepared by applying the KLEMS(K-capital, L-labor, E-energy, M-materials, and S-pur-chased services) production framework. These new es-timates by industry are based on the 1997 NorthAmerican Industry Classification System (NAICS),and they are presented at the three-digit NAICS level.(See the box “Data Availability.”)

Conceptual frameworkIn order to develop the estimates of intermediate in-puts by industry, the standard accounting concept forgross output was used to describe the development ofcurrent-dollar intermediate inputs by industry and bycost category, and a production-based framework wasused to derive chain-type price and quantity indexes ofinputs that are based on an economic approach to thetheory of index numbers.9

In addition, the development of the estimates re-quires several assumptions about industry productiontechnology. The following is assumed:

● An industry frontier production function thatincludes the value-added inputs of capital and laborand the intermediate inputs of energy, materials,and purchased services,

● Weak separability of the industry production func-tion in value-added inputs, energy inputs, materialsinputs, and purchased-services inputs, whichimplies that the marginal rates of technical substitu-tion for an input group are independent of thequantities of other input groups,

● Linear homogeneity of the industry productionfunction, which implies a production technology ofconstant returns to scale, and

● Cost-minimizing behavior by industries as theyconsume inputs.

9. For the details about the conceptual framework used, see Strassner andMoyer, 4–12.

Table E. Current-Dollar Cost per Unit of Real Gross Output by Sector[Percent]

Line


1997–2000


2000–2003


1997–2003

1 All industries ........................................................... 1.2 1.6 1.42 Value added .......................................................... 0.7 2.7 1.73 Compensation of employees............................. 2.3 1.8 2.04 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies 0.0 2.6 1.35 Gross operating surplus.................................... –1.7 4.3 1.26 Intermediate inputs ............................................... 1.9 0.3 1.17 Energy inputs .................................................... 1.7 0.0 0.98 Materials inputs................................................. –1.2 –2.1 –1.79 Purchased-services inputs................................ 4.6 2.0 3.3

10 Private goods-producing industries 1.................... 0.2 1.0 0.611 Value added .......................................................... 1.0 2.6 1.812 Compensation of employees............................. 2.8 1.7 2.213 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies –7.2 11.2 1.614 Gross operating surplus.................................... –1.4 3.6 1.015 Intermediate inputs ............................................... –0.2 –0.1 –0.116 Energy inputs .................................................... –1.9 1.9 0.017 Materials inputs................................................. –0.7 –1.2 –0.918 Purchased-services inputs................................ 1.5 2.9 2.2

19 Private services-producing industries 2 ............... 1.5 1.6 1.520 Value added .......................................................... 0.1 2.5 1.321 Compensation of employees............................. 2.3 0.9 1.622 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies –1.1 2.2 0.523 Gross operating surplus.................................... –2.5 4.7 1.024 Intermediate inputs ............................................... 3.8 0.3 2.025 Energy inputs .................................................... 1.8 0.0 0.926 Materials inputs................................................. 0.4 –0.8 –0.227 Purchased-services inputs................................ 4.9 0.7 2.8


insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, healthcare, and social assistance; arts, entertainment, recreation, and food services; and other services, exceptgovernment.

Data AvailabilityThis article presents the full set of KLEMS estimatesfor 1997–2003. The full set of annual industry ac-counts, including the integrated GDP-by-industryaccounts and annual I-O accounts, the advance esti-mates of GDP by industry for 2004, and the newKLEMS estimates are available interactively on BEA’sWeb site; go to <www.bea.gov> and under “Industry,”click on “Annual Industry Accounts.”


Estimation methodologyThe estimates are prepared in three broad steps. First,current-dollar estimates of intermediate inputs by in-dustry and by cost category are prepared. Second,chain-type price and quantity indexes are computed.Third, the contributions to growth and the gross out-put unit cost measures are estimated.

Current-dollar estimates. First, the current-dollarestimates of intermediate inputs by industry and bycost category are prepared by assigning each detailedproduct that is consumed as an intermediate input toone of the three categories of inputs: Energy, materials,or purchased services.

The assignments are generally based on the con-suming industry’s production process.10 For most in-dustries, a detailed product is consumed as an energyinput, a material input, or a purchased-services input.However, in a few cases, detailed products may be as-signed to different cost categories, depending on theindustry. For example, the assignment of petroleum-derived inputs depends on the consuming industry:When a petroleum-derived product is consumed bymost industries, it is categorized as an energy input,but when it is consumed by the petroleum refining in-dustry and the chemical manufacturing industry, it iscategorized as a material input.

Second, the detailed products in each cost categoryare summed to produce the current-dollar estimates ofenergy, materials, and purchased services for each in-dustry. These estimates sum to the current-dollar esti-mates of total intermediate inputs by industry.

Real estimates and prices. The computation of thechain-type price and quantity indexes uses the sameprocedures that are used to prepare the integrated an-nual industry accounts: Current-dollar cost categoryproducts are allocated to domestic inputs or to im-ported inputs, and then each detailed product is de-flated by its corresponding price indexes from theannual industry accounts.

The deflated domestic and imported cost categoryproducts are aggregated by product, cost category, andindustry using the Fisher index number formula. Byconstruction, a Fisher aggregation of energy, materials,

10. The assignment of cost categories also uses information on input costcategory controls that underlie the benchmark and annual input-outputaccounts.

and purchased services for an industry yields the in-dustry’s chain-type price and quantity indexes for in-termediate inputs.

Contributions to growth. The formulas used tocompute the percentage-point contribution of an in-dustry’s inputs to the industry’s real gross outputgrowth and gross output price growth were adaptedfrom the formulas that are used to compute the contri-butions to real GDP growth and the contributions toGDP price growth in the annual industry accounts.11

Specifically, the contribution to the percent change

C%∆i t, 100*pj t, PF

i t,⁄( ) pj t 1–,+( )* qj t, qj t 1–,–( )Σj pj t, /PF

i t,( ) pj t 1–,+( )*q j t 1–,-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------=

Tables 1–11.B. follow.

in real gross output for industry i in periodC%∆i t,( )t that is attributable to the quantity change in input j is

where PFi,t is the Fisher price index for gross output of

industry i in period t relative to period t–1, pj,t is theprice index of input j to industry i in period t, and qj,t isthe quantity index of input j to industry i in period t.The summation with subscript j in the denominatorincludes all the inputs consumed in the production ofthe aggregate.12

Gross output unit costs. Gross output unit costs arecomputed by dividing current-dollar gross output andits components by real (chained-dollar) gross output.The resulting quotients provide the gross outputchain-type price indexes and the part of the price in-dexes associated with each component.13

11. These formulas were also adapted to compute the contributions topercent change by industry group in the chain-type quantity and priceindexes for “all industries” inputs by cost category. In these formulas, theFisher index is for the particular input for which contributions are beingmeasured and the price and quantity indexes for an industry’s value addedis replaced by the price and quantity indexes for the industry’s input. Formore information on the formula used to compute the contributions toreal GDP growth, see Brian C. Moyer, Mark A. Planting, Paul V. Kern, andAbigail M. Kish, “Improved Annual Industry Estimates,” SURVEY OF CURRENT

BUSINESS, 84 (June 2004): 34.12. A symmetric formula is used to compute the percentage-point contri-

bution of the input to the percent change in the industry’s chain-type priceindex for gross output.

13. Gross output unit cost measures attribute changes in the gross outputunit prices to the components of gross output in proportion to each com-ponent’s share of current-dollar gross output. Therefore, year-to-yearchanges in component shares of current-dollar gross output result inchanges in the contributions of the cost components to gross output priceseven if the prices do not change.


Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ................................................. 15,141.0 15,905.1 16,908.0 18,186.5 18,403.2 18,811.1 19,732.82 Value added .................................................... 8,304.3 8,747.0 9,268.4 9,817.0 10,128.0 10,487.0 11,004.03 Compensation of employees ...................... 4,666.1 5,023.9 5,362.3 5,787.3 5,947.2 6,074.9 6,294.54 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 579.1 604.4 629.8 664.6 673.3 724.4 751.35 Gross operating surplus ............................. 3,059.2 3,118.6 3,276.3 3,365.1 3,507.4 3,687.7 3,958.26 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 6,836.6 7,158.1 7,639.6 8,369.6 8,275.3 8,324.0 8,728.87 Energy inputs.............................................. 297.4 274.2 290.5 357.3 361.0 350.7 380.78 Materials inputs .......................................... 3,126.1 3,153.8 3,275.5 3,495.2 3,344.7 3,273.9 3,390.69 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 3,413.2 3,730.1 4,073.6 4,517.0 4,569.5 4,699.5 4,957.5

10 Private industries .............................................. 13,514.1 14,219.6 15,124.3 16,287.7 16,384.1 16,655.4 17,427.811 Value added ........................................................ 7,247.5 7,652.5 8,127.2 8,614.3 8,869.7 9,154.1 9,604.212 Compensation of employees .......................... 3,783.1 4,107.7 4,407.0 4,776.4 4,882.4 4,942.8 5,108.313 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies .................................................... 592.0 615.5 641.0 675.0 684.4 737.5 765.314 Gross operating surplus.................................. 2,872.4 2,929.3 3,079.2 3,162.8 3,302.8 3,473.8 3,730.615 Intermediate inputs.............................................. 6,266.6 6,567.1 6,997.1 7,673.4 7,514.4 7,501.3 7,823.716 Energy inputs .................................................. 254.3 233.1 241.6 297.3 293.1 283.3 307.617 Materials inputs............................................... 2,957.0 2,981.7 3,098.2 3,308.7 3,136.6 3,052.9 3,145.018 Purchased-services inputs.............................. 3,055.3 3,352.2 3,657.3 4,067.4 4,084.7 4,165.1 4,371.019 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 270.7 258.3 250.6 254.3 258.7 249.6 275.120 Value added .................................................... 110.7 102.4 93.8 98.0 97.9 96.9 113.921 Compensation of employees ...................... 29.4 31.2 33.0 34.6 36.1 36.2 36.622 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ –1.2 –5.5 –12.9 –14.1 –12.7 –3.6 –7.423 Gross operating surplus ............................. 82.5 76.7 73.8 77.5 74.5 64.3 84.824 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 160.0 155.9 156.8 156.3 160.8 152.7 161.225 Energy inputs.............................................. 9.8 8.2 9.8 10.7 10.8 10.7 10.526 Materials inputs .......................................... 101.2 98.7 98.8 98.1 100.2 95.5 101.527 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 49.0 49.0 48.2 47.5 49.8 46.5 49.228 Mining ............................................................ 169.7 143.3 151.9 215.9 224.4 193.7 243.729 Value added .................................................... 92.6 74.8 85.4 121.3 118.7 104.9 130.330 Compensation of employees ...................... 34.0 34.6 33.4 36.0 38.8 37.7 38.931 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 12.1 11.0 10.8 13.2 14.2 12.9 14.532 Gross operating surplus ............................. 46.5 29.2 41.2 72.2 65.7 54.3 76.933 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 77.0 68.5 66.5 94.5 105.7 88.8 113.334 Energy inputs.............................................. 7.2 5.0 4.8 8.4 8.7 7.0 11.335 Materials inputs .......................................... 38.5 32.4 31.9 45.3 49.0 41.5 54.236 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 31.4 31.1 29.8 40.8 48.0 40.3 47.837 Utilities ........................................................... 289.9 291.9 284.3 319.5 343.4 329.8 356.138 Value added .................................................... 179.6 180.8 185.4 189.3 202.3 210.7 222.239 Compensation of employees ...................... 39.3 41.2 42.6 46.3 48.4 50.8 52.440 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 28.4 28.9 29.8 30.8 25.8 34.7 37.541 Gross operating surplus ............................. 111.9 110.8 112.9 112.1 128.1 125.1 132.242 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 110.3 111.1 98.9 130.2 141.1 119.2 133.943 Energy inputs.............................................. 32.5 31.6 30.4 36.5 37.2 36.6 39.244 Materials inputs .......................................... 52.9 50.9 47.9 69.4 77.9 59.4 78.045 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 24.9 28.5 20.6 24.3 26.0 23.2 16.746 Construction ................................................. 676.0 730.8 798.6 861.5 899.8 908.9 954.847 Value added .................................................... 337.6 374.4 406.6 435.9 469.5 479.1 501.348 Compensation of employees ...................... 229.6 254.3 282.8 309.2 327.6 328.8 333.049 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 3.9 4.4 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.250 Gross operating surplus ............................. 104.0 115.7 119.0 121.7 136.7 144.6 162.051 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 338.5 356.4 392.0 425.6 430.2 429.8 453.652 Energy inputs.............................................. 8.4 6.1 7.3 9.7 9.5 9.1 10.853 Materials inputs .......................................... 232.7 247.7 273.4 293.9 299.1 289.4 298.654 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 97.3 102.6 111.3 122.0 121.7 131.4 144.255 Manufacturing ............................................... 3,779.7 3,846.1 3,978.0 4,144.5 3,896.4 3,832.1 3,915.256 Value added .................................................... 1,279.8 1,343.9 1,373.1 1,426.2 1,341.3 1,347.2 1,402.357 Compensation of employees ...................... 781.9 825.3 854.2 918.9 876.8 869.3 897.058 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 36.5 37.2 38.0 40.6 41.7 44.4 45.559 Gross operating surplus ............................. 461.4 481.3 481.0 466.8 422.8 433.4 459.860 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 2,499.9 2,502.3 2,604.9 2,718.3 2,555.1 2,484.9 2,512.961 Energy inputs.............................................. 65.4 61.7 61.8 65.4 64.1 58.5 60.062 Materials inputs .......................................... 1,872.1 1,850.1 1,908.7 2,002.4 1,830.1 1,778.0 1,800.063 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 562.3 590.5 634.5 650.4 660.9 648.4 652.864 Durable goods .......................................... 2,114.7 2,199.3 2,287.7 2,328.2 2,128.8 2,084.9 2,090.365 Value added................................................ 755.5 806.9 820.4 865.3 778.9 771.9 798.066 Compensation of employees.................. 513.0 546.2 570.4 621.2 584.2 566.3 587.667 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 12.0 12.6 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.7 15.468 Gross operating surplus......................... 230.5 248.0 237.1 230.5 180.7 190.9 195.069 Intermediate inputs..................................... 1,359.2 1,392.4 1,467.3 1,462.9 1,349.9 1,313.0 1,292.370 Energy inputs ......................................... 26.4 25.2 24.8 24.9 23.4 21.8 22.171 Materials inputs ...................................... 1,015.9 1,039.5 1,085.4 1,084.9 976.3 947.7 919.272 Purchased-services inputs..................... 316.9 327.7 357.1 353.1 350.2 343.4 351.073 Nondurable goods.................................... 1,665.0 1,646.8 1,690.3 1,816.3 1,767.7 1,747.2 1,824.974 Value added................................................ 524.3 537.0 552.7 560.9 562.5 575.3 604.475 Compensation of employees.................. 268.9 279.1 283.8 297.6 292.6 303.0 309.476 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 24.5 24.6 25.0 27.1 27.7 29.7 30.177 Gross operating surplus......................... 230.9 233.3 243.9 236.2 242.1 242.5 264.878 Intermediate inputs..................................... 1,140.7 1,109.9 1,137.6 1,255.4 1,205.2 1,172.0 1,220.579 Energy inputs ......................................... 39.0 36.5 37.0 40.6 40.7 36.7 37.980 Materials inputs ...................................... 856.3 810.5 823.3 917.5 853.8 830.3 880.881 Purchased-services inputs..................... 245.4 262.8 277.3 297.3 310.8 304.9 301.882 Wholesale trade ............................................ 754.0 767.8 818.9 867.2 851.3 871.7 909.783 Value added .................................................... 521.2 542.9 577.7 591.7 607.1 624.9 645.484 Compensation of employees ...................... 268.8 291.0 313.9 328.6 334.1 333.7 345.785 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 122.0 126.8 131.3 135.4 135.3 137.1 143.586 Gross operating surplus ............................. 130.5 125.1 132.5 127.7 137.7 154.1 156.287 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 232.7 224.8 241.2 275.5 244.2 246.7 264.388 Energy inputs.............................................. 8.1 7.0 7.1 8.8 8.8 8.1 8.489 Materials inputs .......................................... 53.9 50.7 53.1 59.4 49.3 48.4 51.8

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

90 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 170.7 167.1 180.9 207.3 186.1 190.2 204.191 Retail trade.................................................... 830.1 874.5 950.7 1,011.1 1,021.0 1,091.4 1,132.792 Value added ................................................... 574.2 598.6 635.5 662.4 691.6 744.3 770.593 Compensation of employees ..................... 318.9 342.3 368.2 396.6 410.5 422.0 432.8

94Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 117.4 124.3 132.8 140.4 142.5 145.9 151.695 Gross operating surplus............................. 137.9 132.1 134.4 125.4 138.5 176.4 186.196 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 255.9 275.8 315.3 348.7 329.5 347.1 362.297 Energy inputs ............................................. 14.4 14.5 15.6 17.9 17.3 16.7 16.798 Materials inputs.......................................... 50.5 52.4 62.3 69.2 63.0 68.6 70.299 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 191.0 208.9 237.4 261.7 249.1 261.8 275.3

100 Transportation and warehousing ............... 503.6 533.5 560.1 592.9 571.4 572.1 592.5101 Value added ................................................... 253.7 273.7 287.4 301.6 296.9 304.4 319.3102 Compensation of employees ..................... 159.8 174.9 186.1 199.3 203.5 201.1 204.0


subsidies ............................................... 11.6 14.2 14.9 16.0 9.9 17.0 14.2104 Gross operating surplus............................. 82.3 84.7 86.4 86.3 83.6 86.3 101.0105 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 249.8 259.8 272.6 291.3 274.5 267.6 273.2106 Energy inputs ............................................. 39.7 31.5 36.8 49.4 41.6 39.0 43.2107 Materials inputs.......................................... 38.1 41.8 40.8 43.0 40.3 39.5 38.9108 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 172.1 186.5 195.0 199.0 192.6 189.2 191.1109 Information ................................................... 669.5 758.8 862.5 959.2 1,000.6 1,006.0 1,037.7110 Value added ................................................... 347.8 381.6 439.3 458.3 476.9 470.0 493.8111 Compensation of employees ..................... 165.3 185.6 217.5 248.0 244.4 227.3 224.7


subsidies ............................................... 30.2 31.6 34.2 36.3 37.1 38.0 38.8113 Gross operating surplus............................. 152.3 164.3 187.6 173.9 195.5 204.7 230.2114 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 321.7 377.2 423.2 500.9 523.6 536.0 543.9115 Energy inputs ............................................. 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4116 Materials inputs.......................................... 68.1 75.2 81.7 94.9 94.6 90.4 86.5117 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 250.9 299.2 338.6 402.6 425.5 442.1 454.1118 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ...................................................... 2,427.7 2,593.3 2,798.5 3,070.1 3,137.1 3,245.6 3,438.7119 Value added ................................................... 1,593.3 1,684.6 1,798.4 1,931.0 2,059.2 2,148.2 2,250.3120 Compensation of employees ..................... 364.4 410.7 441.4 486.7 518.3 529.6 557.4


subsidies ............................................... 159.9 166.6 175.5 184.5 196.6 213.3 224.8122 Gross operating surplus............................. 1,069.1 1,107.3 1,181.5 1,259.8 1,344.3 1,405.3 1,468.1123 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 834.3 908.7 1,000.1 1,139.1 1,077.9 1,097.4 1,188.4124 Energy inputs ............................................. 23.8 21.3 20.6 34.8 36.5 39.1 45.2125 Materials inputs.......................................... 97.5 101.5 99.0 104.6 99.5 106.0 115.7126 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 713.1 785.9 880.5 999.7 941.8 952.3 1,027.5127 Professional and business services .......... 1,333.7 1,494.9 1,641.4 1,813.5 1,877.0 1,917.6 2,007.1128 Value added ................................................... 896.5 976.2 1,064.5 1,140.8 1,165.9 1,190.0 1,244.3129 Compensation of employees ..................... 626.0 699.8 771.1 846.0 856.5 854.4 873.8


subsidies ............................................... 17.5 18.8 20.3 21.9 22.2 23.1 24.1131 Gross operating surplus............................. 253.0 257.6 273.1 273.0 287.1 312.5 346.4132 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 437.2 518.8 576.9 672.6 711.2 727.5 762.9133 Energy inputs ............................................. 16.1 16.3 17.5 21.6 22.2 21.9 23.6134 Materials inputs.......................................... 73.6 85.4 93.7 105.2 105.2 103.6 106.9135 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 347.6 417.1 465.7 545.9 583.8 602.1 632.4136 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ..................................... 927.9 984.4 1,038.2 1,109.9 1,201.9 1,296.4 1,372.8137 Value added ................................................... 573.1 601.5 634.5 678.4 739.3 799.0 851.2138 Compensation of employees ..................... 460.1 487.1 513.0 550.8 594.3 639.1 680.3


subsidies ............................................... 7.1 7.6 8.0 8.4 8.9 9.6 9.8140 Gross operating surplus............................. 105.9 106.8 113.5 119.2 136.0 150.4 161.0141 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 354.8 382.8 403.7 431.4 462.5 497.3 521.6142 Energy inputs ............................................. 9.4 9.2 9.3 10.5 11.8 12.8 13.4143 Materials inputs.......................................... 102.2 108.4 113.4 118.9 124.2 130.0 135.0144 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 243.3 265.1 281.0 302.0 326.6 354.5 373.2145 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services....... 533.8 562.8 593.5 640.0 655.1 682.7 719.6146 Value added ................................................... 289.8 306.0 327.8 350.1 361.5 382.3 396.4147 Compensation of employees ..................... 175.5 188.2 201.2 218.3 227.6 236.6 247.4


subsidies ............................................... 33.2 35.7 38.7 40.9 41.6 42.6 44.7149 Gross operating surplus............................. 81.1 82.1 87.9 90.9 92.4 103.1 104.3150 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 244.0 256.8 265.7 289.9 293.6 300.4 323.2151 Energy inputs ............................................. 12.0 12.6 12.2 14.0 14.4 13.9 15.6152 Materials inputs.......................................... 114.5 118.4 121.8 126.3 124.8 124.9 128.3153 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 117.5 125.8 131.7 149.6 154.3 161.6 179.3154 Other services, except government ........... 348.0 379.2 397.2 428.3 445.9 457.9 472.2155 Value added ................................................... 197.4 211.1 217.8 229.1 241.5 252.1 263.0156 Compensation of employees ..................... 130.2 141.5 148.5 157.2 165.6 176.1 184.1


subsidies ............................................... 13.2 14.0 14.8 15.7 16.0 16.8 17.5158 Gross operating surplus............................. 54.0 55.7 54.5 56.3 59.9 59.3 61.4159 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 150.6 168.1 179.4 199.2 204.5 205.8 209.1160 Energy inputs ............................................. 5.1 5.4 5.6 6.4 6.6 6.4 6.4161 Materials inputs.......................................... 61.2 68.0 71.7 78.1 79.4 77.8 79.4162 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 84.2 94.8 102.1 114.7 118.4 121.6 123.3163 Government ...................................................... 1,626.9 1,685.5 1,783.6 1,898.8 2,019.2 2,155.7 2,305.0164 Value added........................................................ 1,056.8 1,094.5 1,141.2 1,202.7 1,258.3 1,332.9 1,399.9165 Compensation of employees.......................... 883.0 916.2 955.3 1,010.8 1,064.8 1,132.1 1,186.2


subsidies.................................................... –12.9 –11.0 –11.1 –10.5 –11.0 –13.1 –14.0167 Gross operating surplus................................. 186.7 189.3 197.0 202.3 204.5 213.9 227.6168 Intermediate inputs ............................................. 570.0 591.0 642.4 696.2 760.8 822.7 905.1169 Energy inputs ............................................. 43.1 41.1 48.8 60.0 67.9 67.4 73.0170 Materials inputs.......................................... 169.0 172.1 177.4 186.6 208.1 221.0 245.5171 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 357.9 377.9 416.2 449.6 484.8 534.3 586.5

Addenda:172 Private goods-producing industries 1 ........ 4,896.1 4,978.5 5,179.1 5,476.1 5,279.4 5,184.3 5,388.8173 Value added ................................................... 1,820.8 1,895.4 1,958.9 2,081.5 2,027.5 2,028.1 2,147.8174 Compensation of employees ..................... 1,075.0 1,145.4 1,203.4 1,298.7 1,279.3 1,271.9 1,305.5

Table 1. Composition of Current-Dollar Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003—Continues[Billions of dollars]

See the footnotes at the end of the table.


Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

175 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies................................................ 51.4 47.1 40.6 44.7 48.5 59.5 58.8

176 Gross operating surplus............................. 694.4 702.9 714.9 738.1 699.7 696.6 783.5177 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 3,075.3 3,083.1 3,220.2 3,394.6 3,251.9 3,156.2 3,241.0178 Energy inputs ............................................. 90.8 81.0 83.6 94.2 93.1 85.4 92.6179 Materials inputs .......................................... 2,244.5 2,228.8 2,312.8 2,439.7 2,278.3 2,204.4 2,254.4180 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 740.0 773.3 823.8 860.7 880.4 866.4 894.0181 Private services-producing industries 2 ..... 8,618.0 9,241.1 9,945.2 10,811.6 11,104.7 11,471.1 12,039.0182 Value added.................................................... 5,426.8 5,757.1 6,168.3 6,532.8 6,842.2 7,126.0 7,456.3183 Compensation of employees...................... 2,708.1 2,962.3 3,203.6 3,477.8 3,603.1 3,670.8 3,802.8184 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies................................................ 540.5 568.4 600.4 630.3 635.9 678.1 706.5185 Gross operating surplus............................. 2,178.1 2,226.4 2,364.3 2,424.7 2,603.1 2,777.1 2,947.0186 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 3,191.3 3,484.0 3,776.9 4,278.8 4,262.5 4,345.1 4,582.7

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

187 Energy inputs ............................................. 163.5 152.1 158.0 203.2 200.0 197.9 215.0188 Materials inputs.......................................... 712.5 752.9 785.3 868.9 858.3 848.5 890.6189 Purchased-services inputs......................... 2,315.3 2,579.0 2,833.6 3,206.7 3,204.3 3,298.7 3,477.0190 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries3.............................. 764.6 813.2 899.3 1,000.8 926.5 884.8 919.2191 Value added.................................................... 347.7 385.0 425.9 465.8 424.2 414.4 443.8192 Compensation of employees...................... 236.9 275.2 320.3 388.8 364.1 330.4 324.0193 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies................................................ 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.6 7.9 8.2 8.5194 Gross operating surplus............................. 104.7 103.3 98.6 69.3 52.2 75.8 111.3195 Intermediate inputs......................................... 416.9 428.1 473.3 535.0 502.4 470.4 475.4196 Energy inputs ............................................. 4.7 4.4 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.3 4.2197 Materials inputs.......................................... 218.2 210.2 224.7 250.7 214.4 195.4 192.7198 Purchased-services inputs......................... 194.0 213.6 244.0 279.3 283.1 270.7 278.6

Table 1. Composition of Current-Dollar Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003[Billions of Dollars]

1. Consists of agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; mining; construction; and manufacturing.2. Consists of utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance, insurance, real

estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health care, and social assistance;

arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other services, except government.3. Consists of computer and electronic products; publishing industries (includes software); information and data

processing services; and computer systems design and related services.

Table 2. Shares of Current-Dollar Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003—Continues[Percent]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02 Value added .................................................... 54.8 55.0 54.8 54.0 55.0 55.7 55.83 Compensation of employees ...................... 30.8 31.6 31.7 31.8 32.3 32.3 31.94 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.85 Gross operating surplus ............................. 20.2 19.6 19.4 18.5 19.1 19.6 20.16 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 45.2 45.0 45.2 46.0 45.0 44.3 44.27 Energy inputs.............................................. 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.98 Materials inputs .......................................... 20.6 19.8 19.4 19.2 18.2 17.4 17.29 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 22.5 23.5 24.1 24.8 24.8 25.0 25.1

10 Private industries .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.011 Value added ........................................................ 53.6 53.8 53.7 52.9 54.1 55.0 55.112 Compensation of employees........................... 28.0 28.9 29.1 29.3 29.8 29.7 29.313 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies..................................................... 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.414 Gross operating surplus.................................. 21.3 20.6 20.4 19.4 20.2 20.9 21.415 Intermediate inputs.............................................. 46.4 46.2 46.3 47.1 45.9 45.0 44.916 Energy inputs .................................................. 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.817 Materials inputs............................................... 21.9 21.0 20.5 20.3 19.1 18.3 18.018 Purchased-services inputs.............................. 22.6 23.6 24.2 25.0 24.9 25.0 25.119 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.020 Value added .................................................... 40.9 39.6 37.4 38.5 37.8 38.8 41.421 Compensation of employees ...................... 10.9 12.1 13.2 13.6 14.0 14.5 13.322 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ –0.4 –2.1 –5.2 –5.5 –4.9 –1.4 –2.723 Gross operating surplus ............................. 30.5 29.7 29.4 30.5 28.8 25.8 30.824 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 59.1 60.4 62.6 61.5 62.2 61.2 58.625 Energy inputs.............................................. 3.6 3.2 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 3.826 Materials inputs .......................................... 37.4 38.2 39.4 38.6 38.7 38.3 36.927 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 18.1 19.0 19.2 18.7 19.2 18.6 17.928 Mining ............................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.029 Value added .................................................... 54.6 52.2 56.2 56.2 52.9 54.2 53.530 Compensation of employees ...................... 20.0 24.1 22.0 16.7 17.3 19.5 16.031 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 7.1 7.7 7.1 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.032 Gross operating surplus ............................. 27.4 20.4 27.1 33.4 29.3 28.0 31.633 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 45.4 47.8 43.8 43.8 47.1 45.8 46.534 Energy inputs.............................................. 4.2 3.5 3.1 3.9 3.9 3.6 4.635 Materials inputs .......................................... 22.7 22.6 21.0 21.0 21.8 21.4 22.336 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 18.5 21.7 19.6 18.9 21.4 20.8 19.637 Utilities ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.038 Value added .................................................... 62.0 61.9 65.2 59.3 58.9 63.9 62.439 Compensation of employees ...................... 13.5 14.1 15.0 14.5 14.1 15.4 14.740 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 9.8 9.9 10.5 9.7 7.5 10.5 10.541 Gross operating surplus ............................. 38.6 37.9 39.7 35.1 37.3 37.9 37.142 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 38.0 38.1 34.8 40.7 41.1 36.1 37.643 Energy inputs.............................................. 11.2 10.8 10.7 11.4 10.8 11.1 11.044 Materials inputs .......................................... 18.3 17.4 16.8 21.7 22.7 18.0 21.945 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 8.6 9.8 7.2 7.6 7.6 7.0 4.746 Construction.................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.047 Value added .................................................... 49.9 51.2 50.9 50.6 52.2 52.7 52.548 Compensation of employees ...................... 34.0 34.8 35.4 35.9 36.4 36.2 34.949 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.750 Gross operating surplus ............................. 15.4 15.8 14.9 14.1 15.2 15.9 17.051 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 50.1 48.8 49.1 49.4 47.8 47.3 47.552 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.153 Materials inputs .......................................... 34.4 33.9 34.2 34.1 33.2 31.8 31.354 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 14.4 14.0 13.9 14.2 13.5 14.5 15.155 Manufacturing ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.056 Value added .................................................... 33.9 34.9 34.5 34.4 34.4 35.2 35.857 Compensation of employees ...................... 20.7 21.5 21.5 22.2 22.5 22.7 22.958 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

59 Gross operating surplus ............................. 12.2 12.5 12.1 11.3 10.9 11.3 11.760 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 66.1 65.1 65.5 65.6 65.6 64.8 64.261 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.562 Materials inputs .......................................... 49.5 48.1 48.0 48.3 47.0 46.4 46.063 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 14.9 15.4 15.9 15.7 17.0 16.9 16.764 Durable goods .......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.065 Value added................................................ 35.7 36.7 35.9 37.2 36.6 37.0 38.266 Compensation of employees.................. 24.3 24.8 24.9 26.7 27.4 27.2 28.167 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.768 Gross operating surplus......................... 10.9 11.3 10.4 9.9 8.5 9.2 9.369 Intermediate inputs..................................... 64.3 63.3 64.1 62.8 63.4 63.0 61.870 Energy inputs ......................................... 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.171 Materials inputs...................................... 48.0 47.3 47.4 46.6 45.9 45.5 44.072 Purchased-services inputs..................... 15.0 14.9 15.6 15.2 16.4 16.5 16.873 Nondurable goods.................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.074 Value added................................................ 31.5 32.6 32.7 30.9 31.8 32.9 33.175 Compensation of employees.................. 16.2 16.9 16.8 16.4 16.6 17.3 17.076 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.777 Gross operating surplus......................... 13.9 14.2 14.4 13.0 13.7 13.9 14.578 Intermediate inputs..................................... 68.5 67.4 67.3 69.1 68.2 67.1 66.979 Energy inputs ......................................... 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.180 Materials inputs...................................... 51.4 49.2 48.7 50.5 48.3 47.5 48.381 Purchased-services inputs..................... 14.7 16.0 16.4 16.4 17.6 17.5 16.582 Wholesale trade ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.083 Value added .................................................... 69.1 70.7 70.5 68.2 71.3 71.7 70.984 Compensation of employees ...................... 35.6 37.9 38.3 37.9 39.2 38.3 38.085 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 16.2 16.5 16.0 15.6 15.9 15.7 15.886 Gross operating surplus ............................. 17.3 16.3 16.2 14.7 16.2 17.7 17.287 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 30.9 29.3 29.5 31.8 28.7 28.3 29.188 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.989 Materials inputs .......................................... 7.1 6.6 6.5 6.8 5.8 5.5 5.790 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 22.6 21.8 22.1 23.9 21.9 21.8 22.491 Retail trade .................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.092 Value added .................................................... 69.2 68.5 66.8 65.5 67.7 68.2 68.093 Compensation of employees ...................... 38.4 39.1 38.7 39.2 40.2 38.7 38.294 Taxes on production and imports less


100 Transportation and warehousing ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0101 Value added .................................................... 50.4 51.3 51.3 50.9 52.0 53.2 53.9102 Compensation of employees ...................... 31.7 32.8 33.2 33.6 35.6 35.2 34.4103 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.7 1.7 3.0 2.4104 Gross operating surplus ............................. 16.3 15.9 15.4 14.6 14.6 15.1 17.0105 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 49.6 48.7 48.7 49.1 48.0 46.8 46.1106 Energy inputs.............................................. 7.9 5.9 6.6 8.3 7.3 6.8 7.3107 Materials inputs .......................................... 7.6 7.8 7.3 7.2 7.1 6.9 6.6108 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 34.2 35.0 34.8 33.6 33.7 33.1 32.3109 Information .................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0110 Value added .................................................... 52.0 50.3 50.9 47.8 47.7 46.7 47.6111 Compensation of employees ...................... 24.7 24.5 25.2 25.9 24.4 22.6 21.7112 Taxes on production and imports less




Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

118 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing ....................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

119 Value added .................................................... 65.6 65.0 64.3 62.9 65.6 66.2 65.4120 Compensation of employees ...................... 15.0 15.8 15.8 15.9 16.5 16.3 16.2121 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.6 6.5122 Gross operating surplus ............................. 44.0 42.7 42.2 41.0 42.9 43.3 42.7123 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 34.4 35.0 35.7 37.1 34.4 33.8 34.6124 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3125 Materials inputs .......................................... 4.0 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.4126 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 29.4 30.3 31.5 32.6 30.0 29.3 29.9127 Professional and business services ........... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0128 Value added .................................................... 67.2 65.3 64.9 62.9 62.1 62.1 62.0129 Compensation of employees ...................... 46.9 46.8 47.0 46.7 45.6 44.6 43.5130 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2131 Gross operating surplus ............................. 19.0 17.2 16.6 15.1 15.3 16.3 17.3132 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 32.8 34.7 35.1 37.1 37.9 37.9 38.0133 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2134 Materials inputs .......................................... 5.5 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.3135 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 26.1 27.9 28.4 30.1 31.1 31.4 31.5136 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0137 Value added .................................................... 61.8 61.1 61.1 61.1 61.5 61.6 62.0138 Compensation of employees ...................... 49.6 49.5 49.4 49.6 49.5 49.3 49.6139 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7140 Gross operating surplus ............................. 11.4 10.9 10.9 10.7 11.3 11.6 11.7141 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 38.2 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.5 38.4 38.0142 Energy inputs.............................................. 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0143 Materials inputs .......................................... 11.0 11.0 10.9 10.7 10.3 10.0 9.8144 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 26.2 26.9 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.3 27.2145 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ....... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0146 Value added .................................................... 54.3 54.4 55.2 54.7 55.2 56.0 55.1147 Compensation of employees ...................... 32.9 33.4 33.9 34.1 34.7 34.7 34.4148 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.2149 Gross operating surplus ............................. 15.2 14.6 14.8 14.2 14.1 15.1 14.5150 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 45.7 45.6 44.8 45.3 44.8 44.0 44.9151 Energy inputs.............................................. 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2152 Materials inputs .......................................... 21.5 21.0 20.5 19.7 19.1 18.3 17.8153 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 22.0 22.4 22.2 23.4 23.6 23.7 24.9154 Other services, except government ............ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0155 Value added .................................................... 56.7 55.7 54.8 53.5 54.1 55.1 55.7156 Compensation of employees ...................... 37.4 37.3 37.4 36.7 37.1 38.4 39.0157 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

158 Gross operating surplus ............................. 15.5 14.7 13.7 13.1 13.4 12.9 13.0159 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 43.3 44.3 45.2 46.5 45.9 44.9 44.3160 Energy inputs ............................................. 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4161 Materials inputs .......................................... 17.6 17.9 18.0 18.2 17.8 17.0 16.8162 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 24.2 25.0 25.7 26.8 26.6 26.5 26.1

163 Government ....................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0164 Value added ........................................................ 65.0 64.9 64.0 63.3 62.3 61.8 60.7165 Compensation of employees .......................... 54.3 54.4 53.6 53.2 52.7 52.5 51.5166 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies .................................................... –0.8 –0.7 –0.6 –0.6 –0.5 –0.6 –0.6167 Gross operating surplus ................................. 11.5 11.2 11.0 10.7 10.1 9.9 9.9168 Intermediate inputs ............................................. 35.0 35.1 36.0 36.7 37.7 38.2 39.3169 Energy inputs ............................................. 2.7 2.4 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.2170 Materials inputs .......................................... 10.4 10.2 9.9 9.8 10.3 10.3 10.7171 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 22.0 22.4 23.3 23.7 24.0 24.8 25.4

Addenda:

172 Private goods-producing industries 1 ......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0173 Value added.................................................... 37.2 38.1 37.8 38.0 38.4 39.1 39.9174 Compensation of employees...................... 22.0 23.0 23.2 23.7 24.2 24.5 24.2175 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies................................................ 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1176 Gross operating surplus ............................. 14.2 14.1 13.8 13.5 13.3 13.4 14.5177 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 62.8 61.9 62.2 62.0 61.6 60.9 60.1178 Energy inputs ............................................. 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7179 Materials inputs .......................................... 45.8 44.8 44.7 44.6 43.2 42.5 41.8180 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 15.1 15.5 15.9 15.7 16.7 16.7 16.6

181 Private services-producing industries 2 ..... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0182 Value added.................................................... 63.0 62.3 62.0 60.4 61.6 62.1 61.9183 Compensation of employees...................... 31.4 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.4 32.0 31.6184 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies................................................ 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.9 5.9185 Gross operating surplus ............................. 25.3 24.1 23.8 22.4 23.4 24.2 24.5186 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 37.0 37.7 38.0 39.6 38.4 37.9 38.1187 Energy inputs ............................................. 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8188 Materials inputs .......................................... 8.3 8.1 7.9 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.4189 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 26.9 27.9 28.5 29.7 28.9 28.8 28.9190 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0191 Value added.................................................... 45.5 47.4 47.4 46.5 45.8 46.8 48.3192 Compensation of employees...................... 31.0 33.8 35.6 38.9 39.3 37.3 35.2193 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies................................................ 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9194 Gross operating surplus ............................. 13.7 12.7 11.0 6.9 5.6 8.6 12.1195 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 54.5 52.6 52.6 53.5 54.2 53.2 51.7196 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5197 Materials inputs .......................................... 28.5 25.9 25.0 25.1 23.1 22.1 21.0198 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 25.4 26.3 27.1 27.9 30.6 30.6 30.3

Table 2. Shares of Current-Dollar Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003[Percent]


real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health care, and social assis-

tance; arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other services, except government.3. Consists of computer and electronic products; publishing industries (includes software); information and data


Table 3. Current-Dollar Cost per Unit of Real Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003—Continues[Dollars]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ................................................ 0.964 0.962 0.972 1.000 1.012 1.022 1.0492 Value added ................................................... 0.529 0.529 0.533 0.540 0.557 0.570 0.5853 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.297 0.304 0.308 0.318 0.327 0.330 0.3354 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.037 0.037 0.039 0.0405 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.195 0.189 0.188 0.185 0.193 0.200 0.2106 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 0.435 0.433 0.439 0.460 0.455 0.452 0.4647 Energy inputs............................................. 0.019 0.017 0.017 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.0208 Materials inputs ......................................... 0.199 0.191 0.188 0.192 0.184 0.178 0.1809 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.217 0.226 0.234 0.248 0.251 0.255 0.263

10 Private industries ............................................. 0.969 0.965 0.974 1.000 1.010 1.017 1.04211 Value added........................................................ 0.520 0.519 0.523 0.529 0.547 0.559 0.57412 Compensation of employees.......................... 0.271 0.279 0.284 0.293 0.301 0.302 0.30613 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies.................................................... 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.042 0.045 0.04614 Gross operating surplus................................. 0.206 0.199 0.198 0.194 0.204 0.212 0.22315 Intermediate inputs............................................. 0.450 0.446 0.451 0.471 0.463 0.458 0.46816 Energy inputs ................................................. 0.018 0.016 0.016 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.01817 Materials inputs .............................................. 0.212 0.202 0.199 0.203 0.193 0.186 0.18818 Purchased-services inputs............................. 0.219 0.227 0.235 0.250 0.252 0.254 0.26119 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 1.105 1.047 0.995 1.000 1.031 0.994 1.07120 Value added ................................................... 0.452 0.415 0.372 0.385 0.390 0.386 0.44321 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.120 0.126 0.131 0.136 0.144 0.144 0.14222 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... –0.005 –0.022 –0.051 –0.055 –0.051 –0.014 –0.02923 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.336 0.311 0.293 0.305 0.297 0.256 0.33024 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 0.653 0.632 0.623 0.615 0.641 0.608 0.62725 Energy inputs............................................. 0.040 0.033 0.039 0.042 0.043 0.043 0.04126 Materials inputs ......................................... 0.413 0.400 0.392 0.386 0.400 0.380 0.39527 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.200 0.199 0.191 0.187 0.198 0.185 0.19128 Mining ........................................................... 0.780 0.674 0.735 1.000 1.018 0.936 1.17729 Value added ................................................... 0.426 0.352 0.413 0.562 0.538 0.507 0.63030 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.156 0.163 0.162 0.167 0.176 0.182 0.188

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

31 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies ............................................... 0.056 0.052 0.052 0.061 0.064 0.062 0.070

32 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.214 0.137 0.199 0.334 0.298 0.263 0.37233 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 0.354 0.322 0.322 0.438 0.479 0.429 0.54834 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.033 0.024 0.023 0.039 0.040 0.034 0.05535 Materials inputs ......................................... 0.177 0.152 0.154 0.210 0.222 0.200 0.26236 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.144 0.146 0.144 0.189 0.218 0.195 0.23137 Utilities .......................................................... 0.957 0.944 0.943 1.000 1.092 1.034 1.12738 Value added ................................................... 0.593 0.585 0.615 0.593 0.643 0.660 0.70339 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.130 0.133 0.141 0.145 0.154 0.159 0.16640 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.094 0.093 0.099 0.097 0.082 0.109 0.11941 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.370 0.358 0.375 0.351 0.407 0.392 0.41942 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 0.364 0.359 0.328 0.407 0.449 0.374 0.42443 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.107 0.102 0.101 0.114 0.118 0.115 0.12444 Materials inputs ......................................... 0.175 0.165 0.159 0.217 0.248 0.186 0.24745 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.082 0.092 0.068 0.076 0.083 0.073 0.05346 Construction................................................. 0.893 0.922 0.958 1.000 1.041 1.069 1.10647 Value added ................................................... 0.446 0.472 0.488 0.506 0.543 0.564 0.58148 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.303 0.321 0.339 0.359 0.379 0.387 0.38649 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.00750 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.137 0.146 0.143 0.141 0.158 0.170 0.18851 Intermediate inputs ........................................ 0.447 0.450 0.470 0.494 0.498 0.506 0.52552 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.011 0.008 0.009 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.01253 Materials inputs ......................................... 0.307 0.313 0.328 0.341 0.346 0.340 0.34654 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.129 0.129 0.134 0.142 0.141 0.155 0.16755 Manufacturing .............................................. 1.017 0.986 0.979 1.000 0.989 0.980 1.00256 Value added ................................................... 0.344 0.345 0.338 0.344 0.341 0.344 0.35957 Compensation of employees ..................... 0.210 0.212 0.210 0.222 0.223 0.222 0.22958 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.011 0.01259 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.124 0.123 0.118 0.113 0.107 0.111 0.118



Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

60 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.672 0.642 0.641 0.656 0.649 0.635 0.64361 Energy inputs.............................................. 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.01562 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.504 0.474 0.470 0.483 0.465 0.455 0.46163 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.151 0.151 0.156 0.157 0.168 0.166 0.16764 Durable goods .......................................... 1.080 1.043 1.017 1.000 0.975 0.966 0.96265 Value added................................................ 0.386 0.383 0.365 0.372 0.357 0.357 0.36766 Compensation of employees.................. 0.262 0.259 0.254 0.267 0.268 0.262 0.27167 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.00768 Gross operating surplus......................... 0.118 0.118 0.105 0.099 0.083 0.088 0.09069 Intermediate inputs..................................... 0.694 0.660 0.652 0.628 0.618 0.608 0.59570 Energy inputs ......................................... 0.014 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.010 0.01071 Materials inputs ...................................... 0.519 0.493 0.483 0.466 0.447 0.439 0.42372 Purchased-services inputs..................... 0.162 0.155 0.159 0.152 0.160 0.159 0.16273 Nondurable goods.................................... 0.938 0.915 0.931 1.000 1.007 0.998 1.05174 Value added................................................ 0.295 0.298 0.305 0.309 0.320 0.329 0.34875 Compensation of employees.................. 0.151 0.155 0.156 0.164 0.167 0.173 0.17876 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies............................................ 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.015 0.016 0.017 0.01777 Gross operating surplus......................... 0.130 0.130 0.134 0.130 0.138 0.139 0.15378 Intermediate inputs..................................... 0.642 0.616 0.627 0.691 0.686 0.669 0.70379 Energy inputs ......................................... 0.022 0.020 0.020 0.022 0.023 0.021 0.02280 Materials inputs ...................................... 0.482 0.450 0.454 0.505 0.486 0.474 0.50781 Purchased-services inputs..................... 0.138 0.146 0.153 0.164 0.177 0.174 0.17482 Wholesale trade ............................................ 1.012 0.965 0.975 1.000 0.971 0.982 1.02483 Value added .................................................... 0.700 0.683 0.688 0.682 0.693 0.704 0.72684 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.361 0.366 0.374 0.379 0.381 0.376 0.38985 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.164 0.159 0.156 0.156 0.154 0.154 0.16186 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.175 0.157 0.158 0.147 0.157 0.174 0.17687 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.312 0.283 0.287 0.318 0.279 0.278 0.29888 Energy inputs.............................................. 0.011 0.009 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.00989 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.072 0.064 0.063 0.068 0.056 0.054 0.05890 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.229 0.210 0.215 0.239 0.212 0.214 0.23091 Retail trade .................................................... 0.985 0.984 0.992 1.000 0.986 1.003 0.99592 Value added .................................................... 0.681 0.674 0.663 0.655 0.668 0.684 0.67793 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.378 0.385 0.384 0.392 0.396 0.388 0.38094 Taxes on production and imports less


100 Transportation and warehousing ................ 0.938 0.948 0.963 1.000 1.005 1.004 1.023101 Value added .................................................... 0.473 0.487 0.494 0.509 0.522 0.534 0.551102 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.298 0.311 0.320 0.336 0.358 0.353 0.352103 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.022 0.025 0.026 0.027 0.017 0.030 0.025104 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.153 0.151 0.149 0.146 0.147 0.152 0.174105 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.466 0.462 0.469 0.491 0.483 0.470 0.471106 Energy inputs.............................................. 0.074 0.056 0.063 0.083 0.073 0.068 0.074107 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.071 0.074 0.070 0.072 0.071 0.069 0.067108 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.321 0.331 0.335 0.336 0.339 0.332 0.330109 Information .................................................... 1.005 1.000 0.996 1.000 1.001 0.997 1.000110 Value added .................................................... 0.522 0.503 0.507 0.478 0.477 0.466 0.476111 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.248 0.245 0.251 0.259 0.244 0.225 0.217112 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.045 0.042 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.038 0.037113 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.229 0.217 0.217 0.181 0.196 0.203 0.222114 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.483 0.497 0.489 0.522 0.524 0.531 0.524115 Energy inputs.............................................. 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.003116 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.102 0.099 0.094 0.099 0.095 0.090 0.083117 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.377 0.394 0.391 0.420 0.426 0.438 0.438118 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ....................................................... 0.967 0.977 0.986 1.000 1.016 1.040 1.059119 Value added .................................................... 0.635 0.635 0.634 0.629 0.667 0.688 0.693120 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.145 0.155 0.155 0.159 0.168 0.170 0.172121 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.064 0.063 0.062 0.060 0.064 0.068 0.069122 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.426 0.417 0.416 0.410 0.435 0.450 0.452123 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.332 0.342 0.352 0.371 0.349 0.352 0.366124 Energy inputs.............................................. 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.014125 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.039 0.038 0.035 0.034 0.032 0.034 0.036126 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.284 0.296 0.310 0.326 0.305 0.305 0.316127 Professional and business services ........... 0.922 0.944 0.969 1.000 1.022 1.030 1.043128 Value added .................................................... 0.620 0.617 0.629 0.629 0.635 0.639 0.647129 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.433 0.442 0.455 0.467 0.466 0.459 0.454130 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.013

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

131 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.175 0.163 0.161 0.151 0.156 0.168 0.180132 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.302 0.328 0.341 0.371 0.387 0.391 0.396133 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.011 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012134 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.051 0.054 0.055 0.058 0.057 0.056 0.056135 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.240 0.263 0.275 0.301 0.318 0.323 0.329136 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance...................................... 0.918 0.943 0.968 1.000 1.038 1.067 1.100137 Value added.................................................... 0.567 0.576 0.591 0.611 0.639 0.658 0.682138 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.455 0.467 0.478 0.496 0.513 0.526 0.545139 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................ 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008140 Gross operating surplus ............................. 0.105 0.102 0.106 0.107 0.118 0.124 0.129141 Intermediate inputs ......................................... 0.351 0.367 0.376 0.389 0.400 0.409 0.418142 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.011 0.011143 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.101 0.104 0.106 0.107 0.107 0.107 0.108144 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.241 0.254 0.262 0.272 0.282 0.292 0.299

145 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services ....... 0.933 0.946 0.969 1.000 1.031 1.054 1.077

146 Value added.................................................... 0.506 0.514 0.535 0.547 0.569 0.590 0.593147 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.307 0.316 0.329 0.341 0.358 0.365 0.370148 Taxes on production and imports less


154 Other services, except government ............ 0.914 0.936 0.964 1.000 1.042 1.074 1.104155 Value added.................................................... 0.518 0.521 0.528 0.535 0.564 0.591 0.615156 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.342 0.349 0.360 0.367 0.387 0.413 0.430157 Taxes on production and imports less


163 Government ....................................................... 0.922 0.936 0.961 1.000 1.030 1.061 1.101164 Value added ........................................................ 0.599 0.608 0.615 0.633 0.642 0.656 0.669165 Compensation of employees .......................... 0.500 0.509 0.515 0.532 0.543 0.557 0.567166 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies .................................................... –0.007 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.006 –0.007167 Gross operating surplus ................................. 0.106 0.105 0.106 0.107 0.104 0.105 0.109168 Intermediate inputs ............................................. 0.323 0.328 0.346 0.367 0.388 0.405 0.432169 Energy inputs ............................................. 0.024 0.023 0.026 0.032 0.035 0.033 0.035170 Materials inputs .......................................... 0.096 0.096 0.096 0.098 0.106 0.109 0.117171 Purchased-services inputs ......................... 0.203 0.210 0.224 0.237 0.247 0.263 0.280

Addenda:172 Private goods-producing industries 1 ......... 0.993 0.967 0.967 1.000 1.001 0.993 1.029173 Value added.................................................... 0.369 0.368 0.366 0.380 0.384 0.389 0.410174 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.218 0.222 0.225 0.237 0.242 0.244 0.249175 Taxes on production and imports less


181 Private services-producing industries 2...... 0.957 0.964 0.977 1.000 1.015 1.029 1.049182 Value added.................................................... 0.603 0.600 0.606 0.604 0.625 0.639 0.650183 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.301 0.309 0.315 0.322 0.329 0.329 0.331184 Taxes on production and imports less


190 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 .............................. 1.230 1.122 1.051 1.000 0.948 0.925 0.898

191 Value added.................................................... 0.559 0.531 0.498 0.465 0.434 0.433 0.434192 Compensation of employees ...................... 0.381 0.380 0.374 0.389 0.373 0.345 0.317193 Taxes on production and imports less






Table 3. Current-Dollar Cost per Unit of Real Gross Output by Industry Group, 1997–2003[Dollars]


Table 3.A. Percent Changes in Current-Dollar Cost per Unit of Real Gross Output by Industry Group, 1998–2003—Continues[Percent]

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries.................................................... –0.2 1.0 2.9 1.2 1.0 2.62 Value added ...................................................... 0.0 0.8 1.3 3.1 2.3 2.63 Compensation of employees......................... 2.4 1.3 3.2 2.8 0.9 1.54 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.0 –2.7 2.8 0.0 5.4 2.65 Gross operating surplus ................................ –3.1 –0.5 –1.6 4.3 3.6 5.06 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.5 1.4 4.8 –1.1 –0.7 2.77 Energy inputs ................................................ –10.5 0.0 17.6 0.0 –5.0 5.38 Materials inputs ............................................. –4.0 –1.6 2.1 –4.2 –3.3 1.19 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 4.1 3.5 6.0 1.2 1.6 3.1

10 Private industries ................................................ –0.4 0.9 2.7 1.0 0.7 2.511 Value added .......................................................... –0.2 0.8 1.1 3.4 2.2 2.712 Compensation of employees ............................. 3.0 1.8 3.2 2.7 0.3 1.313 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies 0.0 –2.4 0.0 2.4 7.1 2.214 Gross operating surplus .................................... –3.4 –0.5 –2.0 5.2 3.9 5.215 Intermediate inputs................................................ –0.9 1.1 4.4 –1.7 –1.1 2.216 Energy inputs .................................................... –11.1 0.0 12.5 0.0 –5.6 5.917 Materials inputs ................................................. –4.7 –1.5 2.0 –4.9 –3.6 1.118 Purchased-services inputs ................................ 3.7 3.5 6.4 0.8 0.8 2.819 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting –5.2 –5.0 0.5 3.1 –3.6 7.720 Value added ...................................................... –8.2 –10.4 3.5 1.3 –1.0 14.821 Compensation of employees......................... 5.0 4.0 3.8 5.9 0.0 –1.422 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –340.0 –131.8 –7.8 7.3 72.5 –107.123 Gross operating surplus ................................ –7.4 –5.8 4.1 –2.6 –13.8 28.924 Intermediate inputs............................................ –3.2 –1.4 –1.3 4.2 –5.1 3.125 Energy inputs ................................................ –17.5 18.2 7.7 2.4 0.0 –4.726 Materials inputs ............................................. –3.1 –2.0 –1.5 3.6 –5.0 3.927 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –0.5 –4.0 –2.1 5.9 –6.6 3.228 Mining............................................................... –13.6 9.1 36.1 1.8 –8.1 25.729 Value added ...................................................... –17.4 17.3 36.1 –4.3 –5.8 24.330 Compensation of employees......................... 4.5 –0.6 3.1 5.4 3.4 3.331 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –7.1 0.0 17.3 4.9 –3.1 12.932 Gross operating surplus ................................ –36.0 45.3 67.8 –10.8 –11.7 41.433 Intermediate inputs............................................ –9.0 0.0 36.0 9.4 –10.4 27.734 Energy inputs ................................................ –27.3 –4.2 69.6 2.6 –15.0 61.835 Materials inputs ............................................. –14.1 1.3 36.4 5.7 –9.9 31.036 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 1.4 –1.4 31.3 15.3 –10.6 18.537 Utilities ............................................................. –1.4 –0.1 6.0 9.2 –5.3 9.038 Value added ...................................................... –1.3 5.1 –3.6 8.4 2.6 6.539 Compensation of employees......................... 2.3 6.0 2.8 6.2 3.2 4.440 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –1.1 6.5 –2.0 –15.5 32.9 9.241 Gross operating surplus ................................ –3.2 4.7 –6.4 16.0 –3.7 6.942 Intermediate inputs............................................ –1.4 –8.6 24.1 10.3 –16.7 13.443 Energy inputs ................................................ –4.7 –1.0 12.9 3.5 –2.5 7.844 Materials inputs ............................................. –5.7 –3.6 36.5 14.3 –25.0 32.845 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 12.2 –26.1 11.8 9.2 –12.0 –27.446 Construction .................................................... 3.2 3.9 4.4 4.1 2.7 3.547 Value added ...................................................... 5.8 3.4 3.7 7.3 3.9 3.048 Compensation of employees......................... 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.6 2.1 –0.349 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.7 0.050 Gross operating surplus ................................ 6.6 –2.1 –1.4 12.1 7.6 10.651 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.7 4.4 5.1 0.8 1.6 3.852 Energy inputs ................................................ –27.3 12.5 22.2 0.0 0.0 9.153 Materials inputs ............................................. 2.0 4.8 4.0 1.5 –1.7 1.854 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.0 3.9 6.0 –0.7 9.9 7.755 Manufacturing.................................................. –3.0 –0.7 2.1 –1.1 –0.9 2.256 Value added ...................................................... 0.3 –2.0 1.8 –0.9 0.9 4.457 Compensation of employees......................... 1.0 –0.9 5.7 0.5 –0.4 3.258 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.0 –10.0 11.1 10.0 0.0 9.159 Gross operating surplus ................................ –0.8 –4.1 –4.2 –5.3 3.7 6.360 Intermediate inputs............................................ –4.5 –0.2 2.3 –1.1 –2.2 1.361 Energy inputs ................................................ –11.1 –6.3 6.7 0.0 –6.3 0.062 Materials inputs ............................................. –6.0 –0.8 2.8 –3.7 –2.2 1.363 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.0 3.3 0.6 7.0 –1.2 0.664 Durable goods ............................................. –3.4 –2.5 –1.7 –2.5 –0.9 –0.465 Value added .................................................. –0.8 –4.7 1.9 –4.0 0.0 2.866 Compensation of employees..................... –1.1 –1.9 5.1 0.4 –2.2 3.467 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.7 0.068 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.0 –11.0 –5.7 –16.2 6.0 2.369 Intermediate inputs........................................ –4.9 –1.2 –3.7 –1.6 –1.6 –2.170 Energy inputs ............................................ –14.3 –8.3 0.0 0.0 –9.1 0.071 Materials inputs ......................................... –5.0 –2.0 –3.5 –4.1 –1.8 –3.672 Purchased-services inputs ........................ –4.3 2.6 –4.4 5.3 –0.6 1.973 Nondurable goods....................................... –2.5 1.7 7.4 0.7 –0.9 5.374 Value added .................................................. 1.0 2.3 1.3 3.6 2.8 5.875 Compensation of employees..................... 2.6 0.6 5.1 1.8 3.6 2.976 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ............................................... 0.0 0.0 7.1 6.7 6.3 0.077 Gross operating surplus ............................ 0.0 3.1 –3.0 6.2 0.7 10.178 Intermediate inputs........................................ –4.0 1.8 10.2 –0.7 –2.5 5.179 Energy inputs ............................................ –9.1 0.0 10.0 4.5 –8.7 4.880 Materials inputs ......................................... –6.6 0.9 11.2 –3.8 –2.5 7.081 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 5.8 4.8 7.2 7.9 –1.7 0.082 Wholesale trade............................................... –4.6 1.0 2.6 –2.9 1.1 4.383 Value added ...................................................... –2.4 0.7 –0.9 1.6 1.6 3.184 Compensation of employees......................... 1.4 2.2 1.3 0.5 –1.3 3.5

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

85 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies ................................................... –3.0 –1.9 0.0 –1.3 0.0 4.5

86 Gross operating surplus ................................ –10.3 0.6 –7.0 6.8 10.8 1.187 Intermediate inputs............................................ –9.3 1.4 10.8 –12.3 –0.4 7.288 Energy inputs ................................................ –18.2 –11.1 25.0 0.0 –10.0 0.089 Materials inputs ............................................. –11.1 –1.6 7.9 –17.6 –3.6 7.490 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –8.3 2.4 11.2 –11.3 0.9 7.591 Retail trade....................................................... –0.1 0.8 0.8 –1.4 1.7 –0.892 Value added ...................................................... –1.0 –1.6 –1.2 2.0 2.4 –1.093 Compensation of employees......................... 1.9 –0.3 2.1 1.0 –2.0 –2.194 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.7 –0.7 0.0 –0.7 –2.9 –0.795 Gross operating surplus ................................ –9.1 –6.0 –11.4 8.1 20.9 0.696 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.0 6.1 4.9 –7.8 0.3 –0.397 Energy inputs ................................................ –5.9 0.0 12.5 –5.6 –11.8 0.098 Materials inputs ............................................. –1.7 10.2 4.6 –10.3 3.3 –1.699 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 3.5 5.5 4.4 –6.9 –0.4 0.8

100 Transportation and warehousing................... 1.1 1.6 3.8 0.5 –0.1 1.9101 Value added ...................................................... 3.0 1.4 3.0 2.6 2.3 3.2102 Compensation of employees......................... 4.4 2.9 5.0 6.5 –1.4 –0.3103 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 13.6 4.0 3.8 –37.0 76.5 –16.7104 Gross operating surplus ................................ –1.3 –1.3 –2.0 0.7 3.4 14.5105 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.9 1.5 4.7 –1.6 –2.7 0.2106 Energy inputs ................................................ –24.3 12.5 31.7 –12.0 –6.8 8.8107 Materials inputs ............................................. 4.2 –5.4 2.9 –1.4 –2.8 –2.9108 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 3.1 1.2 0.3 0.9 –2.1 –0.6109 Information....................................................... –0.5 –0.4 0.4 0.1 –0.4 0.3110 Value added ...................................................... –3.6 0.8 –5.7 –0.2 –2.3 2.1111 Compensation of employees......................... –1.2 2.4 3.2 –5.8 –7.8 –3.6112 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –6.7 –7.1 –2.6 –2.6 2.7 –2.6113 Gross operating surplus ................................ –5.2 0.0 –16.6 8.3 3.6 9.4114 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.9 –1.6 6.7 0.4 1.3 –1.3115 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 –25.0 0.0 33.3 –25.0 0.0116 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.9 –5.1 5.3 –4.0 –5.3 –7.8117 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 4.5 –0.8 7.4 1.4 2.8 0.0118 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing .......................................................... 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.6 2.4 1.8119 Value added ...................................................... 0.0 –0.2 –0.8 6.0 3.1 0.7120 Compensation of employees......................... 6.9 0.0 2.6 5.7 1.2 1.2121 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –1.6 –1.6 –3.2 6.7 6.3 1.5122 Gross operating surplus ................................ –2.1 –0.2 –1.4 6.1 3.4 0.4123 Intermediate inputs............................................ 3.0 2.9 5.4 –5.9 0.9 4.0124 Energy inputs ................................................ –11.1 –12.5 57.1 9.1 8.3 7.7125 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.6 –7.9 –2.9 –5.9 6.3 5.9126 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 4.2 4.7 5.2 –6.4 0.0 3.6127 Professional and business services ............. 2.4 2.6 3.2 2.2 0.8 1.3128 Value added ...................................................... –0.5 1.9 0.0 1.0 0.6 1.3129 Compensation of employees......................... 2.1 2.9 2.6 –0.2 –1.5 –1.1130 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.3131 Gross operating surplus ................................ –6.9 –1.2 –6.2 3.3 7.7 7.1132 Intermediate inputs............................................ 8.6 4.0 8.8 4.3 1.0 1.3133 Energy inputs ................................................ –9.1 0.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 0.0134 Materials inputs ............................................. 5.9 1.9 5.5 –1.7 –1.8 0.0135 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 9.6 4.6 9.5 5.6 1.6 1.9136 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance......................................... 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.8 2.8 3.1137 Value added ...................................................... 1.6 2.6 3.4 4.6 3.0 3.6138 Compensation of employees......................... 2.6 2.4 3.8 3.4 2.5 3.6139 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.0 0.0 14.3 0.0 0.0 0.0140 Gross operating surplus ................................ –2.9 3.9 0.9 10.3 5.1 4.0141 Intermediate inputs............................................ 4.6 2.5 3.5 2.8 2.3 2.2142 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 0.0 11.1 0.0 10.0 0.0143 Materials inputs ............................................. 3.0 1.9 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.9144 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 5.4 3.1 3.8 3.7 3.5 2.4145 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... 1.4 2.4 3.2 3.1 2.2 2.2146 Value added ...................................................... 1.6 4.1 2.2 4.0 3.7 0.5147 Compensation of employees......................... 2.9 4.1 3.6 5.0 2.0 1.4148 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 3.4 5.0 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5149 Gross operating surplus ................................ –2.8 4.3 –1.4 2.1 9.7 –1.9150 Intermediate inputs............................................ 1.2 0.5 4.4 2.0 0.4 4.3151 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 –4.8 10.0 4.5 –8.7 9.5152 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.5 0.0 –1.0 0.0 –2.0 –0.5153 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 3.4 1.4 8.8 3.8 2.9 7.2154 Other services, except government .............. 2.4 3.0 3.7 4.2 3.1 2.8155 Value added ...................................................... 0.6 1.3 1.3 5.4 4.8 4.1156 Compensation of employees......................... 2.0 3.2 1.9 5.4 6.7 4.1157 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... 0.0 2.9 2.8 0.0 5.4 5.1158 Gross operating surplus ................................ –3.5 –3.6 –0.8 6.9 –0.7 3.6159 Intermediate inputs............................................ 5.1 4.8 6.9 2.8 1.0 1.2160 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 7.7 7.1 0.0 0.0 0.0161 Materials inputs ............................................. 4.3 3.6 4.6 2.2 –2.2 2.2162 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 5.9 6.0 8.1 3.4 2.9 1.1163 Government ......................................................... 1.5 2.7 4.1 3.0 3.0 3.8164 Value added .......................................................... 1.5 1.2 2.9 1.4 2.2 2.0



Table 3.A. Percent Changes in Current-Dollar Cost per Unit of Real Gross Output by Industry Group, 1998–2003[Percent]

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

165 Compensation of employees............................. 1.8 1.2 3.3 2.1 2.6 1.8166 Taxes on production and imports less subsidies 14.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 –16.7167 Gross operating surplus .................................... –0.9 1.0 0.9 –2.8 1.0 3.8168 Intermediate inputs................................................ 1.5 5.5 6.1 5.7 4.4 6.7169 Energy inputs ................................................ –4.2 13.0 23.1 9.4 –5.7 6.1170 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.0 2.1 8.2 2.8 7.3171 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 3.4 6.7 5.8 4.2 6.5 6.5

Addenda:172 Private goods-producing industries 1 ............ –2.6 0.0 3.4 0.1 –0.8 3.6173 Value added ...................................................... –0.3 –0.5 3.8 1.1 1.3 5.4174 Compensation of employees......................... 1.8 1.4 5.3 2.1 0.8 2.0175 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –10.0 –11.1 0.0 12.5 22.2 0.0176 Gross operating surplus ................................ –3.5 –2.2 1.5 –1.5 0.0 12.8177 Intermediate inputs............................................ –4.0 0.3 3.2 –0.6 –1.8 2.3178 Energy inputs ................................................ –11.1 0.0 6.3 5.9 –11.1 12.5179 Materials inputs ............................................. –4.8 –0.2 3.2 –3.1 –2.3 1.9180 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.0 2.7 1.9 6.4 –0.6 3.0181 Private services-producing industries 2........ 0.7 1.3 2.4 1.5 1.4 1.9

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

182 Value added ...................................................... –0.5 1.0 –0.3 3.5 2.2 1.7183 Compensation of employees......................... 2.7 1.9 2.2 2.2 0.0 0.6184 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –1.7 0.0 –1.7 0.0 5.2 1.6185 Gross operating surplus ................................ –4.1 0.0 –3.4 6.3 4.6 3.2186 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.5 2.2 6.7 –1.5 0.0 2.3187 Energy inputs ................................................ –11.1 0.0 18.8 –5.3 0.0 5.6188 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 –2.5 3.9 –2.5 –2.6 2.6189 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 4.7 3.3 6.8 –1.3 1.0 2.4190 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................. –8.8 –6.3 –4.9 –5.2 –2.4 –2.9191 Value added ...................................................... –5.0 –6.2 –6.6 –6.7 –0.2 0.2192 Compensation of employees......................... –0.3 –1.6 4.0 –4.1 –7.5 –8.1193 Taxes on production and imports less

subsidies ................................................... –10.0 –11.1 0.0 0.0 12.5 –11.1194 Gross operating surplus ................................ –15.4 –19.6 –40.0 –23.2 49.1 38.0195 Intermediate inputs............................................ –11.9 –6.4 –3.3 –3.9 –4.3 –5.5196 Energy inputs ................................................ –25.0 –16.7 0.0 0.0 –20.0 0.0197 Materials inputs ............................................. –17.4 –9.3 –4.6 –12.7 –6.8 –7.8198 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –5.4 –3.4 –2.1 3.9 –2.4 –3.9






Table 4. Contributions to Percent Changes in Chain-Type Price Indexes for Gross Output by Industry Group, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries.................................................... –0.3 1.1 2.8 1.2 1.0 2.62 Value added ...................................................... 0.5 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.13 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.7 0.3 1.7 0.0 0.0 1.54 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 –0.1 0.25 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.8 0.0 0.8 –0.2 –0.2 0.76 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.57 Private industries ................................................ –0.5 0.9 2.7 1.0 0.7 2.48 Value added........................................................... 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.09 Intermediate inputs................................................ –0.8 0.3 1.6 –0.1 0.0 1.5

10 Energy inputs..................................................... –0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 –0.1 0.211 Materials inputs ................................................. –0.9 –0.1 0.9 –0.3 –0.2 0.712 Purchased-services inputs ................................ 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.513 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... –5.3 –4.9 0.5 3.1 –3.6 7.714 Value added ...................................................... –2.2 –4.5 –2.7 2.5 –2.9 4.515 Intermediate inputs............................................ –3.1 –0.4 3.2 0.7 –0.8 3.216 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.4 0.3 0.9 0.0 –0.2 0.517 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.6 –1.0 1.6 0.2 –0.5 2.318 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.419 Mining............................................................... –13.6 9.0 36.1 1.8 –8.0 25.720 Value added ...................................................... –10.3 6.1 25.8 1.8 –5.3 17.621 Intermediate inputs............................................ –3.3 2.9 10.3 0.0 –2.7 8.222 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.4 0.2 1.0 0.0 –0.3 1.023 Materials inputs ............................................. –1.7 0.9 4.5 0.0 –1.2 4.024 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –1.2 1.9 4.7 –0.1 –1.2 3.125 Utilities ............................................................. –1.4 –0.1 6.1 9.2 –5.3 9.026 Value added ...................................................... 0.9 –1.3 –2.2 7.2 –1.1 –0.327 Intermediate inputs............................................ –2.3 1.1 8.3 1.9 –4.2 9.328 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.7 0.1 1.8 0.5 –0.8 2.029 Materials inputs ............................................. –1.8 0.9 6.2 1.2 –3.7 7.230 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.131 Construction .................................................... 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.1 2.7 3.432 Value added ...................................................... 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.8 2.5 2.633 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.1 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.934 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 –0.1 0.235 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.436 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.337 Manufacturing.................................................. –3.0 –0.7 2.1 –1.1 –0.9 2.238 Value added ...................................................... –0.6 –0.7 –0.8 –0.1 –0.7 –0.239 Intermediate inputs............................................ –2.5 0.0 2.9 –0.9 –0.3 2.440 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.241 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.7 –0.3 2.4 –1.2 –0.4 1.942 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.343 Durable goods ............................................. –3.4 –2.5 –1.7 –2.5 –1.0 –0.344 Value added .................................................. –1.7 –1.6 –2.1 –1.6 –0.8 –1.045 Intermediate inputs........................................ –1.7 –0.9 0.4 –0.9 –0.2 0.746 Energy inputs ............................................ 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 –0.1 0.147 Materials inputs ......................................... –1.8 –1.1 0.0 –1.1 –0.3 0.348 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.349 Nondurable goods....................................... –2.5 1.8 7.4 0.7 –0.9 5.350 Value added .................................................. 1.0 0.4 0.9 1.7 –0.5 0.951 Intermediate inputs........................................ –3.4 1.4 6.5 –1.0 –0.4 4.552 Energy inputs ............................................ –0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 –0.2 0.353 Materials inputs ......................................... –3.7 0.9 5.6 –1.3 –0.5 3.854 Purchased-services inputs ........................ 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.455 Wholesale trade ............................................... –4.6 1.0 2.6 –2.9 1.1 4.356 Value added ...................................................... –4.6 0.8 2.0 –2.9 1.0 3.857 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.658 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 –0.1 0.159 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.3 –0.2 –0.1 –0.1 –0.1 0.160 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.461 Retail trade....................................................... –0.1 0.8 0.8 –1.4 1.7 –0.862 Value added ...................................................... –0.5 0.2 –0.2 –1.6 1.5 –1.463 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.664 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.165 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.066 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.467 Transportation and warehousing................... 1.1 1.6 3.8 0.5 –0.1 1.868 Value added ...................................................... 2.2 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.3 –0.169 Intermediate inputs............................................ –1.1 1.2 3.9 0.0 –0.4 1.9

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

70 Energy inputs................................................. –1.2 0.6 2.4 –0.5 –0.4 1.171 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.372 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.2 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.673 Information ....................................................... –0.5 –0.5 0.4 0.1 –0.4 0.374 Value added....................................................... –0.3 –0.4 –0.2 0.0 –0.6 –0.375 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.676 Energy inputs................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.077 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.3 –0.2 0.0 –0.2 –0.2 0.078 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.679 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing .......................................................... 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.6 2.3 1.880 Value added....................................................... 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.9 1.081 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.1 0.0 0.1 –0.1 0.4 0.882 Energy inputs................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 –0.1 0.183 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.184 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.0 –0.1 0.0 –0.2 0.5 0.785 Professional and business services.............. 2.5 2.6 3.2 2.2 0.8 1.386 Value added....................................................... 2.3 2.3 2.5 1.8 0.5 0.687 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.688 Energy inputs................................................. –0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 –0.1 0.189 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.2 –0.1 0.0 –0.1 0.0 0.090 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.591 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ......................................... 2.7 2.6 3.3 3.8 2.8 3.192 Value added....................................................... 2.5 2.2 2.5 3.4 2.5 2.393 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.894 Energy inputs................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 –0.1 0.195 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.296 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.597 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... 1.4 2.4 3.2 3.1 2.2 2.298 Value added....................................................... 1.1 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.099 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.9 0.1 1.2

100 Energy inputs................................................. –0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 –0.1 0.2101 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 –0.2 0.5102 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4103 Other services, except government............... 2.4 3.0 3.8 4.2 3.1 2.7104 Value added....................................................... 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.8 2.9 2.1105 Intermediate inputs............................................ 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.6106 Energy inputs................................................. –0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 –0.1 0.1107 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.3 –0.1 0.1 –0.1 –0.1 0.0108 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5

109 Government ......................................................... 1.5 2.8 4.0 3.0 3.0 3.8110 Value added........................................................... 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.2111 Intermediate inputs................................................ –0.1 0.7 1.9 0.6 0.3 1.6112 Energy inputs................................................. –0.3 0.2 0.6 –0.1 –0.1 0.4113 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4114 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.8

Addenda:115 Private goods-producing industries 1............ –2.6 0.0 3.4 0.1 –0.7 3.6116 Value added....................................................... –0.4 –0.2 0.5 0.7 –0.4 1.2117 Intermediate inputs............................................ –2.2 0.2 2.9 –0.6 –0.3 2.4118 Energy inputs................................................. –0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 –0.1 0.2119 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.3 –0.2 2.1 –0.9 –0.3 1.7120 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4

121 Private services-producing industries 2........ 0.7 1.4 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.9122 Value added....................................................... 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.9123 Intermediate inputs............................................ –0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.0124 Energy inputs................................................. –0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 –0.1 0.2125 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 –0.2 0.3126 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.5127 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................ –8.8 –6.3 –4.9 –5.2 –2.5 –2.9128 Value added....................................................... –6.2 –4.8 –4.1 –4.1 –2.0 –2.7129 Intermediate inputs............................................ –2.6 –1.5 –0.8 –1.1 –0.4 –0.2130 Energy inputs................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0131 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.5 –1.6 –1.2 –1.3 –0.5 –0.4132 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2


estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health care, and social assistance;arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other services, except government.

3. Consists of computer and electronic products; publishing industries (includes software); information and data

processing services; and computer systems design and related services.NOTE. The percent changes for each industry group are shown in bold. Below each industry group, the percentage-point

contributions of value added and of intermediate inputs to the percent change are shown; the percentage-point contribu-tions of the components of intermediate inputs are also shown.


Table 5. Contributions to Percent Changes in Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Gross Output by Industry Group, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ................................................... 5.3 5.1 4.6 –0.1 1.2 2.22 Value added ...................................................... 2.5 2.5 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.63 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.9 2.7 2.6 –0.5 0.3 0.64 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 –0.15 Materials inputs ............................................. 1.0 0.8 0.5 –0.6 –0.2 –0.16 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 1.8 1.8 2.0 0.1 0.4 0.87 Private industries ................................................ 5.7 5.4 4.9 –0.4 0.9 2.18 Value added .......................................................... 2.7 2.7 2.1 0.5 1.0 1.79 Intermediate inputs................................................ 3.1 2.7 2.7 –0.9 –0.1 0.5

10 Energy inputs .................................................... 0.0 0.0 0.1 –0.1 0.1 –0.111 Materials inputs ................................................. 1.1 0.9 0.5 –0.8 –0.3 –0.212 Purchased-services inputs ................................ 2.0 1.8 2.2 –0.1 0.2 0.713 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... 0.7 2.1 1.0 –1.4 0.1 2.414 Value added ...................................................... –0.9 1.3 4.4 –2.5 2.5 2.215 Intermediate inputs............................................ 1.6 0.8 –3.4 1.1 –2.4 0.216 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.2 0.4 –0.5 0.1 0.2 –0.517 Materials inputs ............................................. 1.7 1.1 –1.9 0.6 –1.3 0.118 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.1 –0.7 –0.9 0.5 –1.3 0.619 Mining............................................................... –2.3 –2.8 4.4 2.2 –6.2 0.120 Value added ...................................................... –0.4 1.4 –2.4 –3.0 –1.1 –3.921 Intermediate inputs............................................ –1.9 –4.1 6.8 5.2 –5.1 4.022 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.9 –0.3 1.1 0.2 –0.5 1.023 Materials inputs ............................................. –2.1 –1.2 3.6 1.7 –2.3 2.324 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 1.2 –2.6 2.1 3.4 –2.4 0.725 Utilities ............................................................. 2.1 –2.5 5.9 –1.5 1.4 –1.026 Value added ...................................................... –0.5 2.8 3.5 –3.0 3.6 3.627 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.6 –5.3 2.4 1.5 –2.2 –4.628 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.4 –0.5 0.3 –0.3 0.6 –1.229 Materials inputs ............................................. 1.1 –2.0 1.1 1.4 –1.7 –1.430 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 1.1 –2.9 1.0 0.3 –1.0 –2.031 Construction .................................................... 4.6 5.2 3.4 0.4 –1.7 1.632 Value added ...................................................... 2.1 1.2 0.3 0.1 –1.4 –0.133 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.5 4.0 3.0 0.3 –0.3 1.734 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.035 Materials inputs ............................................. 2.2 3.0 2.1 0.6 –1.1 0.636 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.5 0.8 1.0 –0.3 0.8 1.137 Manufacturing ................................................. 4.9 4.2 2.0 –5.0 –0.7 –0.138 Value added ...................................................... 2.3 1.5 2.2 –1.9 0.8 1.639 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.6 2.6 –0.1 –3.0 –1.5 –1.740 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.0 0.0 –0.1 –0.2 0.0 –0.141 Materials inputs ............................................. 2.2 1.8 0.0 –3.0 –1.0 –1.342 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.1 –0.5 –0.243 Durable goods ............................................. 7.7 6.7 3.5 –6.2 –1.1 0.644 Value added .................................................. 4.3 2.3 4.1 –2.2 0.5 2.345 Intermediate inputs ....................................... 3.4 4.4 –0.6 –4.0 –1.6 –1.746 Energy inputs ............................................ 0.0 0.0 –0.1 –0.1 0.0 –0.147 Materials inputs ......................................... 3.1 3.3 0.0 –3.6 –1.1 –1.748 Purchased-services inputs........................ 0.3 1.1 –0.5 –0.3 –0.5 0.149 Nondurable goods ...................................... 1.4 0.8 0.1 –3.3 –0.3 –0.850 Value added .................................................. –0.2 0.5 –0.4 –1.6 1.2 0.851 Intermediate inputs ....................................... 1.6 0.3 0.5 –1.7 –1.5 –1.652 Energy inputs ............................................ –0.1 0.0 –0.1 –0.2 0.0 –0.253 Materials inputs ......................................... 1.0 –0.1 0.0 –2.2 –0.9 –0.854 Purchased-services inputs........................ 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 –0.6 –0.655 Wholesale trade............................................... 6.8 5.6 3.2 1.1 1.3 0.056 Value added ...................................................... 7.9 3.7 –0.3 4.8 1.1 –1.457 Intermediate inputs............................................ –1.1 1.9 3.5 –3.7 0.2 1.458 Energy inputs ................................................ –0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 –0.159 Materials inputs ............................................. –0.1 0.5 0.9 –1.0 0.0 0.360 Purchased-services inputs ............................ –0.9 1.4 2.6 –2.6 0.2 1.261 Retail trade....................................................... 5.5 7.9 5.5 2.4 5.1 4.662 Value added ...................................................... 3.5 4.0 3.0 4.5 3.6 3.863 Intermediate inputs............................................ 2.0 3.9 2.5 –2.1 1.5 0.864 Energy inputs ................................................ 0.1 0.1 0.1 –0.1 0.0 –0.165 Materials inputs ............................................. 0.3 1.2 0.7 –0.6 0.6 0.166 Purchased-services inputs ............................ 1.5 2.6 1.7 –1.4 0.9 0.867 Transportation and warehousing................... 4.8 3.4 2.0 –4.1 0.2 1.768 Value added ...................................................... 1.8 2.2 2.6 –1.4 1.0 2.869 Intermediate inputs............................................ 3.0 1.2 –0.6 –2.7 –0.8 –1.0

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

70 Energy inputs................................................ –0.4 0.4 –0.2 –0.8 –0.1 –0.371 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.8 –0.2 0.2 –0.5 –0.1 –0.472 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 2.6 1.0 –0.6 –1.4 –0.7 –0.373 Information ...................................................... 13.9 14.2 10.7 4.2 0.9 2.974 Value added...................................................... 5.4 8.2 2.4 1.9 –0.1 2.775 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 8.5 6.0 8.3 2.3 1.1 0.276 Energy inputs................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.077 Materials inputs ............................................ 1.4 1.1 1.6 0.2 –0.3 –0.378 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 7.0 4.9 6.7 2.1 1.3 0.679 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ......................................................... 5.7 7.0 8.2 0.6 1.1 4.180 Value added...................................................... 2.6 3.5 3.4 2.4 0.9 2.181 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 3.1 3.5 4.8 –1.9 0.2 1.982 Energy inputs................................................ –0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.183 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.2 –0.1 0.2 –0.2 0.2 0.284 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 3.0 3.7 4.2 –1.7 –0.2 1.685 Professional and business services ............. 9.4 7.0 7.1 1.3 1.4 3.386 Value added...................................................... 3.5 3.5 2.1 –0.4 0.8 2.287 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 5.9 3.5 5.0 1.7 0.6 1.288 Energy inputs................................................ 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.089 Materials inputs ............................................ 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.290 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 4.8 2.8 4.2 1.6 0.6 1.191 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ........................................ 3.3 2.8 3.5 4.3 4.9 2.892 Value added...................................................... 0.5 1.1 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.793 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 2.7 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.6 1.094 Energy inputs................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.095 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.296 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.0 0.9

97Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ......... 4.0 3.0 4.5 –0.7 1.9 3.298 Value added...................................................... 1.9 2.0 1.8 –0.4 1.0 1.199 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 2.1 1.0 2.7 –0.3 0.9 2.1

100 Energy inputs................................................ 0.2 –0.1 0.1 –0.1 0.0 0.1101 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.8 0.5 0.3 –0.5 0.2 –0.1102 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 1.1 0.5 2.3 0.2 0.7 2.1103 Other services, except government.............. 6.4 1.7 3.9 –0.1 –0.4 0.4104 Value added...................................................... 1.5 –0.9 –0.1 –0.9 –0.5 0.3105 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 4.9 2.6 4.0 0.8 0.1 0.1106 Energy inputs................................................ 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 –0.1107 Materials inputs ............................................ 2.2 1.1 1.5 0.4 –0.3 0.3108 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 2.6 1.5 2.5 0.5 0.3 –0.1

109 Government......................................................... 2.1 3.0 2.3 3.2 3.7 3.0110 Value added.......................................................... 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.9 0.8111 Intermediate inputs ............................................... 1.3 2.3 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.2112 Energy inputs................................................ 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 –0.2113 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.8114 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 0.9 1.8 1.0 1.2 2.0 1.6

Addenda:115 Private goods-producing industries 1 ........... 4.4 4.0 2.3 –3.6 –1.1 0.3116 Value added...................................................... 2.0 1.5 1.8 –1.7 0.4 1.1117 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 2.4 2.5 0.4 –2.0 –1.5 –0.7118 Energy inputs................................................ –0.1 0.0 –0.1 –0.1 0.0 –0.1119 Materials inputs ............................................ 2.0 1.9 0.3 –2.1 –1.1 –0.7120 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2 –0.4 0.1121 Private services-producing industries 2........ 6.5 6.1 6.2 1.2 1.9 3.0122 Value added...................................................... 3.0 3.3 2.3 1.6 1.3 2.0123 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 3.4 2.8 3.9 –0.4 0.6 1.0124 Energy inputs................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.2 –0.1 0.1 –0.1125 Materials inputs ............................................ 0.6 0.4 0.6 –0.1 0.1 0.1126 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 2.8 2.4 3.2 –0.2 0.5 1.0

127Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................ 16.6 18.1 17.0 –2.4 –2.1 7.0128 Value added...................................................... 12.2 10.7 9.2 –0.2 0.9 6.2129 Intermediate inputs ........................................... 4.4 7.4 7.8 –2.2 –3.1 0.8130 Energy inputs................................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 –0.1 0.0 –0.1131 Materials inputs ............................................ 1.7 3.6 4.3 –2.4 –1.6 0.1132 Purchased-services inputs ........................... 2.7 3.7 3.5 0.2 –1.5 0.7


estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, health care, and social assistance;arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other services, except government.

3. Consists of computer and electronic products; publishing industries (includes software); information and data

processing services; and computer systems design and related services.NOTE. The percent changes for each industry group are shown in bold. Below each industry group, the percentage-point

contributions of value added and of intermediate inputs to the percent change are shown; the percentage-point contribu-tions of the components of intermediate inputs are also shown


Table 6. Chain-Type Price Indexes for Energy Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................ 89.075 82.151 84.671 100.000 102.463 96.834 109.6132 Private industries.............................................. 89.616 83.363 85.427 100.000 103.429 97.175 109.8463 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 84.667 74.881 80.603 100.000 99.828 94.995 105.6984 Farms......................................................... 84.703 74.921 80.676 100.000 99.778 95.032 105.5775 Forestry, fishing, and related activities ....... 83.147 73.277 77.783 100.000 101.896 92.584 110.872

6 Mining............................................................ 82.985 73.905 77.919 100.000 99.676 92.168 114.5587 Oil and gas extraction ................................ 81.563 73.772 77.299 100.000 103.113 91.935 118.5938 Mining, except oil and gas ......................... 85.020 76.367 79.935 100.000 98.744 93.423 111.6059 Support activities for mining....................... 81.432 66.654 73.498 100.000 93.316 90.517 108.572

10 Utilities .......................................................... 90.254 84.708 85.360 100.000 104.433 97.242 115.95611 Construction ................................................. 82.784 69.772 76.845 100.000 99.264 92.532 108.39812 Manufacturing .............................................. 92.291 89.301 89.376 100.000 107.940 99.602 112.19113 Durable goods............................................ 93.976 91.431 91.277 100.000 108.198 100.930 111.85714 Wood products ...................................... 96.118 95.903 93.991 100.000 104.497 98.985 106.18015 Nonmetallic mineral products ................ 91.832 88.851 88.829 100.000 110.670 100.553 114.81716 Primary metals ...................................... 95.264 93.041 92.606 100.000 108.486 102.071 111.76217 Fabricated metal products ..................... 92.335 89.128 89.538 100.000 108.023 100.005 112.47618 Machinery.............................................. 94.133 91.515 91.499 100.000 108.143 101.072 111.94719 Computer and electronic products ........ 96.079 94.050 93.699 100.000 108.058 102.375 111.00320 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components ...................................... 93.893 90.609 90.931 100.000 106.150 100.414 110.67021 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts .................................................. 93.464 90.668 90.818 100.000 108.304 100.870 112.37822 Other transportation equipment............. 92.945 89.404 89.904 100.000 106.367 99.944 110.79423 Furniture and related products .............. 93.969 91.220 91.265 100.000 108.462 101.119 112.57624 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................ 94.182 91.327 91.370 100.000 107.766 101.086 111.72225 Nondurable goods...................................... 91.238 87.953 88.177 100.000 107.787 98.832 112.39026 Food and beverage and tobacco

products ............................................ 91.668 88.745 88.896 100.000 110.612 100.349 114.86127 Textile mills and textile product mills ...... 93.345 90.828 90.758 100.000 109.593 101.082 113.61828 Apparel and leather and allied products 93.328 90.612 90.714 100.000 108.730 100.858 112.84329 Paper products ...................................... 93.919 93.020 91.542 100.000 105.620 98.506 107.99530 Printing and related support activities ... 93.965 91.523 91.461 100.000 109.266 101.366 112.91431 Petroleum and coal products ................. 87.698 83.229 84.460 100.000 109.908 97.547 115.81832 Chemical products................................. 88.098 82.919 84.274 100.000 106.274 96.827 113.79133 Plastics and rubber products ................. 94.854 92.013 92.022 100.000 106.293 101.094 109.840

34 Wholesale trade............................................ 90.570 85.183 87.050 100.000 103.786 98.005 109.055

35 Retail trade.................................................... 93.711 88.727 90.061 100.000 103.406 99.526 108.712

36 Transportation and warehousing................ 80.077 66.795 72.973 100.000 93.269 88.308 102.62137 Air transportation ....................................... 76.807 60.483 66.837 100.000 90.230 84.952 98.88638 Rail transportation...................................... 79.782 68.458 74.389 100.000 93.666 88.752 103.89539 Water transportation .................................. 82.371 72.136 77.344 100.000 94.304 90.636 103.94040 Truck transportation ................................... 82.700 71.536 77.259 100.000 94.804 90.174 103.79141 Transit and ground passenger

transportation ........................................ 84.677 73.485 79.280 100.000 96.478 91.981 103.97442 Pipeline transportation............................... 78.299 60.231 70.013 100.000 94.154 89.035 108.97143 Other transportation and support activities 78.255 63.952 69.950 100.000 91.698 86.619 100.46744 Warehousing and storage.......................... 88.210 81.108 84.024 100.000 101.941 95.847 108.795

45 Information.................................................... 96.035 93.052 93.298 100.000 105.382 101.821 109.04046 Publishing industries (includes software)... 96.462 94.365 94.064 100.000 107.530 102.494 110.30147 Motion picture and sound recording

industries ............................................... 96.976 95.157 94.672 100.000 107.913 102.947 110.23748 Broadcasting and telecommunications ...... 95.570 91.170 92.166 100.000 102.903 100.841 107.79149 Information and data processing services . 96.216 93.442 93.591 100.000 105.531 101.953 108.57050 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ...................................................... 96.099 93.619 93.549 100.000 108.069 102.339 110.937

51 Finance and insurance ............................ 96.375 91.098 92.394 100.000 102.851 100.817 107.708

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities 93.963 87.657 89.762 100.000 101.581 99.260 107.313

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments ....................................... 98.305 94.842 95.066 100.000 104.298 102.733 107.748

54 Insurance carriers and related activities 92.908 86.741 89.184 100.000 101.495 98.612 107.16255 Funds, trusts, and other financial

vehicles ............................................. 98.031 94.790 95.085 100.000 104.430 102.618 107.50656 Real estate and rental and leasing ......... 96.125 93.882 93.663 100.000 108.447 102.513 111.19057 Real estate ............................................ 96.662 94.930 94.412 100.000 108.861 102.831 111.24758 Rental and leasing services and lessors

of intangible assets ........................... 90.749 82.483 85.141 100.000 101.961 97.692 112.03559 Professional and business services .......... 90.576 84.611 86.854 100.000 103.587 98.038 109.19260 Professional, scientific, and technical

services ................................................ 95.069 92.132 92.132 100.000 107.294 101.357 110.69061 Legal services ....................................... 93.787 88.806 89.946 100.000 104.674 100.177 110.64262 Computer systems design and related

services............................................. 96.165 92.896 93.217 100.000 105.561 101.846 109.22363 Miscellaneous professional, scientific,

and technical services....................... 95.110 92.527 92.316 100.000 107.736 101.492 110.83064 Management of companies and

enterprises ........................................... 96.215 94.414 93.947 100.000 108.518 102.581 111.20865 Administrative and waste management

services ................................................ 86.567 77.449 81.812 100.000 100.092 94.861 107.69566 Administrative and support services ..... 88.131 79.837 83.595 100.000 101.210 95.536 107.24767 Waste management and remediation

services............................................. 84.606 74.504 79.622 100.000 98.695 94.053 108.35068 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ..................................... 93.249 88.977 89.763 100.000 105.546 99.854 109.25369 Educational services ............................... 95.243 91.173 91.822 100.000 104.011 100.870 109.23470 Health care and social assistance ......... 93.093 88.808 89.603 100.000 105.671 99.783 109.25971 Ambulatory health care services ........... 92.631 87.545 88.392 100.000 104.449 98.981 108.05972 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities ..................................... 94.976 92.604 92.225 100.000 108.303 101.728 111.03773 Social assistance................................... 89.417 81.362 84.976 100.000 101.098 96.262 106.64774 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services....... 95.520 92.771 92.709 100.000 107.370 101.746 111.39375 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ....... 96.601 94.279 94.121 100.000 107.054 102.445 109.75676 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities........ 96.596 94.419 94.188 100.000 107.085 102.447 109.78477 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries........................................... 96.602 94.253 94.108 100.000 107.047 102.445 109.75078 Accommodation and food services ....... 95.315 92.481 92.437 100.000 107.428 101.619 111.68379 Accommodation..................................... 95.612 93.098 92.978 100.000 107.870 102.074 111.47980 Food services and drinking places ........ 95.224 92.294 92.274 100.000 107.299 101.488 111.70581 Other services, except government ........... 92.494 88.712 89.542 100.000 106.835 99.825 110.96882 Government ...................................................... 86.892 76.236 81.013 100.000 98.066 95.034 108.21083 Federal .......................................................... 80.405 68.932 73.712 100.000 93.468 91.441 106.09284 General government .................................. 79.923 68.572 72.998 100.000 93.654 92.235 106.48185 Government enterprises ............................ 83.020 71.165 77.566 100.000 95.139 90.041 104.87986 State and local .............................................. 87.991 77.599 82.335 100.000 98.894 95.760 108.79387 General government .................................. 87.387 75.524 81.294 100.000 97.844 95.474 108.45788 Government enterprises ............................ 89.550 82.676 84.870 100.000 101.221 96.346 109.486

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1.............. 89.708 84.512 86.187 100.000 105.296 97.647 111.42990 Private services-producing industries 2 .......... 89.603 82.780 85.047 100.000 102.571 96.933 109.12791 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................ 96.153 93.995 93.733 100.000 107.544 102.356 110.500






Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... –7.8 3.1 18.1 2.5 –5.5 13.22 Private industries ................................................ –7.0 2.5 17.1 3.4 –6.0 13.03 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... –11.6 7.6 24.1 –0.2 –4.8 11.34 Farms ............................................................ –11.5 7.7 24.0 –0.2 –4.8 11.15 Forestry, fishing, and related activities .......... –11.9 6.1 28.6 1.9 –9.1 19.8

6 Mining............................................................... –10.9 5.4 28.3 –0.3 –7.5 24.37 Oil and gas extraction.................................... –9.6 4.8 29.4 3.1 –10.8 29.08 Mining, except oil and gas............................. –10.2 4.7 25.1 –1.3 –5.4 19.59 Support activities for mining .......................... –18.1 10.3 36.1 –6.7 –3.0 19.9

10 Utilities ............................................................. –6.1 0.8 17.2 4.4 –6.9 19.211 Construction .................................................... –15.7 10.1 30.1 –0.7 –6.8 17.112 Manufacturing.................................................. –3.2 0.1 11.9 7.9 –7.7 12.613 Durable goods............................................... –2.7 –0.2 9.6 8.2 –6.7 10.814 Wood products .......................................... –0.2 –2.0 6.4 4.5 –5.3 7.315 Nonmetallic mineral products.................... –3.2 0.0 12.6 10.7 –9.1 14.216 Primary metals .......................................... –2.3 –0.5 8.0 8.5 –5.9 9.517 Fabricated metal products......................... –3.5 0.5 11.7 8.0 –7.4 12.518 Machinery ................................................. –2.8 0.0 9.3 8.1 –6.5 10.819 Computer and electronic products ............ –2.1 –0.4 6.7 8.1 –5.3 8.420 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components........................................... –3.5 0.4 10.0 6.2 –5.4 10.221 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts ...................................................... –3.0 0.2 10.1 8.3 –6.9 11.422 Other transportation equipment ................ –3.8 0.6 11.2 6.4 –6.0 10.923 Furniture and related products .................. –2.9 0.0 9.6 8.5 –6.8 11.324 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................... –3.0 0.0 9.4 7.8 –6.2 10.525 Nondurable goods ......................................... –3.6 0.3 13.4 7.8 –8.3 13.726 Food and beverage and tobacco products –3.2 0.2 12.5 10.6 –9.3 14.527 Textile mills and textile product mills.......... –2.7 –0.1 10.2 9.6 –7.8 12.428 Apparel and leather and allied products.... –2.9 0.1 10.2 8.7 –7.2 11.929 Paper products .......................................... –1.0 –1.6 9.2 5.6 –6.7 9.630 Printing and related support activities....... –2.6 –0.1 9.3 9.3 –7.2 11.431 Petroleum and coal products..................... –5.1 1.5 18.4 9.9 –11.2 18.732 Chemical products .................................... –5.9 1.6 18.7 6.3 –8.9 17.533 Plastics and rubber products..................... –3.0 0.0 8.7 6.3 –4.9 8.7

34 Wholesale trade............................................... –5.9 2.2 14.9 3.8 –5.6 11.335 Retail trade....................................................... –5.3 1.5 11.0 3.4 –3.8 9.236 Transportation and warehousing................... –16.6 9.2 37.0 –6.7 –5.3 16.237 Air transportation........................................... –21.3 10.5 49.6 –9.8 –5.8 16.438 Rail transportation......................................... –14.2 8.7 34.4 –6.3 –5.2 17.139 Water transportation...................................... –12.4 7.2 29.3 –5.7 –3.9 14.740 Truck transportation....................................... –13.5 8.0 29.4 –5.2 –4.9 15.141 Transit and ground passenger transportation –13.2 7.9 26.1 –3.5 –4.7 13.042 Pipeline transportation .................................. –23.1 16.2 42.8 –5.8 –5.4 22.443 Other transportation and support activities –18.3 9.4 43.0 –8.3 –5.5 16.044 Warehousing and storage ............................. –8.1 3.6 19.0 1.9 –6.0 13.5

45 Information....................................................... –3.1 0.3 7.2 5.4 –3.4 7.146 Publishing industries (includes software) ...... –2.2 –0.3 6.3 7.5 –4.7 7.647 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................... –1.9 –0.5 5.6 7.9 –4.6 7.148 Broadcasting and telecommunications ......... –4.6 1.1 8.5 2.9 –2.0 6.949 Information and data processing services..... –2.9 0.2 6.8 5.5 –3.4 6.5

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing .......................................................... –2.6 –0.1 6.9 8.1 –5.3 8.4

51 Finance and insurance ............................... –5.5 1.4 8.2 2.9 –2.0 6.8

Table 6.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Price Indexes for Energy Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities..... –6.7 2.4 11.4 1.6 –2.3 8.1

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments ........................................... –3.5 0.2 5.2 4.3 –1.5 4.9

54 Insurance carriers and related activities.... –6.6 2.8 12.1 1.5 –2.8 8.755 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles –3.3 0.3 5.2 4.4 –1.7 4.856 Real estate and rental and leasing ............ –2.3 –0.2 6.8 8.4 –5.5 8.557 Real estate ................................................ –1.8 –0.5 5.9 8.9 –5.5 8.258 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets.................................... –9.1 3.2 17.5 2.0 –4.2 14.759 Professional and business services.............. –6.6 2.7 15.1 3.6 –5.4 11.460 Professional, scientific, and technical

services .................................................... –3.1 0.0 8.5 7.3 –5.5 9.261 Legal services ........................................... –5.3 1.3 11.2 4.7 –4.3 10.462 Computer systems design and related

services................................................. –3.4 0.3 7.3 5.6 –3.5 7.263 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services.................................. –2.7 –0.2 8.3 7.7 –5.8 9.264 Management of companies and

enterprises ............................................... –1.9 –0.5 6.4 8.5 –5.5 8.465 Administrative and waste management

services .................................................... –10.5 5.6 22.2 0.1 –5.2 13.566 Administrative and support services ......... –9.4 4.7 19.6 1.2 –5.6 12.367 Waste management and remediation

services................................................. –11.9 6.9 25.6 –1.3 –4.7 15.268 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance......................................... –4.6 0.9 11.4 5.5 –5.4 9.469 Educational services................................... –4.3 0.7 8.9 4.0 –3.0 8.370 Health care and social assistance ............. –4.6 0.9 11.6 5.7 –5.6 9.571 Ambulatory health care services ............... –5.5 1.0 13.1 4.4 –5.2 9.272 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities.................................................. –2.5 –0.4 8.4 8.3 –6.1 9.273 Social assistance ...................................... –9.0 4.4 17.7 1.1 –4.8 10.874 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... –2.9 –0.1 7.9 7.4 –5.2 9.575 Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... –2.4 –0.2 6.2 7.1 –4.3 7.176 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities ............ –2.3 –0.2 6.2 7.1 –4.3 7.277 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries............................................... –2.4 –0.2 6.3 7.0 –4.3 7.178 Accommodation and food services........... –3.0 0.0 8.2 7.4 –5.4 9.979 Accommodation ........................................ –2.6 –0.1 7.6 7.9 –5.4 9.280 Food services and drinking places............ –3.1 0.0 8.4 7.3 –5.4 10.181 Other services, except government............... –4.1 0.9 11.7 6.8 –6.6 11.282 Government ......................................................... –12.3 6.3 23.4 –1.9 –3.1 13.983 Federal.............................................................. –14.3 6.9 35.7 –6.5 –2.2 16.084 General government...................................... –14.2 6.5 37.0 –6.3 –1.5 15.485 Government enterprises................................ –14.3 9.0 28.9 –4.9 –5.4 16.586 State and local ................................................. –11.8 6.1 21.5 –1.1 –3.2 13.687 General government...................................... –13.6 7.6 23.0 –2.2 –2.4 13.688 Government enterprises................................ –7.7 2.7 17.8 1.2 –4.8 13.6

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1................. –5.8 2.0 16.0 5.3 –7.3 14.190 Private services-producing industries 2 ............. –7.6 2.7 17.6 2.6 –5.5 12.691 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................... –2.2 –0.3 6.7 7.5 –4.8 8.0






Table 6.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Price Index for All Industries Energy Inputs, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries .................................................................................................................... –7.77 3.07 18.10 2.46 –5.49 13.20

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. –5.93 2.09 14.26 2.81 –4.92 10.553 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... –0.37 0.24 0.75 –0.01 –0.15 0.334 Mining ............................................................................................................................ –0.24 0.09 0.54 –0.01 –0.17 0.575 Utilities ........................................................................................................................... –0.68 0.09 1.78 0.45 –0.72 1.946 Construction................................................................................................................... –0.41 0.23 0.75 –0.02 –0.18 0.467 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ –0.70 0.02 2.41 1.40 –1.35 2.068 Durable goods............................................................................................................ –0.24 –0.02 0.76 0.54 –0.43 0.669 Nondurable goods...................................................................................................... –0.47 0.03 1.64 0.86 –0.92 1.40

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. –0.16 0.05 0.37 0.09 –0.13 0.2611 Retail trade..................................................................................................................... –0.27 0.08 0.59 0.17 –0.18 0.4312 Transportation and warehousing .................................................................................... –2.16 1.08 4.55 –0.89 –0.60 1.8013 Information ..................................................................................................................... –0.03 0.00 0.07 0.05 –0.03 0.0714 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing....................................................... –0.20 –0.01 0.61 0.78 –0.56 0.9915 Professional and business services ............................................................................... –0.37 0.16 0.92 0.22 –0.33 0.7116 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. –0.15 0.03 0.36 0.17 –0.19 0.3417 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services............................. –0.12 0.00 0.33 0.28 –0.21 0.3918 Other services, except government ............................................................................... –0.07 0.02 0.22 0.12 –0.12 0.2019 Government ...................................................................................................................... –1.85 0.98 3.85 –0.34 –0.58 2.65

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................................................................................. –1.72 0.58 4.45 1.37 –1.84 3.4221 Private services-producing industries 2 .............................................................................. –4.20 1.51 9.81 1.44 –3.08 7.1322 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 ........................................ –0.03 0.00 0.10 0.10 –0.06 0.09


insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing; professional and business services; educational services, healthcare, and social assistance; arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services; and other

services, except government.3. Consists of computer and electronic products; publishing industries (includes software); information and

data processing services; and computer systems design and related services.


Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................ 93.441 93.418 96.005 100.000 98.599 101.355 97.1912 Private industries.............................................. 95.433 94.049 95.129 100.000 95.303 98.061 94.1913 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 108.178 102.785 113.994 100.000 101.638 105.613 93.1714 Farms......................................................... 107.745 102.579 113.878 100.000 102.040 106.575 93.2615 Forestry, fishing, and related activities ....... 125.390 111.030 118.621 100.000 86.197 68.410 89.431

6 Mining............................................................ 103.179 80.635 72.862 100.000 104.234 91.169 117.6737 Oil and gas extraction ................................ 84.847 55.859 54.583 100.000 101.956 91.811 141.8858 Mining, except oil and gas ......................... 140.210 115.624 98.474 100.000 96.415 95.279 92.9319 Support activities for mining....................... 66.519 66.557 63.329 100.000 128.724 79.342 105.902

10 Utilities .......................................................... 98.590 102.359 97.694 100.000 97.730 103.089 92.642

11 Construction ................................................. 104.544 89.953 98.113 100.000 98.336 101.603 102.539

12 Manufacturing............................................... 108.383 105.614 105.633 100.000 90.789 89.837 81.76213 Durable goods............................................ 113.253 110.833 109.357 100.000 87.104 86.924 79.40714 Wood products ...................................... 98.681 99.408 108.691 100.000 80.617 88.890 94.21115 Nonmetallic mineral products ................ 107.763 112.136 108.050 100.000 87.017 83.682 77.26916 Primary metals ...................................... 133.276 123.965 112.821 100.000 84.454 87.050 81.02917 Fabricated metal products ..................... 107.825 109.723 105.354 100.000 89.686 92.246 78.92818 Machinery.............................................. 115.186 104.058 103.234 100.000 81.503 82.831 74.70519 Computer and electronic products......... 107.184 92.648 103.162 100.000 87.704 79.501 70.86020 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components....................................... 108.377 113.213 104.173 100.000 82.717 72.602 63.10121 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and


products ............................................ 99.779 107.287 101.736 100.000 94.177 99.024 85.44227 Textile mills and textile product mills ...... 116.854 118.057 110.997 100.000 85.378 89.749 76.43928 Apparel and leather and allied products 127.500 114.733 115.171 100.000 75.366 76.693 73.88229 Paper products ...................................... 96.628 94.284 99.569 100.000 94.094 93.496 93.52530 Printing and related support activities ... 104.047 106.091 102.536 100.000 94.697 91.639 79.86231 Petroleum and coal products ................. 104.786 68.059 107.148 100.000 105.267 91.558 54.25432 Chemical products................................. 115.006 112.490 103.400 100.000 88.107 82.080 83.28833 Plastics and rubber products ................. 103.950 105.305 106.513 100.000 95.931 101.454 91.70834 Wholesale trade............................................ 102.024 93.151 92.844 100.000 96.798 94.351 87.86635 Retail trade.................................................... 85.931 91.309 96.697 100.000 93.508 93.753 85.89336 Transportation and warehousing................ 100.231 95.337 102.217 100.000 90.185 89.359 85.12637 Air transportation ....................................... 87.852 79.865 99.120 100.000 91.894 87.338 94.82538 Rail transportation...................................... 149.402 121.210 98.279 100.000 98.763 98.458 114.12839 Water transportation .................................. 82.540 75.023 86.016 100.000 93.276 80.793 103.76240 Truck transportation ................................... 97.911 91.057 97.423 100.000 83.872 79.267 69.36241 Transit and ground passenger

transportation ........................................ 151.180 151.527 134.158 100.000 95.862 95.898 91.82342 Pipeline transportation ............................... 130.317 129.474 118.005 100.000 99.894 130.355 101.14343 Other transportation and support activities 88.306 92.471 107.045 100.000 92.305 92.846 80.83144 Warehousing and storage .......................... 112.890 136.772 115.047 100.000 108.262 118.683 127.011

45 Information.................................................... 81.548 90.590 93.410 100.000 101.197 102.699 93.11346 Publishing industries (includes software)... 96.293 102.620 91.958 100.000 90.277 91.157 82.36347 Motion picture and sound recording

industries ............................................... 84.893 96.005 101.636 100.000 108.876 112.866 99.30648 Broadcasting and telecommunications ...... 71.758 84.166 97.052 100.000 106.321 106.328 99.73449 Information and data processing services 68.617 71.166 74.825 100.000 106.295 112.051 93.97750 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ...................................................... 71.007 65.364 63.103 100.000 96.997 109.683 116.916


Table 7. Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Energy Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003





of intangible assets ........................... 78.381 91.388 97.531 100.000 90.542 89.189 80.14059 Professional and business services........... 82.319 89.467 93.321 100.000 99.580 103.446 100.21860 Professional, scientific, and technical





services ................................................ 80.722 85.518 92.168 100.000 97.996 102.322 101.56266 Administrative and support services...... 79.155 86.547 93.368 100.000 100.772 109.435 99.67767 Waste management and remediation


social assistance ..................................... 95.179 98.487 98.663 100.000 105.592 121.822 116.36369 Educational services ............................... 80.662 88.174 91.504 100.000 107.751 108.453 110.36170 Health care and social assistance.......... 96.373 99.333 99.247 100.000 105.419 122.900 116.84371 Ambulatory health care services ........... 93.808 102.763 104.077 100.000 102.644 116.453 113.86072 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities...................................... 98.051 98.786 95.758 100.000 103.381 123.428 115.81373 Social assistance................................... 95.374 95.314 101.257 100.000 114.754 130.837 123.77074 Arts, entertainment, recreation,



industries........................................... 95.731 101.105 99.355 100.000 90.047 93.806 91.31978 Accommodation and food services ....... 88.763 96.082 93.112 100.000 96.651 97.606 101.33679 Accommodation..................................... 86.812 93.502 89.611 100.000 86.056 83.780 75.76280 Food services and drinking places ........ 89.369 96.885 94.203 100.000 99.948 101.912 109.29581 Other services, except government ........... 86.110 94.579 98.134 100.000 96.896 101.136 91.02882 Government....................................................... 82.720 89.884 100.476 100.000 115.438 118.163 112.50383 Federal........................................................... 96.048 79.660 101.927 100.000 119.983 106.863 95.47784 General government .................................. 93.697 75.951 94.629 100.000 98.807 99.669 95.84585 Government enterprises ............................ 108.468 98.931 139.603 100.000 230.713 143.707 92.59986 State and local .............................................. 80.562 91.550 100.270 100.000 114.669 120.085 115.37887 General government .................................. 80.714 92.088 101.915 100.000 110.781 122.041 118.00588 Government enterprises ............................ 80.092 90.190 96.459 100.000 123.706 115.620 109.345

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries1 .............. 107.460 101.770 103.047 100.000 93.903 92.875 88.24590 Private services-producing industries 2 .......... 89.820 90.453 91.441 100.000 95.962 100.506 96.99391 Information-communications-technology-







Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... 0.0 2.8 4.2 –1.4 2.8 –4.12 Private industries ................................................ –1.5 1.1 5.1 –4.7 2.9 –3.93 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... –5.0 10.9 –12.3 1.6 3.9 –11.84 Farms ............................................................ –4.8 11.0 –12.2 2.0 4.4 –12.55 Forestry, fishing, and related activities .......... –11.5 6.8 –15.7 –13.8 –20.6 30.7

6 Mining............................................................... –21.8 –9.6 37.2 4.2 –12.5 29.17 Oil and gas extraction.................................... –34.2 –2.3 83.2 2.0 –10.0 54.58 Mining, except oil and gas............................. –17.5 –14.8 1.5 –3.6 –1.2 –2.59 Support activities for mining .......................... 0.1 –4.8 57.9 28.7 –38.4 33.5

10 Utilities ............................................................. 3.8 –4.6 2.4 –2.3 5.5 –10.111 Construction .................................................... –14.0 9.1 1.9 –1.7 3.3 0.912 Manufacturing.................................................. –2.6 0.0 –5.3 –9.2 –1.0 –9.013 Durable goods ............................................... –2.1 –1.3 –8.6 –12.9 –0.2 –8.614 Wood products .......................................... 0.7 9.3 –8.0 –19.4 10.3 6.015 Nonmetallic mineral products .................... 4.1 –3.6 –7.5 –13.0 –3.8 –7.716 Primary metals .......................................... –7.0 –9.0 –11.4 –15.5 3.1 –6.917 Fabricated metal products......................... 1.8 –4.0 –5.1 –10.3 2.9 –14.418 Machinery ................................................. –9.7 –0.8 –3.1 –18.5 1.6 –9.819 Computer and electronic products ............ –13.6 11.3 –3.1 –12.3 –9.4 –10.920 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components........................................... 4.5 –8.0 –4.0 –17.3 –12.2 –13.121 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts ...................................................... 0.2 12.0 –18.6 –13.8 2.9 –19.822 Other transportation equipment ................ 10.3 –11.2 –24.1 8.2 –6.4 6.223 Furniture and related products .................. 9.2 –4.6 –7.2 –8.0 –4.2 –7.124 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................... 4.8 –3.6 –5.4 –3.0 8.1 –3.025 Nondurable goods ......................................... –2.8 0.9 –3.2 –7.0 –1.5 –9.226 Food and beverage and tobacco products 7.5 –5.2 –1.7 –5.8 5.1 –13.727 Textile mills and textile product mills.......... 1.0 –6.0 –9.9 –14.6 5.1 –14.828 Apparel and leather and allied products.... –10.0 0.4 –13.2 –24.6 1.8 –3.729 Paper products .......................................... –2.4 5.6 0.4 –5.9 –0.6 0.030 Printing and related support activities ....... 2.0 –3.4 –2.5 –5.3 –3.2 –12.931 Petroleum and coal products..................... –35.0 57.4 –6.7 5.3 –13.0 –40.732 Chemical products .................................... –2.2 –8.1 –3.3 –11.9 –6.8 1.533 Plastics and rubber products..................... 1.3 1.1 –6.1 –4.1 5.8 –9.6

34 Wholesale trade............................................... –8.7 –0.3 7.7 –3.2 –2.5 –6.935 Retail trade....................................................... 6.3 5.9 3.4 –6.5 0.3 –8.436 Transportation and warehousing................... –4.9 7.2 –2.2 –9.8 –0.9 –4.737 Air transportation........................................... –9.1 24.1 0.9 –8.1 –5.0 8.638 Rail transportation ......................................... –18.9 –18.9 1.8 –1.2 –0.3 15.939 Water transportation...................................... –9.1 14.7 16.3 –6.7 –13.4 28.440 Truck transportation....................................... –7.0 7.0 2.6 –16.1 –5.5 –12.541 Transit and ground passenger transportation 0.2 –11.5 –25.5 –4.1 0.0 –4.242 Pipeline transportation .................................. –0.6 –8.9 –15.3 –0.1 30.5 –22.443 Other transportation and support activities 4.7 15.8 –6.6 –7.7 0.6 –12.944 Warehousing and storage ............................. 21.2 –15.9 –13.1 8.3 9.6 7.0

45 Information....................................................... 11.1 3.1 7.1 1.2 1.5 –9.346 Publishing industries (includes software) ...... 6.6 –10.4 8.7 –9.7 1.0 –9.647 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................... 13.1 5.9 –1.6 8.9 3.7 –12.048 Broadcasting and telecommunications.......... 17.3 15.3 3.0 6.3 0.0 –6.249 Information and data processing services..... 3.7 5.1 33.6 6.3 5.4 –16.1

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing .......................................................... –7.9 –3.5 58.5 –3.0 13.1 6.6

51 Finance and insurance ............................... 9.2 26.3 7.7 –25.2 –17.6 –14.5

Table 7.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Energy Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities .... 3.4 7.1 1.0 –11.5 –16.3 –11.4

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments .......................................... 19.5 57.1 16.9 –40.2 –22.1 –22.2

54 Insurance carriers and related activities... –0.9 29.3 –28.5 40.2 18.4 –6.155 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles 13.2 –0.9 –9.7 –1.1 0.1 18.656 Real estate and rental and leasing............ –9.3 –6.2 64.8 –1.2 14.9 7.557 Real estate ............................................... –11.0 –7.3 71.5 –0.7 15.9 8.458 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets................................... 16.6 6.7 2.5 –9.5 –1.5 –10.159 Professional and business services ............. 8.7 4.3 7.2 –0.4 3.9 –3.160 Professional, scientific, and technical

services ................................................... 16.3 7.1 9.0 13.3 6.5 –2.461 Legal services .......................................... 14.7 2.5 –9.4 –1.5 10.9 –2.162 Computer systems design and related

services ................................................ 46.4 13.1 –5.3 –1.0 –17.3 –0.463 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services ................................. 14.1 7.1 13.3 16.4 7.9 –2.564 Management of companies and

enterprises .............................................. 8.1 –3.9 2.6 –9.6 –0.5 –10.365 Administrative and waste management

services ................................................... 5.9 7.8 8.5 –2.0 4.4 –0.766 Administrative and support services......... 9.3 7.9 7.1 0.8 8.6 –8.967 Waste management and remediation

services ................................................ 1.8 7.6 10.3 –5.4 –1.1 10.968 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ........................................ 3.5 0.2 1.4 5.6 15.4 –4.569 Educational services.................................. 9.3 3.8 9.3 7.8 0.7 1.870 Health care and social assistance ............ 3.1 –0.1 0.8 5.4 16.6 –4.971 Ambulatory health care services .............. 9.5 1.3 –3.9 2.6 13.5 –2.272 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities................................................. 0.7 –3.1 4.4 3.4 19.4 –6.273 Social assistance...................................... –0.1 6.2 –1.2 14.8 14.0 –5.474 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ......... 7.7 –2.9 6.4 –3.9 1.4 2.775 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 5.0 –1.8 1.5 –6.9 4.0 –3.576 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities ........... 2.0 –2.3 6.2 8.9 3.1 –6.977 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries .............................................. 5.6 –1.7 0.6 –10.0 4.2 –2.778 Accommodation and food services .......... 8.2 –3.1 7.4 –3.3 1.0 3.879 Accommodation........................................ 7.7 –4.2 11.6 –13.9 –2.6 –9.680 Food services and drinking places ........... 8.4 –2.8 6.2 –0.1 2.0 7.281 Other services, except government.............. 9.8 3.8 1.9 –3.1 4.4 –10.082 Government......................................................... 8.7 11.8 –0.5 15.4 2.4 –4.883 Federal ............................................................. –17.1 28.0 –1.9 20.0 –10.9 –10.784 General government..................................... –18.9 24.6 5.7 –1.2 0.9 –3.885 Government enterprises............................... –8.8 41.1 –28.4 130.7 –37.7 –35.686 State and local ................................................ 13.6 9.5 –0.3 14.7 4.7 –3.987 General government..................................... 14.1 10.7 –1.9 10.8 10.2 –3.388 Government enterprises............................... 12.6 7.0 3.7 23.7 –6.5 –5.4

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1................. –5.3 1.3 –3.0 –6.1 –1.1 –5.090 Private services-producing industries 2............. 0.7 1.1 9.4 –4.0 4.7 –3.591 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3.................................... –5.4 5.7 1.4 –9.5 –6.3 –10.4






Table 7.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Quantity Index for All Industries Energy Inputs,1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries .................................................................................................................... –0.02 2.77 4.16 –1.40 2.79 –4.11

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. –1.24 0.97 4.24 –3.93 2.34 –3.193 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... –0.16 0.33 –0.43 0.05 0.12 –0.364 Mining ............................................................................................................................ –0.52 –0.18 0.64 0.10 –0.30 0.615 Utilities ........................................................................................................................... 0.42 –0.52 0.25 –0.23 0.56 –1.086 Construction................................................................................................................... –0.38 0.21 0.05 –0.04 0.09 0.027 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ –0.58 0.00 –1.10 –1.73 –0.18 –1.508 Durable goods............................................................................................................ –0.20 –0.12 –0.70 –0.92 –0.01 –0.539 Nondurable goods...................................................................................................... –0.38 0.12 –0.40 –0.81 –0.17 –0.97

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. –0.24 –0.01 0.19 –0.08 –0.06 –0.1611 Retail trade..................................................................................................................... 0.31 0.31 0.18 –0.33 0.01 –0.3912 Transportation and warehousing.................................................................................... –0.62 0.85 –0.29 –1.30 –0.11 –0.5313 Information ..................................................................................................................... 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.01 –0.0914 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing....................................................... –0.65 –0.26 3.95 –0.30 1.32 0.7215 Professional and business services............................................................................... 0.47 0.26 0.42 –0.03 0.24 –0.1916 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. 0.11 0.01 0.04 0.17 0.50 –0.1617 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services............................. 0.32 –0.13 0.26 –0.16 0.06 0.1018 Other services, except government ............................................................................... 0.17 0.07 0.04 –0.06 0.08 –0.1819 Government ...................................................................................................................... 1.22 1.80 –0.08 2.53 0.45 –0.92

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 .................................................................................. –1.63 0.37 –0.84 –1.63 –0.28 –1.2221 Private services-producing industries 2 .............................................................................. 0.39 0.60 5.09 –2.30 2.62 –1.9722 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 ........................................ –0.09 0.09 0.02 –0.14 –0.09 –0.12






Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................ 100.108 96.105 95.886 100.000 98.743 97.654 101.5972 Private industries .............................................. 100.404 96.179 95.874 100.000 98.590 97.445 101.4193 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 105.538 98.351 95.902 100.000 100.633 99.293 105.3984 Farms ......................................................... 105.208 97.280 94.696 100.000 101.866 100.557 107.5355 Forestry, fishing, and related activities ....... 106.883 102.923 101.048 100.000 95.253 93.774 95.9186 Mining ............................................................ 86.385 79.874 83.111 100.000 100.088 94.444 111.3787 Oil and gas extraction................................. 73.723 62.408 70.106 100.000 98.851 87.984 115.4068 Mining, except oil and gas.......................... 102.219 100.309 99.051 100.000 102.155 103.724 104.8779 Support activities for mining ....................... 97.860 97.884 97.445 100.000 101.042 101.423 103.012

10 Utilities........................................................... 76.304 69.117 72.977 100.000 105.433 87.558 123.71111 Construction ................................................. 97.693 97.536 98.715 100.000 100.011 100.061 101.37112 Manufacturing ............................................... 101.268 95.827 95.274 100.000 97.488 96.724 100.68313 Durable goods ............................................ 106.523 102.428 99.981 100.000 97.610 97.023 97.67714 Wood products....................................... 104.851 100.730 102.088 100.000 96.557 95.940 97.70715 Nonmetallic mineral products................. 98.174 97.794 98.576 100.000 100.932 101.369 102.67016 Primary metals....................................... 105.235 98.918 94.883 100.000 96.121 95.937 100.45517 Fabricated metal products ..................... 102.092 100.050 97.394 100.000 97.883 97.876 99.32518 Machinery .............................................. 101.425 100.098 98.900 100.000 99.162 99.082 99.92119 Computer and electronic products ......... 129.381 115.072 106.515 100.000 93.085 90.638 88.22820 Electrical equipment, appliances, and


parts .................................................. 102.931 101.088 99.720 100.000 99.017 98.792 98.96522 Other transportation equipment ............. 101.831 100.229 99.331 100.000 99.679 99.764 101.22723 Furniture and related products............... 100.567 98.862 99.005 100.000 98.972 98.599 99.79024 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................ 101.303 98.939 97.983 100.000 98.787 97.614 99.24025 Nondurable goods ...................................... 94.947 88.089 89.698 100.000 97.347 96.383 104.05126 Food and beverage and tobacco

products............................................. 105.543 100.824 98.369 100.000 104.155 100.431 107.30127 Textile mills and textile product mills ...... 106.222 103.881 99.295 100.000 96.155 95.255 96.48028 Apparel and leather and allied products 103.372 101.719 99.378 100.000 99.667 98.683 99.99229 Paper products....................................... 97.641 96.267 94.919 100.000 98.391 95.880 97.57330 Printing and related support activities.... 97.349 97.207 96.331 100.000 99.859 97.747 97.99731 Petroleum and coal products ................. 71.571 51.833 65.849 100.000 85.092 88.650 104.63232 Chemical products ................................. 93.833 89.133 90.009 100.000 98.066 97.846 106.11233 Plastics and rubber products ................. 98.411 94.884 94.455 100.000 98.742 97.184 101.99234 Wholesale trade ............................................ 109.724 104.570 101.609 100.000 97.882 96.161 97.24535 Retail trade .................................................... 101.540 99.912 99.345 100.000 99.611 99.081 99.58136 Transportation and warehousing ................ 97.079 96.462 97.016 100.000 100.836 99.379 103.52137 Air transportation........................................ 98.520 98.342 98.653 100.000 101.155 101.560 103.01938 Rail transportation ...................................... 99.276 98.814 99.758 100.000 99.910 99.858 100.22939 Water transportation................................... 97.551 97.986 98.433 100.000 101.178 101.201 101.28140 Truck transportation.................................... 98.991 98.781 98.842 100.000 100.538 100.488 100.85141 Transit and ground passenger

transportation......................................... 100.262 99.666 99.494 100.000 100.357 99.965 100.25242 Pipeline transportation ............................... 85.402 81.478 83.766 100.000 102.862 92.460 115.28843 Other transportation and support activities 97.360 97.692 98.131 100.000 101.106 101.161 101.97644 Warehousing and storage .......................... 95.898 96.979 97.557 100.000 100.683 100.421 101.35245 Information .................................................... 105.723 102.839 100.433 100.000 97.776 96.080 95.57846 Publishing industries (includes software) ... 100.892 100.113 98.664 100.000 99.892 98.954 99.38047 Motion picture and sound recording

industries ............................................... 100.855 100.945 100.033 100.000 98.505 95.426 94.84948 Broadcasting and telecommunications....... 112.896 106.211 102.369 100.000 95.469 93.208 91.96949 Information and data processing services 106.970 103.272 100.686 100.000 98.807 97.239 96.42150 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ....................................................... 98.172 97.761 98.779 100.000 100.110 99.985 101.61751 Finance and insurance ............................ 99.531 98.527 98.121 100.000 100.341 99.702 99.903

Table 8. Chain-Type Price Indexes for Materials Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003





of intangible assets ........................... 101.237 99.668 98.941 100.000 99.497 98.606 98.60159 Professional and business services........... 104.566 101.813 100.095 100.000 98.893 98.193 98.56260 Professional, scientific, and technical







social assistance ..................................... 97.262 97.122 97.684 100.000 100.970 101.092 103.31469 Educational services ............................... 97.627 97.507 97.943 100.000 100.848 101.008 102.48970 Health care and social assistance.......... 97.226 97.084 97.658 100.000 100.982 101.100 103.39171 Ambulatory health care services ........... 96.793 96.734 97.423 100.000 100.856 101.220 103.26972 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities...................................... 97.421 97.147 97.674 100.000 100.935 100.992 103.44273 Social assistance................................... 97.572 97.893 98.339 100.000 101.577 101.281 103.51474 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ....... 97.795 97.594 97.877 100.000 101.452 100.528 103.59375 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ....... 98.189 97.964 98.161 100.000 100.750 100.581 102.25376 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities ........ 98.847 98.381 98.447 100.000 100.026 100.019 101.23777 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries........................................... 97.971 97.827 98.068 100.000 101.004 100.775 102.62078 Accommodation and food services ....... 97.766 97.567 97.856 100.000 101.501 100.525 103.68579 Accommodation..................................... 98.063 97.726 98.214 100.000 101.085 100.490 102.49980 Food services and drinking places ........ 97.734 97.549 97.817 100.000 101.545 100.533 103.79581 Other services, except government............ 101.828 100.290 99.682 100.000 99.563 99.259 99.37082 Government....................................................... 95.124 94.829 96.094 100.000 101.295 101.050 104.59783 Federal........................................................... 100.014 99.737 99.473 100.000 100.311 100.992 102.19184 General government .................................. 100.203 99.863 99.556 100.000 100.258 101.065 102.27685 Government enterprises ............................ 97.068 97.729 98.012 100.000 100.646 100.076 101.10486 State and local .............................................. 92.858 92.490 94.449 100.000 101.718 101.052 105.73187 General government .................................. 93.413 93.455 95.540 100.000 101.689 102.087 105.56188 Government enterprises ............................ 90.702 88.870 90.346 100.000 101.800 96.930 106.451

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 .............. 100.840 95.872 95.494 100.000 97.984 97.202 101.17690 Private services-producing industries 2 .......... 99.022 97.061 96.972 100.000 100.262 98.147 102.12791 Information-communications-technology-







Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... –4.0 –0.2 4.3 –1.3 –1.1 4.02 Private industries ................................................ –4.2 –0.3 4.3 –1.4 –1.2 4.13 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... –6.8 –2.5 4.3 0.6 –1.3 6.14 Farms ............................................................ –7.5 –2.7 5.6 1.9 –1.3 6.95 Forestry, fishing, and related activities .......... –3.7 –1.8 –1.0 –4.7 –1.6 2.3

6 Mining............................................................... –7.5 4.1 20.3 0.1 –5.6 17.97 Oil and gas extraction.................................... –15.3 12.3 42.6 –1.1 –11.0 31.28 Mining, except oil and gas............................. –1.9 –1.3 1.0 2.2 1.5 1.19 Support activities for mining .......................... 0.0 –0.4 2.6 1.0 0.4 1.6

10 Utilities ............................................................. –9.4 5.6 37.0 5.4 –17.0 41.311 Construction .................................................... –0.2 1.2 1.3 0.0 0.0 1.312 Manufacturing.................................................. –5.4 –0.6 5.0 –2.5 –0.8 4.113 Durable goods............................................... –3.8 –2.4 0.0 –2.4 –0.6 0.714 Wood products .......................................... –3.9 1.3 –2.0 –3.4 –0.6 1.815 Nonmetallic mineral products.................... –0.4 0.8 1.4 0.9 0.4 1.316 Primary metals .......................................... –6.0 –4.1 5.4 –3.9 –0.2 4.717 Fabricated metal products......................... –2.0 –2.7 2.7 –2.1 0.0 1.518 Machinery ................................................. –1.3 –1.2 1.1 –0.8 –0.1 0.819 Computer and electronic products ............ –11.1 –7.4 –6.1 –6.9 –2.6 –2.720 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components........................................... –3.3 –1.7 2.3 –1.9 –0.8 1.321 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts ...................................................... –1.8 –1.4 0.3 –1.0 –0.2 0.222 Other transportation equipment ................ –1.6 –0.9 0.7 –0.3 0.1 1.523 Furniture and related products .................. –1.7 0.1 1.0 –1.0 –0.4 1.224 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................... –2.3 –1.0 2.1 –1.2 –1.2 1.725 Nondurable goods ......................................... –7.2 1.8 11.5 –2.7 –1.0 8.026 Food and beverage and tobacco products –4.5 –2.4 1.7 4.2 –3.6 6.827 Textile mills and textile product mills.......... –2.2 –4.4 0.7 –3.8 –0.9 1.328 Apparel and leather and allied products.... –1.6 –2.3 0.6 –0.3 –1.0 1.329 Paper products .......................................... –1.4 –1.4 5.4 –1.6 –2.6 1.830 Printing and related support activities....... –0.1 –0.9 3.8 –0.1 –2.1 0.331 Petroleum and coal products..................... –27.6 27.0 51.9 –14.9 4.2 18.032 Chemical products .................................... –5.0 1.0 11.1 –1.9 –0.2 8.433 Plastics and rubber products..................... –3.6 –0.5 5.9 –1.3 –1.6 4.9

34 Wholesale trade............................................... –4.7 –2.8 –1.6 –2.1 –1.8 1.135 Retail trade....................................................... –1.6 –0.6 0.7 –0.4 –0.5 0.536 Transportation and warehousing................... –0.6 0.6 3.1 0.8 –1.4 4.237 Air transportation........................................... –0.2 0.3 1.4 1.2 0.4 1.438 Rail transportation......................................... –0.5 1.0 0.2 –0.1 –0.1 0.439 Water transportation...................................... 0.4 0.5 1.6 1.2 0.0 0.140 Truck transportation....................................... –0.2 0.1 1.2 0.5 0.0 0.441 Transit and ground passenger transportation –0.6 –0.2 0.5 0.4 –0.4 0.342 Pipeline transportation .................................. –4.6 2.8 19.4 2.9 –10.1 24.743 Other transportation and support activities 0.3 0.4 1.9 1.1 0.1 0.844 Warehousing and storage ............................. 1.1 0.6 2.5 0.7 –0.3 0.9

45 Information....................................................... –2.7 –2.3 –0.4 –2.2 –1.7 –0.546 Publishing industries (includes software) ...... –0.8 –1.4 1.4 –0.1 –0.9 0.447 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................... 0.1 –0.9 0.0 –1.5 –3.1 –0.648 Broadcasting and telecommunications ......... –5.9 –3.6 –2.3 –4.5 –2.4 –1.349 Information and data processing services..... –3.5 –2.5 –0.7 –1.2 –1.6 –0.850 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing .......................................................... –0.4 1.0 1.2 0.1 –0.1 1.651 Finance and insurance ............................... –1.0 –0.4 1.9 0.3 –0.6 0.2

Table 8.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Price Indexes for Materials Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities..... –1.2 –0.6 1.8 0.2 –0.7 0.2

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments ........................................... –0.7 0.1 2.5 0.5 –0.8 0.2

54 Insurance carriers and related activities.... 0.0 –0.1 1.5 0.8 –0.4 0.255 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles 0.5 0.4 2.0 0.7 –0.4 0.556 Real estate and rental and leasing ............ –0.3 1.2 1.1 0.1 –0.1 1.857 Real estate ................................................ –0.2 1.5 1.1 0.2 0.0 2.058 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets ................................... –1.5 –0.7 1.1 –0.5 –0.9 0.059 Professional and business services.............. –2.6 –1.7 –0.1 –1.1 –0.7 0.460 Professional, scientific, and technical

services.................................................... –3.2 –2.3 –0.5 –1.6 –0.7 0.061 Legal services ........................................... 0.1 0.7 2.4 0.9 –0.3 0.762 Computer systems design and related

services................................................. –10.4 –7.2 –4.9 –6.3 –2.5 –2.763 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services.................................. –1.9 –1.2 0.5 –0.6 –0.3 0.564 Management of companies and

enterprises ............................................... –0.7 –0.1 0.6 –0.1 –0.4 0.865 Administrative and waste management

services.................................................... –2.5 –1.4 0.2 –0.7 –0.8 0.866 Administrative and support services ......... –2.6 –1.5 0.1 –0.8 –0.9 0.767 Waste management and remediation

services................................................. –1.7 –0.1 2.2 0.4 –0.3 1.468 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance......................................... –0.1 0.6 2.4 1.0 0.1 2.269 Educational services .................................. –0.1 0.4 2.1 0.8 0.2 1.570 Health care and social assistance ............. –0.1 0.6 2.4 1.0 0.1 2.371 Ambulatory health care services............... –0.1 0.7 2.6 0.9 0.4 2.072 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities ................................................. –0.3 0.5 2.4 0.9 0.1 2.473 Social assistance ...................................... 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.6 –0.3 2.274 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... –0.2 0.3 2.2 1.5 –0.9 3.075 Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... –0.2 0.2 1.9 0.8 –0.2 1.776 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities............ –0.5 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.277 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries............................................... –0.1 0.2 2.0 1.0 –0.2 1.878 Accommodation and food services........... –0.2 0.3 2.2 1.5 –1.0 3.179 Accommodation ........................................ –0.3 0.5 1.8 1.1 –0.6 2.080 Food services and drinking places............ –0.2 0.3 2.2 1.5 –1.0 3.281 Other services, except government .............. –1.5 –0.6 0.3 –0.4 –0.3 0.182 Government ......................................................... –0.3 1.3 4.1 1.3 –0.2 3.583 Federal.............................................................. –0.3 –0.3 0.5 0.3 0.7 1.284 General government...................................... –0.3 –0.3 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.285 Government enterprises................................ 0.7 0.3 2.0 0.6 –0.6 1.086 State and local ................................................. –0.4 2.1 5.9 1.7 –0.7 4.687 General government...................................... 0.0 2.2 4.7 1.7 0.4 3.488 Government enterprises................................ –2.0 1.7 10.7 1.8 –4.8 9.8

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................. –4.9 –0.4 4.7 –2.0 –0.8 4.190 Private services-producing industries 2.............. –2.0 –0.1 3.1 0.3 –2.1 4.191 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 .................................... –9.1 –6.3 –4.7 –5.5 –2.3 –2.0






Table 8.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Price Index for All Industries Materials Inputs, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries .................................................................................................................... –4.00 –0.23 4.29 –1.26 –1.10 4.04

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. –3.98 –0.30 4.07 –1.33 –1.09 3.793 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... –0.22 –0.08 0.12 0.02 –0.04 0.184 Mining ............................................................................................................................ –0.09 0.04 0.21 0.00 –0.08 0.245 Utilities ........................................................................................................................... –0.16 0.08 0.55 0.11 –0.38 0.726 Construction................................................................................................................... –0.01 0.10 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.127 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ –3.21 –0.34 2.86 –1.42 –0.43 2.208 Durable goods............................................................................................................ –1.26 –0.80 0.01 –0.72 –0.17 0.199 Nondurable goods...................................................................................................... –1.95 0.46 2.85 –0.69 –0.25 2.01

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. –0.08 –0.05 –0.03 –0.03 –0.03 0.0211 Retail trade..................................................................................................................... –0.03 –0.01 0.01 –0.01 –0.01 0.0112 Transportation and warehousing .................................................................................... –0.01 0.01 0.04 0.01 –0.02 0.0513 Information ..................................................................................................................... –0.06 –0.06 –0.01 –0.06 –0.05 –0.0114 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing....................................................... –0.01 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.0515 Professional and business services ............................................................................... –0.07 –0.05 0.00 –0.03 –0.02 0.0116 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. 0.00 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.0917 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services............................. –0.01 0.01 0.08 0.05 –0.03 0.1218 Other services, except government ............................................................................... –0.03 –0.01 0.01 –0.01 –0.01 0.0019 Government ...................................................................................................................... –0.02 0.07 0.22 0.07 –0.02 0.25

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................................................................................. –3.53 –0.28 3.31 –1.39 –0.54 2.7321 Private services-producing industries 2 .............................................................................. –0.46 –0.02 0.77 0.07 –0.55 1.0622 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 ........................................ –0.64 –0.44 –0.35 –0.38 –0.14 –0.12






Table 9. Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Materials Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................ 89.342 93.890 97.736 100.000 96.913 95.917 95.4822 Private industries.............................................. 89.012 93.699 97.668 100.000 96.157 94.688 93.7253 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 97.684 102.200 105.016 100.000 101.453 97.998 98.1564 Farms......................................................... 97.592 102.189 104.160 100.000 101.460 98.942 98.6095 Forestry, fishing, and related activities ....... 98.166 102.345 108.630 100.000 101.425 93.596 96.1056 Mining............................................................ 98.286 89.490 84.721 100.000 107.952 96.886 107.5057 Oil and gas extraction ................................ 91.968 73.594 71.478 100.000 102.792 94.810 114.0068 Mining, except oil and gas ......................... 126.436 120.102 110.080 100.000 104.446 105.302 97.7609 Support activities for mining....................... 71.655 84.272 81.834 100.000 135.670 89.459 101.076

10 Utilities .......................................................... 99.969 106.185 94.550 100.000 106.513 97.797 90.87511 Construction ................................................. 81.071 86.424 94.251 100.000 101.767 98.406 100.23712 Manufacturing............................................... 92.325 96.416 100.047 100.000 93.750 91.803 89.28413 Durable goods............................................ 87.901 93.546 100.058 100.000 92.193 90.036 86.74214 Wood products ...................................... 92.740 98.261 103.213 100.000 91.404 95.318 96.71515 Nonmetallic mineral products ................ 89.568 100.023 101.156 100.000 93.743 84.849 79.78016 Primary metals ...................................... 104.220 110.030 106.247 100.000 91.162 88.672 81.24817 Fabricated metal products ..................... 90.335 97.114 98.168 100.000 95.740 95.334 86.79918 Machinery.............................................. 92.940 91.629 93.726 100.000 86.102 84.285 81.82319 Computer and electronic products......... 70.231 72.761 85.001 100.000 89.382 81.434 84.05120 Electrical equipment, appliances, and




34 Wholesale trade............................................ 82.717 81.729 88.072 100.000 84.780 84.747 89.70335 Retail trade.................................................... 71.961 75.882 90.676 100.000 91.499 100.119 101.910

36 Transportation and warehousing................ 91.397 100.908 97.834 100.000 93.113 92.439 87.55637 Air transportation ....................................... 112.198 115.655 94.950 100.000 82.046 74.067 77.96838 Rail transportation...................................... 109.561 109.650 104.018 100.000 108.020 100.981 98.99239 Water transportation .................................. 78.439 84.228 104.661 100.000 108.554 98.267 95.94840 Truck transportation ................................... 72.642 87.897 88.762 100.000 89.795 87.097 73.43241 Transit and ground passenger

transportation ........................................ 103.372 114.167 100.506 100.000 90.561 87.490 89.18242 Pipeline transportation ............................... 100.753 109.494 120.633 100.000 98.395 130.870 133.84543 Other transportation and support activities 104.302 107.501 99.760 100.000 86.307 78.450 79.69044 Warehousing and storage .......................... 105.887 131.156 114.243 100.000 108.273 117.952 126.78445 Information.................................................... 67.892 77.079 85.679 100.000 101.888 99.147 95.35546 Publishing industries (includes software)... 87.078 93.417 90.903 100.000 90.820 91.288 85.38247 Motion picture and sound recording

industries ............................................... 102.008 110.983 108.972 100.000 111.211 112.347 99.29748 Broadcasting and telecommunications ...... 51.464 63.634 82.629 100.000 112.378 103.102 104.76749 Information and data processing services . 44.181 52.128 67.629 100.000 103.834 110.890 99.054

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing ...................................................... 94.888 99.275 95.833 100.000 95.028 101.343 108.789


Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities . 80.819 83.967 88.950 100.000 85.620 73.189 70.130



vehicles ............................................. 97.408 109.780 106.945 100.000 94.743 89.003 113.61156 Real estate and rental and leasing ......... 98.119 102.623 96.673 100.000 97.145 106.152 115.28757 Real estate............................................. 103.374 106.377 98.233 100.000 97.217 108.198 118.61458 Rental and leasing services and lessors

of intangible assets............................ 61.321 76.148 85.603 100.000 96.632 91.459 91.27559 Professional and business services........... 66.863 79.726 88.964 100.000 101.082 100.275 103.10660 Professional, scientific, and technical

services ................................................ 66.161 80.017 91.855 100.000 105.728 103.831 109.70361 Legal services........................................ 98.595 101.300 110.535 100.000 98.843 108.099 107.18362 Computer systems design and related

services ............................................. 41.430 67.350 89.193 100.000 96.305 81.283 85.34363 Miscellaneous professional, scientific,




services ............................................. 92.103 110.110 98.814 100.000 101.274 106.634 112.90468 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance...................................... 88.363 93.942 97.626 100.000 103.519 108.148 109.91369 Educational services ............................... 86.875 91.253 96.383 100.000 101.601 100.941 99.46870 Health care and social assistance.......... 88.513 94.214 97.752 100.000 103.712 108.873 110.96371 Ambulatory health care services ........... 80.272 92.231 97.841 100.000 102.213 103.122 108.91772 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities...................................... 95.116 96.817 98.379 100.000 102.727 111.797 112.84873 Social assistance ................................... 82.400 87.868 94.445 100.000 113.165 112.822 108.28274 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ....... 92.687 96.051 98.526 100.000 97.405 98.335 98.01975 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ....... 97.457 99.234 99.710 100.000 92.026 95.102 91.60376 Performing arts, spectator sports,


industries ........................................... 96.703 99.191 100.426 100.000 89.484 91.998 87.86478 Accommodation and food services ....... 92.340 95.820 98.440 100.000 97.793 98.568 98.48179 Accommodation ..................................... 83.996 88.288 89.291 100.000 86.112 82.195 74.73780 Food services and drinking places ........ 93.289 96.676 99.480 100.000 99.114 100.419 101.16281 Other services, except government............ 76.952 86.728 92.051 100.000 102.097 100.296 102.25282 Government....................................................... 95.257 97.269 98.941 100.000 110.126 117.243 125.83783 Federal........................................................... 101.814 99.043 96.726 100.000 105.710 112.905 124.86684 General government .................................. 102.323 99.091 96.410 100.000 103.836 114.018 126.33085 Government enterprises ............................ 93.110 98.207 102.060 100.000 136.700 94.281 100.36486 State and local .............................................. 91.844 96.367 100.091 100.000 112.242 119.331 126.29387 General government .................................. 89.675 95.651 99.935 100.000 113.562 120.254 129.72288 Government enterprises ............................ 100.390 99.179 100.663 100.000 107.255 115.853 113.264

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 .............. 91.234 95.290 99.272 100.000 95.306 92.954 91.33190 Private services-producing industries 2 ........... 82.805 89.271 93.202 100.000 98.519 99.491 100.36291 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries3 ................................. 70.655 74.915 85.439 100.000 90.506 84.390 84.918






Table 9.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Materials Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]





Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... 5.1 4.1 2.3 –3.1 –1.0 –0.52 Private industries ................................................ 5.3 4.2 2.4 –3.8 –1.5 –1.03 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 4.6 2.8 –4.8 1.5 –3.4 0.24 Farms............................................................ 4.7 1.9 –4.0 1.5 –2.5 –0.35 Forestry, fishing, and related activities.......... 4.3 6.1 –7.9 1.4 –7.7 2.7

6 Mining .............................................................. –8.9 –5.3 18.0 8.0 –10.3 11.07 Oil and gas extraction ................................... –20.0 –2.9 39.9 2.8 –7.8 20.28 Mining, except oil and gas ............................ –5.0 –8.3 –9.2 4.4 0.8 –7.29 Support activities for mining.......................... 17.6 –2.9 22.2 35.7 –34.1 13.0

10 Utilities ............................................................. 6.2 –11.0 5.8 6.5 –8.2 –7.111 Construction.................................................... 6.6 9.1 6.1 1.8 –3.3 1.912 Manufacturing ................................................. 4.4 3.8 0.0 –6.3 –2.1 –2.713 Durable goods............................................... 6.4 7.0 –0.1 –7.8 –2.3 –3.714 Wood products.......................................... 6.0 5.0 –3.1 –8.6 4.3 1.515 Nonmetallic mineral products.................... 11.7 1.1 –1.1 –6.3 –9.5 –6.016 Primary metals.......................................... 5.6 –3.4 –5.9 –8.8 –2.7 –8.417 Fabricated metal products ........................ 7.5 1.1 1.9 –4.3 –0.4 –9.018 Machinery ................................................. –1.4 2.3 6.7 –13.9 –2.1 –2.919 Computer and electronic products............ 3.6 16.8 17.6 –10.6 –8.9 3.220 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components .......................................... 11.1 –2.2 5.2 –15.3 –12.7 –8.221 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts...................................................... 5.4 16.9 –6.9 –9.6 2.1 –6.322 Other transportation equipment ................ 19.8 –4.0 –15.7 12.6 –4.6 –2.723 Furniture and related products.................. 10.6 2.9 0.0 –2.6 –4.7 –0.924 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................... 9.6 2.6 1.9 –2.1 5.9 6.025 Nondurable goods......................................... 2.0 –0.2 0.0 –4.4 –1.8 –1.726 Food and beverage and tobacco products 4.5 –1.5 –0.2 –4.8 1.4 –5.027 Textile mills and textile product mills ......... –0.9 1.6 –4.2 –5.8 –0.6 –2.928 Apparel and leather and allied products ... –6.7 –4.1 –10.2 –20.2 –2.2 –3.629 Paper products.......................................... 5.0 1.2 0.8 –2.3 –2.7 2.830 Printing and related support activities....... 0.9 1.1 –2.8 –4.7 –1.2 –6.731 Petroleum and coal products .................... –2.2 0.1 4.0 2.0 –4.2 –0.532 Chemical products .................................... 1.0 –1.6 0.4 –7.8 –8.2 1.533 Plastics and rubber products .................... 5.3 5.4 –0.6 –4.6 5.5 0.3

34 Wholesale trade .............................................. –1.2 7.8 13.5 –15.2 0.0 5.835 Retail trade ...................................................... 5.4 19.5 10.3 –8.5 9.4 1.836 Transportation and warehousing .................. 10.4 –3.0 2.2 –6.9 –0.7 –5.337 Air transportation .......................................... 3.1 –17.9 5.3 –18.0 –9.7 5.338 Rail transportation......................................... 0.1 –5.1 –3.9 8.0 –6.5 –2.039 Water transportation ..................................... 7.4 24.3 –4.5 8.6 –9.5 –2.440 Truck transportation ...................................... 21.0 1.0 12.7 –10.2 –3.0 –15.741 Transit and ground passenger transportation 10.4 –12.0 –0.5 –9.4 –3.4 1.942 Pipeline transportation .................................. 8.7 10.2 –17.1 –1.6 33.0 2.343 Other transportation and support activities 3.1 –7.2 0.2 –13.7 –9.1 1.644 Warehousing and storage............................. 23.9 –12.9 –12.5 8.3 8.9 7.5

45 Information ...................................................... 13.5 11.2 16.7 1.9 –2.7 –3.846 Publishing industries (includes software)...... 7.3 –2.7 10.0 –9.2 0.5 –6.547 Motion picture and sound recording

industries .................................................. 8.8 –1.8 –8.2 11.2 1.0 –11.648 Broadcasting and telecommunications ......... 23.6 29.9 21.0 12.4 –8.3 1.649 Information and data processing services .... 18.0 29.7 47.9 3.8 6.8 –10.7

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing.......................................................... 4.6 –3.5 4.3 –5.0 6.6 7.3

51 Finance and insurance ............................... 4.9 14.9 10.2 –17.8 –12.2 –4.0

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities .... 3.9 5.9 12.4 –14.4 –14.5 –4.2

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments ........................................... 8.4 51.7 21.4 –44.5 –24.3 –17.5

54 Insurance carriers and related activities ... 5.3 32.3 –23.9 31.2 18.5 3.755 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles 12.7 –2.6 –6.5 –5.3 –6.1 27.656 Real estate and rental and leasing ............ 4.6 –5.8 3.4 –2.9 9.3 8.657 Real estate................................................ 2.9 –7.7 1.8 –2.8 11.3 9.658 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets ................................... 24.2 12.4 16.8 –3.4 –5.4 –0.259 Professional and business services ............. 19.2 11.6 12.4 1.1 –0.8 2.860 Professional, scientific, and technical

services.................................................... 20.9 14.8 8.9 5.7 –1.8 5.761 Legal services........................................... 2.7 9.1 –9.5 –1.2 9.4 –0.862 Computer systems design and related

services................................................. 62.6 32.4 12.1 –3.7 –15.6 5.063 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services ................................. 15.3 11.1 9.8 8.7 0.4 6.364 Management of companies and

enterprises............................................... 11.2 –2.2 5.8 –9.9 –3.3 –5.165 Administrative and waste management

services.................................................... 20.0 12.1 19.4 –1.7 1.2 1.166 Administrative and support services ......... 20.0 14.1 20.8 –1.9 1.0 0.767 Waste management and remediation

services................................................. 19.6 –10.3 1.2 1.3 5.3 5.968 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ........................................ 6.3 3.9 2.4 3.5 4.5 1.669 Educational services .................................. 5.0 5.6 3.8 1.6 –0.6 –1.570 Health care and social assistance............. 6.4 3.8 2.3 3.7 5.0 1.971 Ambulatory health care services............... 14.9 6.1 2.2 2.2 0.9 5.672 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities ................................................. 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.7 8.8 0.973 Social assistance ...................................... 6.6 7.5 5.9 13.2 –0.3 –4.074 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... 3.6 2.6 1.5 –2.6 1.0 –0.375 Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... 1.8 0.5 0.3 –8.0 3.3 –3.776 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities............ –0.3 –1.8 2.5 –0.3 4.8 –1.577 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries .............................................. 2.6 1.2 –0.4 –10.5 2.8 –4.578 Accommodation and food services .......... 3.8 2.7 1.6 –2.2 0.8 –0.179 Accommodation ........................................ 5.1 1.1 12.0 –13.9 –4.5 –9.180 Food services and drinking places............ 3.6 2.9 0.5 –0.9 1.3 0.781 Other services, except government .............. 12.7 6.1 8.6 2.1 –1.8 2.082 Government ......................................................... 2.1 1.7 1.1 10.1 6.5 7.383 Federal ............................................................. –2.7 –2.3 3.4 5.7 6.8 10.684 General government ..................................... –3.2 –2.7 3.7 3.8 9.8 10.885 Government enterprises ............................... 5.5 3.9 –2.0 36.7 –31.0 6.586 State and local................................................. 4.9 3.9 –0.1 12.2 6.3 5.887 General government ..................................... 6.7 4.5 0.1 13.6 5.9 7.988 Government enterprises ............................... –1.2 1.5 –0.7 7.3 8.0 –2.2

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................. 4.4 4.2 0.7 –4.7 –2.5 –1.790 Private services-producing industries 2.............. 7.8 4.4 7.3 –1.5 1.0 0.991 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 .................................... 6.0 14.0 17.0 –9.5 –6.8 0.6


Table 9.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Quantity Index for All Industries Materials Inputs, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries .................................................................................................................... 5.09 4.10 2.32 –3.09 –1.03 –0.45

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. 4.97 4.00 2.26 –3.64 –1.43 –0.953 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... 0.15 0.09 –0.14 0.04 –0.10 0.004 Mining ............................................................................................................................ –0.11 –0.06 0.19 0.10 –0.15 0.155 Utilities ........................................................................................................................... 0.10 –0.18 0.10 0.13 –0.18 –0.156 Construction................................................................................................................... 0.50 0.72 0.50 0.15 –0.30 0.167 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ 2.64 2.21 –0.03 –3.56 –1.14 –1.498 Durable goods............................................................................................................ 2.09 2.27 –0.02 –2.41 –0.68 –1.049 Nondurable goods...................................................................................................... 0.55 –0.06 –0.01 –1.15 –0.45 –0.45

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. –0.02 0.12 0.21 –0.26 0.00 0.0911 Retail trade..................................................................................................................... 0.09 0.32 0.19 –0.17 0.18 0.0412 Transportation and warehousing.................................................................................... 0.13 –0.04 0.03 –0.09 –0.01 –0.0613 Information ..................................................................................................................... 0.30 0.26 0.41 0.05 –0.08 –0.1014 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing....................................................... 0.15 –0.11 0.13 –0.15 0.20 0.2415 Professional and business services............................................................................... 0.46 0.31 0.35 0.03 –0.03 0.0916 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. 0.21 0.14 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.0617 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services............................. 0.14 0.10 0.05 –0.10 0.04 –0.0118 Other services, except government ............................................................................... 0.25 0.13 0.19 0.05 –0.04 0.0519 Government ...................................................................................................................... 0.12 0.09 0.06 0.55 0.40 0.49

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................................................................................. 3.18 2.95 0.52 –3.26 –1.68 –1.1821 Private services-producing industries 2.............................................................................. 1.80 1.05 1.74 –0.37 0.25 0.2322 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3........................................ 0.41 0.91 1.12 –0.67 –0.43 0.04






Table 10. Chain-Type Price Indexes for Purchased-Services Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]





Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................ 95.624 96.584 97.869 100.000 100.849 102.101 104.2942 Private industries.............................................. 95.904 96.822 98.040 100.000 100.675 101.886 103.9313 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 95.594 95.043 96.614 100.000 102.169 101.969 104.3414 Farms......................................................... 94.950 94.428 95.986 100.000 102.044 101.932 104.3525 Forestry, fishing, and related activities ....... 100.070 99.320 100.982 100.000 103.196 102.267 104.2606 Mining............................................................ 79.465 74.407 81.283 100.000 99.547 93.732 107.5497 Oil and gas extraction ................................ 73.813 64.500 73.408 100.000 99.633 89.724 109.1228 Mining, except oil and gas ......................... 93.681 95.821 98.334 100.000 100.820 102.721 105.6619 Support activities for mining....................... 89.970 93.147 96.499 100.000 98.646 100.113 102.455

10 Utilities .......................................................... 93.798 95.669 97.249 100.000 102.588 105.551 107.501

11 Construction ................................................. 93.551 95.489 97.640 100.000 101.916 104.163 106.158

12 Manufacturing............................................... 93.739 95.405 97.354 100.000 100.742 102.122 104.24013 Durable goods............................................ 95.455 96.562 97.934 100.000 100.913 102.056 103.75014 Wood products ...................................... 94.194 95.629 97.709 100.000 100.944 102.638 104.95115 Nonmetallic mineral products ................ 92.515 94.683 97.348 100.000 101.033 103.054 105.48316 Primary metals ...................................... 93.186 95.074 97.195 100.000 101.150 103.373 106.26217 Fabricated metal products ..................... 93.104 95.179 97.404 100.000 100.733 102.392 104.64418 Machinery.............................................. 93.014 95.254 97.468 100.000 100.647 102.097 104.26419 Computer and electronic products......... 100.142 99.276 98.868 100.000 100.680 101.019 101.61620 Electrical equipment, appliances, and




34 Wholesale trade............................................ 94.296 96.184 97.648 100.000 100.954 102.173 103.863

35 Retail trade.................................................... 92.214 94.677 97.020 100.000 100.760 101.966 103.89236 Transportation and warehousing................ 94.176 94.533 96.136 100.000 101.374 101.785 103.80137 Air transportation ....................................... 90.646 90.616 94.402 100.000 103.325 103.380 102.46738 Rail transportation...................................... 97.160 97.915 98.588 100.000 101.359 101.870 102.38739 Water transportation .................................. 91.848 91.843 93.010 100.000 98.731 100.175 101.26640 Truck transportation ................................... 94.548 95.589 96.814 100.000 101.390 102.216 104.06441 Transit and ground passenger

transportation ........................................ 95.729 96.349 97.214 100.000 100.912 101.941 104.30642 Pipeline transportation ............................... 95.482 93.096 94.613 100.000 101.265 99.016 105.70443 Other transportation and support activities 96.734 97.484 98.279 100.000 102.186 103.017 104.66044 Warehousing and storage.......................... 94.379 95.907 97.591 100.000 102.443 104.276 105.96245 Information.................................................... 97.874 98.000 98.513 100.000 100.692 101.506 102.89246 Publishing industries (includes software)... 96.928 97.324 98.307 100.000 100.632 101.076 101.54047 Motion picture and sound recording

industries ............................................... 90.609 92.070 95.808 100.000 102.593 104.893 108.45848 Broadcasting and telecommunications ...... 99.969 99.494 99.095 100.000 100.376 101.086 102.47649 Information and data processing services 97.272 98.150 98.457 100.000 100.792 101.558 102.74350 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and

leasing ...................................................... 100.231 100.109 99.901 100.000 99.460 101.113 103.441


Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities . 99.649 99.949 99.655 100.000 99.351 100.293 101.853

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments........................................ 128.551 117.345 106.800 100.000 93.674 93.146 96.591

54 Insurance carriers and related activities. 94.219 95.727 98.184 100.000 102.317 106.087 110.38355 Funds, trusts, and other financial

vehicles.............................................. 125.066 116.112 108.146 100.000 92.413 91.632 93.94756 Real estate and rental and leasing.......... 92.557 94.643 96.892 100.000 101.701 103.720 105.33057 Real estate............................................. 92.460 94.706 97.095 100.000 102.111 104.367 106.05158 Rental and leasing services and lessors

of intangible assets ............................ 93.736 94.782 96.295 100.000 100.246 101.728 103.40759 Professional and business services ........... 95.478 96.736 98.141 100.000 101.349 102.600 104.23560 Professional, scientific, and technical

services................................................. 96.145 97.171 98.401 100.000 101.186 102.462 104.03061 Legal services ........................................ 95.819 97.300 98.309 100.000 101.733 103.384 105.18362 Computer systems design and related

services ............................................. 96.111 96.424 97.553 100.000 101.073 102.839 104.45863 Miscellaneous professional, scientific,

and technical services ....................... 96.377 97.298 98.551 100.000 101.142 102.384 103.91464 Management of companies and

enterprises............................................ 95.342 96.612 98.125 100.000 102.153 103.260 104.67765 Administrative and waste management

services................................................. 94.222 95.924 97.584 100.000 101.061 102.337 104.23866 Administrative and support services ...... 94.505 96.165 97.646 100.000 100.775 101.825 103.55367 Waste management and remediation

services ............................................. 92.863 94.743 97.269 100.000 103.001 105.823 108.94468 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ...................................... 95.941 97.013 98.187 100.000 100.941 102.048 103.88169 Educational services................................ 95.078 96.247 97.727 100.000 101.493 102.377 104.13070 Health care and social assistance .......... 96.108 97.162 98.276 100.000 100.834 101.983 103.83071 Ambulatory health care services............ 94.494 96.063 97.661 100.000 101.415 102.827 104.68872 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities ...................................... 97.701 98.246 98.878 100.000 100.351 101.247 103.06273 Social assistance ................................... 94.459 96.042 97.638 100.000 101.000 102.490 104.45974 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services ....... 93.054 94.815 97.043 100.000 102.061 103.807 105.72175 Arts, entertainment, and recreation........ 92.445 94.237 96.806 100.000 102.244 104.190 106.33076 Performing arts, spectator sports,


industries ........................................... 93.365 95.305 97.336 100.000 101.742 103.474 105.30978 Accommodation and food services........ 93.359 95.104 97.158 100.000 101.977 103.631 105.44479 Accommodation ..................................... 92.843 94.611 96.767 100.000 101.508 102.695 104.42980 Food services and drinking places......... 93.593 95.326 97.337 100.000 102.188 104.029 105.88081 Other services, except government ............ 94.654 96.184 97.748 100.000 101.499 102.889 104.65582 Government ....................................................... 93.248 94.537 96.394 100.000 102.407 104.063 107.44983 Federal ........................................................... 93.244 94.837 96.787 100.000 102.399 104.385 107.24884 General government................................... 93.129 94.764 96.846 100.000 102.728 104.885 107.87785 Government enterprises............................. 94.682 95.812 96.229 100.000 99.567 100.688 101.67286 State and local .............................................. 93.208 94.387 96.195 100.000 102.380 103.835 107.48887 General government................................... 93.121 94.242 96.053 100.000 102.357 103.725 107.63388 Government enterprises............................. 93.749 95.264 97.062 100.000 102.510 104.480 106.634

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries1 ............... 93.216 94.436 96.625 100.000 100.929 101.949 104.63790 Private services-producing industries 2 ........... 96.671 97.497 98.427 100.000 100.604 101.874 103.76091 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3.................................. 98.405 98.212 98.550 100.000 100.708 101.234 102.025


Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... 1.0 1.3 2.2 0.8 1.2 2.12 Private industries ................................................ 1.0 1.3 2.0 0.7 1.2 2.03 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... –0.6 1.7 3.5 2.2 –0.2 2.34 Farms ............................................................ –0.5 1.6 4.2 2.0 –0.1 2.45 Forestry, fishing, and related activities .......... –0.7 1.7 –1.0 3.2 –0.9 1.9

6 Mining............................................................... –6.4 9.2 23.0 –0.5 –5.8 14.77 Oil and gas extraction.................................... –12.6 13.8 36.2 –0.4 –9.9 21.68 Mining, except oil and gas............................. 2.3 2.6 1.7 0.8 1.9 2.99 Support activities for mining .......................... 3.5 3.6 3.6 –1.4 1.5 2.3

10 Utilities ............................................................. 2.0 1.7 2.8 2.6 2.9 1.811 Construction .................................................... 2.1 2.3 2.4 1.9 2.2 1.912 Manufacturing ................................................. 1.8 2.0 2.7 0.7 1.4 2.113 Durable goods............................................... 1.2 1.4 2.1 0.9 1.1 1.714 Wood products .......................................... 1.5 2.2 2.3 0.9 1.7 2.315 Nonmetallic mineral products.................... 2.3 2.8 2.7 1.0 2.0 2.416 Primary metals .......................................... 2.0 2.2 2.9 1.2 2.2 2.817 Fabricated metal products......................... 2.2 2.3 2.7 0.7 1.6 2.218 Machinery ................................................. 2.4 2.3 2.6 0.6 1.4 2.119 Computer and electronic products ............ –0.9 –0.4 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.620 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components .......................................... 1.8 2.3 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.821 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts ...................................................... 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.2 1.6 2.322 Other transportation equipment ................ 2.4 2.6 3.0 0.6 1.6 2.423 Furniture and related products.................. 1.9 1.8 2.3 0.4 1.2 1.824 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................... 1.8 2.0 2.6 0.4 1.4 2.125 Nondurable goods ......................................... 2.6 2.8 3.5 0.5 1.6 2.526 Food and beverage and tobacco products 2.6 2.7 3.1 0.2 1.3 2.427 Textile mills and textile product mills.......... 2.5 2.5 2.9 0.6 1.6 2.228 Apparel and leather and allied products.... 2.8 2.0 3.6 0.4 2.4 1.429 Paper products .......................................... 2.7 2.6 3.8 0.4 1.4 2.330 Printing and related support activities....... 2.2 2.1 3.2 0.7 1.4 2.131 Petroleum and coal products..................... 1.0 2.6 4.4 0.3 1.7 3.432 Chemical products .................................... 2.9 3.7 4.0 0.9 2.5 2.833 Plastics and rubber products .................... 2.2 2.3 2.8 0.8 1.6 2.3

34 Wholesale trade............................................... 2.0 1.5 2.4 1.0 1.2 1.735 Retail trade....................................................... 2.7 2.5 3.1 0.8 1.2 1.936 Transportation and warehousing................... 0.4 1.7 4.0 1.4 0.4 2.037 Air transportation........................................... 0.0 4.2 5.9 3.3 0.1 –0.938 Rail transportation......................................... 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 0.5 0.539 Water transportation...................................... 0.0 1.3 7.5 –1.3 1.5 1.140 Truck transportation....................................... 1.1 1.3 3.3 1.4 0.8 1.841 Transit and ground passenger transportation 0.6 0.9 2.9 0.9 1.0 2.342 Pipeline transportation .................................. –2.5 1.6 5.7 1.3 –2.2 6.843 Other transportation and support activities 0.8 0.8 1.8 2.2 0.8 1.644 Warehousing and storage ............................. 1.6 1.8 2.5 2.4 1.8 1.6

45 Information....................................................... 0.1 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.8 1.446 Publishing industries (includes software) ...... 0.4 1.0 1.7 0.6 0.4 0.547 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................... 1.6 4.1 4.4 2.6 2.2 3.448 Broadcasting and telecommunications ......... –0.5 –0.4 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.449 Information and data processing services .... 0.9 0.3 1.6 0.8 0.8 1.2

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing.......................................................... –0.1 –0.2 0.1 –0.5 1.7 2.3

51 Finance and insurance ............................... –1.8 –1.9 –1.7 –1.9 1.5 3.0

Table 10.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Price Indexes for Purchased-Services Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]





Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities .... 0.3 –0.3 0.3 –0.6 0.9 1.6

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments........................................... –8.7 –9.0 –6.4 –6.3 –0.6 3.7

54 Insurance carriers and related activities ... 1.6 2.6 1.8 2.3 3.7 4.055 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles –7.2 –6.9 –7.5 –7.6 –0.8 2.556 Real estate and rental and leasing............ 2.3 2.4 3.2 1.7 2.0 1.657 Real estate ............................................... 2.4 2.5 3.0 2.1 2.2 1.658 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets ................................... 1.1 1.6 3.8 0.2 1.5 1.759 Professional and business services ............. 1.3 1.5 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.660 Professional, scientific, and technical

services ................................................... 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.561 Legal services........................................... 1.5 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.762 Computer systems design and related

services ................................................ 0.3 1.2 2.5 1.1 1.7 1.663 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services ................................. 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.564 Management of companies and

enterprises .............................................. 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.2 1.1 1.465 Administrative and waste management

services ................................................... 1.8 1.7 2.5 1.1 1.3 1.966 Administrative and support services......... 1.8 1.5 2.4 0.8 1.0 1.767 Waste management and remediation

services ................................................ 2.0 2.7 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.968 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ........................................ 1.1 1.2 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.869 Educational services .................................. 1.2 1.5 2.3 1.5 0.9 1.770 Health care and social assistance ............ 1.1 1.1 1.8 0.8 1.1 1.871 Ambulatory health care services .............. 1.7 1.7 2.4 1.4 1.4 1.872 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities ................................................. 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.9 1.873 Social assistance...................................... 1.7 1.7 2.4 1.0 1.5 1.974 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services.......... 1.9 2.3 3.0 2.1 1.7 1.875 Arts, entertainment, and recreation .......... 1.9 2.7 3.3 2.2 1.9 2.176 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities ........... 1.8 3.3 3.9 2.7 2.1 2.377 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries .............................................. 2.1 2.1 2.7 1.7 1.7 1.878 Accommodation and food services .......... 1.9 2.2 2.9 2.0 1.6 1.779 Accommodation........................................ 1.9 2.3 3.3 1.5 1.2 1.780 Food services and drinking places ........... 1.9 2.1 2.7 2.2 1.8 1.881 Other services, except government .............. 1.6 1.6 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.782 Government......................................................... 1.4 2.0 3.7 2.4 1.6 3.383 Federal ............................................................. 1.7 2.1 3.3 2.4 1.9 2.784 General government ..................................... 1.8 2.2 3.3 2.7 2.1 2.985 Government enterprises ............................... 1.2 0.4 3.9 –0.4 1.1 1.086 State and local ................................................ 1.3 1.9 4.0 2.4 1.4 3.587 General government ..................................... 1.2 1.9 4.1 2.4 1.3 3.888 Government enterprises ............................... 1.6 1.9 3.0 2.5 1.9 2.1

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................ 1.3 2.3 3.5 0.9 1.0 2.690 Private services-producing industries 2............. 0.9 1.0 1.6 0.6 1.3 1.991 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 ................................... –0.2 0.3 1.5 0.7 0.5 0.8


Table 10.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Price Index for All Industries Purchased-Services Inputs, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries..................................................................................................................... 1.00 1.33 2.18 0.85 1.24 2.15

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. 0.86 1.13 1.80 0.60 1.06 1.773 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... –0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.024 Mining............................................................................................................................. –0.06 0.07 0.17 0.00 –0.06 0.135 Utilities............................................................................................................................ 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.016 Construction ................................................................................................................... 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.067 Manufacturing................................................................................................................. 0.27 0.31 0.38 0.11 0.17 0.268 Durable goods............................................................................................................ 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.07 0.08 0.119 Nondurable goods ...................................................................................................... 0.18 0.19 0.22 0.04 0.10 0.15

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. 0.08 0.07 0.11 0.03 0.05 0.0711 Retail trade ..................................................................................................................... 0.15 0.14 0.18 0.04 0.07 0.1112 Transportation and warehousing .................................................................................... 0.02 0.07 0.16 0.05 0.01 0.0713 Information ..................................................................................................................... 0.02 0.05 0.14 0.07 0.08 0.1314 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing ....................................................... –0.02 –0.04 0.03 –0.13 0.34 0.4815 Professional and business services ............................................................................... 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.17 0.16 0.2116 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. 0.08 0.09 0.13 0.07 0.08 0.1417 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services ............................. 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.0718 Other services, except government................................................................................ 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.0419 Government ...................................................................................................................... 0.14 0.20 0.38 0.25 0.18 0.38

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................................................................................. 0.26 0.46 0.66 0.18 0.17 0.4721 Private services-producing industries 2 .............................................................................. 0.60 0.67 1.14 0.42 0.89 1.3022 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 ........................................ –0.01 0.03 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.04






Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries............................................. 79.020 85.499 92.146 100.000 100.311 101.899 105.233

2 Private industries .............................................. 78.325 85.122 91.715 100.000 99.751 100.507 103.399

3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting 108.095 108.666 105.040 100.000 102.632 96.024 99.2924 Farms ......................................................... 106.747 107.865 103.239 100.000 104.367 96.424 101.1085 Forestry, fishing, and related activities........ 117.950 114.653 118.097 100.000 89.777 93.030 85.7656 Mining ............................................................ 96.619 102.441 89.880 100.000 118.178 105.164 108.7677 Oil and gas extraction................................. 93.290 102.827 93.118 100.000 109.836 109.350 109.9898 Mining, except oil and gas .......................... 137.048 125.677 100.765 100.000 111.046 108.906 99.0569 Support activities for mining ....................... 79.280 86.114 74.894 100.000 145.416 92.675 112.315

10 Utilities ........................................................... 109.315 122.866 87.240 100.000 104.280 90.500 63.98711 Construction.................................................. 85.285 88.078 93.430 100.000 97.875 103.378 111.34312 Manufacturing ............................................... 92.218 95.157 100.195 100.000 100.861 97.608 96.28613 Durable goods ............................................ 94.007 96.104 103.272 100.000 98.260 95.288 95.81614 Wood products ....................................... 98.284 101.635 102.607 100.000 92.583 97.069 104.75115 Nonmetallic mineral products................. 94.748 102.558 100.096 100.000 100.871 90.594 89.08016 Primary metals ....................................... 120.490 115.136 106.817 100.000 94.732 93.635 89.35917 Fabricated metal products...................... 96.210 99.546 100.560 100.000 101.663 103.761 96.99018 Machinery .............................................. 100.922 94.973 98.126 100.000 91.308 91.686 91.82619 Computer and electronic products ......... 83.554 82.792 96.478 100.000 98.124 90.620 94.67120 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components ....................................... 94.099 101.752 98.613 100.000 91.717 84.465 80.03821 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts................................................... 96.414 100.308 119.594 100.000 95.380 94.895 86.76422 Other transportation equipment ............. 119.448 140.342 128.253 100.000 117.645 111.173 128.07923 Furniture and related products............... 90.132 100.562 100.113 100.000 101.414 97.762 100.11224 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 92.847 101.281 100.370 100.000 107.333 116.127 125.56125 Nondurable goods ...................................... 90.075 94.052 96.507 100.000 103.962 100.375 96.86826 Food and beverage and tobacco

products ............................................. 83.071 91.611 91.771 100.000 103.198 103.354 98.59227 Textile mills and textile product mills....... 100.064 102.780 103.473 100.000 98.746 104.644 99.07428 Apparel and leather and allied products 106.928 102.591 110.405 100.000 86.524 87.640 91.05729 Paper products ....................................... 98.646 101.527 100.126 100.000 104.653 98.190 107.05230 Printing and related support activities .... 93.504 97.101 98.021 100.000 104.310 101.627 98.76831 Petroleum and coal products.................. 94.193 67.264 105.382 100.000 123.217 106.050 68.86232 Chemical products ................................. 91.890 97.154 96.236 100.000 104.382 94.085 94.10733 Plastics and rubber products.................. 92.879 96.369 101.061 100.000 103.039 111.644 110.25434 Wholesale trade ............................................ 87.327 83.806 89.374 100.000 88.924 89.799 94.80335 Retail trade .................................................... 79.143 84.331 93.516 100.000 94.500 98.122 101.28336 Transportation and warehousing ................ 91.835 99.151 101.962 100.000 95.484 93.429 92.52237 Air transportation ........................................ 97.856 103.955 101.164 100.000 86.288 79.338 93.04338 Rail transportation ...................................... 117.587 113.604 106.881 100.000 106.746 114.711 118.92839 Water transportation ................................... 92.501 95.304 103.457 100.000 99.758 98.459 103.77040 Truck transportation .................................... 77.926 87.881 97.768 100.000 96.000 93.329 83.83141 Transit and ground passenger

transportation ......................................... 109.773 118.157 113.240 100.000 95.751 89.991 91.29542 Pipeline transportation................................ 118.766 131.249 121.228 100.000 105.817 125.680 120.46943 Other transportation and support activities 102.488 105.377 102.764 100.000 92.210 83.848 80.66244 Warehousing and storage........................... 105.367 124.568 110.996 100.000 113.886 126.948 140.976

45 Information .................................................... 63.673 75.829 85.360 100.000 104.962 108.172 109.60246 Publishing industries (includes software) ... 72.915 85.377 85.386 100.000 102.377 102.435 103.80547 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................ 90.416 97.364 99.608 100.000 97.360 95.644 92.60748 Broadcasting and telecommunications....... 59.524 73.346 86.217 100.000 107.027 111.922 115.21249 Information and data processing services.. 41.923 47.655 64.259 100.000 105.691 110.513 105.044

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing ....................................................... 71.168 78.528 88.163 100.000 94.725 94.213 99.367

51 Finance and insurance............................. 62.137 71.091 85.665 100.000 91.225 83.650 83.818

Line 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003





of intangible assets ........................... 61.502 77.601 87.496 100.000 101.944 96.431 91.53159 Professional and business services .......... 66.686 78.982 86.934 100.000 105.519 107.508 111.13860 Professional, scientific, and technical







social assistance ..................................... 83.963 90.488 94.754 100.000 107.117 115.032 118.96069 Educational services ............................... 83.638 89.303 93.510 100.000 106.163 106.353 109.27170 Health care and social assistance ......... 84.028 90.720 94.997 100.000 107.305 116.742 120.87071 Ambulatory health care services ........... 84.419 95.302 96.738 100.000 103.662 109.804 116.17472 Hospitals and nursing and residential

care facilities ..................................... 84.776 88.397 94.374 100.000 108.925 121.674 123.55873 Social assistance................................... 77.318 82.793 90.367 100.000 115.216 120.855 127.46474 Arts, entertainment, recreation,



industries........................................... 86.841 91.592 93.046 100.000 93.409 97.054 105.11678 Accommodation and food services ....... 81.719 85.879 88.901 100.000 101.943 104.941 116.87879 Accommodation..................................... 77.377 83.799 85.063 100.000 92.520 89.491 90.35780 Food services and drinking places ........ 83.707 86.835 90.661 100.000 106.260 112.003 128.96681 Other services, except government ........... 77.633 85.956 91.127 100.000 101.766 103.059 102.75882 Government....................................................... 85.364 88.899 96.040 100.000 105.300 114.208 121.41483 Federal .......................................................... 92.184 90.232 98.171 100.000 111.243 127.213 144.01084 General government .................................. 92.957 90.893 98.133 100.000 112.255 131.888 149.01585 Government enterprises ............................ 85.019 84.126 98.543 100.000 101.862 83.021 96.83286 State and local .............................................. 82.193 88.276 95.044 100.000 102.536 108.142 110.87087 General government .................................. 81.376 87.513 94.711 100.000 101.730 107.323 109.98888 Government enterprises ............................ 87.218 92.971 97.102 100.000 107.528 113.213 116.335

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1.............. 92.230 95.129 99.046 100.000 101.345 98.739 99.25990 Private services-producing industries 2 .......... 74.688 82.490 89.777 100.000 99.325 100.977 104.50191 Information-communications-technology-


Table 11. Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Purchased-Services Inputs by Industry, 1997–2003[2000=100]






Table 11.A. Percent Changes in Chain-Type Quantity Indexes for Purchased-Services Inputs by Industry, 1998–2003[Percent]





Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

1 All industries ............................................... 8.2 7.8 8.5 0.3 1.6 3.32 Private industries ................................................ 8.7 7.7 9.0 –0.2 0.8 2.93 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting.... 0.5 –3.3 –4.8 2.6 –6.4 3.44 Farms ............................................................ 1.0 –4.3 –3.1 4.4 –7.6 4.95 Forestry, fishing, and related activities .......... –2.8 3.0 –15.3 –10.2 3.6 –7.8

6 Mining............................................................... 6.0 –12.3 11.3 18.2 –11.0 3.47 Oil and gas extraction.................................... 10.2 –9.4 7.4 9.8 –0.4 0.68 Mining, except oil and gas............................. –8.3 –19.8 –0.8 11.0 –1.9 –9.09 Support activities for mining .......................... 8.6 –13.0 33.5 45.4 –36.3 21.2

10 Utilities ............................................................. 12.4 –29.0 14.6 4.3 –13.2 –29.311 Construction .................................................... 3.3 6.1 7.0 –2.1 5.6 7.712 Manufacturing.................................................. 3.2 5.3 –0.2 0.9 –3.2 –1.413 Durable goods ............................................... 2.2 7.5 –3.2 –1.7 –3.0 0.614 Wood products .......................................... 3.4 1.0 –2.5 –7.4 4.8 7.915 Nonmetallic mineral products .................... 8.2 –2.4 –0.1 0.9 –10.2 –1.716 Primary metals .......................................... –4.4 –7.2 –6.4 –5.3 –1.2 –4.617 Fabricated metal products......................... 3.5 1.0 –0.6 1.7 2.1 –6.518 Machinery ................................................. –5.9 3.3 1.9 –8.7 0.4 0.219 Computer and electronic products ............ –0.9 16.5 3.7 –1.9 –7.6 4.520 Electrical equipment, appliances, and

components........................................... 8.1 –3.1 1.4 –8.3 –7.9 –5.221 Motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and

parts ...................................................... 4.0 19.2 –16.4 –4.6 –0.5 –8.622 Other transportation equipment ................ 17.5 –8.6 –22.0 17.6 –5.5 15.223 Furniture and related products .................. 11.6 –0.4 –0.1 1.4 –3.6 2.424 Miscellaneous manufacturing.................... 9.1 –0.9 –0.4 7.3 8.2 8.125 Nondurable goods ......................................... 4.4 2.6 3.6 4.0 –3.5 –3.526 Food and beverage and tobacco products 10.3 0.2 9.0 3.2 0.2 –4.627 Textile mills and textile product mills.......... 2.7 0.7 –3.4 –1.3 6.0 –5.328 Apparel and leather and allied products.... –4.1 7.6 –9.4 –13.5 1.3 3.929 Paper products .......................................... 2.9 –1.4 –0.1 4.7 –6.2 9.030 Printing and related support activities ....... 3.8 0.9 2.0 4.3 –2.6 –2.831 Petroleum and coal products..................... –28.6 56.7 –5.1 23.2 –13.9 –35.132 Chemical products .................................... 5.7 –0.9 3.9 4.4 –9.9 0.033 Plastics and rubber products..................... 3.8 4.9 –1.0 3.0 8.4 –1.2

34 Wholesale trade............................................... –4.0 6.6 11.9 –11.1 1.0 5.635 Retail trade....................................................... 6.6 10.9 6.9 –5.5 3.8 3.236 Transportation and warehousing................... 8.0 2.8 –1.9 –4.5 –2.2 –1.037 Air transportation........................................... 6.2 –2.7 –1.2 –13.7 –8.1 17.338 Rail transportation ......................................... –3.4 –5.9 –6.4 6.7 7.5 3.739 Water transportation...................................... 3.0 8.6 –3.3 –0.2 –1.3 5.440 Truck transportation....................................... 12.8 11.3 2.3 –4.0 –2.8 –10.241 Transit and ground passenger transportation 7.6 –4.2 –11.7 –4.2 –6.0 1.442 Pipeline transportation .................................. 10.5 –7.6 –17.5 5.8 18.8 –4.143 Other transportation and support activities 2.8 –2.5 –2.7 –7.8 –9.1 –3.844 Warehousing and storage ............................. 18.2 –10.9 –9.9 13.9 11.5 11.1

45 Information....................................................... 19.1 12.6 17.2 5.0 3.1 1.346 Publishing industries (includes software) ...... 17.1 0.0 17.1 2.4 0.1 1.347 Motion picture and sound recording

industries................................................... 7.7 2.3 0.4 –2.6 –1.8 –3.248 Broadcasting and telecommunications.......... 23.2 17.5 16.0 7.0 4.6 2.949 Information and data processing services..... 13.7 34.8 55.6 5.7 4.6 –4.9

50 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing .......................................................... 10.3 12.3 13.4 –5.3 –0.5 5.5

51 Finance and insurance ............................... 14.4 20.5 16.7 –8.8 –8.3 0.2

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

52 Federal Reserve banks, credit intermediation, and related activities ..... 8.8 8.9 14.7 –8.1 –13.3 –0.9

53 Securities, commodity contracts, and investments ........................................... 29.2 58.8 36.0 –29.3 –19.6 –15.0

54 Insurance carriers and related activities.... 9.6 11.7 1.0 6.6 3.1 4.055 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles 26.2 21.5 32.3 –5.2 –12.0 12.556 Real estate and rental and leasing............. 4.9 0.6 8.1 0.6 11.0 12.057 Real estate ................................................ 0.9 –2.2 6.4 0.2 15.7 15.958 Rental and leasing services and lessors of

intangible assets.................................... 26.2 12.8 14.3 1.9 –5.4 –5.159 Professional and business services.............. 18.4 10.1 15.0 5.5 1.9 3.460 Professional, scientific, and technical

services .................................................... 21.8 13.3 14.4 12.6 2.0 6.361 Legal services ........................................... 11.1 7.2 –3.8 4.4 10.2 10.662 Computer systems design and related

services ................................................. 51.0 26.8 5.5 0.0 –17.9 5.463 Miscellaneous professional, scientific, and

technical services.................................. 21.0 12.7 20.1 16.0 3.3 5.764 Management of companies and

enterprises ............................................... 6.0 1.6 9.1 –5.2 0.3 –0.965 Administrative and waste management

services .................................................... 23.4 10.1 21.3 –1.9 2.7 –0.966 Administrative and support services.......... 24.9 12.0 26.1 –2.2 3.5 –1.067 Waste management and remediation

services ................................................. 16.8 1.0 –3.7 0.5 –2.6 –0.368 Educational services, health care, and

social assistance ......................................... 7.8 4.7 5.5 7.1 7.4 3.469 Educational services................................... 6.8 4.7 6.9 6.2 0.2 2.770 Health care and social assistance ............. 8.0 4.7 5.3 7.3 8.8 3.571 Ambulatory health care services ............... 12.9 1.5 3.4 3.7 5.9 5.872 Hospitals and nursing and residential care

facilities.................................................. 4.3 6.8 6.0 8.9 11.7 1.573 Social assistance....................................... 7.1 9.1 10.7 15.2 4.9 5.574 Arts, entertainment, recreation,

accommodation, and food services .......... 5.1 2.3 10.2 1.1 3.0 8.975 Arts, entertainment, and recreation........... 5.1 –0.1 5.6 –0.8 3.1 3.576 Performing arts, spectator sports,

museums, and related activities ............ 4.7 –1.8 3.8 5.2 2.3 –0.977 Amusements, gambling, and recreation

industries............................................... 5.5 1.6 7.5 –6.6 3.9 8.378 Accommodation and food services........... 5.1 3.5 12.5 1.9 2.9 11.479 Accommodation......................................... 8.3 1.5 17.6 –7.5 –3.3 1.080 Food services and drinking places ............ 3.7 4.4 10.3 6.3 5.4 15.181 Other services, except government............... 10.7 6.0 9.7 1.8 1.3 –0.382 Government.......................................................... 4.1 8.0 4.1 5.3 8.5 6.383 Federal .............................................................. –2.1 8.8 1.9 11.2 14.4 13.284 General government...................................... –2.2 8.0 1.9 12.3 17.5 13.085 Government enterprises................................ –1.1 17.1 1.5 1.9 –18.5 16.686 State and local ................................................. 7.4 7.7 5.2 2.5 5.5 2.587 General government...................................... 7.5 8.2 5.6 1.7 5.5 2.588 Government enterprises................................ 6.6 4.4 3.0 7.5 5.3 2.8

Addenda:89 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................. 3.1 4.1 1.0 1.3 –2.6 0.590 Private services-producing industries 2 ............. 10.4 8.8 11.4 –0.7 1.7 3.591 Information-communications-technology-

producing industries 3 .................................... 10.3 13.9 12.8 0.7 –4.9 2.1


Table 11.B. Contributions to Percent Change by Industry Group in the Chain-Type Quantity Index for All Industries Purchased-Services Inputs, 1998–2003

Line 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Percent change:1 All industries .................................................................................................................... 8.20 7.77 8.52 0.31 1.58 3.27

Percentage points:2 Private industries ............................................................................................................. 7.76 6.95 8.10 –0.23 0.68 2.543 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ....................................................................... 0.01 –0.04 –0.06 0.03 –0.07 0.034 Mining............................................................................................................................. 0.05 –0.10 0.09 0.16 –0.11 0.035 Utilities............................................................................................................................ 0.09 –0.22 0.07 0.02 –0.08 –0.156 Construction ................................................................................................................... 0.09 0.17 0.19 –0.06 0.15 0.227 Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ 0.53 0.84 –0.03 0.12 –0.46 –0.188 Durable goods............................................................................................................ 0.21 0.65 –0.28 –0.13 –0.23 0.049 Nondurable goods...................................................................................................... 0.32 0.19 0.25 0.26 –0.23 –0.22

10 Wholesale trade ............................................................................................................. –0.20 0.29 0.52 –0.50 0.04 0.2211 Retail trade..................................................................................................................... 0.37 0.62 0.41 –0.32 0.21 0.1812 Transportation and warehousing .................................................................................... 0.39 0.14 –0.09 –0.19 –0.09 –0.0413 Information ..................................................................................................................... 1.38 1.00 1.41 0.44 0.28 0.1214 Finance, insurance, real estate, rental, and leasing....................................................... 2.15 2.57 2.87 –1.16 –0.11 1.1115 Professional and business services ............................................................................... 1.89 1.13 1.72 0.67 0.24 0.4316 Educational services, health care, and social assistance .............................................. 0.56 0.34 0.38 0.48 0.53 0.2617 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services............................. 0.18 0.08 0.33 0.04 0.10 0.3118 Other services, except government................................................................................ 0.27 0.15 0.25 0.05 0.03 –0.0119 Government ...................................................................................................................... 0.44 0.82 0.43 0.54 0.91 0.73

Addenda:20 Private goods-producing industries 1 ................................................................................. 0.68 0.86 0.20 0.25 –0.49 0.1021 Private services-producing industries 2.............................................................................. 7.08 6.10 7.90 –0.48 1.17 2.4522 Information-communications-technology-producing industries 3 ........................................ 0.58 0.78 0.76 0.04 –0.30 0.12





Documents

Annual Industry Accounts: Introducing KLEMS Input ......25.1 percent in 2003. That means that every dollar of output in 2003 reflected 25.1 cents worth of purchased services. The strong