Ankarloo & Clark - Witchraft and Magic in Europe the Middle Ages

7/24/2019 Ankarloo & Clark - Witchraft and Magic in Europe the Middle Ages

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W'itchcraft and Magic in Europe

Volume 3.The Middle Ages


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THE ATHLONE HISTORY OF WITCHCIRAFTAND MAGIC IN EUROPE

Ceneral Editorstsengt Ankarloo (lJniversitv of Lund)Stuart Clark (University of Swansea)

l'lrt'rrrots oI F,uropean withcraft and n.ragic lie in Hebreu'and other,ur( r('n( Nt':u' llrrstcrn r'ultures and in the Celtic, Nordic, and GertnanicIr,rrlrtrorrs ol tlrt' r-orrlirrent. For tr.vo rnillennia, European folklore andrrtrr,rl lr.rvt' lrr't'rr irrrlrrrt'rl lvitlr thc belief in the sr-rpernatural,yielding a richlrrrvr' r,l lrtslot tt's.ttt,l lnl,tg('s.

ll rr,lt,t,tlr ,tnrl ,\lrryir irt l'.rrropt t'orrrlrines traditional approaches of politi-, ,rl, l, r,,,rl, ,urrl :rrr r.rl lrrs(,,r r,rrrs r,vitlr ;r critical synthesis clf culturai anthro-;rrr1.1,,1. lrr,,l,,t r,.rl 1,r1, 1r,,1,,1i1', ,rn,l gt'tt..lct- strtclics.'Ihe series provides a111.rlr'rrr, ',r lrr,l.rrlt .urvt'\' ,l tltc sttpt't-tt.tttrr:rl belieft of Europeans frott-t,nr, r.nl lnn(., l, tlrt l,rr'sr'rrt ,l.rv. l:.rt lr volttrrtt' of this ambitious sericsr.rrl,urr,, tlrl rl.rl. ,,1 ,lrslrrrr,.r rtrlr,',1 s, ltol.trs t'ltosctt firr their expertise in f,

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\Mitch cra{:t and Magic in Europe

The Middle AgesKAREN JOLLY

CATHAl{INA I\AUDVEREEDW'ARD PETEI{S

Vol. I Wrtr lrt r.rl( ,rrrtlVol. f Wrtt ltt r',rli rrrttlVrl..] Witr Irt r':rli .rrrtlVrl. -l Witclrt'r:rtt urrdVol. 5 Witchcraft rrucl

(lerrturiesVol. (r Witchcraft and

M.rsrt rn l:uropt': lli[rlit':rl lttcl l)aqan SocietiesMrrgit irr lirrrol.rc: Arrcicrrt (lreece and IlonreMrrgic irr lirrrol.rc: The Miclclle AgesM:rgic in Etrnrpc: Thc Period of theWitchTrialsMagic in Er-rrc>pe: The Eieirteenth and Nineteertth

Magic in Er-rrope: The Tkentieth Oentury

A'l lll()Nlr l)l{lrSSl()Nl)()N

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First published in 2002 byTHE ATHLONE PRESS

A Continuum intprintThe Tower lluilding, 11 York Road, London SEl 7NX

O The Contributors 2002

British Library Cataloguing in publication DaraA catalogue rccord -for this book is auailable

_from the British Library

ISI]N O 485 89003 B HB0 485 89103 4 PB

All r irilrts *'st'r'vt'tl. N. p;111 .f this publication may be reproduced,\l()r('(l il) .r rtllrt'v,rl svst('r)1, or transrtrittecl in any form or by any n1e:rns,

t'lt'i rrrrrrt , rrrt't lrlrrit ul, plrot.,c'opyinla ()r otherwise, without priorPr,r'rrrissiorr irr writing fn>nr the publisher

TVpesct by (loltrrrrrrs l)csiqrr Lttl, I{errtlitrsI)rintctl rrrrrl lrorrrr.l irr (ir.t..rr llr-it:rrrr lry

llookt r.rli (ll,rrlr) I rrl

Contents

Ir rlrorluctionIilrr.qt Ankailoo and Sntdrt Clark

l'n l( l' I : MEI)IEVAL MAGIC: DEFINITIONS, BELIEFS,PRACTICES

l.,,tn'tr Jolly, Uniuersity of Hatuaii

( lr,rPtt'r 1: Definitions of MagicI I rstoriographic Models

( lr.rlrtt'r 2: Ileliefs about Magic: Conceptual Shifts and the Natureof the Evidence

llrt'(lonversion Phase and the Early MiddleAgesl',rr,rtlisnr Shifts in and after theTwelfth CenturyI lrt' l{ise of Magic in the Late Fourteenth and Fifteenth( (.ntrtrics

I lr.rlrtt'r. .l: 'fhe Practice of Magic: Popular and CourtlyTraditionsI\lr',lrt'rrl Magic: Healing Body and Sor.r1'l rt'lrvt'r us lronr Evil': Protective Formulas, l\ituals,,\ r r r r r lt't s rrncl Talisn'rans( '.rr(nrllirrg tl.re Future: popular Forms of Divination( )r t rrlt I(rrowledge: Sorcery and NecromancyN l,rrirr' :ls Elttertaillnlent

I'\I{ I '. 'I'ROLLDOA,IR IN EARLY MEDIEVALS(]ANI)INAVIA

(,tIIt,tt itttt l?mtdvcyt', L;rttd LJniyt'rsity

Irrtr,rrltrt titlttIrr r.rr,,t's of

'tlrc I)lstWrtr lrt r':rli


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vi LVitclrcroli and Magft in Europe:Thc Middle Agcs

Speaking OutFate and l)estirryI)rosperity and Enr,1.The Hunran SoulSirapeshiftingKnowledee ancl Destiny: Tiolldrimr Beliefs in the Old NorseWorldView

Chapter 2: Ti,olldt|nr l\ituais: Practice ancl Performancel)crfirrnring Scidr: For Better or'Worse'l'hc Mythical C)risin of ScidrIrn'r, jrr:'['he l)rinre Sci dkorra( )r)inrr: Mytlric:rl (lhie fiain and Mtster of Seidr( it'rrrlt'r.,rrrtl tlrt' l'clfirnrrance of Scidr in Mytholoeical NarrativesI lrt"ll.r,liti.rr .f',Sr,ir)r ls :t l)ivinatiorr llitu:rl ir-r the Saga Literaturel,,,rlr;,,rrr', I itrl Vt,rlv:rls l)crfirrrrrence of Scidrat Herj6lfsnesl rr',;rrt'rrt 'llr,'rIr,.s irr Ar't'otrrrts of ScidrI lr, ( rrlt ,,1 rlrt. I i,r/ri.rrrtl ()tlrcr l)rivute llituals

I l r lot I tt,',1 M.rlt'r.',rlt'n,-t'lr.rlrlr,rr rr .rrr,l lrrs l:oslt.r'rrro(lrt'r Iiiglrtirrg thc Or-rtlaw C]rettirK,,tl.,, ll ll tl,rt rrrs ,\r'ir)r'l\vir't'rvitlr lris F;rrrrilvn l)( 'ltol),tt( n ( ts .rrrtl l{ itrr.rlsl irtllrlrttttt,ttt,l I ot'r'

l l,.rl ,,r l)t sl ro\': l lrt.Arrrlrrsrrity o1'l)t.r-tirrrrils.-frolld6mr(.lr.r1r1t'v .i: 'l'lrt' I t'g,rl (.orlr': I,rrv.rrrtl li'i.rl

I lrt' ( lr.rl I .rrv I r.rrlrtrt'rr'l'lrc Sor'rll ( )r-q.rrrizrrtiorr ot'tlrc l-lrrv'liill lrrtl l{itrrllSorrrcthirrs Hrrs Flappcnccl

( luilt rncl llesponsibilitiesBibliographical Note

Notes

PAI{T 3: THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH AND STATE ONSUPERSTITION, MAGIC AND WIT(]HCRAFT:FTIOM AUGUSTINE TO THE SIXTEENTI-{C]ENTUI\Y

Iidtuard Pct c rs, ( I n i lc t s i t y ttf- Pu t n s ), Iyu r i,tOhrptcr 1: Strperstitiorr urrd M:rgit'fiorrr Atrgtrstirrt'to Isitlor-t'ol'

Seville

Contents

(.lrapter 2: Superstition and Magic in the Gernlanic Law(lollections

(.lr:rpter3: Early Canon Law and Carolingian Legislation to 1100 194( .lripter,l: The Legal andTheological Literature of theTwelfth

iuld Thirteenth Centuries 207( ll)lpter 5: Politicat Sorcery at theT[rn of the Fourteenth Centtlry 218( lrilpter 6: Sorcerer andWitch 223( lrlpter 7: Superstition, Magic andWitchcraft on the Eve

rrf the lleformation 238

L)()

9697

10l103

107

109110112111115117120121127131136137139142116t49

151

151t52154155

157162

163

liiliio.qraphy

/r r r/r'.r

v1l

187

246

273

lTii


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irt t('nti()l)[)('l'isl I c(lrrizr'rs ot'.rt it's ruttl

Witchcra.ft and Magic in Europe:The Middle Ages

to all those tendencies and sensibilities that did not survive, thatrrncler the inrpact of reckless acculturation perpetrated by colo-vurit'rus creeds and persuasions: conquistadors, explorers, mission-sc lr r> I lrrs.

PAIIT I

A,Icdieval A,tagic: Def nitions,Beliefs, Practices

Karen Jol1y


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Ankarloo & Clark - Witchraft and Magic in Europe the Middle Ages