ANIMAL SCIENCES A

Third Place AS-A 3 The Effects of Ginkgo biloba on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Ellyn Anama, Salem High School Benjamin Newman, Salem High School

Second Place AS-A 1 Analyzing the hybrid zone between G. firmus and G. pennsylvanicus using three SNPs Tiana Horace, William Fleming High School

First Place AS-A 6 The Effects of Bisphenol A on the Organogenesis of C. elegans Ryan Smith, Patrick Henry High School Shelby Stanley, Patrick Henry High School

ANIMAL SCIENCES B

Third Place AS-B 7 The Effects of Centella asiatica on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Stephen (Frank) Andes, Patrick Henry High School Sarah Hall, William Fleming High School

Second Place AS-B 6 The Effects of Chlorella on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Megan McGinnis, Patrick Henry High School David (Wyatt) Robinson, Patrick Henry High School

First Place AS-B 2 The Effect of Novel Stimuli on the Behavior of Two Asian Small-Clawed Otters Victoria Weitzman, Staunton River High School

First Place AS-B 5 Bioinformatic search for homologous pseudogenes in Caenorhabditis Jack Buchanan, Lord Botetourt High School

ANIMAL SCIENCES C

Third Place AS-C 8 The Effect of Centella asiatica on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Cecilia Fraticelli, Glenvar High School

Second Place AS-C 4 The Effects of Panax on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Kemper John, Patrick Henry High School Parker Neal, Patrick Henry High School

First Place AS-C 3 The Effect of Insecticide and Sunscreen on the Bioluminescence of Dinoflagellates Michaela Robertson, Patrick Henry High School Elliana Stratton, Patrick Henry High School

First Place AS-C 6 The Effect of Antibiotics on Zebrafish Neural Development Camryn Koviak, Patrick Henry High School Caroline Kulp, Patrick Henry High School

BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Third Place BM 4 The Effect of Light Quality on the Metabolism of Cyanobacteria Erin Wienke, William Byrd High School

Third Place BM 5 Evaluation of Lactoferrin Levels in Small Bowel and Colon Biopsies in Patients with IBD Sarah Carista, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place BM 3 Revealing Molecular Adversaries Using 3D Imaging Beatrice Schleupner, Patrick Henry High School

First Place BM 1 Diabetes-Mediated Dysregulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier: Concept, Mechanism, and Implications Richard Qiu, William Byrd High School William (Matthew) Svec, Hidden Valley High School

First Place BM 2 Investigating the role of QSOX1 in skeletal muscles and their synapses Shayom Debopadhaya, Salem High School

BIOMEDICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Third Place BE 5 Quantifying the Neurological Effects of Ketosis Under MR Spectroscopy Katherine Pufko, Patrick Henry High School

Third Place BE 7 Dilatant Insert to Reduce Damage Inflicted by Peripheral Neuropathy Reid Tenzer, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place BE 2 The Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Byproducts of Fracking Alston (Wells) Carson, Patrick Henry High School Virginia (Owen) Trinkle, Patrick Henry High School

First Place BE 8 Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Antibacterial and Mechanical Properties of a Copolymer Gavin Oxley, Lord Botetourt High School

BIOMEDICAL & HEALTH SCIENCES A

Third Place BH-A 6 The Effect of Natural Versus Synthetic Antibiotics on the Growth of E. coli Delaney Smith, Patrick Henry High School Uyen Tran, William Fleming High School

Third Place BH-A 7 Antioxidative Mediation of UV Light Damage to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium by Zeaxanthin Maria Parnell, Lord Botetourt High School Ashlyn Wolfe, Lord Botetourt High School

Second Place BH-A 4 Analysis of Delay Discounting and Financial and Future Planning in At-risk Populations Elysia Lin, Franklin County High School Madison Stein, Franklin County High School

First Place BH-A 1 The Ran Inhibitor Importazole as an Effective Treatment for Deadly Brain Cancer Glioblastoma Kevin Sheng, Cave Spring High School

First Place BH-A 2 The Synergistic Effect of Sertraline and Tetracycline on the Growth of E. coli Adithya (Adi) Iyer, William Byrd High School David Whitacre, Hidden Valley High School

BIOMEDICAL & HEALTH SCIENCES B

Third Place BH-B 2 Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 to Investigate connexin43 During Hypoxic Stress Lauren Frampton, Cave Spring High School

Second Place BH-B 6 A comparison of the effectiveness of lipofectamine and glycofect transfection reagents in treating cancer cells with antisense oligonucleotides Jacob (Jake) Johnson, Salem High School

Second Place BH-B 7 The Role of Pericytes in the Destabilization of Breast Cancer Vasculature Kathryn Fink, Patrick Henry High School Christine Flora, Hidden Valley High School

First Place BH-B 1 The effect of IL-6 gene silencing on STAT3 regulation in pancreatic cancer Abigail (Abbey) Ingram, William Byrd High School

CHEMISTRY

Third Place CH 5 The Effect of pH on the Rate of Hydrolysis of Starch by Alpha-Amylase Lilian Jones, Patrick Henry High School

Third Place CH 6 Application of Bone Meal for Pb Immobilization in Contaminated Garden Soils Michael Lin, Hidden Valley High School

Second Place CH 3 The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy to Determine Sub-Microscopic Copper Corrosion Emily Cathey, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place CH 7 The Effect of Different Packaging Material on the Concentration of di-2-ethyhexyl phthalate in Whole Milk Martha Chen, Patrick Henry High School

First Place CH 1 The Effect of Natural Chitosan on the Removal of Azo Dyes from Water Carly Smith, Franklin County High School

ENERGY

Third Place EN 5 Extraction of Oil From Algae and the Use of Transesterification to Produce Biodiesel Sydney Fisher, Patrick Henry High School Grayson Fisher, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place EN 4 Energy Yield of Biofuels versus Fossil Fuel Luke Waldenstrom, Patrick Henry High School

First Place EN 2 The Use of Invasive Plant Species as an Alterative Energy Source Madeleine Taylor, Patrick Henry High School Grace Whitehead, Patrick Henry High School

ENGINEERING MECHANICS A

Third Place EM-A 7 Tabletop Robotic Arm to Pick and Place Object Rafid Mirza, Glenvar High School Jackson Moyer, Hidden Valley High School

Second Place EM-A 3 3-D Printed Robotic Arm Hannah Largen, Franklin County High School Jacob McCall, Franklin County High School

First Place EM-A 6 TI-3000 Robotic Arm Reece Derrick, Northside High School Richard Dorss, Franklin County High School

ENGINEERING MECHANICS B

Third Place EM-B 6 Microservo Mechanical Manipulator Jamison Smiley, Hidden Valley High School Charles Wallace, Salem High School

Second Place EM-B 7 Robotic Arm Rob Noah Gettings, Patrick Henry High School Joshua Taibbi, Patrick Henry High School

First Place EM-B 4 SolidWorks Designed Robotic Arm Claire Nichols, Hidden Valley High School Carson Pugh, Salem High School

First Place EM-B 5 The Effect of Flashing Chevron Signs on Traffic Safety Kenneth King, Patrick Henry High School

ENGINEERING MECHANICS C

Third Place EM-C 4 The Amorous All Consuming Robotic Arm Hayden Gray, Patrick Henry High School James Whiting, William Fleming High School

Third Place EM-C 5 Robotic Arm Arduino Case Eshelman, Patrick Henry High School Evan Gross, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place EM-C 2 Arduino Robotic Arm Reaghan Doppelt, Patrick Henry High School Charles Murphy, Patrick Henry High School

First Place EM-C 7 Study in the Success of a Pick and Place Robot Henry Holbrook, Patrick Henry High School Jonah Vanke, Patrick Henry High School

First Place EM-C 8 Arduino Programmed Robotic Arm Luke Gardner, Patrick Henry High School Luke Suess, Patrick Henry High School

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Third Place ES 6 Using Expandable Graphite and Iron to Clean Up Oil Spills Ryan Buxton, William Byrd High School Luke Johnston, William Byrd High School Trey Orr, III, Cave Spring High School

Second Place ES 1 Characterization of Soil-Dwelling Bacteria used in the Bioremediation of Hydrocarbons Madelyn Nichols, Hidden Valley High School Konstantinos (Dino) Oikonomou, Cave Spring High School

First Place ES 2 Comparison of Automated Versus Human Watershed Delineations: Effects on Important Environmental Geographic Systems Metrics Jack Sherman, Patrick Henry High School

MATERIALS SCIENCE

Third Place MS 2 Incorporating Nanomaterials into the Diet of Bombyx mori to Change the Physical Properties of their Silk Allison Henion, Cave Spring High School

Second Place MS 5 The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes and Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Tensile Strength of a Starch Bioplastic Gabrielle Taylor, Northside High School

First Place MS 1 The Effect of Pueraria montana on Tensile Strength and Opacity of Bioplastics Ryan Rigatti, Lord Botetourt High School

First Place MS 3 The Effect of Different Materials on the Blood Absorbency of Wound Dressings Abigail Tershak, Patrick Henry High School

MICROBIOLOGY A

Third Place MI-A 1 The Effect of Cinnamon Oil and Lemon Oil on the Growth of E. coli Leah Germain, Lord Botetourt High School Kierstyn Stanley, Lord Botetourt High School

Third Place MI-A 4 The Effect of Allium sativum on the Growth of E. coli Benjamin Anderson, Patrick Henry High School Lillian Holt, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place MI-A 5 The Antibacterial Activity of Cotton Fabrics Modified with Metallic Salts Kailyn Janiga, Hidden Valley High School

First Place MI-A 6 The Prevalence of the Long Isoform of Cytidine Deaminase Gene in Environmental E. Coli Samples Giselle Pfaeffle, Patrick Henry High School

MICROBIOLOGY B

Third Place MI-B 6 The Effect of Commercial and Natural Disinfectants on the Growth of E.coli Katherine Aziz, Patrick Henry High School London Paige, William Fleming High School

Second Place MI-B 5 Optimizing growth conditions of denitrifying bacteria Nicholas (Nick) Logan, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place MI-B 9 The Effect of Herbicides and Pesticides on the Bioluminescence of Vibrio fischeri Kendall Kelly, Patrick Henry High School

First Place MI-B 7 Inhibitory Activity of Phenolic Compounds Against Epstein-Barr Virus Proliferation in Burkitt's Lymphoma Cells Logan Dunkenberger, Glenvar High School

PLANT SCIENCES A

Third Place PS-A 6 The Allelopathic Effect of P. montana on the Germination of R. sativus Andrew Gloudemans, Staunton River High School Ryley Shawver, Staunton River High School

Second Place PS-A 3 The Effect of Variable Carbon Dioxide Levels on ATP Production and Growth of Vigna radiata Madison Duval, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place PS-A 5 The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Growth of Various Plants Mary Grace Giles, Patrick Henry High School

First Place PS-A 7 The effect of juglone on expression of ARR5, a gene involved in root growth in Arabidopsis Ana Barrios, Patrick Henry High School Jai'Chaun Paige, William Fleming High School

PLANT SCIENCES B

Third Place PS-B 2 The Allelopathic Effect of L. sativa on the Germination Rate of R. sativus Chloe Johnson-Hodges, Patrick Henry High School Elisabeth Taylor, Patrick Henry High School

Third Place PS-B 3 The Absorption of Zinc Ions and Nanoparticles by Raphanus sativus Grown Hydroponically Gemma Blackshaw, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place PS-B 5 The Effect of Mustard Plants on the Removal of Nitrates Using Hydroponic Phytoremediation Murphy Johnson, Patrick Henry High School Jack Shepherd, Patrick Henry High School

First Place PS-B 7 The Effect of GDU-1 Overexpression on the Defense Response in Arabidopsis Maya Ingram, Patrick Henry High School

PLANT SCIENCES C

Third Place PS-C 8 The effect of silver nanoparticles on the germination rate and chlorophyll content of radish plants Ella Higgins, Patrick Henry High School Crawford Higgins, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place PS-C 2 The Allelopathic Effect of S. virgaurea on the Germination of R. sativus Owen McKenna, Patrick Henry High School Sarah Riddle, Patrick Henry High School

Second Place PS-C 4 Lateral root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana after exposure to garlic extract during germination Luke Wallace, Lord Botetourt High School

First Place PS-C 3 Allelopathic Effect of E. globulus on the Germination of R. sativus Taylor Dawson, William Byrd High School Elizabeth Fedor, William Byrd High School

SYSTEMS SOFTWARE A

Third Place SS-A 4 A Python Program to Conjugate Spanish Words Jagger LaDouceur, Hidden Valley High School Lauren Thornton, Franklin County High School

Second Place SS-A 5 A Study Modeling Minimum Spanning Trees with P. polycephalum Harrison Huang, Hidden Valley High School William (Billy) Luqiu, Cave Spring High School

First Place SS-A 3 A Wearable Device to Monitor the Symptoms of Heat Stroke Jessica Goad, William Fleming High School

SYSTEMS SOFTWARE B

Third Place SS-B 2 Using Visual Python to Perform and Animate Vector Operations Julia Buccola, Staunton River High School Andrew Thomas, Staunton River High School

Third Place SS-B 4 A Python Game which Treats Reduced Focus and Motivation Resulting from Depression Luke Wyatt, Staunton River High School

Second Place SS-B 3 A Graphical User Interface to Customize Real-Time fMRI Data Processing Erik Scarlatescu, Hidden Valley High School William Sweet, Hidden Valley High School

Second Place SS-B 5 A Program to Aid in the Teaching and Application of Rotational Physics Michael (Peyton) Black, Franklin County High School Nicholas Rakes, Franklin County High School

First Place SS-B 1 Motion and Pressure Sensing Alarm Clock Holly Acker, Lord Botetourt High School Ainsley Swartwout, Lord Botetourt High School