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Animal Science II-Small Animal. Dogs- Unit E. Competency 13.00. Use information specific to each breed to select to select the best dog for a given trait. Objective 13.01. Identify the seven major groups to which dogs are classified. Breed Pictures From www.akc.org. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Competency 13.00Competency 13.00Use information specific to each Use information specific to each breed to select to select the best breed to select to select the best
dog for a given traitdog for a given trait
Objective 13.01Objective 13.01
Identify the seven major groups to which Identify the seven major groups to which dogs are classifieddogs are classified
Breed Pictures From www.akc.org
Seven Major Groups of DogsSeven Major Groups of Dogs1.1. SportingSporting2.2. HoundsHounds3.3. TerriersTerriers4.4. WorkingWorking5.5. HerdingHerding6.6. ToyToy7.7. Miscellaneous Non-sportingMiscellaneous Non-sporting8.8. Jack Russell Terrier (not included)Jack Russell Terrier (not included)
Parson Russell Terrier according to the AKCParson Russell Terrier according to the AKC
SportingSporting
Developed to hunt gameDeveloped to hunt gamePointersPointersSetters (Irish Setter)Setters (Irish Setter)SpanielsSpanielsRetrieversRetrievers
Hound Hound Hunting and tracking by scent and Hunting and tracking by scent and sightsight
BassetBassetBloodhoundBloodhoundDachshundDachshundGreyhoundGreyhound
WorkingWorkingDeveloped to perform services Developed to perform services Pulling sleds, protecting property, Pulling sleds, protecting property,
and provide human protection, and provide human protection, guarding propertyguarding property
Doberman PinscherDoberman PinscherGreat DaneGreat DaneSaint BernardSaint BernardSiberian HuskySiberian Husky
Herding Herding Developed to assist in managing Developed to assist in managing livestocklivestock
CollieCollieGerman ShepherdGerman ShepherdOld English SheepdogOld English Sheepdog
ToyToyDeveloped to be small Developed to be small (4-16 lbs)(4-16 lbs)
ChihuahuaChihuahuaPekingesePekingesePugPugToy PoodlesToy Poodles
Non-sportingNon-sportingMiscellaneous class used mainly Miscellaneous class used mainly for companionshipfor companionship Boston TerrierBoston Terrier BulldogBulldog DalmatianDalmatian Poodle Poodle
Objective 13.02Objective 13.02
Discuss characteristics of the major dog Discuss characteristics of the major dog breedsbreeds
AssignmentAssignment
Please read pages 456-461 in the Please read pages 456-461 in the Introduction to Livestock and Companion Introduction to Livestock and Companion AnimalAnimal textbook. textbook.
SportingSporting
Twenty-four breeds make up the sporting Twenty-four breeds make up the sporting groupgroup
SportingSportingPointersPointers Dogs developed about 200 years ago from Dogs developed about 200 years ago from
EnglandEngland Named from the stance they take when Named from the stance they take when
finding gamefinding gameColored liver, lemon, black, orange in combination Colored liver, lemon, black, orange in combination with white or solid colorwith white or solid colorLess coat care due to shorthairLess coat care due to shorthairEven temperamentEven temperamentAffectionateAffectionateIntelligent Intelligent Patient with childrenPatient with children
SportingSporting
English SetterEnglish Setter Bird hunting in EnglandBird hunting in England Crossing Pointers and SettersCrossing Pointers and Setters Used for over 400 yearsUsed for over 400 years
Hunt like pointers (stance)Hunt like pointers (stance)Lighter weight than pointersLighter weight than pointersGaining popularity in the USGaining popularity in the US
BeautyBeauty UsefulnessUsefulness
SportingSporting
Irish Setter Noted for its solid red color, speed, loyalty,
boldness, and toughnessMahogany or rich chestnut red with no trace of black in the coat colorSlightly taller and heavier than English setters
Used for all types of game, but train slower than some other breeds
Ideal show dog, but it can’t be used for both show and field.
SportingSporting
Brittany Spaniel May be classed as a setter or spaniel, but
works more like a setter than a spaniel Ticking (mixing of darker colors at the tips of the
hair) is desirable on the:White or liver and white coat in either clear or roan patterns.
Smaller dog Excellent shooting dog
SportingSporting
Springer Spaniel The foundation breed for all English hunting
spaniels Love to chase their game out of coverThey usually do not take a point when hunting.
Similar weight as the small pointer & the height of a Brittany
compact breed Larger and faster than other spaniel breeds Exceptional hunters in thick brambles
SportingSporting
American Cocker Spaniels Smallest members of the sporting dog
familySandy color with elegant appearance and cheerful disposition
Soft-hearted dog that makes an excellent family pet
SportingSporting
Labrador Retrievers Active water dog that was bred to get downed
waterfowl Short coupled, strongly built dog with an alert, friendly
disposition, fine temperament, and inquisitive nature Very dependable
One of the best used breeds for guide dogs or for search and rescue work
Short, thick, water-resistant hairColors of black, chocolate, or yellow (golden).
Usually not as tall as pointers
The HoundsThe Hounds
Hunts by scent or by sightThe greyhound and Alghan hound hunt by sight, while most others hunt by smell
The HoundsThe Hounds
Basset hound Excellent sense of smell Short-legged dog heavier in bone than any other
breed for its sizeGentle, devoted dogs that are good with children, but may be stubborn and difficult to house break
Usually white with chestnut or sand-colored Not exceeding 14“ in height Weighs 40 to 51 lbs on average
The HoundsThe Hounds
Beagles Noted for their rabbit hunting ability Make great pets and companions Weight and Height
18 - 30 lbs13 - 15" height at the shoulder
Colors range from a blue with black tigering, white, black, orange, or hound type tri-coloring
The HoundsThe Hounds
Black and Tan Coonhound Developed in the US
Crossed with the bloodhound and foxhound Bred especially for hunting raccoons
Aggressive breed that is intelligent and a passionate hunter
Known for its black coat and tan markings on the muzzle, limbs, and chest.
Exceeded in size among the hounds by the bloodhound
The HoundsThe HoundsBloodhounds
One of the most docile of all breeds Can track a scent that is several hours old Disposition:
Affectionate, but somewhat shyNon aggressiveSensitive to correction and kindness Excellent pets for children
Colors range from tawny to black and tan or red and tan Largest of the hound group
The HoundsThe Hounds
Dachshund Perfected in the 1800’s in Germany for
hunting badgersDachshunds are short leggedLong bodied muscular dogs8 to 20 pounds 5-9" at the shoulder
Lively and courageous A barker that makes a good watchdog Good with children Used mainly as a companion dog
The HoundsThe Hounds
American Foxhound Bred from English hounds and later French hounds
sent to George WashingtonAffectionate dogNot often used as petsHunt in packs Bold and aggressive in the field
They are slightly shorter than the bloodhound or black and tan coonhound
The HoundsThe Hounds
Greyhounds Favorites of Egyptian royalty Greyhounds are good at hunting all types of game
Because of its speed, they were used in packs to catch their quarry and pull it down
Used in the United States for racing Valuable as a show dog Need lots of exercise
Not suited for apartment dwelling Not recommended as a companion dog for children
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Developed to hunt “underground”Its name is derived from the Latin word terra meaning earthTwo subgroups: long legged short legged
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Airedale Terriers Large long-legged group Head and ears are tan with the sides and upper
parts of the body being black or grizzle Very docile Obedient Gets along well with children
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Bull TerriersCross of the Bulldog, Old English Terrier, and Spanish Pointer that were used for dogfights
Loving and affectionate Will readily fight to protect themselves or their master
White or colored:White (may have some black markings about the head)Colored bull terriers are any color but white, with brindle being the preferred color
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Fox Terrier Either smooth or wired, depending on the type of hair coat
White should be the dominant color One of the Best known and most widely distributed
purebred dogsNoted for their courage in hunting animals that den in the groundFox terriers are easy to trainAffectionateGood companion dogs
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Miniature Schnauzer German breed developed to hunt badger, fox, weasel, etc.
Good apartment dogFond of children
Intelligent, hardy and healthy Less than 20 pounds 12 – 14" in height at the shoulder Stocky Wirehaired
The Terrier GroupThe Terrier Group
Parson Russell Terrier Recognized by the American Kennel Club as part
of the Terrier groupThis dog was formerly the Jack Russell TerrierRecognized in other nations as a separate breed
See the Jack Russell Terrier for a description
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Perform a service to humans Pulling sleds Protecting property Performing rescue work Carrying messages
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Alaskan malamute Artic sled dog Noted for their cleanliness, being odorless
They do not bark Always has a white underbody and white on parts
of the legs, feet, and part of the mask markings
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Boxers Descended from fighting dogs of Tibet Suspicious of strangers, but good natured dog Requires regular exercise to help prevent
rheumatismShort life span of usually less than 10 years
ColorsFawn and brindle with white markings possible on the chest and face
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Doberman pinscher German breed that is a result of crossing Great
Danes, German Sheperds, Rottweilers, and Pinschers
Female Dobermans are cautious around strangers Affectionate and calm with family
Male Dobermans are extremely intelligent Often very aggressive and need a strong owner who is good at
managing the dog Dobermans often live as long twenty years
Long lifespan for dogs
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Great Dane One of two largest breeds of dogs Friendly companion or watchdog. Weight
110-115 lbs for females120-150 lbs for males
Height at the shoulder> 28" for females> 30" for males
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Standard Schnauzer Uses include family pet, watchdog, and bodyguard Very clean and almost odor free Noted for a long life span Color
Salt and pepper, or pure black
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Rottweiler Originated from the Mastiff type dogs of Rome
Used to drive cattle to market Massive and powerful, but peaceful, obedient, and extremely
intelligentVery protective of their ownersGood companion dogsBodyguardsWatchdogsPolice dogsHerd dogs
ColorAlways black with rust to mahogany markings about the face and feet
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Saint Bernards One of the two largest breeds Excellent sense of smell Coat made it suitable to perform rescue in extreme
mountain climate conditions Peaceful, quiet, and gentle dog
Loves the company of humans Makes a good companion dog
ColorRed with white markings or white with red markings
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Samoyed Breed of Siberia Excellent companion and watchdog Likes to bark Very gentle and kind
Especially loving of children Many believe it is the most beautiful breed Color
Pure white
Working DogsWorking Dogs
Siberian Husky Originated in Asia Endurance sled dog Found its home in Alaska
Began to win the All Alaska Sweepstakes Race in the early 1900’s Friendly and gentle dog
May be stubborn and ill around children Not aggressiveness or protective
Poor watchdog Color
Pure white to all other colors including black
Herding DogsHerding Dogs
Collies One of the older breeds Used for sheepherding Used mainly today as:
devoted family dogswary of strangersvery protective
Either rough-coated (longhaired) or smooth coatedlong-haired collie require frequent brushing to remove burrs and knotted hair
Color: Sable and white, Tricolored, Blue and merle, and white
Herding DogsHerding DogsGerman Shepherd Probably crossed between herding dogs & wolves
Rescue dogs, police dogs, guard dogs, guide dogs, and pets
Courageous, loyal, obedient, and affectionate to family members
Leery of strangers Color
Black nose with various shades of gray, brown, and yellow
Herding DogsHerding Dogs
Old English sheepdog Large, muscular dog Has a gait that makes it look like a bear when it
moves Excellent herd dogs, companion dogs, and pets,
and have also been used for guard dogs, sled dogs, and retrievers
Friendly and affectionate
Herding DogsHerding Dogs
Shetland sheepdog Small version of the collie Excellent family pets and companion dogs
DocileDevoted dogIntelligent
ColorBlack, blue merle, and sable with markings of white and/or tan
ToysToys
Chihuahua Named for the state of Chihuahua in Mexico Smallest breed of dog in the world
Oldest breed on the continent Noted as a clannish breed
Does not like other breeds of dogs Courageous, energetic, lively, alert, and intelligent
ToysToys
Italian Greyhound Smallest of dogs that hunt by sight
Used as companion or pet This breed is odorless
Short, smooth hair coatSheds littleEasy to maintain
Playful and alert around friendsWary of strangers
Affectionate dog that needs lots of affection to thrive
ToysToys
Manchester Terrier or Rat Terrier Originally known for its rat and rodent hunting
skillsUsed today as a companion dog
ColorJet black with rich mahogany tan markings about the face and lower legs
ToysToys
Pekingese From China Extremely affectionate with its owner
Make good watchdogs or lapdogs for apartment dwellers
Will show great courage Not afraid of larger adversaries
Require teeth care to prevent decay Needs frequent coat care to keep its long, fine hair
well groomed
ToysToys
Pug Very old breed Noted for its prominent eyes; short, square muzzle;
deep wrinkled forehead; and large, massive head Intelligent Affectionate
Enjoy lots of attentionLove children
Easily trained
ToysToys
Shih Tzu Chinese breed with a long, flowing hair coat
Requires constant care to prevent matting and knotting Color
Eyes and nose are rim black with any coat color Looks like a miniature lion
Has an aristocratic, arrogant carriage
Non-sportingNon-sporting
Boston Terrier American breed
Originated from crossing the English Bulldog and white English Terrier and further developed though inbreeding
Clean cut dogHas the body conformation of a Terrier
Make excellent house dogs or companion dogsEven tempered, intelligent, and get along well with children
Color:Black or Brindle with white markings
Non-sportingNon-sporting
Bulldog Originally a ferocious dog
Bred for bull baiting and fighting and noted to be almost insensitive to pain
Today they have been selectively bred to be good natured May have problems at whelping due to the large size of the
puppy’s head Color
Solid white, solid red, fawn or fallow, red or other colors of brindle, and piebald
Non-sportingNon-sporting
Dalmatian Calm, quiet dog
Intelligent Has been used as a trail hound for tracking, for hunting
birds, boar, and bear, retrieving game Most notably used as a coach or carriage dog (fire trucks) Will follow their master if at all possible regardless of the
mode of the master’s travelThrives on human companionshipNatural as guardiansLove children
ColorWhite with black spots or white with liver brown spots
Non-sportingNon-sporting
Lhasa apso Known for its small size and heavy hair coat Was used as guard dogs in Tibet
This dog is most suited for adults who will spend time with themIntelligentQuick hearingCan readily distinguish between strangers and close associates
Very obedient if they trust youResponds readily to kindness
Non-sportingNon-sportingPoodle
Very intelligentGood natured dog (usually)
Known as the national dog of FranceUsed as a retriever, duck(water) dog, and circus trick dogUsed today as companion and show dogs
All colors with an even and solid coat color at the skin Weight
Standards average 35 - 45 pounds for females and 40 – 50 pounds for malesMiniature varieties average 16 - 35 pounds for females and 18 – 30 pounds for malesToy Poodles average 14 - 16 pounds for females and 15 – 18 pounds for males
Height at the shoulderStandards are >15"Miniature varieties average 10 – 15" Toy Poodles are < 10"
ExceptionsExceptionsBreeds not included in the seven major Groups
The Jack Russell TerrierDeveloped around 200 years ago in England by a clergyman, Parson Jack Russell to hunt foxKnown for its alert, confident, and ready attitudeThe dog may have a smooth or wirehaired coat
ColorWhite with black or tan markings or a combination of the three colors
Weight13 - 17 pounds
HeightAt the shoulder 12 – 15"
Objective 13.03Objective 13.03
Assess major factors in selecting dogsAssess major factors in selecting dogs
Breed ConsiderationsBreed Considerations
SizeSize Large or small based on space requirements both for Large or small based on space requirements both for
the dog and for what you have availablethe dog and for what you have available Will it be inside or outside?Will it be inside or outside?
ChihuahuaChihuahua Fragile apartment dwellersFragile apartment dwellers
MastiffMastiff Weighs 220 lbs and are best suited for large Weighs 220 lbs and are best suited for large
open landopen land
Breed ConsiderationsBreed Considerations
TemperamentTemperament Active or quiet breedActive or quiet breed
Fox terrierFox terrier a small dog but is very activea small dog but is very active
Labrador and a Sheepdog Labrador and a Sheepdog adapts to apartment living welladapts to apartment living well
Breed ConsiderationsBreed Considerations
Hair CoatHair Coat Type of hair coat determines Type of hair coat determines
grooming requirementsgrooming requirementsLonghaired or wirehairedLonghaired or wirehaired
More groomingMore grooming Prone to skin diseaseProne to skin disease
Short hairedShort haired Brings less dirt insideBrings less dirt inside
Breed ConsiderationsBreed Considerations
Purpose of dogPurpose of dog Is the dog for sporting, hunting, Is the dog for sporting, hunting,
service, companion,show, guard, or service, companion,show, guard, or racing?racing?
Breed ConsiderationsBreed Considerations
Price of dogPrice of dog Depends on demandDepends on demand
More common breeds are typically More common breeds are typically less expensive less expensive Less common breeds can be more Less common breeds can be more expensiveexpensive
Source Source Pet storePet store buys from local breedersbuys from local breeders
KennelKennel purebreds and mixed breedspurebreds and mixed breeds
BreederBreeder if wanting a purebredif wanting a purebred
ShelterShelter works for a companion or family dogworks for a companion or family dog
ConsiderationConsiderationUse?Use? Affects all other considerationsAffects all other considerations Companion, service, work, Companion, service, work,
huntinghunting
Cost?Cost? Mixed breed less expensive than Mixed breed less expensive than
a purebred pedigreed animala purebred pedigreed animal
ConsiderationConsideration
Pedigree?Pedigree? Linage of the dogLinage of the dog Very important for show or huntingVery important for show or hunting
Sex?Sex? Will it be spayed or neutered? Will it be spayed or neutered? Used for breeding?Used for breeding?
ConsiderationConsideration
Age?Age? PuppyPuppy
Need lots of trainingNeed lots of trainingWill grow out of cute stageWill grow out of cute stageMay get bigger in size than expectedMay get bigger in size than expected
AdultsAdultsYou know the size it isYou know the size it isAlready trainedAlready trained
ConsiderationConsideration
ConformationConformation General structureGeneral structure
LookLookMake-up of animalMake-up of animal
important for show to meet breed important for show to meet breed requirementsrequirements
will it be able to swimwill it be able to swim run after game if for hunting or sportingrun after game if for hunting or sporting
ConsiderationConsiderationFamily history?Family history? DeformitiesDeformities TemperamentTemperament
Personal preference?Personal preference? What color you likeWhat color you like What markings do you likeWhat markings do you like
Competency 14.00Competency 14.00Use care techniques that improve Use care techniques that improve
the wellbeing of dogsthe wellbeing of dogs
Objective 14.01Objective 14.01
Discuss the grooming practices for hair, Discuss the grooming practices for hair, nails, eyes, ears, and teeth.nails, eyes, ears, and teeth.
HairHairDaily brushing recommendedDaily brushing recommended to remove dead hair and distribute to remove dead hair and distribute
the skin’s oilsthe skin’s oilsCheck for mats in long hairCheck for mats in long hair Tease with comb behind ears and Tease with comb behind ears and
under legsunder legsCut burrs by placing the comb Cut burrs by placing the comb between the burr and skinbetween the burr and skin
HairHairTerriers and wirehaired breedsTerriers and wirehaired breeds Need pluckingNeed plucking
A stripping knife is used to remove A stripping knife is used to remove dead hair and trim live hairdead hair and trim live hairA twisting motion is used with the A twisting motion is used with the stripping knife to pluck hairstripping knife to pluck hair
HairHairBathingBathing Only when extremely dirtyOnly when extremely dirty Use baby shampoo, mild soap, Use baby shampoo, mild soap,
coconut oil shampoo.coconut oil shampoo. Do not use detergent shampoos which Do not use detergent shampoos which
can lead to skin reactionscan lead to skin reactions Ophthalmic ointmentOphthalmic ointment
Sooths eye irritationSooths eye irritation
Cleaning the EarsCleaning the Ears1.1. Clean once a monthClean once a month2.2. Use cotton swab or soft cloth soaked in Use cotton swab or soft cloth soaked in
lukewarm water or approved ear lukewarm water or approved ear cleanercleaner
3.3. Only ear parts that can be seen should Only ear parts that can be seen should be cleanedbe cleaned
4.4. Use a finger, never a sharp or pointed Use a finger, never a sharp or pointed objectobject
5.5. Check for ticks and mitesCheck for ticks and mites
Cleaning the EyesCleaning the Eyes
1.1. Use approved eyewash solutions to Use approved eyewash solutions to remove any irritating substanceremove any irritating substance
2.2. Check for any redness or puffinessCheck for any redness or puffiness
Cleaning the TeethCleaning the Teeth1.1. Clean regularly to prevent tartar and Clean regularly to prevent tartar and
plaqueplaque2.2. Use small toothbrush with soft bristlesUse small toothbrush with soft bristles3.3. Use a mix of salt water and baking soda Use a mix of salt water and baking soda
or toothpasteor toothpaste4.4. Clean from the gum line to the tips of Clean from the gum line to the tips of
teethteeth5.5. Hard dog biscuits or dibbled food help Hard dog biscuits or dibbled food help
maintain healthy teethmaintain healthy teeth6.6. Clean 1 to 2 times per weekClean 1 to 2 times per week
Nail CareNail CareTrimmed occasionallyTrimmed occasionallyDo not crush nail when cuttingDo not crush nail when cuttingAvoid cutting the nail bed which will Avoid cutting the nail bed which will cause bleedingcause bleeding Styptic powderStyptic powder
Stops bleedingStops bleeding
Use clippers not scissorsUse clippers not scissors
Objective 14.02Objective 14.02
Describe major health concerns for dogsDescribe major health concerns for dogs
Dog diseasesDog diseases
Infectious diseasesInfectious diseases Caused by pathogenic Caused by pathogenic
microorganismsmicroorganisms
Canine DistemperCanine DistemperCaused by inhalation of airborne Caused by inhalation of airborne virusvirus
Early vomiting and diarrheaEarly vomiting and diarrheaLater:Later:
tremor-epileptic fitstremor-epileptic fits
Canine Parvovirus InfectionCanine Parvovirus Infection
VirusVirus Contaminated fecesContaminated fecesMostly affects young pupsMostly affects young pups SymptomsSymptoms
vomitingvomitingbloody diarrheabloody diarrhearefusal to eatrefusal to eat
Kennel Cough (tracheobronchitis)Kennel Cough (tracheobronchitis)
Respiratory diseaseRespiratory diseaseContracted in confinementContracted in confinement pet shopspet shops dog showsdog shows kennelskennelsSymptom: coughSymptom: cough
http://www.petservice.com/libraries/pictures/bord_pict.html
RabiesRabies
Viral diseaseViral disease Attacks the central nervous systemAttacks the central nervous system
All warm-blooded animals can All warm-blooded animals can transmit rabiestransmit rabiesSymptoms:Symptoms: Occur 2 weeks to 3 months after biteOccur 2 weeks to 3 months after bite Severe can be within 10 daysSevere can be within 10 days
RabiesRabies““Furious” rabiesFurious” rabies act strange then wander offact strange then wander off attack and bite anythingattack and bite anything frothing at the mouthfrothing at the mouth
““Dumb” rabiesDumb” rabies no wandering but paralysis of lower jawno wandering but paralysis of lower jaw followed by paralysis of body and deathfollowed by paralysis of body and death
Infectious dog diseasesInfectious dog diseasesCanine BrucellosisCanine Brucellosis Bacterial diseaseBacterial disease Causes abortionCauses abortion Failure to whelpFailure to whelp Enlargement of the lymph nodesEnlargement of the lymph nodes Swelling of the scrotum and testicles Swelling of the scrotum and testicles
Infectious dog diseasesInfectious dog diseases
SalmonellosisSalmonellosis bacterial diseasebacterial disease ingestion of food contaminated ingestion of food contaminated
with feceswith feces
Noninfectious Noninfectious
Heart diseaseHeart disease Symptoms:Symptoms:
coughing at night during sleepcoughing at night during sleepcoughing during exercisecoughing during exerciseopen mouth breathing at restopen mouth breathing at rest
Congenital (birth)Congenital (birth) ContractedContracted
NoninfectiousNoninfectiousCataractsCataracts cloudy, white opacity of cloudy, white opacity of
lenslens can be hereditary or notcan be hereditary or not can cause blindnesscan cause blindness found mostly in older found mostly in older
dogsdogs
NoninfectiousNoninfectious
Hip Dysplasia (CHD)Hip Dysplasia (CHD) Inherited traitInherited trait Environmental conditions Environmental conditions
too much exercisetoo much exerciserough playrough playexcessive weight gainexcessive weight gainrapid growthrapid growth
Affects the hip joints and is common in large Affects the hip joints and is common in large breeds breeds
http://www.belfield.com/xray2.jpg
NoninfectiousNoninfectiousArthritisArthritis Degenerative joint diseaseDegenerative joint disease
painpainlamenesslamenessstiffness in the jointsstiffness in the joints
Large, old, and obese dogs are Large, old, and obese dogs are more prone to the diseasemore prone to the disease
NoninfectiousNoninfectiousTetanusTetanus Caused by a bacteriaCaused by a bacteria
spores are present in the soil and feces of spores are present in the soil and feces of various animalsvarious animalsproduces toxinsproduces toxins
over stimulation of the dog’s nervous systemover stimulation of the dog’s nervous system SymptomsSymptoms
spasms of facial musclesspasms of facial musclesParalysisParalysisLockjawLockjawinability to standinability to standprolapse of the third eyelidprolapse of the third eyelid
Fungal diseasesFungal diseases
RingwormRingworm Most common fungal diseaseMost common fungal disease SymptomsSymptoms
begin as broken hairs around the face begin as broken hairs around the face ears, or feetears, or feetreddened and scaly skinreddened and scaly skincrusting and scaling in severe casescrusting and scaling in severe cases
Fungal diseasesFungal diseases
BlastomycosisBlastomycosis inhaling infected spores of soil inhaling infected spores of soil
enriched with bird or bat droppingsenriched with bird or bat droppings Symptoms:Symptoms:
coughingcoughingrapid breathingrapid breathingpneumonia and feverpneumonia and fever
Internal ParasitesInternal ParasitesAscaridsAscarids Roundworms that may grow to 8” in lengthRoundworms that may grow to 8” in length Affect mainly puppiesAffect mainly puppies
deprive them of nutrientsdeprive them of nutrientsSevere infestation will cause a pot-bellied Severe infestation will cause a pot-bellied appearanceappearance
Transmitted by female dogs to puppiesTransmitted by female dogs to puppies Danger to childrenDanger to children
Internal parasites-Internal parasites-
HookwormsHookworms Blood sucking parasitesBlood sucking parasites
Adult worms are about 1” longAdult worms are about 1” long Attach to the small intestineAttach to the small intestine
causing small spots of bleedingcausing small spots of bleedingcan cause severe loss of blood into the can cause severe loss of blood into the intestineintestineanemiaanemia
Affects all ages of dogsAffects all ages of dogs
Internal ParasitesInternal ParasitesWhipwormsWhipworms Broad at one end and narrow at the otherBroad at one end and narrow at the other
They use the narrow end to attach to the cecum and They use the narrow end to attach to the cecum and lower digestive tractlower digestive tract
Adults are about 2 ½” long Adults are about 2 ½” long produce “shell” protected eggsproduce “shell” protected eggsmay live in the soil for yearsmay live in the soil for years
Produce watery fecesProduce watery feces May result in dehydration and death if May result in dehydration and death if
untreateduntreated
Internal ParasitesInternal ParasitesTapewormsTapeworms Usually the largest worms affecting dogsUsually the largest worms affecting dogs
1’ or more in length1’ or more in length Most depend on a host such as a flea or wild Most depend on a host such as a flea or wild
rabbitrabbit Flat and segmentedFlat and segmented
small intestinesmall intestineshed terminal segments in fecesshed terminal segments in feces
Not harmful for dogs but may cause serious Not harmful for dogs but may cause serious injury to humansinjury to humans
Internal ParasitesInternal ParasitesHeartwormsHeartworms Thin worms that grow to a length of 14”Thin worms that grow to a length of 14”
live in the major artery carrying blood from the live in the major artery carrying blood from the heart to the lungsheart to the lungs
Serious threat to dogsSerious threat to dogsMajor injury to vital organsMajor injury to vital organs
Symptoms:Symptoms:frequent coughingfrequent coughinglabored breathinglabored breathingfaintingfainting
Transmitted by mosquitoesTransmitted by mosquitoes Prevention is preferred to treatmentPrevention is preferred to treatment
treatment must occur earlytreatment must occur early
External ParasitesExternal ParasitesFleasFleas Small blood sucking insectsSmall blood sucking insects
move rapidly over the skinmove rapidly over the skin Develop from eggs to adult in as little as Develop from eggs to adult in as little as
16 days16 daysfirst detected in the groin and rump areafirst detected in the groin and rump areacause irritation and extreme itchingcause irritation and extreme itching
Controlled with powders, dips, shampoos, Controlled with powders, dips, shampoos, collars, oral insecticides, foggers and collars, oral insecticides, foggers and sprayssprays
External ParasitesExternal Parasites
TicksTicks Blood sucking arthropodsBlood sucking arthropodsTwo main familiesTwo main families Hard tickHard tick
Brown dog tick can survive indoorsBrown dog tick can survive indoorsAmerican dog tick lives in grass and on shrubsAmerican dog tick lives in grass and on shrubs
Soft tick Soft tick Spirose Ear tickSpirose Ear tick
larvae and nymph stage live in and cause irritation to the larvae and nymph stage live in and cause irritation to the outer ear canalouter ear canal
External ParasitesExternal Parasites
LiceLice Wingless insectsWingless insects
BloodsuckersBloodsuckers Not common on dogsNot common on dogs Severe hair loss from scratching and Severe hair loss from scratching and
rubbingrubbing Two treatments 12 days apart with dips, Two treatments 12 days apart with dips,
dusts, or spraysdusts, or sprays
External ParasitesExternal Parasites
MitesMites Tiny, eight legged arachnids Tiny, eight legged arachnids Demodectic mites do not usually Demodectic mites do not usually
cause problems, but a severe cause problems, but a severe infestation may result in hair loss, infestation may result in hair loss, reddening of skin, and encrusting reddening of skin, and encrusting either in spots or over the entire bodyeither in spots or over the entire body
External ParasitesExternal Parasites
Two types of Sarcoptic mitesTwo types of Sarcoptic mites Burrow within the outer layer of skinBurrow within the outer layer of skin
highly contagioushighly contagiousmange or scabiesmange or scabies
intense irritation and itching may result in intense irritation and itching may result in the dog injuring itself as it tries to scratch, the dog injuring itself as it tries to scratch, chew or rub the skinchew or rub the skin
External ParasitesExternal ParasitesEar mitesEar mites Highly contagiousHighly contagious Outer ear canal Outer ear canal They are a common problem with They are a common problem with
infected animals shaking their headinfected animals shaking their headFlea products are effective in treatment Flea products are effective in treatment as well as ear dropsas well as ear drops
External ParasitesExternal ParasitesCheyletiella mitesCheyletiella mites Contagious Contagious Cause a condition known as Cause a condition known as
“walking dandruff”“walking dandruff”Severe scaling on the back may Severe scaling on the back may occuroccurItching is not as severe as with Itching is not as severe as with other mite infestationsother mite infestations
External ParasitesExternal ParasitesChiggersChiggers Orange-red larvae stages of Trombicula Orange-red larvae stages of Trombicula
mitesmitescause an itchy, red rash on the belly, face and cause an itchy, red rash on the belly, face and legslegs
Picked up from underbrushPicked up from underbrushRemain on the skin for a short timeRemain on the skin for a short timeUsually do not require treatment other than Usually do not require treatment other than something to stop the itchingsomething to stop the itching
Poisons Poisons
InsecticidesInsecticides May cause poisoning if ingested in May cause poisoning if ingested in
large anountslarge anounts Organophosphates and carbamate Organophosphates and carbamate
compoundscompoundsMain source of insecticidal poisoningMain source of insecticidal poisoning
Boric acid from roach baitBoric acid from roach bait Arsenic from ant trapsArsenic from ant traps
PoisonsPoisonsHerbicidesHerbicides GlyphosphateGlyphosphate
Round-UpRound-Up Arsenic-based weed killersArsenic-based weed killers
PoisonsPoisonsPlantsPlants PhilodendronPhilodendron Dieffenbachia (Dumbcane)Dieffenbachia (Dumbcane)
Mouth swells to the point that you can not Mouth swells to the point that you can not talktalk
PothosPothos CaladiumCaladium
contain insoluble calcium oxadate crystalscontain insoluble calcium oxadate crystalscause irritation to the mouth and intestinal cause irritation to the mouth and intestinal tracttract
PoisonsPoisonsHousehold chemicals and Household chemicals and cleanerscleaners Can cause sickness if ingestedCan cause sickness if ingested
AmmoniaAmmoniaBleachBleachBoratesBoratesHydroxidesHydroxidesPine oilPine oil
PoisonsPoisonsRodenticidesRodenticides Used for rodent controlUsed for rodent control
Strychnine & warfarinStrychnine & warfarin internal bleedinginternal bleeding death if ingested in sufficient quantitiesdeath if ingested in sufficient quantities