Animal Review

Overview of Animal Kingdom

• Check out pages– 655 – embryonic development– 661 – tissue development– 695 – Invertebrate phyla and characteristics– 698 – Chordate characteristics

Animal Organizational Hierarchy

• Organelles

• Cells

• Tissue

• Organ

• Organ System

Animal Tissues

• Connective Tissue

• Epithelial Tissue

• Muscular Tissue

• Nervous Tissue

Animal Metabolic Strategies

• Endothermy vs Exothermy

• Surface area to volume ratio

• Basal metabolic rate

Quest for Nutrients

• Macro vs. Micronutrients• Digestive System Plans

– Gastro vascular Cavity– Alimentary Canal

• Page 882 – animal comparisons• Page 886 – locations of mammalian

digestion• General structure of mammalian digestive

system

Gas Exchange

• Pages 899-901 system comparisons• Structure of mammalian heart• Blood Pressure – systolic/diastolic• Vascular flow• Transport of gasses

– Oxygen• Hemoglobin/myoglobin/bohr shift

– Carbon dioxide• Carbonic anhydrase

Blood

• Components– Plasma– Formed Elements

• Erythrocytes – Erythropoetin• Leukocytes

– Neutrophylls

– Monocytes

– Macrophages

– Basophylls

– Eosinophylls

– Lymphocytes

• Platelets

Immunity

• First line of defense

• Second line of defense– Non-specific immunity (innate immunity)– Specific immunity (adaptive immunity)

• Page 944 for overview

Animals – other good pictures

• 964 – kidney/nephron function

• 986 – Chart of animal hormones– 990-991 -+ feedback examples

Animals – Examples of Specialized Cells

• Muscle Cells

• Nerve Cells