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Animal Development
Animal Development
Fertilization
Cleavage
Gastrulation
Organogenesis
Specialized adaptations
Fertilization
FertilizationEGG
CYTOPLASM
FertilizationEGG
CYTOPLASM
Vitelline layer
(extracellular matrix)
EGG CYTOPLASM
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Fertilization
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Fertilization
Jelly coat
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Jelly coat
Cortical granules
Fertilization
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Jelly coat
Cortical granules
Fertilization
Sperm head
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Jelly coat
Cortical granules
Fertilization
Acrosome
Vitelline layer
Sperm-binding receptors
Jelly coat
Cortical granules
Fertilization
Acrosome
Actin fibers
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Acrosomal reaction
Fertilization
Acrosomal reaction
Fertilization
Acrosomal processes bind
to sperm-binding receptors
Fertilization
Acrosomal processes bind
to sperm-binding receptors
Fertilization
Acrosomal processes bind
to sperm-binding receptors
Fertilization
Sperm and egg membranes
fuse
Fertilization
Sperm and egg membranes
fuse
Fertilization
Sperm and egg membranes
fuse
Fertilization
Sperm and egg membranes
fuse
Fertilization
FAST REACTION:
Fertilization
FAST REACTION:•Ion channels open up
FAST REACTION:•Ion channels open up•Sodium ions rush in
Fertilization
FAST REACTION:•Ion channels open up•Sodium ions rush in•Membrane depolarizes
Fertilization
FAST REACTION:•Ion channels open up•Sodium ions rush in•Membrane depolarizes
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane•Contents are released into perivitelline space
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane•Contents are released into perivitelline space•Sperm-binding receptors are clipped
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane•Contents are released into perivitelline space•Sperm-binding receptors are clipped
Fertilization
CORTICAL REACTION:•Endoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+ ions•Ca2+ triggers cortical granules to fuse with plasma membrane•Contents are released into perivitelline space•Sperm-binding receptors are clipped•Vitelline layer hardens
Fertilization
Fertilization
This time you give the narration!
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Fertilization
Cleavage
Cleavage
Morula Blastula
Cleavage
Cleavage
Cleavage
Cleavage
Gastrulation
Gastrulation
Gastrulation
Specialized adaptations
Chorion
Amnion
Yolk sac
Allantois
Specialized adaptations
Specialized adaptations
Specialized adaptations
Specialized adaptations
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Vertebrate Embryonic Development
Fate Mapping
Specific regions of the zygote become specific parts of the
embryo
Fate Mapping
Nonamniotic species:
Fate Mapping
Nonamniotic species:
Unevenly distributed cytoplasmic determinants in the egg establish body axes.
Fate Mapping
Amniotic species:
Fate Mapping
Amniotic species:
Local environmental differences establish initial differences between cells and determine body axes.
Fate Mapping
Amniotic species:
Local environmental differences establish initial differences between cells and determine body axes.
“Organizer” regions secrete signals molecules.
Fate Mapping
Apical Ectodermal Ridge
ProgressZone
Zone Of PolarizingActivity
Fate Mapping
Remove AER
Normal AER
Split AER orExtra AER added
Fate Mapping
Swapping AER’s
Fate Mapping
Adding extra ZPA
Adding Retinoic acid bead
.
