ANIMAL ADAPTATIONSBy: Allison Hinton

ANIMAL ADAPTATIONS OVERVIEW Freshman Biology Course Learning Objectives

To demonstrate knowledge of adaptations of different animal species. To illustrate different adaptations for one species not already discussed in the lesson To connect one species to another via similarities and differences

Learning Standards Curriculum Standards

12.B.4a Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and interdependence of organisms.

12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.

12.F.4a Explain theories, past and present, for changes observed in the universe. Technology Standards

Create original works as a means of personal or group expression Interact, collaborate, and publish with peers, experts, or others employing a variety of digital

environments and media Communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences using a variety of media

and formats Plan and manage activities to develop a solution or complete a project Exhibit a positive attitude toward using technology that supports collaboration, learning, and

productivity Select and use applications effectively and productively

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CLICK ON AN ANIMAL TO LEARN ABOUT THEIR ADAPTATIONS

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PENGUIN ADAPTATIONS

PENGUIN ADAPTATIONS (CLICK BELOW TO BEGIN)

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HAWK ADAPTATIONS

HAWK ADAPTATIONS (CLICK ON THE PICTURE)

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RABBIT ADAPTATIONS

RABBIT ADAPTATIONS Rabbit eyes sit high on their heads allowing them to

have a larger view without having to move their head.

Their back feet and legs are very strong which is are designed to allow them to run fast and make them very agile in changing directions.

They have a cecum in their digestive tract which allows them digest food they otherwise would not be able to. The cecum helps break down the nutrients and then the rabbits eat their feces to get all of the nutrients out. This is called coprophagy.

Their jaws and teeth are also adapted for a vegetarian diet. Their incisors are designed to break off the plant materials and their molars are designed to grind the plants to further digest them.

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DOG ADAPTATIONS

DOG ADAPTATIONS (CLICK ON THE PICTURE)

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CAT ADAPTATIONS

CAT ADAPTATIONS

Cats are excellent hunters. This video will illustrate how they stalk their prey. http://

youtu.be/fzzjgBAaWZw They have increased photoreceptors in their

eyes to allow them to see better in the dark. The reason their tail is long and flexible is to

help with their balance. Their whiskers are used to help determine if

they will fit into a space or not. If their whiskers hit anything, it is a sign their very agile body will not be able to fit.

They walk on their toes instead of the balls of their feet like dogs do.Table of

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SEA TURTLE ADAPTATIONS

SEA TURTLE ADAPTATIONS Their forearms are like paddle-like flippers that allow them

to swim underwater. They are unable to retract their head and necks like other

members of the turtle family. This would make them less agile in the water.

They metabolize sea water to get their water intact and help with their diet.

They also have a salt gland near their eyes that allows them to secrete the excess salt they obtain from the water.

They have a high red blood cell count which means they have increased myoglobin. This means they are able to store and transport more oxygen in their blood than other animals.

Most of these adaptations to the water make them less suitable to live on land such as their modified front flippers.

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MOUSE ADAPTATIONS

MOUSE ADAPTATIONS They have very large eyes and ears to help them better see and hear their enemies. They have very small flexible feet with nails on each of

their five toes which allows them to grip onto things such as their food and allows them to climb things easier.

They are omnivorous and their mouths are adapted for that lifestyle. Their front teeth continually grow to remain sharp for biting into things like plants. They also have molars in the back to allow them to grind their food just like other animals.

They have very short life spans so they have adapted to have short gestation periods and they have on average 6 pups each litter. They are also are able to have many litters a year.

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LION ADAPTATIONS

LION ADAPTATIONS

The lions are able to produce a very loud roar that not all cats can produce. This allows

them to communicate with the rest of their tribe.

Their claws like other cats are long and retractable. The long claws helps them to capture and incapacitate their prey.

They have very rough tongues that help them to keep their coats clean and allows them to get the meat off of the bone from the animals that they kill.

The skin under their bellies is very loose and saggy which allows them to be kicked by other animals with very little damage to the lion.

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GOAT ADAPTATIONS

GOAT ADAPTATIONS One of the major adaptations of the goat is their four chambered stomach which helps break down all the plants that they eat. This is also allows them to eat many different things

that other animals would be unable to eat and still gain nutrients from them.

If you look closely at a goat, their eyes have horizontal slits for their pupils unlike most animals that have vertical slits. This gives them a greater peripheral vision to help keep an eye out for their predators.

The also have adapted their estrous cycle to be able to breed in the fall which guarantees a delivery in the spring when the baby goats will have the greatest chance of survival.

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REVIEW

REVIEW JEOPARDY!

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MovementPick 2 Food Movement Internal Changes

100 100 100 100

200 200 200 200

300 300 300 300

400 400 400 400

500 500 500 500

Final Jeopardy

PICK 2 FOR 100

These two animals both have retractable claws.

Who are lions and cats?

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PICK 2 FOR 200

These 2 animals have their front limbs adapted to make it easier

in the water.

Who are penguins and sea turtles?

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PICK 2 FOR 300

These two animals have larger ears to better hear their prey or

predators.

Who are mice and African Wild Dogs?

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PICK 2 FOR 400

These animals have adapted eyes to help them keep a

lookout for their predators.

Who are mice, goats, and rabbits?

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PICK 2 FOR 500

These two animals have adaptations to help them become better runners.

Who are rabbits and the African Wild Dog?

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FOOD FOR 100

This animal has a four chambered stomach to help breakdown

plants.

Who are goats?

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FOOD FOR 200

This animal has on average a 70%-90% capture rate.

Who is the African Wild Dog?

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FOOD FOR 300

This animal spends more time sleeping when food supplies run

low.

Who is the penguin?

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FOOD FOR 400

This animal uses it’s rough tongue to help get the meat of

the bone of the animals it captures.

Who is the lion?

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FOOD FOR 500

This animal has a cecum which allows it to digest more of its food but then has to eat it’s

feces to get the benefits.

Who is the rabbit?

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MOVEMENT FOR 100

This animal walks on its toes.

Who is the cat?

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MOVEMENT FOR 200

This animal has dense bones to help with it’s movement.

Who is the penguin?

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MOVEMENT FOR 300

This animal attacks very slowly while staying controlled.

Who is the Red Tailed Hawk?

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MOVEMENT FOR 400

This animal has adaptations on its feet to allow it to grasp things.

Who is the mouse?

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MOVEMENT FOR 500

This animal has adapted differently than other similar animals because it needs to

swim longer than other similar animals.

Who is the sea turtle?

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INTERNAL CHANGES FOR 100

This animal slows its heart rate while swimming at deep depths.

Who is the penguin?

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INTERNAL CHANGES FOR 200

This animal has horizontal slits in it’s eyes instead of vertical which is far more common.

Who is the goat?

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INTERNAL CHANGES FOR 300

This animal has a soft underbelly with saggy skin to help it from

getting injured by enemies.

Who is the lion?

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INTERNAL CHANGES FOR 400

This animal has more photoreceptors in it’s eyes to

help it be able to see in the dark.

Who is the cat?

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INTERNAL CHANGES FOR 500

This animal has a higher red blood cell count to be able to

transport more oxygen around it’s body.

Who is the sea turtle?

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FINAL JEOPARDY

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Category: Gestation

The mouse and this animal can produce many offspring because

of their short life cycles and threat from predators.

Who are rabbits?

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SCOREBOARD

Team 1 Team 2

100100100100 200200200200 300300300300 400400400400 500500500500

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PROJECT AND EXAM INFORMATION

YOUR PROJECT You need to pick an animal you want to learn about. There is a sign up

form on our class blog. You will need to submit a couple of options in case your first choice is already taken. There will be no duplicates and it is first come, first serve. It cannot be one discussed already.

Once you have your animal picked, you need to do some research (3 sources required and only one can be one that is already posted in the resources section)!

Make a PowerPoint or Prezi presentation, a video, a Glog, or something of your choosing (it needs to get approved by me) illustrating what you learned.

You also need to connect the animal you choose to 3 other animals that were done in this presentation. Show me your understanding of how things between species are similar and/or different. I want one similarity and one difference per animal you chose to compare with. I want to be able to see the evolutionary changes also!

The project will be due next Friday to make sure have enough time to work on it and perfect it.

If you have questions, just ask in class or on our class discussion board on the blog. There is a post already started for you to ask in.

Just remember to have fun with it!Table of Contents

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Scan here to get to

our class blog!

EXAM INFO

The exam will be this weekend. It will be timed and you will have all weekend

to complete it. It will open on Friday at 3pm and close Sunday at midnight.

Please complete it on your own and do not share answers.

You are able to use your notes since it is an online test but you will not have time to look up all of the answers so make sure you use your time wisely!

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RESOURCES

RESOURCES

http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/ http://bioweb.uwlax.edu http://www.seaworld.org http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/adaptations https://www.eriezoo.org/ http://www.bornfree.org.uk/ http://www.denverzoo.org/ http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/ http://www.wildlifebritain.com/ http://a-z-animals.com/ http://www.lpzoo.org/ http://www.allaboutbirds.org/

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