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Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
SourceSource,, BeamlinesBeamlines, , ControlsystemControlsystem,,CertificationCertification))
AnAngstroemquellegstroemquelle KaKarlsruhe rlsruhe ANKAANKA
Presentation: K.Cerff FZK/ISS
DESY/ Zeuthen 11.03.2003
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Turn of the first sod,2. July 1996
First beam (IR viewport), 14. March 2000
Erection of the ANKA hall, spring 1998
February 2001, Inauguration of ANKA
ANKA ANKA MilestonesMilestones
2
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnik (IMT)
Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung (INE)
Bereich Infrastruktur (BTI) und Verwaltung (HPS, EVM)
Institut für Technische Chemie (ITC)
Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT)
Hauptabteilung Information (HIK) und Kommunikation
Institut für Festkörperphysik (IFP)
Institut für Synchrotronstrahlung (ISS)
ANKA
ANKA ANKA embeddedembedded in in thethe FZKFZK
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA PersonsPersons
Institut für Synchrotron Strahlung (ISS) ANKA GMBH:
Administration: 4 Marketing: 5
Machine Group: 7
Beamline Group: 10
Technical Group: 9
Computer Group: 4
Σ = 39
3
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKAANKA BudgetBudget
Erection 35M€ Operation, R&D 2.7M€ (2003)
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
AvailabilityAvailability and and Reliability Reliability
92.488.6
62.2 69.479.1
92.9
0.0
97.293.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
ch
Apr
il
May
June
July
Augu
st
Sept
embe
r
Oct
ober
Nov
embe
r
Dec
embe
r
_Month
Ava
ilabi
lity[%
]
2001
No data
Total : 84 %
4
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Beamtime Beamtime ScheduleScheduleSchicht Schicht Schicht
KW 1 2 3 KW 1 2 3 KW 1 2 3Mo 1 40 MB MBDi 2 MB MBMi 3 MB MBDo 4 MB MB SNB 1 KB KBFr 5 MB MB SNB 2 KB KBSa 6 3 1So 7 4 2Mo 8 41 KB MB 5 45 KB MB 3 49 KB MBDi 9 NB NB 6 NB NB 4 NB NB SNBMi 10 NB NB 7 NB NB 5 NB NB SNBDo 11 NB NB SNB 8 NB NB SNB 6 NB NB SNBFr 12 MB MB SNB 9 SNB SNB SNB 7 SNB SNB SNBSa 13 10 8So 14 11 9Mo 15 42 KB MB 12 46 KB KB 10 50 KB MBDi 16 NB NB 13 KB KB 11 NB NBMi 17 NB NB 14 KB KB 12 NB NBDo 18 SNB SNB SNB 15 KB KB 13 SNB SNB SNBFr 19 MB MB SNB 16 MB MB 14 MB MB SNBSa 20 17 15So 21 18 16Mo 22 43 KB MB 19 47 MB MB 17 51 KB MBDi 23 NB NB 20 MB MB 18 NB NBMi 24 NB NB 21 MB MB 19 NB NBDo 25 SNB SNB SNB 22 MB MB SNB 20 NB NBFr 26 MB MB SNB 23 MB MB SNB 21 KB KBSa 27 24 22So 28 25 23Mo 29 44 KB MB 26 48 KB MB 24 52 KB KBDi 30 NB NB 27 NB NB 25 KB KBMi 31 NB NB 28 NB NB 26 KB KBDo 29 SNB SNB SNB 27 KB KBFr 30 MB MB SNB 28 KB KBSa 29So 30Mo 31 1 KB KB
Oktober November Dezember
Users operation2.5 GeV
IMT special1.3/1.6 GeV
Maschineoptimisation
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
• High intensity
ANKAANKA GenerationGeneration
1900 1920 1980 2000
1x1010
1x1015
1x1020
Bril
lanc
e[p
h/s/
mra
d2 /mm
2 / 0.1
%bw
]
Jahr
1.Generation Source
X-Ray Tube
2. Generation
3. Generation
ANKA
5
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
TheThe ANKA ANKA MachineMachine
circumference: 110.4m
diameter: 35 m
Energy 2.5 GeV
current ca. 200 mA
lifetime: > 20 h
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Electron Energies:
Electron Gun 70 keV
Linac of the Microtron: 5.3 MeV
Racetrack-Mikroton 53 MeV
Electron SourceElectron Source and and MicrotronMicrotron
6
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
MicrotronInjection line
Boostere-Gun
Gun pulse current 500 mApulse length 4 ms
mikrotron current 4 mA pulse length 1 ms
Booster current 8 mACirculation time 88 ns repetition rate1 Hz
TheThe ANKA BoosterANKA Booster
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Quadrupole: focussing of theelectron beam .
Sextupole:compensation of ´chromatic abberation`.
Dipol Sources:16 magnets with a radius of 5.56 m each, angled 22.5°, mag. field 1.5 T, 80 coils, current 687 A, watercooled.
ANKA MagnetsANKA Magnets
7
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Spectra of ANKA BM, ID‘s
107
109
1011
1013
1015
1017
Phot
/s/0
.1%
bw/m
m2 m
rad2
10 eV 100 eV 1keV 10keV 100keV
Photon energy
BrillianceBrilliance
Spectra Spectra of ANKA BM and Insertion of ANKA BM and Insertion DevicesDevices
R.Rosmanith, ISS
Bending Magnet
SUL-Wiggler
UndulatorWERA-BL
Sc Mini-Undulator
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Wiggler Wiggler and and Undulator Undulator
8
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Soft X-RayAnalytik (WERA)
INE
SUL-X
MPI Stuttgart
Infrared-Spectroskopy
Protein-cristallography
Roentgen-fluorescence,Topography
Roentgen-Diffraction
Roentgen-absorption
Roentgenlithography
(clean room)
ANKA ANKA Beamlines Beamlines 2003 2003
Booster
Wiggler
Undulator
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA MethodsMethods
probeprobeX-ray
absorption
fluorescencephoto-elektrons
Bragg-
diffraction
small angle scattering
Compton-scattering
reflexion
change of polarisation
phase contrast
9
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA Absorption ANKA Absorption BeamlineBeamlineEnergyRange: 2-30 keVEnergyResolution: 2 x10-4 keV
Probe Size: 40 x 0.2 mm
Flux: 2 x1011 Ph/(s 0.1%Bw)
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Diffraction BeamlineDiffraction BeamlineEnergy Range 6-20 keV
EnergyResolution: 2 10-4 keV
Probe Size: 1 x 0.2 mm2
Flux: 5 x1011 Ph/(s 0.1%Bw)
10
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Topography BeamlineTopography BeamlineEnergy Range white
light
Probe Size: 10 x 10 mm2
Flux: 10 W
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Fluorescence BeamlineFluorescence BeamlineEnergyRange: 1-20 keV
EnergyResolution: 5 x10-2 keV
Probe Size: 1 x 1 mm
Flux: 1 x1013 Ph/(s0.1%Bw)
11
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA PX ANKA PX BeamlineBeamlineEnergy Range: 4-20 keVEnergyResolution: 5 10-4 keV
Probe Size: 0.5 x 0.5 mm
Flux: 1 x1012 Ph/(s 0.1%Bw)
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA IR ANKA IR BeamlineBeamlineEnergyRange: 4-20 keV
EnergyResolution: 5 10-4 keV
Flux: 0.5 x 0.5 mm
82,51
*)
*)
FTIR-spectrometerIR-microscope
SUL
Ellipsometer
FTIR-spectrometerMPI-FKF
0 1 m
High pressure set-up
12
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Lithograpy Lithograpy II--IIIIIIEnergyRange
Power [W]
Probe Size[mm]
Lithography I 1.5 - 4 6 120 x 10
Lithography II 2-8 40 120 x 10
Lithography III 5-40 100 120 x 10
LocationLocation of of PLCsPLCsand and safe safe CANCAN--Bus Bus for for up to 32up to 32ANKA ANKA BeamlinesBeamlines
ManagementDevice
Logic Devices
Transmission rate: 250 Kbit/s (250 m length) max. 64 Bussubscribers and 32 alarm groups alarm response time < 50 msec
Line-Bus topology
13
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Lithography Lithography II--III III BeamlineBeamline ControlControl and and BPSSBPSS CabinetsCabinets
Left: two cabinets with 68k VME controllers forLIGA I, II Beamlines.
Right: three PersonnelSafety Controller cabinets for LIGA I – III.
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Interface of Interface of the the ANKAANKAMachineMachine//Beamline InterlockBeamline Interlock
control room
beam dump safety relay
- - - - - - - - - - -
machine controller
BPSS Master
ANKA Beamlines, up to 32 safety Bus subscribers (=Beamlines)
TCP/IP Ethernet to BL. PCs
PSS
3100
PSS
3100
VME
PS
3100
PSS
3100
VME VME
PSS
3100BL 1
BL 2
BL 3
BL 32
VME
CAN
D I/0
safe CAN Bus
safe D I/O
14
Local ControlLocal Control System DetailsSystem Details
machine
enable openingfrontend valve
beamdump synchrotron
close radiation shutter duringinjection
personnel safetyPLC (BPSS)
beamline safety PLC
hutches
photon shutter
frontend
components
optical and experimental
components
Cooling
Shutter close/open
Beamdump request
VME crate local beamline
Central BPSS controller
All other BL.PLCs
TCP/IP Ethernet
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA ANKA Beamline Beamline GUIGUI
15
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Frontend Radiation ShutterFrontend Radiation Shutter
Two pairs of end switches are monitored.
Allowed states of Front-end Shutter (FS): open or closed, max. allowed state transition time <10sec.
In case of failure:
If FS close: hutch access is denied
If FS open: beam shutdown is initiated in less than 50 msec
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Hutch Safety InterlockHutch Safety Interlockinside radiation hutch:
electromagnetic door lock
with panic break
preventing hutch access during beam exposure time
16
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
read Input Pattern
Compare μCs ABC in ok?
numb.of readerrors to high?
store Input data Pattern error cond. handling
Safety Application ProgSynchronisation, 3x μC
compare μCs ABC out ok?
WriteOutput data pattern
comparishon Ok?
No
No No
No
diag. timeslices 1 ms
Wait State to def constant cycletime of programm
Cycletime<100ms
BPSS HardBPSS Hard--and Software and Software RedundancyRedundancy
memory
μP (A) Motorola
BUSinterface
BUSS
interfacee μP (B)
Inte
dual portRAM
μP (C)Siemens
memory
dual portRAM
dual portRAM
memory BUSinterface
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
SafetyBusSafetyBus--p* p* Telegram Telegram StructureStructure
SafetyBUS p sender & receiver address
Application counter
layer priority
detects : merging lossrepetion wrong orderinsertion
modification
CAN Telegram
max. 32 Bit safety-relevant data
16 Bitsafe CRC
11 Bit 6 Bit max. 8 Byte 16 Bit 1Bitidentifier DLC user data CRC ACK
*Safety BUS p Club International
17
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Message groups Type of Data
• Status of Safety Components (shutters, hutches )
• Alarms (beam dump) Bit Pattern (DataWord)
• Diagnostics of Safety Components
• Diagnostics PLC (Error Stack) Numbers
CanCan--Interface BPSSInterface BPSS
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
CanCan Interface BPSS DetailsInterface BPSS DetailsPDO* DW Meaning Type of Data Number of Bits ______________________________________________________________________
1 Hutch 1 State Bit Pattern 161 2 Alarm Hutch 1 # #
3 Hutch 2 State # # 4 Alarm Hutch 2 # #
______________________________________________________________________5 Diag. Safety Comp. H1 Bit Pattern 16
2 6 # # #7 # # #8 # # #
______________________________________________________________________ 9 Diag. Safety Comp. H2 Bit Pattern 16
3 10 # # # 11 # # #12 # # #
______________________________________________________________________13 Diag. Safety PLC, Err. Stack Hex 1
4 14 Parameter # #15 Err. Location # #16 - # #
18
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
ANKA BPSS Safe Life ANKA BPSS Safe Life CycleCycleConcept Layer:
Specification Layer:
ANKA safety concept
definition for ring and Beamlines
maintenanceplan
safety validation plan
installationplan
certified safetyE/E/EPS components
safety components other tech-nology
radiation protection measures
installation of system
validation and certification by TUEV
maintenance
end of life cycle
Realisation Layer:
distribution of safety demands
system modificationand upgrade
go to adequate SLC level
risk and reliabilityassessment
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment,, EN 954EN 954--11
safety solution categoryhard - and software classification
S1
S2F1
F2
P1
P2P1
P2
B 1 2 3 4
measure possible but accompanied with additional protection :
measure proportional to the level of risk encountered :
measure of comfort, excessive categories:
S2 irreversible serious injury or fatal injury
Risk Levels:
Severity of the injury: S1 naturally reversible, slight injury
Frequency of exoposure: F1 exposure rare to fairly frequent
F2 exposure frequent to constant
Possibility of avoiding the risk: P1 possible under some conditions
P2 highly unlikely