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MRS. E. PREMILA

THAMIZVANAN

RNRM.,

M.sc(N).,PGDYT.,PGDCA.,(M.B.A)., Ph.D

PRINCIPAL NURSING OFFICER,SCHOOL OF NURSING,

MOTHER THERESA POSTGRADUATE &

RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF HEALTHSCIENCES


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Preschoolers

Preschool children are those aged oneto less than six years.


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The reasons why the under-five needs a special care

They represent a large sector of thetotal population.

They are vulnerable group: as they

undergo physical and mentaldevelopment, which call forpreventive care

High morbidity: from infectious

,nutritional& parasitic diseases High mortality: In developing

countries, 50% of total deaths occuramong under five compared to< 5%

in the developed countries


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Physical characteristics

Children are extremely activeChildren need frequent rest periodsChildrens large muscles are more

developed than those that controlfingers and hands

Eye-hand coordination is still developingChildrens bodies are flexible and

resilientGirls tend to be ahead of boys in

practically all areas of development


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Social characteristics

Most children have one or two best friends,but these friendships change rapidly

Play groups tend to be small andunorganized

Children exhibit many different playbehaviors

Play patterns may vary as a function of socialclass and gender

Quarrels are frequent but short in duration


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Emotional Characteristics

Children tend to express their emotionsfreely and openly

Jealousy among classmates is fairly

common as these children tend to havemuch affection for their teacher andactively seek approval


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Cognitive Characteristics

Many children begin to develop a theoryof mind

Children are becoming quite skillfulwith language

Children may stick to their own rulesin using language

Competence is encouraged by

interaction, interest, opportunities, andsigns of affection


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Physical Assessment

Height

Weight

Head to toe

Present illness


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BRUSHING

BATHING

HAND WASHING

CLEAN CLOTHES

COTTON WEARS

Personal Hygiene


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FOOD PREPARATION FOOD STORAGE

SERVING BALANCED FOOD

Food Hygiene


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COMMON DISEASES

ARIDIARROHEAFEVER

ANAEMIAMALNUTRITIONINJURY

BURNSFRACTURE


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Play

Play as Expression of Feelings

For preschoolers, play is a form ofexpression and communication.

According to Freud, children use play toresolve anxiety and to bringunderstanding to certain experiences.


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Types

Unoccupied behavior

Children do not really play at all; stand aroundand look at others

Solitary play

Children play alone with toys; make no attemptto interact

Onlooker behavior

Children spend most of their time watching others;

may make comments but do not interact


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Types

Parallel play

children play beside but not really withother children

Associative play children engage in rather disorganized

play with other children

Cooperative play children engage in an organized form of

play


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Characteristics of Play

CREATIVITY SHARP

SOFT

CHEMICAL INNOVATIVE

HAND-EYE-MIND CO-ORDINATON

AGE


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CHILD SAFETY

HEAT SHARP

GLASS WARES

ELECTRICITY

WATER

ACCIDENT FORIEGN BODY


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ENVIRONMENTAL

HYGIENEPROPER VENTILATION

LIGHTING

WATER

PROPER DRAINAGEFURNITURE


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YCHOLOGICAL NEED

Ericson Initiative vs. GuiltSOCIAL SMILESOCIAL INTERRACTIONSHARINGRELEVENT EMOTIONAL

FEELINGS

TEACHING


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HIGH RISK CHILDREN

ATTENTION SEEKING

HYPERACTIVITY

DELAYED MILESTONES

HEARING PROBLEMS

VISION PROBLEMS

CONGENITAL PROBLEMS


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Needs of Mothers

REGULAR MEETINGSAWARNNESS ON IMMUNIZATIONUNDER FIVE CLINICFIRST AIDREFFERAL SERVICE


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R YOU !!!

BE ALERTCRITICAL THINKINGDYNAMIC(COMPARE/CRITIQUE)KNOWLEDGE(CURRENT

TREND)


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Knowing is not

enoughWe must apply

Willing is notenough

We must do


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Contact me @

[email protected] Call Me @ 9443484027..

.THANK YOU....

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