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Presented by Professor W. A. Knight, Dr M. Bishop, Dr M. Scobie
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Professor W. A. Knight, Dr M. Bishop, Dr M. Scobie
UWI Institute of International Relations
Caribbean is defined by the Sea and the Ocean
Most territories are (small) islands or share ‘island’ characteristics
Much economic, social and cultural activity is coastal in nature
Caribbean only recently being conceptualised as a vast maritime space, as opposed to collection of insular territories (all islands and territories washed by the Caribbean Sea)
Effective governance essential to cope with threats and seize opportunities, but significant gaps exist
IIR and Diplomatic Academy of Caribbean well-placed
Research capacity in Law of Sea, governance, diplomacy, political economy
Limited research on Ocean governance in and beyond the region currently
Significant potential to impact real-world diplomacy and political action
Many Caribbean territories threatened by climate change
Sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion, coral bleaching, violent weather etc.
Limited influence over global governance of environment
Lack of joined-up policy managing Caribbean Sea at regional level (failure of CARICOM)
Caribbean Sea increasingly important strategically
Shipping of nuclear waste, increased cruise ships, military navigation, oil rigs etc.
Existing modes of development coastal-based and vulnerable
From fishing (food security) to tourism, infrastructure is along coastal areas and relies on sea
Purpose of Project
To map the changing panorama of ocean governance in the Caribbean globally, regionally and domestically; focusing on questions of transhipment, environmental protection, tourism, and generating income from economic activity
Key Questions
How is the Caribbean Sea as a maritime space being regulated? Where are the gaps in governance? Who controls, benefits from - and bears the cost - of prevailing patterns of governance, particularly with regards to economic activity and environmental vulnerability? How are different Caribbean territories and regional organizations responding to this reality?
Research Agenda
Global – situating the Caribbean within global regulatory regimes
Regional – mapping specifically Caribbean regulatory regimes (CARICOM, ACS)
Domestic – comparative study of 5 territories in their ocean governance regimes
Purpose of Project
To investigate the political economy of France’s enormous maritime space both within and beyond the Caribbean (including Martinique, Guadeloupe and French Guiana), Mayotte and Réunion (in the Indian Ocean), French Polynesia and St Pierre et Miquelon. The study focuses on their strategic role in France’s foreign policy, their development challenges, and the myriad governance reforms initiated by Paris in recent years.
Key Questions
Why does France retain such an extensive network of overseas territories over such a vast maritime space? How are their development challenges being met? What are their relationships with the wider regions in which they are located? What are the implications of France’s own governance reform initiatives of recent times? How is their relationship with France being further reshaped by broader reforms within the governance architecture of the European Union?
Trans-Regional Research Agenda
Fieldwork in Paris and Brussels to ascertain contemporary French and EU views of overseas territories, followed by work in Caribbean, Indian Ocean, Polynesia and Atlantic.
Architecture of marine environmental governance in the Caribbean in the context of environmental justice
Caribbean Sea Commission of the Association of Caribbean States
Caribbean Environmental Program
United Nations Environmental Program
The first stage -- overcome cooperation challenges to develop an intermestic institution for scientific and technical work.
The second stage -- adopt actual multilateral policy making mechanisms, and
the third stage -- improve implementation and monitoring of environmental goals/targets
Jörg and VanDeever 2010