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http://www.andor.com/image_lib/lores/introduction/introduction%20(light)/intlight%201%20small.jpg. http://lasp.colorado.edu/cassini/images/Electromagnetic%20Spectrum.jpg. Energy. All matter above 0K emits Rn in the form of waves Some objects absorb and emit Rn in certain l only - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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http://www.andor.com/image_lib/lores/introduction/introduction%20(light)/intlight%201%20small.jpg
http://lasp.colorado.edu/cassini/images/Electromagnetic%20Spectrum.jpg
Energy
All matter above 0K emits Rn in the form of waves
Some objects absorb and emit Rn in certainonly
The of Rn emitted by a surface depends on the temperature (Wien’s Law):
max =
w = constantT = temperature
wT
Energy
The higher the temperature of an object, the greater the rate/intensity of Rn emission (Stefan-Boltzmann Law):
E = T4
E = maximum rate of Rn/second = constantT = temperature
Energy
The amount of Rn striking a surface is inversely related to the square of the distance from the source:
1d2
Energy
• Solar constant 1367 W m2 s-1
Absorbed
Scattered
Reflected
Energy
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Some solar radiationis reflected by the Earth and atmosphere.
Solar radiationpasses throughthe clear atmosphere.
Most radiation is absorbedby the Earth’s surface and warms it.
Infrared radiation is emitted from the Earth’s surface.
Some of the infraredradiation passes throughthe atmosphere, and someis absorbed and re-emittedin all directions by greenhousegas molecules.
The effect of thisis to warm the Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere.
EARTH
ATMOSPHERE
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
i = S(1 – )
i = long-term input, S = solar flux,and = albedo
Radiative equilibrium temperature
S