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Ancient RomeName:_________________________________

ASSIGNMENT GRADE

VOCABULARY QUIZ 1

VOCABULARY QUIZ 2

VOCABULARY QUIZ 3

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VOCABULARY and NOTES

Ancient RomeGeography of Rome

Rome was _________ located in the Mediterranean Basin and ___________ from eastern Mediterranean ______________.

_______________ on the ________________________ pushing out to the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea on its eastern coast.

________________ mountains provided some ________________.

The Mediterranean Sea provided ________________ and sea- borne ___________________ (trade along the sea).

LABEL THE FOLLOWING ON YOUR MAP: The city of Rome, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Italian Peninsula, Carthage, Alps Mountains, Africa, Egypt, Greek (Balkan Peninsula), Aegean Sea

Ancient RomeRoman Mythology

Based on ___________ polytheistic religion

Explanations of _____________________,

______________________, ______________________

GREEK MYTHOLOGY

ROMAN MYTHOLOGY

The Impact of Roman Mythology

Symbols and images in literature and _________________.

Social Structure in the Roman Republic

______________: Powerful Nobility, few in number (Upper

_______________: The majority of the population (Farmers, merchants, traders etc...)

____________: Not based on race, either debt slavery or conquered in war

Ancient Rome

Citizenship in the Roman Republic

Citizens included:

Patrician and plebian ___________.

Selected _________________.

Citizens had __________________________ such as paying taxes and military service.

Features of Democracy in the Roman Republic

______________________ democracy- elected representatives to serve (Women and foreigners were _________________)

Assemblies- comprised of all ______________ citizens to vote

The ______________- Council of 300 nobles that passed all of the laws and handled foreign affairs.

______________- Two leaders chosen from the Senate (1 year terms) with different ____________ such as command of the army.

Law of Rome codified as ___________________________ (written down laws)

The ___________ = 300 Patricians

____________ = 2 Senators that

served 1 year terms

____________ = Plebian Citizens

voting

Ancient Rome

Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.E.

Rome and Carthage were in competition for __________________.

Carthage was the ____________ city in the Mediterranean

A series of ______________wars occurred between Rome and Carthage

During the second war, a Carthaginian general named _______________, crossed the _____________ mountains and invaded the Italian peninsula and established small victories, but was later defeated.

These three wars resulted in Roman _____________, the ___________ of Carthage, and expanded __________________ for Rome.

Beginning of the Roman Empire and Spread of Roman Culture

____________________ eventually begins turning into the _____________________stretching from the Mediterranean __________ (Africa, Asia, Europe, including the _______________world of the Eastern Mediterranean)

Western ______________ (Gaul -Present day France & _________Isles)

Roman __________ Roman __________

Ancient RomeThe Decline of the Roman Republic

Roman Republic went into a _____________ and was replaced by the Roman Empire.

Causes of the decline of the Roman Republic include:

1. Spread of ______________ in the agricultural system

2. Farmers were _____________ and migrated to ___________.

3. Civil war in Rome over the power of _________________.

4. ___________ (loss of worth) of Roman currency which caused inflation

Origin and Evolution of Imperial Rome

Julius Caesar ended the _________________ and began the period of the empire.

He began to seize _____________power of this empire by creating the First ______________________ which was a three person rule.

Caesar later seized total power (became ________) before he was _________________________ by senators on the Ides of March

Civil War to Roman Empire

After his death, a second ___________________ is formed dividing the empire between ____________ Caesar (nephew of Julius), Marc Antony, and Lepidus

Augustus Caesar (nephew of Julius) eventually gains power after a second civil war with _____________________ and becomes Rome’s first ___________________.

Roman _____________- Unified and ____________ using imperial (with an emperor)

authority and the military

HOWEVER, there was a _________________ to provide for _______________________ of Emperors--(leads to the collapse of the Empire)

Ancient Rome

Pax Romana

The Pax Romana was ___________________________ (200 years) of peace and ______________________ under imperial (empire) rule

________________ and solidification of Roman Empire, particularly in the near east

Economic Impact of the Pax Romana

Established uniform system of _______________, which helped to expand trade

Guaranteed safe travel and trade on __________________.

Promoted ___________________________.

Social Impact of the Pax Romana

Returned stability to ___________________.

Increased emphasis on the ________________.

Political Impact of the Pax Romana

Created a _________________.

Developed a _______________ rule of law.

Origins of Christianity

Had its roots in _____________.

Was led by __________ of Nazareth, who was proclaimed the _________.

_______________ with the polytheistic beliefs of Roman Empire

Ancient Rome

Beliefs, Customs and Traditions of Christianity

______________________

Jesus as both the Son and _____________________ (human form) of God

__________________________, containing accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus, as well as writings of early Christians

Christian doctrine established by early ____________________________

Spread of Christianity

____________________ of the message-- Appealed to all people (poor and rich)

Early __________________________ inspired others

Carried by the Apostles, _______________________, throughout the Roman Empire

Impact of the Church of Rome

The Emperor ____________________________ converted to Christianity and made it legal.

Christianity later became the ___________________ state religion

The Church became a source of ______________ authority.

Loyalty to the Church became more important than loyalty to the _____________.

The Church became the main _________________________ of Western Europe.

Ancient Rome

Contributions of Ancient Rome

The __________ - A Roman temple to the gods

Art and Architecture

The ___________ - Flavian Amphitheater

The _____________ - The political and commercial center of Rome

Technology

Roads

Roman ________________

_____________________(structures that carried water to cities)

Ancient Rome

Contributions continued...

Science: ________________________

Medicine: Emphasis on __________________ (public __________; public water system; _____________ schools)

Language: ___________, Romance languages

Literature: Virgil’s _____________.

Religion: Roman ______________; adoption of ____________ as the imperial religion

Law: The principle of “innocent until proven guilty” (from the Twelve Tables)

Decline of the Western Roman Empire

Geographic size- Difficulty of _____________ and administration (hard to ___________________Rome’s borders)

Economy- The _____________________ and the devaluation of Roman currency

Military- Army membership starting to include ____________________, resulting in a decline of discipline

Moral decay- people’s ________________________________ and the family

Political problems- __________________________ and weak administration

Invasion- Attacks on borders by ________________________.

Ancient Rome

Division of the Roman Empire

Moved the capital, by emperor ______________________, from Rome to Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople (Rome was the capital in the ________, Constantinople was the capital in the __________)

Survival of _________________________________________ until 476 C.E., when it ceased to have a __________________ Emperor

____________________ became known as the (Byzantine Empire)