ANCIENT HISTORY of CHINA

Unit #2 – East Asia

Lesson #2

Map Practice

• Check that you did your HW

• Work on practice

• Practice Quiz is tomorrow

Chinese History

1. Time periods divided into “Dynasties”

2. A dynasty is a time of one family in power

3. Chinese believed rules ruled because God willed it.

4. God showed he no longer wanted the family by punishing the whole country

5. That means they lost “the mandate of heaven

Dynasties1. Shang

2. Zhou

3. Qin (Chin)

4. Han **

5. Sui

6. Tang

7. Song

8. Yuan (Mongols)

9. Ming

10.Qing (Ching) (Manchus)

Shi Huandi (First Emperor)

Mongols

Dynastic Cycle (329)

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESPROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTY

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMS

AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair

Dynastic Cycle

Mandate ofHeaven

New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven

GOOD TIMESFair laws

land to peasantsRepair of defensesEconomy Strong

PROBLEMSFloods & natural disasters

Foreign invasionsPeasants suffering increases

Armed bandits roam landPeasants rebel

AGING DYNASTYPublic works projects ignoredWars with foreigners lostTaxes increase – burden falls on poorDefensive walls in state of disrepair

Philosophies & religion

Buddhism (332)

Confucianism (330)

Taoism (Daoism) (331)

Legalism (332)

(Name two significant facts for each)

What most frustrates you?

What would you most like to have, something you don’t

already have?

Is there any way you could just ignore that desire?

If you could refuse to desire more…

If you could not get frustrated

YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA

Buddhism (332)

• Four Noble Truths– Life is suffering – Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures – Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment)

– Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha.

• From India

• No beginning, no end

• Acceptance of everything

• No worldly desires

Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven)

3 Philosophies of China

• Purpose: create order in society

• They are NOT religions

• There are NO gods

• There is NO sacred book

• There is NO discussion of an after-life

3 Philosophies of China

• Confucianism (330)– Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS

• Taoism (Daoism) (331)– Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE

• Legalism (332)– Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE

ConfucianismConfucianism• Creates order in society• Five Key Relationships

– Father to son– Husband to wife – Ruler to followers– Brother to brother– Friend to friend

• Respect for ruler• Care for follower• Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents)• Education, Honesty, Hard Work

K’ung Futse

Describe a Confucius relationship

Taoism

• Tao = “the way”

• Harmony with Nature

• Balanced life

Lao-Tse

Yin & Yang

Describe a Taoist parent

Legalism

• Strict Rules

• Harsh Punishments

• Developed for Qin

(Shi Huang di)

Shang Yang

Describe a Legalistic teacher

Buddhism in Japan

• Not the same as in China

• Called ZEN BUDDHISM

(in China, it was “Ch’en”)

JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS:

• Tea Ceremony

• Tea House

Tea Ceremony

•Ritualized•Run by Tea Master•Matcha Tea (frothy)•Meditation – no talking •Lots of Bowing

Tea House

•On your knees•Simple decorations, quiet•Meditation

Describe Zen Buddhism

Choose two Asian beliefs1. The one you’d most like to live by:

(explain why)

2. The one you least like to live by:(explain why)