Ancient Greece

Peloponnesian Wars & Decline of Ancient Greece

Athens vs. Sparta

Essential Standards

• 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events, issues, individuals and cultural groups.

• 6.G.1Understand geographic factors that influenced the emergence, expansion and decline of civilizations, societies and regions (i.e. Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas) over time.

• 6.E.1Understand how the physical environment and human interaction affected the economic activities of various civilizations, societies and regions.

Clarifying Objectives• 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests and migrations affected

various civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., Mongol invasion, The Crusades, the Peopling of the Americas and Alexander the Great).

• 6.G.1.1 Explain how the physical features and human characteristics of a place influenced the development of civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., location near rivers and natural barriers, trading practices and spread of culture).

• 6.G.1.2 Explain the factors that influenced the movement of people, goods and ideas and the effects of that movement on societies and regions over time (e.g., scarcity of resources, conquests, desire for wealth, disease and trade).

Clarifying Objectives

• 6.E.1.2 Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of civilizations, societies and regions.

Essential Questions• How did invasions between Athens & Sparta in the Greek

Peloponnesian War affect the Ancient Greek Civilization?

• How did the physical features & human characteristics prevent Ancient Greece from uniting?

• What factor contributed to the movement of people (Greeks) in the Peloponnesian War?

• What was the long-term affect of the Peloponnesian War?

• How did the economic choices of the Athenian attack of Sicily affect Athenian’s quality of life?

EOG Questions

Athens & Sparta

• Athens & Sparta were the 2 largest Greek city states in Ancient Greece

• Before the Greco-Persian wars Athens & Sparta had fought for hundreds of years

• They banned together against the Persians to defeat them

Athens & Sparta

• The Athenian Navy & the Spartan Army defeated Xerxes to end the Greco-Persian Wars

• After the Greco-Persian Wars all was good with Athens & Sparta

Athens Gets Greedy

• After the Greco-Persian war instead of getting rid of their powerful Navy & spending the money on other things

• Leader of Athens saw his opportunity

• The factor that motivated him moving to other places was CONQUEST

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer….

• What factor contributed to the movement of people (Greeks) in the Peloponnesian War?

Delian League

• Pericles starts the Delian League

• Delian League was a group of city states that gave money & men to Athens for protection from Ancient Persia

• They would receive protection from a powerful NAVY

Athens Gets Greedy

• With his great Navy Athenian leader Pericles starts sailing around and making smaller Greek city states pay to have Athens protect them

• Pericles of Athens knows that the Persians will no longer attack but he tells other city states that they will

Athens Gets Greedy• The smaller city states agree to

pay Athens for Naval protection

• He goes around convincing the Greek city states that Persia will again attack and they will need protection

• Athens becomes really, really, really rich from all the money they are paid to protect the rest of Greece

Pericles Rebuilds Athens

• With the money Pericles rebuilds Athens into the richest most luxurious city in all of Ancient Greece

• He rebuilds the Parthenon and other temples and makes Athens a center of commerce & trade

Peloponnesian League (Sparta)

• Spartans had their own military league

• Spartans league was called the Peloponnesian League

• They did the same thing for Sparta they would pay Sparta for protection

Switching Teams

• The Spartans problem with Athens was that they were stealing city states that were in the Peloponnesian League and making them join the Delian League

• This was taking away from Sparta & adding to Athens

Megara

• Athens went into to Megara & took it for themselves

• Spartans had had enough

• Spartans fought the Athenians for Megara

• Neither side could gain control so they finally signed a peace treaty

30 Years Peace Treaty

• Athens & Sparta signed a 30 years peace treaty with the two sides agreeing not to attack each other for 30 years

• Athens disobeyed this treaty & attacked Spartan lands again

• Athens began attacking everyone else as well

Athens makes many Enemies

• Athens not only attacked Spartan lands they began attacking other non-Greek lands as well

• Their biggest mistake was making enemies with Macedon

Peloponnesian War Begins

• Sparta had finally had enough and the Peloponnesian War begins

• The Peloponnesian League declares war on the Delian League

• Sparta & Athens begin to fight constantly

Plague Pericles Dies

• In the first year of the Peloponnesian War a plague swept through Athens killing over 30,000 Athenians

• This included their great leader Pericles

Athens makes Bad Decisions

• Many men wanted to lead Athens

• Different men would come to power & make poor decision after poor decision

• The worst decision may have been trying to take Sicily

Taking Sicily

• Sicily was a little island in the Mediterranean Sea which is now part of Italy

• The Athenians wanted that Sicily

• They tried to take it but kept losing ship after ship

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFXJWkEvNgk

• 9:46-10:00

Athenian Quality of Life• The poor decisions of the

Athenians attack on Sicily affect the QUALITY OF LIFE for their citizens

• They spent so much money on the ships to attack Sicily that there was no more money for the Athenian citizens

• Athenian citizens became very poor

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer….

• How did the economic choices of the Athenian attack of Sicily affect Athenian’s quality of life?

Athens Surrenders to Sparta

• Athens had lost almost their entire Navy trying to take Sicily

• The Athenians after making poor decision after poor decision finally surrendered to Sparta

Weakening Each Other

• Sparta didn’t control Ancient Greece for long

• The Peloponnesian War had WEAKENED both sides (Athens & Sparta) so much that it left the door wide open

• With hardly any Navy or Army forces anymore Greece was in trouble

Macedon

• With both Athens & Sparta weakened by each other

• King Phillip of Macedon rode in and CONQORED Ancient Greece

• In the end the LONG TERM AFFECT of the Peloponnesian War was the DECLINE OF ANCIENT GREECE

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer….

• How did invasions between Athens & Sparta in the Greek Peloponnesian War affect the Ancient Greek Civilization?

• What was the long-term affect of the Peloponnesian War?

Important Points

• 6.H.2.1 (Invasions, Conquests, Migrations) Athens wanted to Conquer the rest of Greece and make them join their Delian League

• 6.G.1.1 (Affect of Physical Features) Physical Features prevented Ancient Greek city states from PERMINATLY BANDING TOGETHER

• 6.G.1.2 (Factors of Migration/Movement) Athenians were willing to move to other parts of Greece to CONQUOR them

• 6.E.1.2 (Quality of Life) Poor ECONOMIC choices by the Athenians left their people poor