Ancient Greece

CH 25: Settlement of Greece

25.1 Introduction

1. What are the mountains inGreece like? The mountains in Greece are steep and

rocky.

2. Why was the sea important to the ancient Greeks? The Greeks used the sea to establish

colonies and trade with people from other lands.

25.2 Isolated Communities and the Difficulties of Travel

1. Why were ancient Greek communities isolated from one another?

Ancient Greek communities were isolated from one another because of the mountains, which made travel and communication difficult.

2. What were some of the dangers of travel? Dangers of traveling by land included rocks

that could shatter wooden wheels and attack by bandits. Dangers of travel by sea included attack by pirates, robbery by sailors, and storms that could drive ships into rocks.

25.3 Farming in Ancient Greece

1. List three crops Greek farmers grew and three animals they raised.

Greek farmers grew wheat, barley, grapes, olives, vegetables, fruits, and nuts. They raised sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, and bees.

2. Why did Greek settlements often fight one another?

Greek settlements often fought each other because there was a shortage of land.

25.4 Starting Colonies

1. Why did the Greeks start colonies? Greek communities started colonies because

they needed more farmland to feed their people.

2. Describe the steps the Greeks followed when they started a new colony.

First they consulted an oracle to see if their efforts would be successful.

Next they gathered food and supplies, took a flame from the town’s sacred fire, and began their long sea voyage.

After they found a safe place with good farmland and harbors, they established their community.

25.5 Trading for Needed Goods

1. Why did some Greek settlements trade?

Greeks traded to get goods they needed.

2. What products from the Greek mainland were traded? What products did the Greeks get in exchange?

Olive oil, pottery, and wine from the Greek mainland were traded. In exchange, the Greeks got grain, timber, and metal.