Ancient Greece and Ancient RomeUNIT #2

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:1) Polis: A Greek city-state. The

fundamental political unit of Ancient Greece.

2) Acropolis: A fortified hilltop in an Ancient Greek city.

3) Autonomous: Acting independently, or at least having the freedom to do so.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:4) Monarchy: A government in which power is in

the hands of a single person, usually a King or Queen.

5) Tyrant: In Ancient Greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a city-state’s government by appealing to the poor people for support.

6) Oligarchy: A government in which power is in the hands of a few people – especially one in which rule is based on wealth.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:7) Democracy: A government controlled by

its citizens, either directly or through representatives.

8) Militarism: A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:9) Persian Wars: A series of wars in the 5th century

B.C. in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire.

10) Peloponnesian War: A war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Sparta and its allies – this was a civil war.

11) Delian League: A Confederacy of Ancient Greek states under the leadership of Athens, with headquarters at Delos. This was founded as a result of the Persian Wars.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:12) Philosophy: The study of truth,

knowledge, reality, and existence.

13) The Parthenon: An Ancient Greek temple on the Athenian Acropolis that was dedicated to the goddess Athena.

14) Mythology: A collection of myths, especially one belonging to a particular religious or cultural tradition.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:15) Alexander the Great: King of

Macedonia and a military conqueror who helped spread Greek culture from Asia Minor & Egypt to India.

16) Hellenistic Culture: The period when Greek culture spread in the non-Greek world after Alexander's conquest.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:17) Republic: A form of government in

which power resides in the people, and the government is ruled by elected leaders run according to law.

18) Senate: An assembly or council of citizens having the highest deliberative functions in a government, especially a legislative assembly of a state or nation.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:19) Punic Wars: A series of three wars

fought between Rome and Carthage. At the time, they were probably the largest wars that had ever taken place.

20) Pax Romana: The peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:21) Gladiators: A man, in Ancient Rome,

trained to fight with weapons against other men or wild animals in an arena.

22) Circus Maximus: An ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy.

Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook:23) Roman Empire: The Roman Empire was

the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization. Headed by an Emperor, this is when Rome held large territorial holdings around the known world.