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Ancient AstronomyAncient AstronomySun/Moon/Earth
Phases
Eclipses
Solar
Lunar
Planets
Retrograde
Prograde
Heliocentric
Geocentric
Phases of the Moon
New MoonCan’t be seen.
Rises with the sun.Sets with the sun.
Bright sky and glare prevent it from being seen.
Conjunction
Conjunction
+
+
Waxing Crescent
The moon rises in the morning.
It follows the sun through the day.People notice it as the sun sets.
Waxing Crescent
Follows the Sun CloselyRises in the MorningSets in the EveningUp Most of the Day
and Some of the Evening
Waxing Crescent
Follows Further BehindWider Crescent
Rises LaterSets Later
Up Less DayMore Night
Waxing Crescent
Waxing Crescent
Terminator Limb
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter
Looks Half FullCalled 1st Quarter¼ Cycle Complete
Rises at NoonSets at MidnightUp Half the Day
and Half the Night
Waxing Gibbous
Waxing Gibbous
More than Half FullRises in the Afternoon
Sets after MidnightUp Some of the Day
but More of the Night
Waxing Gibbous
Wider GibbousFarther from Sun
Rises Later in the AfternoonSets Later at Night
Up Less DayMore Night
Waxing Gibbous
Waxing Gibbous
Waxing Gibbous
Waxing Gibbous
Full Moon
Looks Full a Few Nights in a Row
Only Full One NightRises as the Sun SetsSets as the Sun Rises
Opposite the SunOpposition
Opposition
+
Waning Gibbous
Less FullStill More than HalfRises in the EveningSets in the MorningMoon Ahead of SunUp Mostly at Night
but Some of the Day Too
Waning Gibbous
Less FullRises LaterLess NightMore Day
Closer to Sun
Waning Gibbous
Waning Gibbous
Waning Gibbous
3rd Quarter
Looks Half FullCalled 3rd Quarter¾ Cycle CompleteRises at Midnight
Sets at NoonUp Half the Nightand Half the Day
Waning Crescent
Less than HalfRises After MidnightSets in the AfternoonUp Some of the Night
but Mostly Day
Waning Crescent
Thinner CrescentRises LaterSets Later
Up Less Nightand More Day
Waning Crescent
Waning Crescent
Waning Crescent
Waning Crescent
Waning Crescent
Data FirstNow a Model
Moon Receives Light from Sun
Just Like Earth
Data FirstNow a Model
Moon is a Sphere
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earth
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earth
can’t see
conjunctionnew moon
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earth
crescent
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earthfirst quarter
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earth
gibbous
Sun Illuminates Earth and Moon
Su
n
Moon Orbits Earth
full
opposition
Sun Illuminates Earth and MoonMoon Orbits Earth
Sun Farther Away
Sun Illuminates Earth and MoonMoon Orbits Earth
Sun Farther Away
Sun Illuminates Earth and MoonMoon Orbits Earth
Sun Farther Away
Aristarchus
Sun 20 Times FartherSun and Moon Look the
Same SizeAccording to Solar
EclipsesSun 20 Times BiggerSun Really 400 Times
Farther and 400 Times Bigger
Sun Much Farther Away and Much Bigger
Ancient AstronomyAncient AstronomySun/Moon/Earth
Phases
Eclipses
Solar
Lunar
Planets
Retrograde
Prograde
Heliocentric
Geocentric
