ANCD Presentation - Indonesian

8/7/2019 ANCD Presentation - Indonesian

1/23

AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL

COUNCIL ON DRUGS


2/23

ANCD Membership 2007-2010

Chair: DR JOHN HERRON ANCD Chairperson

Executive members: COMMISSIONER TONY NEGUS Australian Federal Police PROFESSOR MARGARET HAMILTON Former Chair, Multiple & Complex Needs Panel, VIC

MR GARTH POPPLE Executive Director: We Help Ourselves, NSW

A/PROF ROBERT ALI Director, Clinical Services: Drug & Alcohol Services Council, SA


3/23

ANCD Membership 2007-2010

MR DAVID CROSBIE

CEO, Mental Health Council of Australia, ACT MAGISTRATE JEFF LINDEN Magistrate, NSW

PROFESSOR RICHARD MATTICK Director, National Drug & Alcohol Research Centre

PROF TONI MAKKAI Dean, Arts and Social Sciences, Australian National University

MR DAVID MCGRATHChair: Intergovernmental Committee on Drugs

PROFESSOR IAN HICKIE Brain and Mind Institute

MS SHEREE VERTIGANAustralian Secondary Principals Association

MS TAMARA MACKEAN Centre for Aboriginal Medical and Dental Health, Uni of WA

MS COURTNEY MORCOMBE Ernst & Young

JOSEPHINE BAXTER Drug Free Australia

A/PROF TED WILKES National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University

DR DENNIS YOUNG

Executive Director: Drug Arm, QLDAdvisors:

Mr Simon Cotterell Department of Health & Ageing

Supt Tony Biggin Victoria Police (Police Commissioners Committee Rep)

Ms Donna Ah Chee - Central Australia Aboriginal Congress

Mr Nick Heath - Hobart City Council


4/23

Advisory structure for the

National Drug Strategy

PRIME MINISTER

AUSTRALIAN NATIONALCOUNCIL ON DRUGS

ASIA PACIFIC DRUG

ISSUES COMMITTEE

MINISTERIAL COUNCIL ON DRUGSTRATEGY

OF

SUBSTANCE

ANCD/IGCD JOINTEXECUTIVE

NATIONAL INDIGENOUS DRUG

AND ALCOHOL COMMITTEE

INTERGOVERNMENTALCOMMITTEE ON DRUGS

NATIONALEXPERT

ADVISORYPANEL


5/23

www.ancd.org.au


6/23

Of Substance

National Drug & Alcohol Magazine

www.ofsubstance.org.au


7/23

Supply

Reduction

Demand

Reduction

Harm

Reduction

Australias

National Drug StrategyHarm Minimisation

Australias Response


8/23

Australian drug use trends

National Drug Strategy Household Survey, 2007

Drugs used in the past year, Australia, 1993-2007


9/23Australian Bureau of Statistics

Number of accidental deaths due to opioids among those

aged 15 - 54 years (1988 2005) in Australia


10/23

Value of treatment purchase

Rydell et al (1996)

Program

Focus

Source

country

Interdiction

Programs

Domestic

Enforcement

Treatment

Cost of reducingconsumption of drugsby 1% ($ million/year)

783 366 246 34

Cost relative totreatment

23.0 10.8 7.3 1.0

Provided by NDARC


11/23

HIV prevalence in injecting drug users

World Health Organization Western Pacific Region


12/23

Return of NSP investment

Total investments (2000-2009) = $243 million

Estimated HIV cases prevented = 32,050

Estimated HCV cases prevented = 96,667

For every $1 invested in NSPs, $4 was saved in

healthcare costs

For every $1 invested in NSPs, $27 was saved

in health care costs and lost productivity

Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing


13/23

PORTUGAL Case Study

On July 1, 2001, a nationwide law in Portugal took effect that

decriminalized all drugs, including cocaine and heroin. Under the

new legal framework, all drugs were decriminalized, not

legalized.

Thus, drug possession for personal use and drug usage itself are

still legally prohibited, but violations of those prohibitions are

deemed to be exclusively administrative violations and are

removed completely from the criminal realm. Drug trafficking

continues to be prosecuted as a criminal offense.

Ref: Cato Institute


14/23

Conclusion

None of the fears of Portuguese decriminalization has come to fruition, whereasmany of the benefits predicted by drug policymakers have been realized.

While drug addiction, usage, and associated pathologies continue to rise in many EUstates, those problems have been either contained or measurably improved withinPortugal since 2001.

By removing the fear of prosecution and imprisonment for drug usage, Portugal has

dramatically improved its ability to encourage drug addicts to avail themselves oftreatment. The resources that were previously devoted to prosecuting andimprisoning drug addicts are now available to provide treatment programs to addicts.

Those developments, have dramatically improved drug related social ills, includingdrug-caused mortalities and drug-related disease transmission although it is noted

that treatment is not voluntary.

Drug policymakers in the Portuguese government are virtually unanimous in theirbelief that decriminalization has enabled a far more effective approach to managingPortugals addiction problems and other drug-related afflictions.

Ref: Cato Institute


15/23

Australia Illicit Drug Diversion Initiative

In Australia the number of people in prison has continued to rise.

A significant proportion of prisoners have substance misuse and dependence

problems that contributes to their criminal activity.

The average annual cost for a prisoner ranges up to $80,000 per year

The average annual cost for treatment in a residential rehabilitation centre is

less than $30,000 per year,

The average annual cost for non-residential treatment such as methadone

and buprenorphine, counselling etc is even less

In response to increasing international and national evidence on the benefits and

effectiveness of treating offenders with drug use problems rather than imprisoning

them in 1998 the Australian Government announced the National Illicit Drug

Diversion Initiative as one of its major investments to address drug use


16/23

Police cautioningor apprehension

Diversion

(either court orcommunity based

system)

Drug education

Treatment

Non

complianceAssessment

Criminaljustice/court

Partnerships between Law Enforcement, Health, Government & NGO


17/23

Diversion Initiative Details

Participation in the Drug Diversion Initiative is not compulsory -offenders are given the option of appearing in court, or choosing toundergo assessment for the purposes of receiving treatment for theirdrug problem.

If offenders choose to undergo assessment, the diversion processbecomes compulsory in order for them to expiate their offence. Thetreatment episode will not be more onerous than the equivalent courtobligations.

The initiative is premised on drug users expiating their offence byengaging in treatment and rehabilitation as recommended by theirassessment. One effect of expiation is that often no criminal

conviction is recorded for that particular offence.


18/23

Some Diversion Program Results

The saving of 18,000 hours of police time, the saving of $400,000 in police costs

and an estimated saving of $800,000 for local courts just from the CannabisCautioning Police Diversion Program in New South Wales. In just 3 years of

operation;

Participants in the NSW MERIT program (a court based diversion program)

being far less likely to re-offend than those who did not complete the program;

Conservative cost estimates of the NSW MERIT program suggested that more

than twice the amount spent was saved;

Queensland participants in the police illicit drug diversion program reporting

increased employment and improved physical and mental health;

Victorian Drug Court participants reporting full-time employment increasing

from 11% to 25% after six months;

South Australian Police Diversion participants reporting a 40% decline in drug

related offending with similar declines being reported across the country.


19/23

Drug prevention strategies

Drug prevention strategies: Drug prevention inthe family

Drug prevention strategies: Drug prevention in

the school setting

Drug prevention strategies: Drug prevention inthe community

http://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention
http://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_family.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_family.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_school_.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_school_.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_communi.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_communi.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_preventionhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_preventionhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_communi.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_communi.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_school_.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_school_.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_family.htmlhttp://www.druginfo.adf.org.au/druginfo/fact_sheets/drug_prevention/drug_prevention_in_the_family.html


20/23


21/23

Barack Obama: Rolling Stone Interview

"Anybody who sees the devastating impact of the drug trade in

the inner cities, or the methamphetamine trade in ruralcommunities, knows that this is a huge problem. I believe inshifting the paradigm, shifting the model, so that we focus more

on a public-health approach...

The point is that if we're putting more money into education, intotreatment, into prevention and reducing the demand side, thenthe ways that we operate on the criminal side can shift. I would

start with nonviolent, first-time drug offenders. The notion that weare imposing felonies on them or sending them to prison, where

they are getting advanced degrees in criminality, instead ofthinking about ways like drug courts that can get them back on

track in their lives it's expensive, it's counterproductive, and itdoesn't make sense.


22/23

Albert Einstein

"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, morecomplex, and more violent. It takes a touch ofgenius -- and a lot of courage -- to move in the

opposite direction."

Confucian Proverb

Insanity is doing the same thing in the same way

and expecting a different outcome


23/23

THANK YOU

www.ancd.org.au
http://www.ancd.org.au/http://www.ancd.org.au/

Documents

ANCD Presentation - Indonesian