1

ANATOMY OF BROWN COUNTY: A TRAFFIC SAFETY SUMMARY

DID YOU KNOW…

An individual is killed or seriously injured in a crash in Brown County every 3 ½ days?

2

THE PLACE

Section Summary

Brown County is the center of a metropolitan area with a population of over 300,000 persons. Principal routes include USH 41, I-43, STH 172 east of I-41, STH 57, and STH 29 east of I-43 and west of STH 57. The county is in the top ten counties for VMT, miles of roads, miles of local roads, and number of registered vehicles. The county is in the bottom ten counties for miles of highway per VMT, miles of highway per capita, miles of state highways per VMT, miles of state highways per capita, miles of county highways per capita, and miles of local roads per capita. Brown County is among the top ten counties for urban population, urbanized area, percent of the county’s population that is urban, and percent of the county’s area that is urban.

Urbanization Brown County is the center of the Green Bay metropolitan area, and it is adjacent to the Appleton metropolitan area and the Shawano and Manitowoc urban clusters. The county population is largely urban, with 85.51% of Brown County residents living in urban areas. 20.35% of the area of the county is urban.1 The Oneida Nation of Wisconsin is also located in western Brown County and neighboring Outagamie County. Road Network The northern terminus of Interstate Highway 43 is in the village of Howard. I-43 carries traffic along the coast of Lake Michigan to Milwaukee via Manitowoc and Sheboygan. Within Brown County, it travels through Green Bay, Bellevue, and Denmark. I-41 begins at the same point as I-43, and heads south toward Appleton and Oshkosh via Green Bay, Ashwaubenon, and De Pere. United States Highway (USH) 41 is concurrent with I-41. North of Howard, USH 41 travels through Suamico on its way to Oconto and Marinette. USH 141 begins south of Bellevue at I-43 and runs north, carrying traffic to Iron Mountain, Michigan, via Bellevue, Green Bay, Howard, and Suamico. In Green Bay, USH 141 travels along Main Street, Dousman Street, N Broadway, Mather Street and Velp Avenue. USH 141 is concurrent with US 41 through Howard and Suamico. To the north of Green Bay, State Trunk Highway (STH) 57 is an expressway carrying traffic toward Sturgeon Bay. While in Green Bay, STH 57 runs along Monroe Avenue and University Avenue. To the south, STH 57 travels through Allouez and De Pere on its way to Chilton. STH 57 is concurrent with STH 32 entering the county from the south to De Pere, in which it diverges from STH 32. STH 32 travels north through Ashwaubenon, Green Bay, Howard, Hobart, and Pulaski.

1 United States Census Bureau. “Percent urban and rural in 2010 by state and county.” Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/ua/urban-rural-2010.html

3

To the west of I-41, STH 29 is an expressway that carries traffic west toward the Wausau, Eau Claire, and the Minneapolis-St. Paul areas. East of I-41, STH 29 travels through downtown Green Bay and then through Bellevue on its way to Kewaunee. STH 29 and STH 32 are co-signed west of I-41 through Howard the along the village boundary of Hobart. STH 172 is a freeway from I-43 in Bellevue to I-41 in Ashwaubenon. To the west of I-41, STH 172 travels by the Austin Straubel International Airport located in Hobart and Ashwaubenon. STH 54 travels through Hobart and Green Bay. To the west, it travels to Black Creek, New London, and Waupaca, and to the west it carries traffic toward Luxemburg and Algoma. STH 96 begins at I-43 in Denmark and travels west through Wrightstown toward Kaukauna. STH 160 begins at STH 32 in Pulaski and heads west toward STH 29. Miles of Roadway There are 2,335 miles of roadway in the county, including 185 (7.9%) miles of state roads, 361 (15.5%) miles of county roads, 1,784 (76.4%) miles of local roads, and five miles of another type.2 Vehicle Registrations and Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) In 2016, there were 96,325 autos, 15,007 cycles, 27,216 trailers, and 129,413 trucks registered in Brown County.3 VMT in 2016 was 2,516,634,485.4

2 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. “County Maps.” Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/Pages/travel/road/hwy-maps/county-maps/default.aspx 3 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. “Facts and Figures 2016, Vehicles Registered by County.” Accessed Nov. 6, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/about-wisdot/newsroom/statistics/factsfig/vehregcounty.pdf 4 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. “2016 Vehicles Miles of Travel (VMT) by County.” Accessed Nov. 6, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/projects/data-plan/veh-miles/vmt2016-c.pdf

FIGURE 1: TRAFFIC VOLUME ON THE STATE TRUNK NETWORK BROWN COUNTY, WI

0 73.5Miles

Traffic Volume (Measured in Daily Vehicle-Miles Traveled)

0 - 1010210103 - 2020320204 - 3030530306 - 4040640407 - 5050850509 - 6060960610 - 7071170712 - 80812

Map produced by Evan MoormanBureau of Transportation Safety (BOTS)Data from the Wisconsin DOT w/basemaps from ESRI (2017)

5

Inter-County Commuting Flows

As seen below in Figure 2, the vast majority of workers who reside in Brown County also work in Brown County, and vice versa.

FIGURE 2: COMMUTING FLOWS AMONG COUNTIES

Workers who Reside in Brown County Work in: People who Work in Brown County Reside in:

Brown County 112,914 Brown County 112,914 Outagamie County 4,334 Outagamie County 8,050 Kewaunee County 1,624 Oconto County 7,471 Winnebago County 1,205 Kewaunee County 3,271 Manitowoc County 1,156 Shawano County 2,771 Calumet County 609 Manitowoc County 1,858 Oconto County 518 Winnebago County 1,320 Shawano County 428 Calumet County 1,309 Door County 398 Marinette County 877 Marinette County 292 Door County 862 Sheboygan County 261 Waupaca County 311 Milwaukee County 175 Sheboygan County 257 Dane County 121 Milwaukee County 192 Marathon County 168 Dane County 105 Others 1,271 Others 3,014

5

5United States Census Bureau. 2009-2013 5-Year American Community Survey Commuting Flows. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/commuting/commuting-flows.html Accessed Sept. 29, 2017.

6

Commuting Flows between Municipalities (Top 15)

As seen below in Figure 3, the most common commuting flow between two different municipalities is from a residence in Green Bay to a place of work in Ashwaubenon.

FIGURE 3: COMMUTING FLOWS BETWEEN MUNICIPALITIES (TOP 15)

Residence Place of Work Number

Green Bay Ashwaubenon 8,077

Howard Green Bay 3,814

Bellevue Green Bay 3,533

De Pere Green Bay 3,219

Green Bay De Pere 3,145

Ashwaubenon Green Bay 2,772

Allouez Green Bay 2,719

Suamico Green Bay 2,381

Green Bay Howard 2,044

Green Bay Bellevue 2,043

De Pere Ashwaubenon 1,991

Howard Ashwaubenon 1,700

Ledgeview (Town) Green Bay 1,210

Green Bay Allouez 1,169

Hobart Green Bay 954 6

6 United States Census Bureau. 2009-2013 5-Year American Community Survey Commuting Flows. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/commuting/commuting-flows.html Accessed Oct. 5, 2017.

7

THE POPULATION The population of Brown County—about 257,000 individuals—is dispersed over almost 24 jurisdictions (the largest city in the county, the city of Green Bay, comprises about 40% of this total with a population of 105,000).

FIGURE 4: POPULATION OF BROWN COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES (2016)

With only a few exceptions, most jurisdictions in the county—including the largest city of Green Bay—are gaining population, with most places experiencing relative increases of between 2 and 10% (in the images, the measure of absolute population change merely shows the raw population changes between 2010 and 2016, while the measure of relative population change weights such absolute changes by the base population figures of 2010).7 No clear geographical pattern emerges regarding population change, with growth spread fairly evenly through the county.

7 The highlighted jurisdiction in the image shows the two jurisdictions that are growing fastest and the two jurisdictions growing the slowest.

City of De Pere, 24,893 City of Green Bay,

105,139

Town of Eaton, 1,591

Town of Glenmore, 1,139

Town of Green Bay, 2,104

Town of Holland, 1,561 Town of …

Town of Lawrence, 5,037 Town of Ledgeview, 7,813

Town of Morrison, 1,610

Town of New Denmark, 1,571

Town of Pittsfield, 2,731 Town of Rockland, 1,822

Town of

Scott, 3,738

Town of Wrightstown, 2,294

Village of Allouez, 13,896

Village of Ashwaubenon, 17,274

Village of Bellevue, 15,524

Village of Denmark, 2,210

Village of Hobart, 8,599

Village of Howard, 19,410

Village of Pulaski, 3,330

Village of Suamico, 12,588

Village of Wrightstown, 3,179

8

FIGURE 5 8: POPULATION PYRAMIDS (BROWN COUNTY ABOVE AND STATE BELOW)

Population Trends

Between 2010 and 2016, the county’s population increased slightly (by about 3.2%). Overall, the population of Brown County is somewhat younger than the state (the median age of the county is 36.8, while the comparable figure for the state is 39). In comparison to the state, the county is home to a somewhat higher percentage of children and teenagers and a lower percentage of elderly individuals.

8 United States Census Bureau. “Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status.” 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017.

VillageofAshwaubenon,1.8%

Village of Allouez,

-0.6% Village ofBellevue, 6.5%

Village of Denmark, 4.1%

City of De

Pere, 4.6

% Town ofEaton, 5.5%

Town ofGlenmore, 0.4%

CityofGreenBay,1%

Town

ofGr

een

Bay,

3.4%

Vill a

geof

H oba

r t,39

. 1%

To w n o fH o l l a n d , 2 . 8 %

Village ofHoward, 11.6%

Town ofHumboldt, 2.8%

Town ofLawrence, 17.6%

Town ofLedgeview, 19.2%

Town ofMorrison, 0.7%

Town of NewDenmark, 1.9%

Town ofPittsfield, 4.7%

Village of Pulaski, 0.3%

TownofRockland,5.1%

Townof

Scott,5

.4%

Village ofSuamico, 10.9%

Village of Wrightstown,

18.8%Town of

Wrightstown, 3.3%

FIGURE 6: ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE POPULATION CHANGES BROWN COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES (2010-2016)

Produced by E. Moorman, Bureau of Transportation Safety and the Division of State Patrol, Data from ESRI and the US Census Bureau, 2016

0 10 205Miles

Relative Population Changes

Lowest

Highest

Absolute Population Changes

Lowest

Highest

Village of Allouez, -79Village of

Ashwaubenon, 311

Village of Bellevue, 954

Village of Denmark, 87

City of De Pere,

1,093

To w n o fE a to n , 8 3

Town o fGle nmore , 4

City of Green Bay, 1,082

Town

ofGr

een

Bay,

69

Vi llag

eofHo

bart, 2

,417

Town of Holland, 42

Village ofHoward, 2,011

Town ofHumboldt, 37

Town

ofLa

w re n

ce, 75 3 Town of

Ledgeview, 1,258

Town ofMorrison, 11

Town of NewDenmark, 30

Town ofPittsfield, 123

Village of Pulaski, 9

TownofRockland,88

Townof

Scott,1

93

Village ofSuamico, 1,242

Village of Wrightstown,

503

Town ofWrightstown, 73

10

The Economy

Section Summary The unemployment rate in Brown County has been, on average, 0.5% lower than that of the state over the last decade. The county has a fairly typical distribution for types of occupations and types of industries.

FIGURE 7: EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATION (BROWN ON TOP AND THE STATE BELOW) 9

9 United States Census Bureau. “Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status.” 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017.

33.4%

16.9%

24.6%

8.0%

17.1%Management, business,science, and arts

Service

Sales and office

Natural resources,construction, andmaintenanceProduction, transportation,and material moving

34.5%

17.0%

23.1%

8.5%

16.9%

Management, business,science, and arts occupations

Service occupations

Sales and office occupations

Natural resources,construction, and maintenanceoccupations

Production, transportation,and material movingoccupations

11

FIGURE 8: EMPLOYED POPULATION BY INDUSTRY (BROWN ON TOP AND STATE BELOW)

10

10 United States Census Bureau. “Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status.” 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_15_5YR_DP03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017.

1.8%

5.3%

18.3%

3.2%

11.7%

6.1%

1.6%

7.0%

7.6%

20.9%

9.1%

4.1%

3.3%

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Transportation and warehousing, and utilities

Information

Finance and insurance, and real estate

Professional, scientific, and management

Educational services, and health care and social assistance

Arts/recreation, accommodation, and food services

Other services, except public administration

Public administration

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

2.5%

5.3%

18.5%

2.7%

11.3%

4.3%

1.7%

6.1%

8.1%

23.3%

8.7%

4.2%

3.5%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Transportation and warehousing, and utilities

Information

Finance and insurance, and real estate

Professional, scientific, and management

Educational services, and health care and social assistance

Arts/recreation, accommodation, and food services

Other services, except public administration

Public administration

12

FIGURE 9: UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, BROWN COUNTY AND WI, 2007-2016

11

11 United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics. “Labor Force Data by County,” annual averages. https://www.bls.gov/lau/#tables Accessed Sept. 29, 2017.

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Brown County 4.6% 4.6% 7.7% 7.9% 7.2% 6.6% 6.2% 4.9% 4.1% 3.7%Wisconsin 4.9% 4.9% 8.6% 8.7% 7.8% 7.0% 6.7% 5.4% 4.6% 4.1%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

6.0%

7.0%

8.0%

9.0%

10.0%

13

ALCOHOL RISK FACTORS Section Summary Sixty-two percent of licensees have liquor for sale for consumption on site. Thirty-eight percent of licenses are in Green Bay, 11% are in Ashwaubenon, 10% are in De Pere, and 14% are in towns.

FIGURE 10: ALCOHOL BEVERAGE LICENSES BY JURISDICTION, BROWN COUNTY

12 Establishments within a municipality but outside the county are not included in the table.

13

12 Wisconsin Department of Revenue. Oct. 4, 2017. “WI Liquor Licenses 2017-18.” 13 Wisconsin Department of Revenue. “Liquor License Report, Liquor License Codes.” https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/OnlineServices/liqlicrpt.aspx. Accessed Oct. 25, 2017.

Allo

uez

Ashw

aube

non

Belle

vue

De P

ere

Denm

ark

Gree

n Ba

y

Hoba

rt

How

ard

Pula

ski

Suam

ico

Wrig

htst

own

Tow

ns

Tota

l (By

Liq

. Lic

ense

)

AB or AC 1 12 3 9 22 2 5 3 57

AL or ALB 6 4 16 12 3 45 15 1 4 3 14 123 BB or CW 15 6 4 1 15 5 4 5 55 BL or BLB 13 38 17 39 6 162 4 28 8 12 4 67 398 Others 1 2 2 1 6 Total (By Municipality)

20 70 42 64 10 246 4 50 14 22 7 90 639

CODE DESCRIPTION AB Beer for sale off site (convenience stores, grocery stores) AC Cider for sale off site (convenience stores, grocery stores) AL Liquor for sale off site (drug stores, wineries) ALB Beer, wine, or liquor for sale off site BB Beer for sale on site or off site BL Liquor for sale on site (winery) BLB Beer or liquor for sale on site (taverns, supper clubs) CW Wine for sale on site (restaurants) (usually in conjunction with BB)

14

FIGURE 10.2: ALCOHOL LICENSES IN BROWN COUNTY BY MUNICIPALITY

FIGURE 11: ALCOHOL BEVERAGE LICENSES BY TYPE, 2017-2018 (BROWN COUNTY ON THE LEFT, STATE ON THE RIGHT)

Allouez3% Ashwaubenon

11%

Bellevue7%

De Pere10%

Denmark2%

Green Bay38%

Hobart1%

Howard8%

Pulaski2%

Suamico3%

Wrightstown1%

Towns14%

AB or AC9%

AL or ALB19%

BB or CW9%

BL or BLB62%

Others1%

AB or AC7%

AL or ALB18%

BB or CW11%BL or BLB

63%

Others1%

15

HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE

Injury-to-Death Ratios

Injury-to-death ratios are computed by dividing the total number of crash injuries by the crash fatalities. Higher rates are positive in that fatalities comprise a smaller percentage of crash victims. In general, higher rates are found in the state’s urbanized southeastern and south-central regions and the Fox Valley, where crashes are more likely to occur in more developed areas (and thus at slower speeds). In rural areas, the converse is true (highways and county roads predominate, with crashes occurring at higher average speeds). Generally, rural areas also suffer from a relative lack of proximate hospitals and emergency response services, which means that some crashes which would be survivable in urban areas correspond to fatalities in more rural areas.

Figure 12 shows the injury-to-death ratios for Wisconsin counties. Between 2012 and 2017, Brown County reported an above-average (better) injury-to-death ratio than the state generally (102.1 vs. 73.1).

Hospital and EMT Access

As can be seen in Figure 13, Brown County is well-served by hospitals as it is the site of two level II trauma centers, a level III trauma center, and a level IV trauma center. Other hospitals surround the county’s edges.14 The closest level I trauma center is located about 100 miles to the south in Milwaukee.

Brown County maintains 11 different emergency providers (listed below). These companies employ 655 emergency personnel. Consequently, the county is the site of 2.56 emergency response personnel per 1,000 residents. This is significantly lower than the state figure of 4.02 emergency response personnel per 1,000 residents.

14 The trauma capacities of hospitals are rated on a I-IV scale, with some remaining unrated; Level I hospitals have the greatest capacity.

Menominee,80

K en osha ,9 9. 6

Wa lw or th ,3 9. 1

Waukesha,101

M i l w a u k e e ,1 4 7 . 1

Gree

nLa

ke,53

.5

W innebago,153.1

Fo ndd u L ac , 53 .5

S h e b o y g a n ,5 4 . 3

O z a u k e e ,8 4 . 4

Waushara,22.7

Outagamie,103.2

Crawford, 40.2La Crosse

, 115.1

Pepin, 71

Wash

ington

, 83

.3

R oc k ,8 0 .1

Buffa

lo,41

Iron,

15.3

Clark,

27.9

I o w a ,4 3 . 5

Marqu

ette,

25.1

Jefferson,56.4

Calum

et,68

.5

Dou

glas

,58

.3

Oconto,24.3

Ke wa un e e,4 4 .9

Junea

u,30.5

Oneida,40.2Polk,30.3

Pierce,21.8

Florence,29.4

Adam

s,54.3Tre

mpea

leau,

41.7

Vernon,26.2

Wood,55.6

Rusk,87

S a w y e r,3 3 . 1

Dunn

,33

.7

Vilas,32.5

Langlade,33

EauClaire,98.3

Racine,123.6

Taylor,35.6

Monroe,55.5

Bayf

i el d

,24

.3

Marinette,43.4

Chippewa,44.1

Dane,102.9

Wash

burn,

40.4

Richla

nd,

29.3

Jackson,45.8

Waupaca,36.9

Green,45.7

D o or ,

6 9. 9

Price

,37.2Burnett,24

Ashla

nd,3

4.8

Columbia,35.5

Sauk,61.1

Barron,50.3

St.Croix,43.7

Grant,40.4

Shawano,31.9

Lafayette,43.8

Brow

n,10

2.1

M a n i t o w o c ,6 1 . 8

Portage,71.1

M a r a t h o n ,5 4 . 1

Fores

t,17.6

Dodge,40.8

Lincoln,35.3

Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, andthe GIS user community

FIGURE 12: INJURY TO FATALITY RATIOS FOR WISCONSIN COUNTIES (2012-2017)

Injury to Fatality Ratios15.3 - 27.928.0 - 37.2

37.3 - 45.845.9 - 61.8

61.9 - 87.087.1 - 153.0

0 10050Miles

Prepared by Evan Moorman, 2017Bureau of Transportation Safety, Division of State Patrol

Data from WisTransPortal and ESRI

Bellin

Mem

orial

Bellin

Mem

orial

Hospi

talHo

spital

Level

IIILe

vel III

Aurora BaycareMedical CenterLevel IISt Vincent

HospitalLevel II

Theda ClarkMedical CenterLevel II

Aurora MedicalCenter-Two RiversLevel III

Holy Family MemorialMedical CenterLevel III

HSHS St ClareMemorial HospitalLevel III

St ElizabethHospitalLevel III

AppletonMedical CenterLevel III

Ministry Door CountyMedical CenterLevel IV

St Mary'sHospitalLevel IV

ShawanoMedical CenterLevel IV

FIGURE 13: BROWN COUNTY FATALITIES AND SERIOUS INJURIES (2014-2017) WITH MAP OF HOSPITALS

Trauma Center LevelsLevel I

Level II

Level III

Level IV

Unclassified

Number of Fatalitiesand Serious Injuries

Lower

Higher

18

FIGURE 14: NUMBER OF EMT PERSONNEL/JURISDICTION 15

Primary address county name Service License Level Service Name

Number of Personnel

Brown Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

Bellevue (Village Of) Fire and Rescue 27

Brown Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

Village of Howard Fire Department 18

Brown Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

Lawrence-Town of First Responders 15

Brown Paramedic Green Bay Metro Fire Department 200

Brown Paramedic Ashwaubenon Public Safety 77 Brown Paramedic New Para-Medic Rescue Inc 61 Brown Paramedic De Pere Fire Rescue 36

Brown Paramedic with Critical Care Endorsement Aegis Group Inc. 161

Brown Paramedic with Critical Care Endorsement County Rescue Services Inc. 45

Brown Paramedic with Critical Care Endorsement

Express Air Medical Transport 11

Brown TEMS TEAM County Rescue Services TEMS Unit 4

15 Department of Health Services, 2017, Received through Happel, C.

19

FIGURE 14.2: NUMBER AND LEVEL OF EMERGENCY RESPONDERS PER JURISDICTION

20

THE CRASHES

The state of Wisconsin, in a months-long process, solicited input from a diverse variety of stakeholders to create the most recent version of our Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP), a document that guides investment and safety decisions for three years. The plan has ten different issue areas. General crash-related statistics for Brown County are listed below, and then facts and figures are organized to correspond with these ten issue areas.

GENERAL CRASH-RELATED STATISTICS

FIGURE 15: NUMBERS OF CRASHES AND PERSONS INVOLVED IN CRASHES, BY MOST SEVERE INJURY

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012-2016

Average

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Cras

hes

Pers

ons

Fatality 12 13 9 9 9 9 12 15 15 18 11.4 12.8

Incapacitating Injury

99 116 88 104 73 98 73 87 74 89 81.4 98.8

Non-Incapacitating Injury

357 443 339 431 311 383 355 449 349 442 342.2 429.6

Possible Injury

567 835 584 859 644 903 600 905 651 919 609.2 884.2

No Apparent Injury

2,506 6,765 2,646 6,936 2,819 7,352 2,699 6,967 2,773 7,293 2,688.6 7,062.6

Totals 3,541 8,172 3,666 8,339 3,856 8,745 3,739 8,423 3,862 8,761 3,732.8 8,488.0

21

FIGURE 16: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY ROLE, BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016

FIGURE 17: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY ROLE, WISCONSIN, 2012-2016

Vehicle drivers make up the highest percentage of fatalities and incapacitating injuries, within Brown County and the state of Wisconsin.

BICYCLIST4%

DRIVER47%

MOTORCYCLIST21%

MOPED USER1%

VEHICLE PASSENGER

19%

PEDESTRIAN8%

BICYCLIST3%

DRIVER53%

MOTORCYCLIST16%

MOPED USER1%

VEHICLE PASSENGER

20%

PEDESTRIAN7%

22

FIGURE 18: FATAL AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY AGE IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016

FIGURE 19: FATAL AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY AGE IN WISCONSIN, 2012-2016

For both Brown County and the state of Wisconsin, the highest number of incapacitating injuries occurred in the age group 15-24. The highest number of fatalities occurred in the age group 25-34 in Brown County, compared to the 15-24 age group for the state of Wisconsin.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

4 &under

5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 &over

KILLED INCAPACITATING INJURY

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4 &under

5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 &over

KILLED INCAPACITATING INJURY

23

FIGURE 20: TOTAL FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY PLACE OF RESIDENCE (BROWN COUNTY ON LEFT AND STATE OF WISCONSIN ON RIGHT), 2012-2016

*Local is defined as persons with addresses that have ZIP codes fully or partially within the county.

FIGURE 21: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY STATE OF RESIDENCE (BROWN COUNTY ON LEFT AND STATE OF WI ON RIGHT), 2012-2016

97% of the fatalities and incapacitating injuries in Brown County are Wisconsin residents.

FIGURE 22: LOCATION OF CRASHES BY ROAD TYPE IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016

Total Fatal Crashes Total Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

Interstate Highways 3.5% 3.4%

US/State Highways 36.8% 35.9%

County Highways 12.3% 4.4% Local Roads 47.4% 56.2%

The highest percentage of fatal and injury crashes occurred on local roads within Brown County.

Local*82.80%

Non-Local17.03%

Unknown0.18%

Local*91.77%

Non-Local8.03%

Unknown0.20%

Other, 1%WI, 97%

IL, 1%MI, 1%

Other, 2%WI, 92%

IL, 3%

MN, 2%MI, 1%

24

FIGURE 23: REPORTING OF FATAL AND SERIOUS INJURY CRASHES BY AGENCY, 2012-2016

LEA TOTAL ASHWAUBENON

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC

SAFETY

24

BROWN COUNTY SHERIFF

187

DE PERE POLICE DEPARTMENT

21

GREEN BAY POLICE

DEPARTMENT

186

HOBART LAWRENCE

POLICE DEPARTMENT

26

ONEIDA POLICE DEPARTMENT

3

PULASKI VILLAGE POLICE DEPARTMENT

2

UW GREEN BAY POLICE

DEPARTMENT

1

WISCONSIN STATE PATROL

12

WRIGHTSTOWN POLICE

DEPARTMENT

2

TOTAL 464

Brown County Sheriff’s Office has the highest reporting of fatal and serious injury crashes within Brown County.

ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE SAFETY CULTURE, SAFETY DATA, AND DATA TECHNOLOGY

Because this information is difficult to quantify and visualize, we recommend that readers view the most recent edition of the Wisconsin Strategic Highway Safety Plan at the following location: http://wisconsindot.gov/Documents/safety/education/frms-pubs/strategichwy-17-20.pdf

25

ISSUE AREA: REDUCE DRIVER DISTRACTION/IMPROVE DRIVER ALERTNESS

FIGURE 24: INATTENTION-RELATED FATAL AND INJURY-CAUSING CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016

Inattention-Related Fatal Crashes

Inattention-Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

Interstate Highways 0.0% 3.7% US/State Highways 27.3% 36.9% County Highways 9.1% 3.6% Local Roads 63.6% 55.9%

The most common location for inattention-related fatal and injury crashes in Brown County is on local roads. ISSUE AREA: REDUCE ALCOHOL & DRUG-IMPAIRED DRIVING

FIGURE 25: ALCOHOL OR DRUG-RELATED CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016

Alcohol or Drug-Related Fatal Crashes

Alcohol or Drug Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

Interstate Highways 3.0% 1.9% US/State Highways 42.4% 31.7% County Highways 12.1% 7.4% Local Roads 42.4% 59.0%

The most common location for alcohol/drug-related fatal crashes in Brown County is on US/state highways and local roads.

FIGURE 26: IMPAIRED DRIVING STATISTICS IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016

Average Total Fatal Crashes

Average Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

Average Alcohol or Drug-Related Fatal Crashes

Average Alcohol or Drug Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

11.4 1,032.8 6.6 95.2

Brown County % of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes to all fatal crashes 57.9%

Wisconsin % of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes to all fatal crashes 45.0%

Brown County has a greater percentage of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes than the state of Wisconsin.

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ISSUE AREA: REDUCE THE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF MOTORCYCLE CRASHES

FIGURE 27: BROWN COUNTY MOTORCYCLISTS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED, 2012-2016

% Killed

% Seriously Injured

5-Yr Ave Killed

5-Yr Ave Seriously Injured

County 18.8% 21.5% 2.4 21.2

State 15.3% 16.5% 84.8 525.6

Brown County had a higher percentage of motorcyclists killed and seriously injured when compared to the state.

ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE NON-MOTORIST SAFETY

FIGURE 28: BROWN COUNTY PEDESTRIANS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED

% Killed

% Seriously Injured

5-Yr Ave Killed

5-Yr Ave Seriously Injured

County 6.3% 7.9% 0.8 7.8

State 8.1% 6.6% 44.8 211.2 Brown County had higher percentages of crashes where pedestrians were seriously injured, but a lower percentage of pedestrian fatalities when compared to the state.

FIGURE 29: PEDESTRIANS INVOLVED IN CRASHES BY ACTION AND LOCATION, 2012-2016

PEDESTRIAN ACTION

PEDESTRIAN LOCATION TOTAL

BLANK IN CROSSWALK

IN ROADWAY

NOT IN ROADWAY

ON SIDEWALK

BLANK 10 44 41 2 6 103

WALKING NOT FACING TRAFFIC

0 6 19 2 0 27

DISREGARDED SIGNAL

1 2 2 0 0 5

DARTING INTO ROAD

12 5 34 0 0 51

DARK CLOTHING

0 3 6 0 0 9

WALKING FACING TRAFFIC

0 11 8 1 0 20

TOTAL 23 71 110 5 6 215

The most common pedestrian action contributing to crashes was darting into the roadway.

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FIGURE 30: BROWN COUNTY BICYCLISTS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED, 2012-2016

% Killed % Seriously Injured

5-Yr Ave Killed

5-Yr Ave Seriously Injured

County 0.0% 4.3% 0.0 4.2

State 1.8% 2.9% 10.2 92.4

Zero bicyclists were killed in Brown County from 2012-2016. However, Brown County had a higher percentage of crashes where bicyclists were seriously injured when compared to the state.

ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE SAFETY OF INTERSECTIONS

FIGURE 31: BROWN COUNTY TOTAL CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016

County State % Intersection 42.9% 37.8%

% Non-intersection 57.1% 62.8%

Compared to the state, a higher percentage of crashes (42.9%) occurred at intersections in Brown County.

ISSUE AREA: INCREASE OCCUPANT PROTECTION

FIGURE 32: SEATBELT USAGE RATE STATEWIDE, 2012-2017

Seatbelt usage statewide has increased over the past six years.

FIGURE 32.2: SAFETY EQUIPMENT USAGE IN PASSENGER CAR AND LIGHT TRUCKS DURING CRASHES, 2012-2016

Belted Unbelted Fatalities and Serious Injuries 72.6% 27.4%

79.9

82.4

84.785.8

88.489.4

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

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ISSUE AREA: CURB AGGRESSIVE DRIVING/REDUCE SPEED-RELATED CRASHES

FIGURE 33: DRIVER POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES FOR CRASHES IN BROWN COUNTY (TOP) AND STATEWIDE (BOTTOM), 2012-2016

Inattentive driving is the most significant contributing factor for all crashes within Brown County, and for the state as a whole.

12.97%

4.83%

5.43%

10.34%

12.02%

13.01%

17.98%

23.42%

OTHER CATAGORIES

DISGRD TRAFFIC CNTL

DRIVER CONDITION

FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE

FAILURE TO CONTROL

SPEED TOO FAST/COND

FAIL YIELD R-O-WAY

INATTENTIVE DRIVING

19.88%

5.00%

9.55%

11.49%

16.23%

16.88%

20.97%

OTHER CATAGORIES

DRIVER CONDITION

FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE

SPEED TOO FAST/COND

FAIL YIELD R-O-WAY

FAILURE TO CONTROL

INATTENTIVE DRIVING

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FIGURE 34: AGGRESSIVE DRIVING STATISTICS IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016

Average Speed Related Fatal Crashes

Average Speed Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes

5.2 170.4

Speed-Related Fatal Crashes

Speed-Related Non-Fatal-Injury Crashes

Interstate Highways 7.7% 6.7% US/State Highways 30.8% 35.9% County Highways 7.7% 7.5% Local Roads 53.8% 49.9%

The most common location for speed-related fatal and injury crashes in Brown County is on local roads.

ISSUE AREA: REDUCE LANE DEPARTURE CRASHES

FIGURE 35: BROWN COUNTY RUN-OFF-THE-ROAD CRASHES, 2012-2016

5-Year Average of Run-Off-

the-Road Crashes % of Run-Off-the-Road Crashes to

Total Crashes

County 842.0 22.6%

State 30,395.6 25.4% Brown County had a lower percentage of run-off-the-road crashes when compared to the state.

30

THE IMPACT

The number of persons per 1,000 residents that are involved in traffic crashes is low.

2011-2015 ANNUAL AVERAGES

16,17

16University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Health Systems Research & Analysis. Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System Project. “Wisconsin CODES Report Builder Custom Reporting System,” http://www.chsra.wisc.edu/codes/query/overview.html Accessed Oct. 2, 2017. 17University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Health Systems Research & Analysis. Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System Project. “Community Crash Reports,” http://www.chsra.wisc.edu/codes/community/default.htm Accessed Oct. 3, 2017.

Brown County Wisconsin Average Annual Population 253,467 5,716,883 Persons in Crashes (per 1,000 residents)

33.9 46.0

Crash-Related Emergency Room Visits (per 100,000 residents)

389.8 407.3

Crash-Related Hospitalizations (per 100,000 residents)

37.8 49.3

Quality of Life Costs (per 100,000 residents)

$24,547,100 $36,819,900

Lost Years of Life (per 1,000 residents)

1.75 3.04

Medical Costs (per 100,000 residents)

$7,376,423 $10,482,526

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THE GRANTS

The Bureau of Transportation Safety targets counties throughout the state based on crash frequency and severity, considering their size, location, and contributing behavioral factors as indicated on crash forms received from local law enforcement agencies. Overtime enforcement grants are offered to the law enforcement agencies of a county to form a high-visibility enforcement task force that will coordinate efforts with each other and locals to change the driving behavior in their county. If a county makes the targeting list for an enforcement grant to address a behavioral highway safety issue, all law enforcement agencies within the county are eligible to participate on a task force to address the problem. National priority issue areas include impaired driving, seat belt use, speeding, and distracted driving.

2016 Grant Participation Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff’s Office $49,104 $35,960 Ashwaubenon Dept. of Public Safety $24,010 De Pere Police Dept. Green Bay Police Dept. $74,172 $35,602.56 Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept. $23,345.76 Oneida Tribal Police Dept. Pulaski Police Dept. UW-Green Bay Police Dept. $10,000.73 $11,341.68 Wrightstown Police Dept. $12,150

2016 Task Forces

Grant Amount

Brown County OWI Task Force $120,529.50

Brown County Speed Task Force $85,392

Green Bay Police Department and UW-Green Bay Police Department participated on the Green Bay Pedestrian High-Visibility Enforcement Task Force focusing on motorist violations that negatively impact pedestrian safety. 2016 Task Force Participation

Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff’s Office Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Ashwaubenon Dept of Public Safety Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force De Pere Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Green Bay Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Oneida Tribal Police Dept Pulaski Police Dept UW-Green Bay Police Dept Wrightstown Police Dept Brown County Speed Task Force

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2017 Task Forces Grant Amount

Brown County OWI Task Force $249,984

Brown County Seat Belt Task Force $124,992

2017 Task Force Participation

Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff’s Office Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Ashwaubenon Dept of Public Safety Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force De Pere Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Green Bay Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Oneida Tribal Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Pulaski Police Dept UW-Green Bay Police Dept Wrightstown Police Dept

2018 Task Force Eligibility

Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed

Brown County Law Enforcement Agencies eligible eligible not eligible

Agency Mobilizations 2016-2017

FY2016 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over- Winter Holidays

2016 Click It or Ticket

2016 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over – Labor Day

FY2017 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over- Winter Holidays

2017 Click It or Ticket

2017 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over – Labor Day

Brown County Sheriff’s Office Yes Yes Ashwaubenon Dept. of Public Safety Yes Yes Yes Yes De Pere Police Dept. Green Bay Police Dept. Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept. Yes Yes Yes Yes Oneida Tribal Police Dept. Yes Pulaski Police Dept. UW-Green Bay Police Dept. Yes Wrightstown Police Dept. Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

The Wisconsin State Patrol participates in all three mobilizations each year. Law enforcement agencies should participate for the chance to receive an equipment grant for ongoing high-visibility enforcement.