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Terminology
• Prosthodontics: the branch of dentistry that
deals with the replacement missing dental
,oral and craniofacial structure.
• Prosthesis: an artificial replacement of an • Prosthesis: an artificial replacement of an
absent part of the human body.
• Dentulous: A condition in which complete set
of natural teeth are present in the mouth.
Edentulous :a condition in which the
mouth is without teeth it may be partially
edentulous or completely edentulous.
WASHINGTON’S DENTURE
OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE DENTURE
OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE
DENTURE
OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE
DENTURE
Polished surface
Fitting surface
Buccal flange
Polished surface
Occlusal surface
Anatomy for Complete DenturesAnatomy for Complete DenturesAnatomy for Complete DenturesAnatomy for Complete Dentures
EXTRA ORAL LANDMARKSEXTRA ORAL LANDMARKS
Lips
• Vermilion Border
– Denture provides lip support
• Affects vermilion border width
Lips
• Philtrum
– Depression below nose
Lips
• Nasolabial Angle
– Angle between columella of nose & philtrum of lip
– Normally, approximately 90° as viewed in profile
• 4- NasoNaso--labial sulcus:labial sulcus:
– Def.: it is a depression that extends from the ala of the nose
in a downward and lateral direction to the corner of the
mouth.
– Prosthetic importance:
it becomes more prominent withit becomes more prominent with
aging and teeth loss so should be
restored by proper:-
– vertical dimension
- anterior teeth positioning
- labial flange
•• MentoMento--labial sulcuslabial sulcus:
– Def.: it is the sulcus between lower lip and chin.
– Prosthetic importance:
its curvature indicates the character of maxillo-mandibular its curvature indicates the character of maxillo-mandibular
relationship.
Class II angle Class I angle Class III angle
• Modiolus:
– Def.: this is located at the confluence of the
buccinator and other facial muscles near the angle
of the mouth.
– Prosthetic importance: – Prosthetic importance:
sunken cheeks appearance and
droped angle observed by loss
of maxillary teeth.
Intra-oral landmarks
SUPPORTING STRUCTURESUPPORTING STRUCTURE
Residual ridge:It is the portion of the alveolar process and its soft tissue coverage that
remains after extraction.
the highest continuous surface of the ridge is called
Crest of the ridgeCrest of the ridge
Residual ridge is considered one
of the primary stress bearing area.
Residual Ridges
– “U”-shape
– “V”-shape
– Flat
– Rounded – Rounded
Maxillary tuberosity
It is a prominent bulge located just behind and above the distal end of the
maxillary ridge
well formed tuberosities offer wide coverage so enhancing support and
retention of the denture.
However extremely large ones
needs surgical correction.
Maxilla
• Maxillary Tuberosities
– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut
Maxilla
• Incisive Papilla
– Landmark for setting of teeth
Maxilla
• Hard Palate
– Median Palatine Raphe (midline palatine suture)
• A bony midline structure
• May require relief when covered by a denture
Maxilla
• Torus Palatinus
– May require removal
Maxilla
• “Hamular” Notch
– Posterior border denture
• Between the bony tuberosity and hamulus
• “Soft displaceable tissue”, for comfort and retention
Maxilla
• Soft Palate
– Fovea Palatine
• Bilateral indentations near midline of the soft palate
• Close to the vibrating line
Maxilla• Soft Palate
–Vibrating Line
• Critical posterior border dentures
• Junction of movable and immovable • Junction of movable and immovable portions of the soft palate
Mandible
• Ridge form
– U-shape best
Non-moveable best– Non-moveable best
– Advise patient if poor
– Affects:
• retention
• stability
Mandible
• Pear Shaped Pad(retromolar pad)
– Soft pad containing glandular tissue
– Pear shape, posterior border
– Created from scarring after extractions– Created from scarring after extractions
Mandible
• External Oblique Ridge
– Do not extend dentures to this ridge
Mandible
• Buccal Shelf
– Primary denture bearing area of mandibular denture
– Between height of bridge & external oblique ridge
– Resorbs more slowly
Mandible
• Lingual Tori
– Raised bony structures
– May require relief when covered by a denture– May require relief when covered by a denture
– Thin mucosa can ulcerate easily
Mandible
• Mylohyoid Ridge
– Origin of mylohyoid muscle which influences length
of lingual flange
– Can be prominent, and/or sharp, requiring relief
Mandible
• Genial Tubercles
– Attachment for the genioglossus muscle
– Tubercles may be higher than the ridge with severe
resorption
BORDER STRUCTURES THAT LIMITS
THE PREPHERY OF THE DENTURETHE PREPHERY OF THE DENTURE
Labial frenum
Frena (singular = frenum)
• Must be relieved to allow movement, without
impingement
• If prominent, adequate relief can weaken a denture
• If too much relief, retention is lost
• Check prominence intraorally• Check prominence intraorally
LingualLingual frenumfrenum
Buccal frenumBuccal frenum
Limiting structures of maxillary
denture
Labial frenum
Buccal frenum
Labial vestibule
Buccal frenum
Hamular notch
Vibrating line of soft palate
Buccal vestibule
Limiting structures of mandibular
dentureLabial frenum
Buccal frenum
Lingual frenum Buccal
Retromolar bad
Lingual pouch
vestibule
• Retention :resistance to the dislodging forces along
the path of placement.
• Stability :to be firm, steady or constant to resist
displacement by functional horizontal or rotational
stresses.stresses.
• Support :the foundation area on which a dental
prosthesis rest. It is the resistance to the force
toward the tissue.
Take time TO LIVE… Take time TO LIVE… Because time passes… QUICKLYBecause time passes… QUICKLY
And NEVER returns!And NEVER returns!