Anatomy – Cat Dissection

Dissection of the Inferior Extremity

Table of Contents

Slides 3-6……….Femoral A,V,NSlide 7 ………..SartoriusSlide 8 ………..GracilisSlide 9 ………..Saphenous

A,V,NSlide 10 ………..Obturator NerveSlide 11 ………..Tensor Fascia

LataSlides 12-16……Quadriceps

FemorisSlide 17 ………..LCF A,VSlide 18 ………..AdductorsSlide 19 ………..Deep Femoral

A,VSlide 20 ………..Semimem. and

Semitend.Slide 21 ………..Biceps FemorisSlide 22 ………..Sciatic Nerve

Slide 23 ………..Popliteal A,VSlide 24 ………..Gluteus’Slide 25 ………..CaudofemoralisSlide 26 ………..GastrocnemiusSlide 27 ………..SoleusSlide 28 ………..Tibial NerveSlides 29-32……Peroneus’Slide 33 ………..Peroneal NerveSlide 34 ………..Tibialis AnteriorSlide 35 ………..Extensor

Digitorum Longus

Slide 36 ………..Capsule CavitySlide 37-57…….QuizSlide 58 ………..Answer Key

Femoral Artery, Vein, and Nerve

Femoral Artery

The Femoral Artery takes blood away from the heart to the medial thigh.

Femoral Vein

The Femoral Vein takes blood to the heart away from the medial thigh.

Femoral Nerve

The Femoral Nerve sends and receives impulses to the medial thigh.

Sartorius – Free and Transect

O: Ilium I: Tibia P: Flex Leg

Freed Transected

Gracilis – Free and Transect

O: Pubis and Ischium I: Tibia P: Adduct the Thigh

Freed Transected

Saphenous Artery, Vein, and Nerve

Artery – Takes blood from heart to lower leg and foot Vein – Takes blood to heart from lower leg and foot Nerve – Sends and receives impulses to lower leg and foot

* A Branch of the Femoral

= Saphenous A,V,N

= Sartorius

Obturator Nerve

Sends and Receives Impulses to medial thigh (Gracilis)

*The left leg is tilted (Picture taken from side)

Tensor Fascia Lata

O: Iliac Crest I: Fascia Lata P: Flex Thigh

Quadriceps Femoris

Composed of 4 muscles :

– Rectus Femoris– Vastus Lateralis– Vastus Intermedius– Vastus Medialis

Rectus Femoris – Free and Transect

O: Innominate Bone I: Tibia P: Extends Leg

Transected

Freed

Vastus Lateralis – Expose

O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side

* Rectus Femoris Transected

Vastus Intermedius – Expose

O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side

* Rectus Femoris Transected

Vastus Medialis – Expose

O: Femur I: Tibia P: Extends Leg *Cat vertical as in example ^ *Cat horizontal- picture taken from side* Rectus Femoris Transected

Lateral Circumflex Femoral A,V

Artery – Takes blood from heart to quadriceps femoris muscle mass Vein – Takes blood to heart from quadriceps femoris muscle mass

* A Branch of the Femoral

= Rect. Fem.

= LCF A,V

Adductor Longus and Femoris - Expose

Longus - O: Pubis I: Femur P: Adduct the Thigh Femoris - O: Pubis and Ischium I: Linea Aspera P: Adduct the Thigh

Deep Femoral Artery and Vein

Artery – Takes blood from heart to adductors

Vein – Takes blood to heart from adductors* A Branch of the Femoral

This blood vessel, deep to the adductors, can be found between the Adductor Longus and the Vastus Medialis.

Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus - Expose

Semimem. - O: Ischium I: Medial aspect of Tibia P: Flex the Leg Semitend. - O: Ischium I: Medial aspect of Tibia P: Flex the Leg

Biceps Femoris – Free and Transect

O: Ischium I: Tibia and Fibula P: Flex the Leg Freed Transected

Sciatic Nerve

Sends and receives impulses to the posterior muscles of the thigh (Biceps Femoris)

Popliteal Artery and Vein

Artery – Takes blood from heart to the back of the knee

Vein – Takes blood to heart from back of the knee

*Branches off of the Deep Femoral

Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Maximus - Expose

Medius - O: Ilium I: Femur P: Abduct Thigh Maximus. - O: Sacral Vertebrae I: Femur P: Abduct Thigh

Gluteus Max

Caudofemoralis

O: Caudal Vertebrae I: Patella P: Abduct Thigh= Gluteus Maximus

= Biceps Femoris

Gastrocnemius

O: Lateral and Medial Popliteal Surface of Femur I: Calcaneous P: Extends the Foot

Soleus

O: Posterior Aspect of Tibia I: Calcaneous P: Extends the Foot

Tibial Nerve

Sends and receives impulses to the posterior lower leg. (Tibia)

Peroneus Brevis, Longus, Tertius

Peroneus Brevis

O: Fibula I: Metatarsals P: Extends Foot

Peroneus Tertius

O: Fibula I: Phalanges P: Extends Foot

Peroneus Longus

O: Fibula I: Metatarsals P: Pronates Foot

Peroneal Nerve

The Peroneal Nerve sends and receives impulses to the anterior and lateral lower leg muscles (shin area).

It is a branch of the Sciatic Nerve

Tibialis Anterior

O: Tibia I: Phalanges P: Flex Foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus

O: Femur I: Phalanges P: Extends the Toes

Capsule Cavity

In the knee; houses the quadriceps tendon, synovial membrane, crossed ligaments, and semilunar cartilage.

Quiz on the Lower Leg

This 20 question quiz is on the reading and dissection. Write your answers on piece of paper.

Question 1

Name this muscle and give the OIP for it.

Question 2 Multiple/Multiple

What muscle(s) were transected?

a. Biceps Femoris

b. Tensor Fascia Lata

c. Rectus Femoris

d. All of the Above

e. None of the Above

Question 3

Which blood vessel carries blood to and from the back of the knee?

a. Saphenous Artery and Vein

b. Backknee Artery and Vein

c. Popliteal Artery and Vein

d. Femoral Artery and Vein

Question 4

This is composed of four (4) muscles. What is this called and name the four (4) muscles it’s

made up of.

Question 5

What ligament is located between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine?

Question 6

What holds the Tensor Fascia Lata to its insertion?

Question 7

What muscle is this? Give the OIP

Question 8 True and False

Is this statement true or false? If false, fix it.

The Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery and Vein is located in the Biceps Femoris.

Question 9

a. How many hamstring muscles are there?

b. What are the names?

Question 10

Are the tendons of the Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus more rounded or

aponeurotic in cat?

Question 11

The insertion of the Caudofemoralis is located between what two things?

Question 12

Where is the Sciatic Nerve located?

Question 13

What muscle in the lower leg (shin area) has two heads of origin?

Question 14

What tendon connects the Gastrocnemius and Soleus to the calcaneous bone?

Question 15

The Peroneal Nerve carries impulses to and from what areas of the lower leg (shin area)?

Question 16

What two peroneus’ insert at the metatarsals?

Question 17

How many muscles are there in the lower leg (shin area)?

Question 18

What does the Deep Femoral Artery and Vein branch off into?

Question 19

Where are the Gluteus Maximus and Gluteus Medius located?

Question 20

Who is the best Anatomy teacher EVER!!?!?!

Answers!!

1. Sartorius – o. ilium i. tibia p. flex leg2. A and C3. C4. Quadriceps Femoris or Quadricep Muscle Mass – Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus

Intermedius, and Vastus Medialis5. Inguinal ligament6. Fascia Lata7. Vastus Intermedius – o. femur i. tibia p. extend the leg8. False; the LCFA/V is located in the Quadriceps Femoris9. A. Three (3) B. Biceps Femoris, Semimem. and Semitend.10. Aponeurotic11. Biceps Femoris and Fascia Lata12. Under the Biceps Femoris 13. Gastrocnemius14. Achilles Tendon15. Anterior and Lateral16. Peroneus Brevis and Longus17. Seven (7)18. Popliteal Artery and Vein19. The Hip20. Mr. Wencley!!

Good Luck on your major lab practical!!

Made by: Megan Brannon ’07-’08