Anatomy and Physiology:

The Female Reproductive System

Overview1. Female Reproductive System 2. Vagina and Mammary Glands3. Ovarian and Uterine Cycle4. Implantation of Blastocyst

Figure 25.11a

Figure 25.11b

Figure 25.12

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM6

OVARIESThe female gonads or sex glands They develop and expel an ovum each monthA woman is born with approximately 400,000

immature eggs called folliclesDuring a lifetime a woman release @ 400 to

500 fully matured eggs for fertilizationThe follicles in the ovaries produce the female

sex hormones, progesterone and estrogenThese hormones prepare the uterus for

implantation of the fertilized egg

Figure 25.13

Figure 25.14a

Figure 25.14b

Figure 25.15

Figure 25.16

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM12

FALLOPIAN TUBESServe as a pathway for the ovum to the

uterusAre the site of fertilization by the male

spermOften referred to as the oviducts or

uterine tubesFertilized egg takes approximately 6 to

10 days to travel through the fallopian tube to implant in the uterine lining

Figure 25.17b

Figure 25.18b

Figure 25.19

Figure 25.20

Figure 25.21

Figure 25.23

Figure 25.24a

Figure 25.24b

Figure 25.25

Figure 25.26

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM23

MENSTRUATION Menarch, the onset of

menstruation signals the bodily changes that transform a female body

Average age is 12.8 Amount of bleeding

varies from woman to woman

Expulsion of blood clots

Blood color can vary from bright red to dark maroon

Usually occurs every 25 to 32 days

Women can experience fluid retention, cramping, mood swings, weight gain, breast tenderness, diarrhea, and constipation

Figure 25.27a

Figure 25.27b

Figure 25.27c

Figure 25.28

Figure 25.29a

Figure 25.29b

Figure 25.30

Figure 25.31

Figure 25.32a

Figure 25.32b

Figure 25.32c

Figure 25.33a

Figure 25.33b

Figure 25.33c

Table 25.1

Table 25.2

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM40

BREASTS Organs of sexual arousal Contain mammary glands Consist of connective tissue

that serves as support Each breast contain 15-25

clusters called lobes Each lobule is connected by

ducts that open into the nipples

The nipples are made up of erectile tissue

The pigmented around the nipples are called the areola

Breast size is determined primarily by heredity

Size also depends on the existing fat and glandular tissue

Breasts may exhibit cyclical changes, including increased swelling and tenderness prior to

menstruation Benign breast changes

refer to fibrocystic disease Lumps or masses that are

noncancerous

Figure 25.22

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM42

BREAST SELF-EXAMINATIONWomen need to examine their breasts

monthly BSEThis is a proactive approach to detect

possible breast cancerA supplement to clinical exams and

mammographyBest time for a BSE is a week after

menstruation

UNIT 3: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM43

BREAST SELF EXAM