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ANATOMYPectoral & Scapular Regions

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...Before we start شيت VSكتاب

علمVSعالمة

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What is Muscle? A contractile organ consisting of a

special bundle of muscle tissue, which moves a particular bone, part, or substance of the body.

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Types of muscles … Skeletal muscles : a form of striated muscles attached to bones

by tendons and they under control of somatic nervous system ((voluntary controlled))...existing throughout the human body.

Smooth muscles : Non striated muscles and they under control of autonomic nervous system ((involuntary controlled))… existing in  wall of blood vessels ,lymphatic vessels, the urinary bladder , male and female reproductive system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract..etc.

Cardiac muscles :striated muscles controlled by the autonomic nervous system ((involuntary controlled)).. Found only in the walls of the heart.

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Functions of skeletal muscles

.1 .Movement

الجسم)) )) Posture. 2وضعية

 .3. Support & protection

4. Heat regulation.

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How muscles are named!

1.Size of muscles : minor , major2.Shape of muscles: Deltoid ,Teres3.Main action: Flexor,Extensor4.Number of tendons of origin :Bicecps,Triceps

5.Relation of muscle to the bone : Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus

6.Origin &insertion : Brachioradialis (from Brachium(humerus) to radius)

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I should memorize all these muscles!!

Scapular regions :SupraspinatusInfraspinatusTeres minorTeres major SubscapularisDeltoid

Pectoral regions :Pectoralis major Perctoralis minorSubclaviusSerratus antreior

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What should we know about each muscle?

1.Origin

2.Insertion

3.Nerve Supply

4.Action

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LAW:

When the muscle perform its action, its insertion moves towards its origin .

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Scapular Muscles

((muscles connecting scapula to humerus))

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Revision!..

The ScapulaSoulder Joint

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Revision!..

Proximal end of Humerus bone Clavicle

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Supraspinatus (Supra=above .. -spintaus =spine of scapula

Origin :Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus

Nerve supply: Suprascapular nerve

:Action (1-Initiation of abduction (0-15 degree

2-stabilization of the shoulder joint

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Infraspinatus (infra=below,-spinatus= spine of scapula)

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus

Nerve supply:Suprascapular nerve

:Action1 -Lateral rotation

2- Stabilization of shoulder joint

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(teres=rounded) Teres minor

Origin: Upper two thirds of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus

Nerve supply: Axillary nerve

Action:1 -Lateral rotation

2- stabilization of shoulder joint

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Teres major Origin: Lower third of lateral border of scapula

Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Nerve supply : Lower subscapular nerve

:Action1-Medial rotation

2-adduction 3-stabilization of shoulder joint

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Minor & Major

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Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tuberosity of humerus

Nerve supply: Upper and lower

subscapular nerve

:Action1-Medial rotation

2-stabilization of shoulder joint

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Rotator cuff of shoulder joint!!..

4 muscles and their tendons :Supraspinatus (superior) posterior )) InfraspinatusTeres minor (posterior)(Anterior) Subscapularis

Function: maintaining glenohumeral (shoulder joint) stability.

Note: The cuff is deficient inferiorly, and this is a site of potential weakness.

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Deltoid muscle (delt=

triangular,oid=like)Origin: 1-anterior border & upper surface of lateral third of the clavicle 2- lateral margin of acromion 3-posteroir border of the spine

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Nerve supply: Axillary nerve

Action: 1- Abduction (15-90 degrees) 2- Flexion ((Calvicular fiber))

3- Extension((Posterior fibers))

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Pectoral muscles

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Pectoralis major (pector=Breast)

Origin : 1-medial half (sternal Half) of Clavicle 2- Anterior surface of Sternum

Insertion: Lateral Lip of intertubercular head

Nerve supply : Medial & Lateral pectoral nerves

Action : 1-Adduction 2-Medial rotation

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Pectoralis minor

Beneath pectoralis major

Anterior surface & superior border of ribs III to V:Origin

Insertion: coracoid process of scapula

medial pectoral nerve:Nerve supply

Action: Depression of shoulder joint

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Subclavius (sub=under,clavius=clavicle)

Origin :Rib I

Insertion: groove at the middle third of inferior surface of clavicle

Nerve Supply: nerve to subcalvius

Action:1- pulls clavicle medially 2-protects underlying structures

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Serratus anterior(serratus=saw,anterior=front side of body)

Origin: lateral surface of upper 9 ribs

Insertion: medial border the scapula

Nerve supply : long thoracic nerve

Action: protraction &rotation of scapula

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